South-Eastern European developments. May on the administrative convergence and enlargement of the European Administrative Space in Balkan states

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1 May 2010 Project title: on the administrative convergence and enlargement of the European Administrative Space in Balkan states Programme: Sub-programme: Action type: Partners: Duration: Lifelong Learning Programme Jean Monnet Programme, Key Activity 1 Multilateral Research Group (P1) University of the Aegean, Greece (P2) New Bulgarian University, Bulgaria (P3) University of Rijeka, Croatia (P4) European Public Law Organization, Greece (P5) Academic coordinator: Professor Dr. Lucica Matei 01 September August 2011 SUMMARY OF THE PROJECT Reason for the project European integration revealed, also for public administrations, specific processes and mechanisms, for evaluating the progresses recorded within the framework of national reforms. The most important ones refer to administrative convergence and compatibility with principles and values of the European Administrative Space (EAS). For the Balkan states, situated in different positions in the European integration process, each above concept is emphasised and it develops in a distinct and specific way. The project receives funding from the European Community. Sole responsibility of this Newsletter lies with the coordinator. The Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency and European Commission are not responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained herewith.

2 Event no.1 - Scientific event organized within the framework of Jean Monnet project Public Administration in the Balkans from Weberian bureaucracy to New Public Management Workshop Wrap Up The workshop had the following structure: Opening Session Session 1 - Balkan Public Administrations between Transition and Modernity Session 2 - Impact of Reforms on Public Administration in the Balkan States. National Experiences Session 3 - A Balkan Model of Public Administration Myth or Reality? Session 4 - Administrative Convergence between Weberian Model and New Public Management Session 5 - Evaluating a Case Study Relevant for NPM Application in Local Government Special Session - European Governance versus National Governance. European Pragmatism

3 SESSION 4 Administrative Convergence between Weberian Model and New Public Management Moderator Panagiotis GRIGORIOU, Prof. Dr., Aegean University, Greece Vinko KANDZIJA, Prof. PhD, University of Rijeka, Croatia Nicolaos BALTAS, Prof. Dr., Athens University of Economics and Business, Greece Speakers Lucica MATEI, Prof. Dr., National School of Political Studies and Public Administration, Romania European Integration, Europeanization and Administrative Convergence Available at In a globalising world, the evolution of the European Union construction and enlargement process reveals characteristics determined by the economic, social, cultural, political features of each EU Member State or candidate state. The ongoing enlargement process, taking into consideration especially the fact the negotiations with Croatia are in a decisive phase, as appreciated by the European Commission, the development of the European perspective for countries from the area of Western Balkans, the ongoing negotiations for accession with Turkey in the pace of its national reforms, inscribe as priorities of the actions for enlarging the European Administrative Space, achieving the European administrative convergence and continuing the Europeanization process of the Balkan area. Remaining in the general context, for the public administration development, the recent evolutions emphasise two generic models, in view to interpret its actual development: the classical or Weberian one and New Public Management (NMP), a favourite diagnostic associating them a paradigm of change from old public administration to NMP. No matter the standard, NMP is in contrast with the idea of a unique European administrative convergence. NMP sustains that this convergence is global or at the most common for several states. Based on that philosophy, the paper focuses on describing the correlations between three fundamental processes of the European public administration: European integration, Europeanization and administrative convergence.

4 Maria Elisavet BALTA, Brunel University, United Kingdom The Challenges and the Adoption of Positioning Strategy in Social Enterprises: A Case Study Available at Policy makers and academics focus on the challenging role of voluntary and community organisations and their movement towards a market oriented mission organisations. The paper identifies and explains the key factors that influence social enterprise organisations to develop a positioning strategy. The paper suggests an integrative model that combines both the external environment and the organisational factors as key influences of strategic positioning. In the light of the findings, it discusses the challenges and the implications of adopting a marketing positioning strategy alongside delivering public services. The findings provide new evidence that social enterprise organisations start to strategically position themselves in response to both internal organizational factors and external environmental influences.

5 Calogero MARINO, PhD Candidate, University of Palermo, Italy The Introduction of New Public Management Principles in the Italian Public Sector Available at Over the last few decades, the Italian public administration has undergone significant reform, which aimed to rectify the structural defects in the system, leading to inefficiency in public management and an improper allocation and utilization of resources. The Italian legislator, following the New Public Management guidelines, introduced private principles and instruments (such as managerial competence improvement, accountability and performance evaluation) in the public field to improve the efficiency, effectiveness and financial stability of state enterprise. In particular, one of the main innovations introduced in this field regarded the recognition of the principle of distinction between politics and administration and the transfer from a bureaucratic model based on norms to a managerial model based on performance. The reform has the aim of changing the traditional weberian bureaucratic approach of the Italian public administration, in accordance with the New public management principles. This reform process regarded also other Countries (such as Central and Eastern European public administrations), that have undergone profound changes. In fact, the rising complexity, the lack of financial resources and European politico-economic integration required a process of modernization in public administration, since public organizations had an organizational and managerial structure on the lines of a bureaucratic model, and they did not possess the necessary capacity to deal with the new needs of the citizens. As well as Italy, the reform process in these Countries was based on the principles of "New Public Management" which proclaims: a) the replacement of centralized and hierarchical structures with plainer and more decentralized management areas; b) an increased focus on results in terms of efficiency, effectiveness and quality of service by setting standards of productivity; c) an orientation towards citizensconsumers in terms of service quality and customer satisfaction; d) the introduction of market mechanisms; e) a more strategic focus on the reinforcement of strategic capacity. This paper is underpinned by analysis of the regulation introduced by the reform of the Italian public administration to observe whether its main objectives have been really achieved. It is also based on a comparative analysis of the effects produced by the reforms in Italy and in other European Countries. Lastly this work aims to verify if it is possible to individuate a framework of convergence based on the principles of new public management.

6 Tatiana Camelia DOGARU, PhD candidate, National School of Political Studies and Public Administration, Romania Administrative Convergence in the Balkan Area. Empirical Analysis of Employment Policy in Romania and Bulgaria Available at The globalization and intense development of the social systems represent an important trend that embraced our world for the last twenty years. It is a world of permanent change and movement with interconnected actions that create interdependences. In this new context, the national states are on an entirely new position, the institutions and administrative systems should be flexible and transparent to adapt their selves to these changes and to create the necessary framework for developing in good conditions all the aspects of the social life. In this paper, the attention is focused on the administrative convergence, considering that it is impossible to conceive a strong European construction without the existence of an effective public administration at both levels, national and European. The research tries to emphasize few signs of convergence between Romanian and Bulgarian employment policy. The analysis is based on the historical evolutions, cultural and social values. Both countries were under the influence of the Ottoman Empire and after the Second World War, Eastern Europe was identified with communism and Soviet Union s domination. In 1991, Bulgaria and Romania have adopted a democratic Constitution where we could find the same principles of public administration: lawfulness, transparency, subsidiarity, proportionality, descentralization, accessibility, responsibility and coordination, efficiency and effectiveness and also, we could see a similar social model. Therefore, the goal of this article is to emphasize and to analyze the degree of administrative convergence in Romania s and Bulgaria s employment policy. The paper has two parts: the conceptual explorative part which focuses on theoretical aspects, and the analysis part which focuses on the employment policy in Romania and Bulgaria and which uses the empirical data gathered from strategic documents of the Romanian and Bulgarian employment reform, in order to identify a possible answer for administrative convergence.

7 Ivana MALETIC, BSc, Secretary of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Croatia, Croatia Davor VASICEK, PhD, University of Rijeka, Croatia Convergence of Croatian Financial and Budget Regulations to the Framework and Practices of the European Union Available at As of 2004 intensive preparatory activities for the accession of the Republic of Croatia into the European Union have started. Significant changes have been taking place in legislation, institutional and administrative respect. The so called silent reform, is changing the appearance and the way of work of state administration. Institutions acquire the rules and way of work of the European Union through the usage of pre-accession programmes. General opinion moves in the direction of successfulness, competitiveness, attainment of results and added values. Financial regulations regarding stipulation of budget processes have been changing through the introduction of the following elements: strategic planning, multi-annual budget framework, fiscal discipline, internal audit as well as financial management and control system based on clearly set work processes and procedures. This document provides the description of the most significant changes regarding financial management and budget regulations in the Republic of Croatia which have taken place in the course of adapting (developing) the system to the European practices and rules.

8 Members academic contributions in the field of research connected to the project 9th International Congress of the International Association on Public and Nonprofit Marketing (IAPNM 2010) PROGRAMME Wednesday, June 9 th Reception at the National School of Political Studies and Public Administration (NSPSPA) Venue Welcome cocktail. Informal registration (distribution of badges) Thursday, June 10 th Registration at the NSPSPA Venue Link location Welcome by the organizers: Management representative of the National School of Political Studies and Public Administration Professor Lucica Matei, President of the 9th International Congress of the International Association on Public and Nonprofit Marketing (IAPNM 2010) Professor José Luis Vázquez Burguete, President of the International Association on Public and Nonprofit Marketing (IAPNM) Opening Session by the guest speaker Dr. Andrew I. E. Ewoh, MPA Program Director & Professor of Public Administration Master of Public Administration Program, Co-Director MBA-MPA Dual Degree Program, Department of Political Science & International Affairs, Kennesaw State University (USA) The Role of Public-Nonprofit Partnerships in the Delivery of Public Goods and Services Speech Coffee break Parallel Sessions Chaired by 1. Social marketing Magdalena Cismaru, University of Regina, Faculty of Business Administration, Canada Ani Matei, National School of Political Studies and Public Administration, Faculty of Public Administration, Romania 2. Marketing in Public Administrations Lucica Matei, National School of Political Studies and Public Administration, Faculty of Public Administration, Romania Marlize Terblanche-Smit, Stellenbosch University, South Africa 3. Reviving and Reinventing Public Marketing Marlen Martoudi Demetriou, University of Nicosia, Cyprus Corneliu Munteanu, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Romania 4. Marketing fits Local Development Amparo Cervera Taulet, University of Valencia Mirna Leko Šimić,Faculty of Economics Osijek, Croatia 5. Marketing and Health Institutions and Social Assistance Helena Alves, University of Beira Interior, Portugal Pablo Gutiérrez Rodríguez, University Of León, Spain 6. Transferring Public and Nonprofit Marketing Best Practices to South-Eastern Europe Gonzalo Díaz Meneses, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain Magdalena Iordache-Platis, University of Bucharest, Romania 7. The Path to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Liana Badea, The Bucharest Academy of Economic Studies, Romania Rodoula Tsiotsou, University of Macedonia, Greece 8. Marketing in Nonprofit Organizations Roger Bennett, London Metropolitan University, United Kingdom Adriana Grigorescu, National School of Political Studies and Public Administration, Faculty of Public Administration, Romania 9. Marketing and Higher Education Institutions Teodora Dinu,, National School of Political Studies and Public Administration, Faculty of Public Administration, Romania José Luis Vázquez Burguete, University of León, Spain 10. Marketing Communication Decisions Above (advertising) and Below-the-Line (promotion, PR) in Public and Nonprofit Fields Dan Lazăr, Babeş-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania Maurice Murphy, Cork Institute of Technology, Ireland

9 9th International Congress of the International Association on Public and Nonprofit Marketing (IAPNM 2010) PROGRAMME Thursday, June 10 th Parallel Sessions Session 1 a Social marketing Real efectiveness of anti-drug campaigns. An exploratory analysis in the young Spanish people Jose Luis Vazquez Burguete, Pablo Gutierrez Rodriguez, Maria Purificacion Miguélez García, Ana Lanero Carrizo. University Of León, Spain Pedro Cuesta Valiño, University of Alcalá, Spain The Effect of Fear Appeal HIV/Aids Social Marketing on Behaviour: Evaluating the Importance of Market Segmentation Marlize Terblanche-Smit and Nic Terblanche Stellenbosch University, South Africa Towards A Better Understanding of Ethical Consumption Alexandra Malheiro Polytechnic Institute of Cavado and Ave, Portugal Thinking outside the box: does packaging on cigarettes work? Barry Griffin and Maurice Murphy Cork Institute of Technology, Ireland The Get Your Life in Gear truck driver social marketing intervention on the island of Ireland Sinead Duane and Christine Domegan NUI Galway, Ireland Session 5 a- Marketing and Health Institutions and Social Assistance Socio-indicators regarding social perception of reforms in the health public sector. The case of Romania. Ani Matei and Carmen Săvulescu Towards verifying communication research in healthcare Beáta Vajda University of Szeged, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Hungary The Main Indicators Used In the Financing of the Constanta County Clinic Emergency Hospital Marioara Mirea, Aivaz Kamer-Ainur, Elena Condrea, Anca Cristina Stanciu Ovidius University, Faculty of Economics, Romania Hospital volunteers are they satisfied? Marisa Ferreira, Teresa Proença and João F. Proença University of Porto, Faculty of Economics, Portugal Session 4 a - Marketing fits Local Development Importance of partnership and cooperation for territorial development Anna Vaňová, Kamila Borseková, Miroslav Foret Faculty of economics, University of Matej Bel, Slovakia Keynesian Substantiation of the Marketing Policies in Local Development Lucica Matei and Stoica Anghelescu Marketing for the Public Transport Alexandra Iancu Places Marketing as a Tool of Territorial Development Anna Vaňová, Kamila Borseková, Katarina Petríková Faculty of economics, University of Matej Bel, Slovakia Parallel Sessions Session 2 a - Marketing in Public Administrations Image, Satisfaction and Identification as Antecedents of Graduate Loyalty Amparo Cervera Taulet, Ma. Walesska Schlesinger, M. Angeles Iniesta, Raquel Sánchez University of Valencia, Spain Analysis of the Value Creation in Higher Institutions: A Relational Perspective Raquel Sánchez-Fernández, M. Ángeles Iniesta-Bonillo, University Of Almería, Spain Walesska Schlesinger-Díaz, University Of Zulia, Venezuela Pilar Rivera-Torres, University Of Zaragoza, Spain Public Administration and Customer Satisfaction in Romania Valentina Munteanu Andrei Saguna University Constanta, Romania Marketing and public sector performance. The case of National Institute of Administration in Romania Dragoş Dincă and Cătălin Dumitrică Public Decision s Implications upon the PPS Ioana Teodora Dinu Session 7 a- The Path to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Social Responsibility and the Influence of Public Marketing on Solutions in Favor of Local Collectivities Mihail Dumitrescu and Adelina Dumitrescu An approach to corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the new European higher education area (EHEA). The case of marketing studies Montserrat Díaz Méndez, M. Mercedes Galán Ladero, Clementina Galera Casquet and Víctor Valero Amaro University of Extremadura, Spain Is responsible consumption compatible with economic crisis? The determining role of consumer information Clementina Galera Casquet and Montserrat Díaz-Méndez University of Extremadura, Spain CSR: Croatian Consumers Response Mirna Leko Šimić and Helena Štimac Faculty of Economics Osijek, Croatia Session 10 a - Marketing Communication Decisions Above (advertising) and Belowthe-Line (promotion, PR) in Public and Nonprofit Fields Marketing through the eye of the law Ana Lucia Ristea, Ion Stegăroiu, Gabriel Croitoru Valahia University of Târgovişte, Romania The Importance of Communication Policies for Promoting Energy Saving Arminda Paço and Lília Varejão University of Beira Interior, Portugal Elements of strategy, communication and electoral marketing in the 2009 presidential campaign case study: Constanta County Andra Seceleanu Andrei Saguna University, Communication Department, Romania University Promotion Key Factor of the Adaptability, Competitiveness and Performance of the Higher Education Service Cristina Elena Nicolescu Driven to Excess: An Analysis of the Causes of Young Male Driver Deaths and Injuries Brian Harman and Maurice Murphy Cork Institute of Technology, Ireland Social activity Dinner Lunch congress/programme.htm

10 PROGRAMME Friday, June 11 th IAPNM Parallel Sessions Session 9 a - Marketing and Higher Education Institutions Accessibility of the public educational system in administrative sciences Mihaela Victoriţa Cărăuşan Quality and transparency of high education institutions. Insights into the marketing approaches Nicoleta Ramona Bunda, Veronica Popovici, Elena Condrea Ovidius University, Faculty of Economics Sciences, Romania Mihaela Constandache, Dimitrie Cantemir Christian University, Faculty of Touristic and Commercial Management, Romania Determinants and consequences of alumni identification Dionysis Skarmeas, Haseeb Shabbir, Magnus Hultman, University of Leeds, United Kingdom George Baltas, Athens University of Economics and Business, Greece Positioning Educational Programs with Nonmetric Data Perceptual versus Preference Maps Corneliu Munteanu Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iasi, Romania Competition and Human Capital on the Education Market Magdalena Iordache-Platis, University of Bucharest, Romania Eleftherios Thalassinos, University of Piraeus, Greece Diana-Mihaela Pociovălişteanu, Constantin Brâncuşi University, Romania Liana Badea, Academy of Economic Studies, Romania Session 8 a - Marketing in Nonprofit Organizations NGO Marketing Mechanisms Generating Public Participation Ioana Luiza Acsinia, Master s Student Romanian Environmental Non Governmental Organizations Marketing In Relation with Companies in the Context of the Global Economic Crisis Alina Elena Balalia and Estera Laura Nemoianu Academy of Economic Studies, Romania Determinants of Low Income People s Decisions to Give to Charity Roger Bennett London Metropolitan University, United Kingdom The market orientation and performance of non-governmental organizations for disabled persons Ricardo Gouveia Rodrigues, Arminda Paço, Eugénia Guerra University of Beira Interior, Portugal The Perception of the Corporate Image at the Public Bus Services Ida Ercsey Szechenyi Istvan University, Department of Marketing and Management, Hungary Coffee break Parallel Sessions Session 6 a - Transferring Public and Nonprofit Marketing Best Practices to South- Eastern Europe The Population Trust in the Local Administrations. Case Study Aivaz Kamer-Ainur, Marioara Mirea, Elena Condrea, Cristina Elena Georgescu Ovidius University of Constanta, Romania Managing Relations with Donors Using the Customer Relationship Management Concept Ana Popović and Ljiljana Stankovic Faculty of Economics, University of Niš, Serbia Learning 2.0: Collaborative technologies transforming learning patterns Veronica Popovici, Ramona Nicoleta Bunda, Ovidius University Faculty of Economics Sciences Mihaela Constandache, Crina Raluca Bucur, Dimitrie Cantemir Christian University Faculty of Touristic and Commercial Management, Romania Braking Distances across Markets through the Internet Cătălin Vrabie Session 2 b - Marketing in Public Administrations Integrated Approach of the Citizen s Role in Relation to the Public Services Lucica Matei and Ani Matei The Role of Marketing in the Development of Public Services Adriana Grigorescu, National School of Political Studies and Public Administration, Romania Andreea Simona Saseanu, Academy of Economic Studies, Romania Civil Society Development and Citizen Monitoring On the Environment Ivan Georgiev, Ivan Varlyakov, Oleg Milev, Trakya University, Bulgaria Jose Luis Vazquez Burguete, Pablo Gutierrez Rodriguez, Universidad de Leon, Spain Assessment of Partnership Marketing on Development of Cross-Border Local Network Mihaela Onofrei and Dan Lupu Iasi University, Romania Building Cohesion and Trust in London A Social Marketing Approach Jonathan Upton The Campaign Company, United Kingdom Lunch Parallel Sessions Session 9 b - Marketing and Higher Education Institutions The true face of the university ranking Crina Radulescu Students Perceptions of Ethics as a Generic Competence in Higher Education Raquel Barreda-Tarrazona and Alfonso Miguel Márquez-García Universidad de Jaén, Spain Educational Offer, Education Demand and Institutional Capacity Adrian Gorun University of Targu Jiu, Romania Customer Relationship Marketing For Higher Education Institutions Magdalena Iordache-Platis University of Bucharest, Romania Entrepreneurship Education: A New Product for New Social Needs José Luis Vázquez, Ana Lanero, Pablo Gutiérrez, M. Purificación García University of Leon, Spain Session 7 b - The Path to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Is a Bank expected to play the role of a Non-Profit Organization? How do its stakeholders feel about it? Marlen Martoudi Demetriou and Christiana Aristotelous University of Nicosia, Cyprus Corporate Social Responsibility in Romania: Between PR tactic and sustainability strategy Estera Laura Nemoianu Academy of Economic Studies, Romania Supermarkets in Portugal - Corporate Social Responsibility image, attitude towards the brand and purchase intention Inês Pereira Instituto Politécnico do Porto, ISCAP- Instituto Superior de Contabilidade e Administração do Porto, Portugal Exploring the Role of Brand Love on Perceived Corporate Social Responsibility Rodoula Tsiotsou University of Macedonia, Greece Corporate Social Action: conceptual definition and typology Oscar Daniel Licandro Goldaracena and Juanita Sabath Universidad Católica, CSR Research Program, Uruguay Session 1 b - Social marketing Systematic Reviews: Their Emerging Role in the Co-creation of Social Marketing Value Patricia McHugh and Christine Domegan National University of Ireland, Galway The Gift of Life: The Role of Social Marketing in Organ Donation Ronan O' Sullivan and Maurice Murphy Cork Institute of Technology, Ireland Integrating Social Marketing with Service Learning for Social Change Christine Domegan, National University of Ireland, Galway Robert G. Bringle, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis A phenomenographic analysis of the social marketing concept Helena Alves and Emerson Wagner Mainardes University of Beira Interior, Portugal Breastfeeding Mothers: Typologies and Profiles Gonzalo Díaz Meneses University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain Coffee break Parallel Sessions Session 1c - Social marketing The role of social marketing in the development of associations and Foundations Mădălina Cocoşatu Binge Drinking: The Curse of the Female College Student Fergus Murphy and Maurice Murphy Cork Institute of Technology, Ireland Creativity in Social Advertising: Developing a Conceptual Framework Alexandros Triantos, Emmanouella Plakoyiannaki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece Rodoula Tsiotsou, University of Macedonia, Greece Just One Pint Saves Life: The Role of Social Marketing in Blood Donation John Healy and Maurice Murphy Cork Institute of Technology, Ireland NHS Barnsley: Increasing the Uptake of Sexual Health Services Jonathan Upton The Campaign Company, United Kingdom Session 3 a - Reviving and Reinventing Public Marketing The Relevance of Subjective Norm in Adopting E-Government: A Theoretical Framework Daniel Belanche-Gracia, Luis V. Casaló-Ariño, Carlos Flavián-Blanco University of Zaragoza, Spain Discriminant Analysis for the Abilities of Public Marketing Specialists Adriana Grigorescu, National School of Political Studies and Public Administration, Romania Constantin Bob, Academy of Economic Studies, Romania The instrumentation of social marketing in promoting the European year for combating poverty and social exclusion program. Case study: ministry of labor, family and social protection in Romania Corina Lazăr The implications of Japan s public and corporate pension system. A new strategy Dana Alexandru, Mihaela Olteanu, Naomi Reniuţ Closing session

11 Events in the field of research connected to the project Doctor Honoris Causa Award Ceremony On 25 May 2010, the National School of Political Studies and Public Administration has awarded the title of Doctor Honoris Causa of NSPSPA to Geert Bouckaert Professor at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Director of the Public Management Institute, KU Leuven, Belgium The presence of Professor Geert Bouckaert here today in this ceremony provides us the opportunity to remember with pleasure the cooperation of over one decade between the Faculty of Public Administration and the European Group for Public Administration, cooperation revealing the fact that yourself have been an important promoter and actor. The European scientific community owns you, dear professor, the EGPA spirit, which animates also the academic life in our faculty by an example of openness, transparency and collegiality. Adding your great humanism and dedication for attaining the ideals of European and international science and education, we may assert the honour to have among us, a man of high human dignity who may influence and determine the destinies and careers of each of us as well as our academic teams on overall. For all those aspects, as well for the future joint projects of cooperation, we address, on behalf of our academic staff and students, sincere thanks, ensuring of our wish for joint cooperation. At the same time, this ceremony to award the title of Doctor Honoris Causa of NSPSPA offers us the opportunity to address you congratulations for the entire activity in the benefit of higher education and research and to wish success in your future activity. Snippet of Laudatio, speech of Professor Lucica Matei, Dean of the Faculty of Public Administration, NSPSPA Edition Coordinator: Professor Ani Matei, PhD, amatei@snspa.ro Assistant Coordinators: Teodora Dinu, PhD candidate, tdinu@snspa.ro Carmen Săvulescu, PhD candidate, csavulescu@snspa.ro National School of Political Studies and Public Administration, Bucharest, Romania Tel.: ; Fax: