Consolidated Appeals Process (CAP) The CAP is much more than an appeal for money. It is an inclusive and coordinated programme cycle of:

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4 Consolidated Appeals Process (CAP) The CAP is much more than an appeal for money. It is an inclusive and coordinated programme cycle of: Strategic planning leading to a Common Humanitarian Action Plan (CHAP); Resource mobilisation (leading to a Consolidated Appeal or a Flash Appeal); Coordinated programme implementation; Joint monitoring and evaluation; Revision, if necessary; and Reporting on results. The CHAP is a strategic plan for humanitarian response in a given country or region and includes the following elements: A common analysis of the context in which humanitarian action takes place; An assessment of needs; Best, worst, and most likely scenarios; Stakeholder analysis, i.e. who does what and where; A clear statement of longerterm objectives and goals; Prioritised response plans; and A framework for monitoring the strategy and revising it if necessary. The CHAP is the foundation for developing a Consolidated Appeal or, when crises break or natural disasters strike, a Flash Appeal. Under the leadership of the Humanitarian Coordinator, the CHAP is developed at the field level by the InterAgency Standing Committee (IASC) Country Team. This team mirrors the IASC structure at headquarters and includes UN agencies and standing invitees, i.e. the International Organization for Migration, the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, and NGOs that belong to ICVA, Interaction, or SCHR. NonIASC members, such as national NGOs, can be included, and other key stakeholders in humanitarian action, in particular host governments and donors, should be consulted. The Humanitarian Coordinator is responsible for the annual preparation of the consolidated appeal document. The document is launched globally each November to enhance advocacy and resource mobilisation. An update, known as the MidYear Review, is to be presented to donors in July Donors provide resources to appealing agencies directly in response to project proposals. The Financial Tracking Service (FTS), managed by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), is a database of donor contributions and can be found on In sum, the CAP works to provide people in need the best available protection and assistance, on time. ORGANISATIONS PARTICIPATING IN CONSOLIDATED APPEALS DURING 2007: AARREC AASAA ABS Abt Associates ACF/ACH/AAH ACTED ADRA Africare AGROSPHERE AHA ANERA ARCI ARM AVSI CADI CAM CARE CARITAS CCF CCIJD CEMIR Int l CENAP CESVI CHFI CINS CIRID CISV CL CONCERN COOPI CORD CPAR CRS CUAMM CW DCA DRC EMSF ERM EQUIP FAO GAA (DWH) GH GSLG HDO HI HISAN WEPA Horn Relief ILO INTERSOS IOM IRC IRD IRIN JVSF MALAO MCI MDA MDM MENTOR MERLIN NA NNA NRC OA OCHA OCPH ODAG OHCHR PARACOM PARC PHG PMRS PRCS PSI PU RFEP SADO SCUK SECADEV SFCG SNNC SOCADIDO Solidarités SP STF UNAIDS UNDP UNDSS UNESCO UNFPA UNHABITAT UNHCR UNICEF UNIFEM UNMAS UNODC UNRWA UPHB VETAID VIA VT WFP WHO WVI WR ZOARC

5 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... 1 Table I: Summary of Requirements By Appealing Organisation and By Sector INTRODUCTION IN REVIEW LESSONS LEARNED FUNDING OF THE CAP THE CONTEXT, HUMANITARIAN PRIORITIES AND RESPONSE THE CONTEXT AND ITS HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES Displacement and Social Marginalisation Lack of Basic Social Services Reintegration and Rehabilitation Human Rights and Protection Issues Poverty, Economic Disparities Vulnerable Groups SCENARIOS Most Likely Scenario Peace consolidated, humanitarian needs remain Best Case Scenario Peace and stability, inclusive social and economic recovery Worst Case Scenario Breakdown in security, humanitarian crisis STRATEGIC PRIORITIES FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE Provide Basic Social Services to Vulnerable Populations Revitalise Communities to Become Sustainable, Secure and Productive Strengthen the Capacity of Civil Society and Local Authorities to Support the Recovery Process Indicators RESPONSE PLANS HEALTH WATER & SANITATION PROTECTION FOOD SECURITY NUTRITION EDUCATION EARLY RECOVERY SUMMARY: STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE: LIBERIA COMMON HUMANITARIAN ACTION PLAN Table II. List of Projects by Sector Table III. List of Projects by Appealing Organisation SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL REQUIREMENTS BY CLUSTER/SECTOR PROJECT SUMMARIES HEALTH WATER & SANITATION PROTECTION FOOD SECURITY NUTRITION EDUCATION iii

6 7. ANNEXES INTERIM POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY (IPRS) THE CLUSTER APPROACH PROGRESS TOWARDS THE STRATEGIC PRIORITIES OF THE 2006 CAP FOR LIBERIA Provide basic social services to vulnerable populations Revitalise communities to become sustainable, secure and productive Strengthen capacity of civil society and local authorities to support the recovery process DONOR RESPONSE TO THE 2006 APPEAL ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS Please note that appeals are revised regularly. The latest version of this document is available on iv

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9 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Government of Liberia, with help from its partners, has made significant achievements over the past 12 months, moving the nation along a path of recovery and rehabilitation. However, given the extent of destruction from 14 years of civil strife, far too many Liberians remain in a state of high vulnerability. Though enshrined as basic rights for all, healthcare, safe water and appropriate sanitation, shelter and education remain out of reach for the majority of Liberians. Until rule of law institutions become fully functional, protection issues also remain a serious humanitarian concern. The Government is leading efforts to make major improvements in social services for all Liberians through a recovery and development agenda defined in the interim Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (iprsp). Within the overall context of the iprsp, urgent humanitarian needs must be highlighted. Government and the international community in Liberia are of the view that current levels of basic social services, achieved largely through the support of humanitarian actors, must at least be maintained in the near future as a foundation for recovery and development. This is highlighted in the Government s paper on Challenges of Transition from Relief to Development: Health, Education and Food Security. This Common Humanitarian Action Plan (CHAP) reflects these challenges and includes additional actions to minimise the gap between humanitarian action and development, as prioritised by Clusters of the InterAgency Standing Committee (IASC) Country Team. Under the leadership of the Humanitarian Coordinator, clusters are a partnership of all stakeholders at the field level including government line ministries. Humanitarian support required for Liberia for 2007 is estimated by the clusters at US$ million a first instalment towards addressing needs identified within the broader iprsp context. In some clusters, the cluster lead agency is shown as the appealing agency for all projects in that cluster or sector. These may represent consolidated projects where the cluster lead agency is seeking funds on behalf of a number of partners, as agreed locally. As the situation evolves, clusters and the IASC will continue to review whether it is preferable for cluster leads to receive and distribute funds, or for donors to fund implementing cluster partners directly, using the overall cluster response plan as a guide. Highlighted in this CHAP is the critical juncture that Liberia faces today. The democratically elected Government of President Ellen JohnsonSirleaf has embarked on an ambitious plan to improve governance and to strengthen national institutions. However, peace and stability remain threatened by a persistent lack of economic opportunities for numerous disaffected youth and demobilised excombatants. The regional security situation also has the potential to affect this nation s humanitarian, recovery, and development context. In 2007, humanitarian support in Liberia must continue in areas of high return for refugees and Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs), namely in Bomi, Lofa and Nimba counties. Needs are also highlighted for the largely neglected counties in Liberia s southeast: Grand Kru, River Cess, River Gee and Sinoe. Efforts will be made to ensure a rapid development of national capacity to monitor and address humanitarian issues and to support overall governmentled aid coordination as envisaged in the iprsp. Such sector coordination, under government leadership, is increasingly occurring and will subsume the work of the humanitarian clusters. The robust engagement of Liberia s NonGovernmental Organisation (NGO) community has helped ensure the breadth of geographical coverage of essential services and protection in Liberia to date. Access to health services is a key example, as more than 70% of health facilities currently rely on NGOs. The assisted refugee return process is expected to conclude in 2007 and a number of emergency NGOs will reduce activities. The projected gap resulting from the withdrawal of these agencies in 2007 is a serious concern across the humanitarian spectrum. 1 All dollar figures in this document are United States dollars. Funding for this appeal should be reported to the Financial Tracking Service (FTS, fts@reliefweb.int), which will display its requirements and funding on the CAP 2007 page. 1

10 For 2007, strategic humanitarian priorities remain broadly the same as in These are: The provision of basic social services to vulnerable populations; Revitalisation of returnee communities for security and productive livelihoods; Strengthening the capacity of civil society and local authorities. The humanitarian community in Liberia expresses thanks to donors for more than $70 million provided for urgent humanitarian needs through the 2006 Consolidated Appeals Process (CAP). Table I: Summary of Requirements By Appealing Organisation and By Sector Common Humanitarian Action Plan for Liberia 2007 Summary of Requirements by Sector as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Sector Name AGRICULTURE EDUCATION HEALTH MULTISECTOR PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW WATER AND SANITATION Original Requirements (US$) 10,700,000 3,536,000 43,703,000 32,265,201 20,628,960 5,958,152 Grand Total 116,791,313 Common Humanitarian Action Plan for Liberia 2007 Summary of Requirements By Appealing Organisation as of 09 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Appealing Organisation ADRA CCF ECREP EQUIP Liberia FAO IRC LWF PWJ Samaritan's Purse UNESCO UNHCR UNICEF WHO ZOA Refugee Care Grand Total Original Requirements (US$) 320,000 1,716, , ,916 10,700, , , , , ,000 39,606,161 20,736,875 41,000, , ,791,313 The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 2

11 1. INTRODUCTION The CHAP is a strategic plan for humanitarian response in Liberia. It includes a common analysis of the current postconflict context, accounting for the significant progress made towards recovery and development, and highlighting remaining humanitarian needs. This effort is intended as support to the overall efforts of the Government as articulated in the iprsp with the specific intention of avoiding a gap in transition from emergency to development support. Under the leadership of the Humanitarian Coordinator, the CHAP has been developed at the field level by the IASC Country Team through the Cluster Approach. Clusters bring together expertise in a focussed partnership with government line ministries, the UN, and international and national NGOs. The CHAP is divided into five main sections. The first section reviews the previous year and outlines lessons learned and achievements. The second section describes the context in which the plan has been developed and within which the priorities are selected and a response is proposed. Following this, the third section details a strategic framework for humanitarian response with a fourth section providing a summary of the financial requirements by cluster and/or thematic sector. The fifth and final section provides a breakdown of proposed project activities by thematic sector, with specific details by agency, subactivity, and project duration. Related project summaries are then presented in the annex. The Liberia CHAP is complemented by the West Africa 2007 CAP launched in November 2006 to the extent that regional humanitarian programmes in the areas of food, child protection and return of refugees from neighbouring countries for World Food Programme (WFP), United Nations Children s Fund (UNICEF) and United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) have been included in the regional appeal. 3

12 IN REVIEW The inauguration of the Government of President Ellen JohnsonSirleaf, the first elected female Head of State in Africa, on 16 January 2006 following national elections was an important landmark, amongst important positive developments in The apprehension and transfer of former President Charles Taylor and the commencement of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) are also significant developments. The Governance and Economic Management and Assistance Programme (GEMAP) began implementation in earnest and other measures aimed at improving financial management; accountability and transparency were also put in place. The restoration and consolidation of state authority began with the appointment and deployment of local government officials across the country. This effort was aided by the establishment of United Nationsled County Support Teams (CSTs) providing capacity development support for local government to advance recovery and development planning. The Government also began developing policies and programmes aimed at addressing recovery and development. The Liberia Reconstruction and Development Committee (LRDC) was established within the Office of the President to provide oversight and guidance to this process. Shortly after taking office the President developed and successfully implemented a 150day plan to address some of the immediate needs and also to demonstrate its ability to deliver on election pledges. The Government also developed an iprsp to address the country s endemic poverty issues (see Annex 7.1) and to build the foundation for development. The year 2006 also witnessed the successful completion of the return process for IDPs. This effort was led by the Government through the Liberian Refugee Repatriation and Resettlement Commission (LRRRC) and supported by the UN, NGOs, and donors through an IDP Consultative Forum (ICF). By the end of June 2006, some 321,000 IDPs had been assisted to return 2. Through joint efforts more than 30 IDP camps were then dismantled and the campsites rehabilitated. A residual caseload of about 5,500 IDPs was identified as part of the camp closure process. In the course of 2006 some 42,930 refugees have been assisted to return while some 36,572 registered refugees have returned spontaneously, leaving 110,781 registered refugees yet to return 3. Despite these positive developments, however, the majority of the Liberian population remains without access to adequate basic services including healthcare, safe drinking water, shelter, and education. Furthermore, high levels of vulnerability and insecurity persist. The lack of economic opportunities and sustainable livelihoods for the population, particularly youth, remains a concern for peace and stability in the country. Some 39,168 excombatants are yet to be reintegrated though such activities are scheduled for Failure to address these needs may impact stability and, moreover, the prospects for future development in the country. With only 50% of the revised funding requirements being met (see Table A), the objectives in the 2006 CAP for Liberia have only been partially met. Improvements have, however, been made in number of areas with a bearing on service delivery. The Humanitarian Reform Process has had a positive impact on the humanitarian response in Liberia through both the Cluster Approach (see Annex 7.2) and the allocation of funding from the Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) (see Box 1). Moreover, humanitarian action is better supported with improved data collection and analysis, concomitantly increasing the potential for improved planning and bettertargeted service delivery. The strategic priorities broadly agreed upon in the 2006 CAP will remain largely unchanged in 2007 to consolidate efforts that have been undertaken (see Annex 7.3 for more details on progress towards the three strategic priorities for the 2006 CAP). The security situation and political stability in Liberia, while calm, continues to rely on the United Nations Mission in Liberia Force (UNMIL). Political developments in the region, particularly with regard to the situation in Côte d Ivoire and Guinea, could be sources of instability. Contingency plans have been developed to respond to up to 100,000 refugees who may seek refuge in Liberia should the peace process in Côte d Ivoire collapse and fighting reemerge. Likewise, the political situation in Guinea remains volatile, as illustrated by strikes and protests witnessed throughout 2006, and also given that there is no clear process for succession of leadership in Guinea. Given the potential for political instability in Guinea contingency planning activities have therefore been initiated. 2 The number of IDPs initially registered was 314, The initial number of refugees was 234,264. 4

13 In the absence of fully functional rule of law institutions, protection continues to be a matter of concern. UNMIL s fourth public report on the human rights situation in Liberia highlighted the human rights violations by law enforcement and judicial personnel, the human rights situation in rubber plantations and issues related to the protection of child rights. The report also highlighted the high rates of sexual and genderbased violence, particularly involving child victims, and the effect of harmful traditional practices on the enjoyment of human rights 4. There continues to be a gap in availability of comprehensive and reliable data on the humanitarian situation in Liberia. The Comprehensive Food Security and Nutrition Survey (CFSNS) conducted by the Government of Liberia in collaboration with the UN and NGOs found that up to 90% of Liberia s population is vulnerable to food insecurity. Of these 50% were highly vulnerable and 10% were classified as foodinsecure. Findings of the survey also indicate that 39% of children covered by the survey are stunted, and the rates of stunting exceed 40% in nine counties, which is critical according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Furthermore, the survey found that close to 7% of children suffer from acute malnutrition and that in some counties this exceeds 10%, which is considered serious by the WHO. Oneyearold children showed the highest rates of malnutrition at 12% 5. Also, Liberia remains one of the most foodinsecure countries in the region, where external shocks are likely to affect food security. 2.1 LESSONS LEARNED In 2006 Liberia continued the transition from addressing immediate humanitarian needs towards recovery, reconstruction and the beginnings of development. The issuance of the iprsp demonstrates that the Government is moving to embrace a development agenda. But as the development process continues to advance in 2007, urgent humanitarian needs still remain to be addressed. A fundamental challenge facing humanitarian partners at large in the region is of finding ways to adequately advocate for and respond to humanitarian situations beyond agreed upon emergency thresholds, where the underlying causes are born out of lack of development rather than related to extraordinary external shocks. 6 Another key lesson was that the focus on areas of high displacement and return led to a skewed distribution of humanitarian action and, as a result, some areas with high needs were neglected. This particularly applies to the southeastern region of the country. Few humanitarian actors are operating in these areas, partially because of the focus on the returns process, and trying to make it sustainable, but even more so because of the lack of accessibility. Important lessons were also learned in terms of how humanitarian coordination is undertaken. The decision to undertake a CAP for 2006, the Humanitarian Reform Process through the adoption of the Cluster Approach and the allocation of CERF funding have all contributed to bringing the humanitarian community closer. In the absence of a framework for addressing humanitarian issues, the CAP for 2006 filled an important void. The CAP served to bring humanitarian actors and the Government around the table to jointly address humanitarian issues. In the context of the CAP, many NGOs saw the value of the process of an increased dialogue on principles and priorities through joint screening of the projects proposed for the CAP. NGOs perceived the process as a forum where they were on an equal footing with UN agencies. The process also reinvigorated some sector working groups that had either been dormant or were not working effectively. Though there were teething problems concerning the introduction of the Cluster Approach in 2006, the Cluster Approach provided further impetus for closer sectoral coordination and improved the focus and response of some clusters. Individual clusters articulated their humanitarian response in Cluster Action Plans and Terms of References. A key lesson learned was that for Clusters to operate effectively there has to be a commitment of resources by the Cluster Leads to take on a leadership and coordination role, as well as a commitment from cluster participants to engage in a partnership. 4 Quarterly Report, Human Rights and Protection Section, UNMIL, October Comprehensive Food and Nutrition Survey, Government of Liberia et al, August Regional CAP for West Africa

14 The transitional status of Liberia underlined the need to involve the Government in Cluster coordination at an early stage through Ministry participation and leadership. For some Clusters, however, such as Water/Sanitation (WATSAN), there is no clear Government counterpart. With the iprsp now in place and with increasing government ownership of the development process, it is envisaged that the Cluster coordination will be absorbed, or transformed, into coordination mechanisms led by the Government. The Cluster Approach served as an efficient mechanism to determine priorities and implementing capacity for the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)administered CERF funding allocated to Liberia in August. As part of this process, the Health, WATSAN and Food Security Clusters selected 24 UN and NGO projects from both national and international NGOs. Respective Cluster leads (WHO, UNICEF and FAO) channelled the UN OCHA funding directly to implementing partners. This approach was endorsed by the IASC Country Team, and these projects are currently being implemented. In addition to the CERF s role as a useful tool to fill gaps for priority lifesaving projects, the process helped develop a shared and coordinated approach to addressing humanitarian needs, strengthening the IASC Country Team as a new mechanism, and consolidating the effective leadership of the three UN agencies in their respective roles as Cluster Leads. In the span of 2007, cluster coordination will transition to Governmentled sector coordination where appropriate. A discussion is needed, however, to determine how the architecture of the Cluster Approach is to be maintained as a mechanism for emergency preparedness and response. In this respect, key early warning indicators should be identified to determine both preparedness and response planning at the national and subregional levels and feed into contingency planning within the framework of the Cluster Approach. Only a portion of the needs of Liberia for issues such as transition, postconflict recovery and livelihoods, are addressed within the current CAP through the West Africa CAP. Continued efforts by development actors, coordinated through effective dialogue and joint planning linking to the LRDC and the Poverty Reduction Strategy, will facilitate the efficient and timely establishment of appropriate humanitarian exit strategies. Only a portion of the needs of Liberia for issues such as transition, postconflict recovery and livelihoods, are addressed within the current CAP through the West Africa CAP. Continued efforts by development actors, coordinated through effective dialogue and joint planning linking to the LRDC and the Poverty Reduction Strategy will facilitate the efficient and timely establishment of appropriate humanitarian exit strategies. Box 1 CENTRAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE FUND (CERF) As one of the chronic underfunded emergencies, Liberia was allocated $4 million from OCHA s newly established CERF in 2006 for projects to address critical humanitarian needs, at the same time promoting early action and response, enhancing response to timecritical requirements and strengthening core elements of humanitarian response. The projects are to be completed by June Implementing partners in Liberia are, however, aiming to complete projects by the end of March The InterAgency Standing Committee Country Team (IASC CT) and the Cluster Approach were utilised to determine needs and allocations to projects. A total of 24 projects were identified most which were NGO projects through the lead agencies WHO, UNICEF and FAO. The funds were allocated to the following Clusters: Health ($2 million), Wat/San ($1 million) and Food Security/Agriculture ($1 million). Among the implementing partners in Liberia are organisations such as Africa Humanitarian Action (AHA), Malaria Emergency Network for Technical and Operational Response (MENTOR), Northwest Medical Teams (NWMT), Paradigm of Consciousness Ministries Inc. (PARACOM), International Medical Corps (IMC), International Rescue Committee (IRC), Save the Children United Kingdom (SC UK), ZOA Refugee Care, TEARFUND, EQUIP, Lutheran World Federation (LWF), Evangelical Children Rehabilitation Programme (ECREP), Samaritan s Purse and Christian Children s Fund (CCF) as well as the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and WHO. The projects cover a wide range of humanitarian activities including: Primary Health Care delivery services, measles immunisation campaigns, maintenance/ repair of water and sanitation facilities, food and seeds distribution, and emergency pest control. 6

15 2.2 FUNDING OF THE CAP 2006 LIBERIA The Financial Tracking Service (FTS) of UN OCHA reported that, as of 9 February 2007, contributions and commitments amounted to $72,633,987 (see Table A below). The initial requested requirements in November 2006 amounted to $120,991,657 and the revised MidYear Review requirements amounted to $145,191,413. The lack of funding received for the CAP qualified Liberia for funding through the CERF underfunded CAP mechanism (See Box 1), receiving a total of $4,000,000. This allocation is included in the total CAP allocation figure. The contributions and commitments thus amounted to 50% of requirements. The clusters/sectors receiving the highest relative amount of funding were Agriculture, WatSan, and Coordination, receiving 44%, 41% and 42% of the funding requirement respectively. Only 13% of the health sector requirement was funded, even counting a $2,000,000 allocation through the CERF; without CERF funding, only 7.8% of the requirement would have been met. The OCHA FTS recorded a further $36,226,849 provided for Liberia outside the CAP. The total allocations for humanitarian assistance for Liberia, as reported to FTS by donors or recipient agencies, thus amounted to $108,860,836. It is unlikely that this captures all humanitarian assistance provided for Liberia. Additionally, funding was provided for Liberia through the funds contributed towards the 2006 West Africa Regional CAP as part of e.g. WFP s food request to meet the food requirements for the region. It is difficult to get a comprehensive picture of the sectoral allocations of the funding outside the Liberia 2006 CAP, as much of the funding is allocated in blocks to organisations rather than enumerated for specific purposes. Table A: Funding commitments/contribution obtained by sector, drawn from FTS of OCHA as of 9 February 2007 are as follows 7 : Sectors Amount requested in $ Percentage Amount received in $ (Revised) received Agriculture 9,597,921 4,183,607 44% Coordination and support services 1,326, ,172 42% Economic Recovery and Infrastructure 11,300,250 4,302,719 38% Education 4,883,482 1,828,164 37% Health 39,318,480 5,060,089 13% Multisector 46,620,010 44,513,174 95% Protection Human Rights 13,414,258 4,680,975 35% Sector no yet specified 2,495,808 Shelter/Nonfood items 6,370, % Water and Sanitation 12,359,753 5,016,279 41% Total 145,191,413 72,633,987 50%* * Total funding received as a percentage of total requirements only. 7 Data on 2006 humanitarian funding for Liberia (CAP and other) are available in the annex. For more data, consult OCHA's FTS website on 7

16 3. THE CONTEXT, HUMANITARIAN PRIORITIES AND RESPONSE 3.1 THE CONTEXT AND ITS HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES The President of Liberia, Mme. Ellen JohnsonSirleaf, when inaugurated into office in January 2006, inherited the enormous challenge of rebuilding a country devastated by 14 years of civil war. The war not only cost as many as 270,000 lives, but also tore apart the social fabric of the country displacing close to a third of the country s population of three million. Economic and social infrastructure, already inadequate before the war, was left in tatters. Furthermore, the Administration of Madame JohnsonSirleaf came to power against a backdrop of a population that remained deeply distrustful of government and public institutions, given the high levels of corruption, impunity and lack of accountability demonstrated by many of those in positions of power. The new Government also inherited a political and economic system characterised by the lack of sound governance, corruption, absent or ineffectual rule of law institutions, endemic abuses of human rights and severely inadequate provision of basic social services. In addition, the reestablishment of civil, social, and economic structures through the National Transitional Government of Liberia (NTGL) had been very slow, if not inadequate. Establishing a system for the sustainable delivery of basic social services will be a key challenge for the Government, which has limited resources and an annual budget of no more than $129 mil2lion. The Government made headway in terms of delivering on its election promises through the 150Day Plan, aimed at restoring some very visible services. However, its ability to address issues of corruption, transparency, and accountability, as well as to deliver basic social services, may determine the population s confidence and trust in government and public institutions over the next year. While recovery takes time, expectations of the Government remain very high and the population s patience is finite. One of the keys to stability will be the country s ability to provide employment opportunities, particularly for its youth. UNMIL will continue to serve as the main guarantor of a secure operating environment for humanitarian actors, and will continue its support to humanitarian activities. Although UNMIL, through the Humanitarian Coordination Section, will continue to provide humanitarian coordination, these services will scale down in It is assumed that the Government of Liberia will increasingly take over the responsibility of humanitarian coordination, together with development actors over the course of Displacement and Social Marginalisation The levels of social disruption in Liberia resulting from the war are profound. The vast majority of Liberians were affected one way or another. The combined total of registered displaced persons amounted to 554,264 people, of which 233,264 were refugees and 321,000 IDPs respectively. The CFSNS, however, indicated that up to 80% of the rural population had been displaced at some stage of the 14year conflict. 8

17 Figure 1: Returnee Areas (Numbers of returnees as of 15 November 2006) County Returnees Bomi 95,771 Bong 47,133 Gbarpolu 20,545 Grand Bassa 8,221 Grand Cape Mount 23,801 Grand Gedeh 2,120 Grand Kru 683 Lofa 169,706 Margibi 2,596 Maryland 9,524 Montserrado 13,062 Nimba 12,300 River Cess 3,979 River Gee 286 Sinoe 3,853 By April 2006 the majority of the 321,000 registered IDPs in Liberia had been assisted to return. An estimated 20,000 people are, however, yet to vacate the dismantled campsites. Some 600 of this group have been identified as having special needs, including the elderly, femaleheaded households, widows, and the sick. These individuals are not represented in the WFP feeding logs. The successful return and reintegration of refugees and IDPs as well as the reintegration of excombatants is a high priority. Linked to this is the revitalisation of communities, including providing opportunities for selfsufficiency through income generation and building capacity for livelihoods. Agricultural production and postconflict peacebuilding activities are also key activities in this regard. 9

18 Figure 2: Remaining Liberian Refugees in West Africa (15 November 2006) Country Residual Cote d'ivoire Ghana Guinea Nigeria 5160 Sierra Leone Refugee return is a continuing humanitarian issue. The return of refugees gathered momentum following the inauguration of the elected Government. However, appalling road conditions and heavy rainfall in Liberia have been factors affecting the pace of return. As of 31 December 2006, more than 85,911 refugees had been assisted to return home voluntarily and an additional 110,781 Liberians were still in exile. Some 36,572 registered refugees have returned unassisted 8. Those choosing to return will receive assistance in the form of food, transportation grants and repatriation packages, while others will benefit from local integration assistance. UNHCR expects the assisted refugee return process to be completed by the end of June A key challenge that remains is to successfully reintegrate displaced populations in communities in their areas of return and at the same time meeting the most urgent needs of these communities. The influx of the displaced back to their areas of return has already and will in the future strain the already inadequate basic social services provided in these areas. Unless basic social services are provided and opportunities for sustainable livelihoods are generated in areas of return, there is a strong possibility that returning populations will migrate towards urban centres. Liberia is also host to more than 16,000 9 refugees who have sought asylum in Liberia from conflicts and insecurity in the region Lack of Basic Social Services Given the limited resources available to the Liberian Government, it will be a long time before the Government can provide basic social services for all. It is also unlikely that the country will achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for poverty reduction, gender equality, child mortality, maternal health, HIV/AIDS, and other diseases 23. Though gradual improvements are taking place (the number of health facilities have increased from 280 to 389 functioning health facilities), rural communities have limited access to health services. For example, less than 20% of the communities covered by the CFSNS reported the presence of a functional health facility. In some counties only 5% of the communities had functional health facilities The assisted returns process started in October 2004 (UNHCR, January 2007). 9 UNHCR Liberia, December CFSNS, Government of Liberia with partners, 2006, the latter refers to Grand Bassa, Sinoe, Grand Kru, River Cess, Margibi and Grand Cape Mount counties. 10

19 The majority of health facilities (70%) depend on NGO assistance to be able to operate. Many of the key facilities are operated by medical NGOs who provide assistance in humanitarian crises only. These NGOs will therefore scale down their activities in 2007, 11 generating a transitional gap between emergency assistance and recovery and development efforts. If these gaps are not addressed the present level of coverage and quality of services w2ill deteriorate. The Government s ability to cover the resultant gaps in the provision of basic social services will be very limited, though it is in the process of mapping these gaps (for further analysis see the Government of Liberia s paper on the transitional challenges in the health, food security and education sectors) 12. The transitional funding gap combined with the scalingdown of NGO activities, as well as the already inadequate provision of health services, may have severe implications on already high levels of morbidity and mortality described later in the text (see box 2). Box 2 The Transitional GAP in the Health Sector The Minister of Health and Social Welfare is urging Donors and NGOs to maintain an active and engaging role in the Liberian health sector at least until December 2008 to assist in reforming and growing the capacity of the Liberian healthcare delivery system. The state of the present provision of health care is underlined by a recent UNICEF Liberia investment case simulation stating that given the very low health system functioning in Liberia, the impact of maintaining the current coverage is not very different from that of a worst case scenario of less than 10% coverage (UNICEF, 2006) Avoiding the transitional gap in this sector is a big challenge given that in % (300 out of 389) of the Country s functioning health facilities were either assisted or run by NGOs. If these services currently being provided through emergency assistance were discontinued, twothirds of the population could be affected 1. This is due to the scaling down of activities by NGOs with a mandate is to provide medical assistance in humanitarian crises only. If alternative service providers are not identified to cover the gap, the already very poor healthcare coverage in Liberia will further deteriorate. Challenges include: Maintaining the current level of service provision; Continuing supply of essential drugs; Building the capacity of local health workers and administrators; Ensuring the continuation of payment of salaries for existing health staff; Closing the gap in data and information management in the health sector. The recent CFSNS estimate that only 32% of rural households have access to safe drinking water and only 24% have access to sanitary facilities 13. This compares poorly with other SubSaharan African countries where the equivalent figures are 57% and 36% respectively. This combined with lack of health care services and food security leaves it as no surprise that Liberia has the fifth highest rate of underfive mortality in the world at 235 deaths per 1,000 births and also has equally appalling figures for child morbidity and other measures of mortality. Infant mortality is also significantly higher in Liberia at 157 per 1,000 births compared to 102 in SubSaharan Africa and 98 in the least developed countries. Maternal mortality also remains high at 760 deaths per 100,000 births, equivalent to a 1 in 16 risk of dying at childbirth 14. Malaria and diarrhoea are the two leading causes of child morbidity accounting for 42 and 22% respectively of total child morbidity. Life expectancy currently stands at 42 years, which is considerably lower than that of the SubSaharan average of 46 years and that of the least developed countries at 52 years 15. There is a paucity of reliable data for most social indicators, typified by the Government s draft National Health Plan quoting HIV/AIDS prevalence at somewhere between 2 and 12% 16. The overall and prolonged decline in social sector delivery is also reflected in the education sector. Three quarters of schools were damaged during the conflict and less than 40% of teachers are qualified as such. The majority of public schools lack teaching materials and qualified staff, and most public schools in the rural areas are dilapidated, needing major renovation or reconstruction. Because of a lack of facilities, less than 50% of primary school age children are estimated to be in school. 11 Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, November GoL, Challenges of Transition from Relief to Development: health Education and Food Security, January IPRSP, GoL, State of the World s Children, UNICEF State of the World s Children, UNICEF GoL, Draft National Health Plan, MOHSW November

20 There are also gender imbalances in school enrolment: of the net enrolment,, 24% of girls are enrolled compared to 30% of boys. Moreover, only 35% of the boys and 27% of girls who enrol in grade one complete grade five. This data also shows that many more girls drop out of schools than boys. The disparity in adult literacy rates, 50% for men and 26% for women, by the same token serves to illustrate the unequal relationship between men and women 17. The lack of data and capacity within national institutions addressing basic needs have led to what the iprsp calls a significant policy gap. The paper states that: Capacity for systematically conducting diagnostics, identifying appropriate policy options and agreeing and comply with specific policy formulations has been severely lacking in virtually all national institutions and agencies. This has contributed to excessive, hastily and poorly designed policies and laws particularly hard hit in this regard have been social sector policies, especially in the areas of education, health, environment and governance itself. 18 Despite the end of the humanitarian crises, there remain urgent humanitarian needs across Liberia. The lack of basic social infrastructures is not isolated to any county or region. Nonetheless, the key returns areas and the areas difficult to access for humanitarian actors indicate the need to prioritise these areas. The paucity of data on service ratios and quality of services underlines the need for further data collection and needs analysis to provide better prioritisation and targeting of humanitarian action. Likewise, the need to integrate humanitarian concerns in recovery and development planning remains paramount. Access to vulnerable populations remains a critical issue. Road rehabilitation and reconstruction activities should, therefore, factor in access to basic social services as one of the key criteria in term2s of prioritisation. It is also imperative that this transitional gap be funded to avert a reversal of the progress made to date. Continued funding of humanitarian priorities will hold the key to consolidating and expanding the gains of peace Reintegration and Rehabilitation As of 27 October ,876 beneficiaries had completed their reintegration and rehabilitation programmes. Another 26,956 were at that time enrolled in projects. Of the total caseload, 62,834 have been assigned to programmes funded by the UNDP Trust Fund and the remainder is covered by parallel programmes that are funded and implemented by other partner organisations. UNICEF coordinates reintegration and rehabilitation assistance provided to the more than 10,000 children associated with the fighting forces. UNICEF had by end October 2006 provided reintegration assistance to about 75% of these children caseload. It is expected that activities under the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Trust Fund Programme will be completed by June 2007, by which time all targeted beneficiaries will have completed or have been enrolled in reintegration and rehabilitation projects. Those enrolled in formal education, such as the UNICEFsupported threeyear Accelerated Learning Programme (ALP), will complete activities beyond the Trust Fund timeframe. A residual caseload of 39,168 excombatants is scheduled to take part in rehabilitation and reintegration programmes in Rehabilitating and reintegrating excombatants and providing meaningful and sustainable livelihoods for this group (including sufficient access to basic social services and communitybased conflict resolution and peacebuilding programmes), will be a key component to ensure enduring peace and security. More importantly, if employment opportunities are not available at the end of reintegration and rehabilitation activities, there is a danger that many of them will revert to violence and lawlessness familiar to them from the time of conflict. 21 Likewise, the lack of economic opportunities, endemic poverty, and unequal access to economic assets and opportunities may also provide fertile ground for a resurgence of conflict. In an economy where unemployment rates are high especially amongst youth, providing employment opportunities to the population, let alone excombatants, will be a huge challenge, as the longterm success of reintegration will largely hinge on creating economic opportunities within the communities they have returned to, or are intending to return to. 17 IPRSP, GoL, IPRSP, GoL, Liberia 2006, Consolidated Appeals Process (CAP). 20 UNMIL RRR and UNDP Joint Implementation Unit, Common Country Assessment Liberia, June 2006, United Nations. 12

21 3.1.4 Human Rights and Protection Issues Although Liberia has made significant progress towards the fulfilment of its international human rights obligations, including recent developments in the education sector, the reassertion of state authority in rubber plantations 22, serious protection and human rights concerns remain. The history of widespread violation and abuse of human rights and international humanitarian law during the 14year conflict is still to be comprehensively addressed. The forthcoming prosecution of Charles Taylor at the Special Court in Sierra Leone is a positive step, but will only marginally address impunity for crimes committed in Liberia. The TRC for Liberia, inaugurated in June 2006, mandated to go into the root causes of conflict between 1979 and 2003 will play an important and integral part of the national reconciliation, healing and recovery process. The TRC process has been slow to rollout and it is a serious concern that the process is hamstrung by lack of financial and logistical resources, particularly given that its mandate is limited to two years. Likewise, the Independent National Commission for Human Rights (INCHR), mandated through the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2003 to ensure that the rights of all Liberians are protected, is yet to be appointed. Though there have been positive steps in terms of addressing sexual and genderbased violence, most notably in terms amending the definition and penalties for rape in the Penal Law, the law appears to have little impact on the prevalence of rape in Liberia, including the rape of the minors. It is regrettable that there has been little change in the situation faced by the vulnerable enumerated in last year s report particularly children which include: harmful traditional practices (early marriage, arranged marriage, female genital mutilation etc), trafficking, child prostitution, child abuse and exploitation, forced recruitment, abduction, arbitrary and illegal deprivation of liberty. 23 Reports of GenderBased Violence (GBV) and abuse of minors continue to be received from all parts of the country. The extent of sexual violence is illustrated by the results of a Government survey conducted in 2005 and 2006 interviewing 1,600 women covering 10 of Liberia s 15 counties indicating that 92% of the women interviewed had experienced some form of sexual violence, including rape. It may be that survivors are more likely today to talk about or report sexual violence they have been subjected to, as indicated by the Deputy Minister for Gender and Development, Anne Jones Demen in a recent interview with the Integrated Regional Information Network (IRIN) 24. In response to the increasing trend of GBV in Liberia, a GBV Secretariat has been established at the Ministry of Gender and Development (MDG), with support of UNFPA, to enhance the coordination of GBV throughout the country, and with a view to coordinate the implementation of the GBV National Plan of Action, which was launched in December 2006 by the President of Liberia. The plan covers activities related to the five sectors: Medical, Psychosocial, Legal/Justice, Security/Protection and Economic (women empowerment) sectors in response to the multidimensional and holistic approach needed to tackle Gender Based Violence in the country. The Government of Liberia is taking a more proactive role in addressing protection and human rights issues, as witnessed in the Ministry of Gender and Development (MGD) taking on the management and coordination of GBV and Child Protection Networks. Likewise, the MGD is working to increase awareness on these issues, as witnessed by the December 2006 Sexual Exploitation and Abuse awareness campaign. It is of concern, however, that even if victims of rape and sexual violence are more likely to come forward, very few rape cases have been tried under the law addressing rape to date 25. Rule of law institutions continue to be weak or absent in many parts of the country. These institutions are undermined by lack of skilled personnel, poor infrastructure and logistical problems. If not addressed, an apparent culture of impunity created by the conflict will prevail. It is of little use to have a legislative framework and public awareness on these issues if there is no ability on the side of rule of law institutions to provide protection and to persecute and prosecute abuses. 22 UNMIL press release, 22 November 2006, United Nations Expert on the Protection and Promotion of Human Rights Concludes Her Visit to Liberia. 23 Consolidated Appeal Process for Liberia 2006, United Nations, Health Lacking for Abused Women, IRIN, 4 December UNMIL press release, 22 November 2006, United Nations Expert on the Protection and Promotion of Human Rights Concludes Her Visit to Liberia. 13

22 3.1.5 Poverty, Economic Disparities The war in Liberia had a devastating effect on the Liberian economy perhaps best illustrated by the drastic reduction in GDP per capita in the period 1980 to In this period the GDP per capita declined from $1,269 to $ Needless to say, the effect on people s lives has been profound. UNDP estimates that 76.2% of the population live in absolute poverty and that a further 52% live in extreme poverty 27. Liberia today, ranks among the poorest and least developed countries in the world. Poverty, food insecurity, and lack of access to basic services were catalysts in the Liberian conflict. In turn, the war increased economic hardship and devastated means of economic production. In particular the impact was severe on agriculture, which accounts for 70% of employment in Liberia 28, disrupting not only employment but also food security. The agricultural sector is still dormant and there are indications that youth no longer consider it a viable livelihood option as only 4% of excombatants have indicated that they will seek employment in agriculture 30. With less than 10% of the arable land in cultivation, there is ample potential to redress the endemic food insecurity situation. Lack of employment opportunities and economic hardship in rural areas may also lead to rural populations migrating to urban areas, exacerbating the problems already faced from inadequate services and infrastructure there. WFP estimates that more than 683,000 people will be in need of food assistance in 2007 (excluding food for work and training activities). Continued economic hardship, combined with regional instability, may yet again lead Liberia to be a recruitment ground for regional conflicts and may destabilise a fragile peace in Liberia. The interim iprsp for Liberia points to two key contributing factors engendering conflict in Liberia, namely the systematic exclusion and marginalisation from institutions of political governance and lack of access to key economic assets for the majority of the population. The paper also states that land and property rights were severely limited further marginalising the population. This was coupled with a highly centralised Government and urban bias that concentrated investment in infrastructure and basic services in urban areas. As a result, even before the war, infrastructure and provision of basic social services was deplorable. Income levels are only one dimension of poverty. Other dimensions include whether basic needs are met, opportunity for sustainable livelihoods, social exclusion and measures of vulnerability, as well as urban to rural disparities. It is difficult to gauge levels of unemployment in Liberia the iprsp quotes an estimate of 85% in the formal sector. Poverty is endemic in both rural and urban areas. There is a notable differential between rural and urban poverty the iprsp states that some 86% of rural populations live in poverty and that of these, 64% live in extreme poverty. In comparison, in urban areas, 75% of the population live in poverty of which 40% live in extreme poverty. In Monrovia, 50% of the population fall below the poverty line, of which 22% live in severe poverty 31. Poverty in rural areas is exacerbated by the lack of basic services and adequate shelter and very limited opportunities for any monetary income as they survive by subsistence farming. Furthermore, the majority of farmers are women who have had few opportunities to develop more advanced farming mechanisms, and thus will remain below the national poverty line without targeted assistance. The poverty experienced by a majority of Liberia s population will no doubt have a profound effect on people s coping mechanisms, health, security, and personal development. It should also be remembered that economic inequities and disenfranchisement in the past helped fuel the conflict. The absence of economic opportunity could, therefore, lead to future political instability. It should be noted that the narrow measure of a monetary value on poverty does not capture other aspects of social deprivation, such as the lack of shelter, social acceptance in the community, or vulnerability to exploitation. Women and children in poverty are particularly vulnerable to sexual exploitation and abuse given their situation and several reports in the course of 2006 have highlighted the problem of widespread sexual exploitation and abuse. 26 Both figures are at 2005 prices. Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy: Breaking with the Past: From Conflict to Development, Government of Liberia, December This refers to populations living on $1 or $0.5 respectively, National Human Development Report Liberia 2006, UNDP. 28 Common Country Assessment Liberia, June 2006, United Nations. 29 Common Country Assessment Liberia, June 2006, United Nations. 30 Common Country Assessment Liberia, June 2006, United Nations. 31 Poverty lined is defined as living on the equivalent of $1 per person per day, severe poverty is defined as those living on $0.5 per day, IPRSP, GoL December

23 3.1.6 Vulnerable Groups Given the nature and scale of the conflict in Liberia virtually the entire population of the country was affected in one way or another. Poverty, the lack of access to basic services, food insecurity and the lack of effective rule of law institutions leave a large number of Liberians vulnerable (see Figure 2). Many of the factors that cause populations to be vulnerable interact and compound the effect of vulnerability. It is often difficult to single out specific groups in an environment where vulnerability is ambient. Changes and improvements in the status of vulnerable groups since last year are difficult to describe and measure, given the paucity of baseline data. Vulnerable groups enumerated in this report are, therefore, very much the same as those who were identified in last year s report. This is with the exception of IDPs, as the IDP returns process has been completed. Returnees may, however, remain vulnerable as they may face problems with gaining access to land, securing sustainable livelihoods, and reintegrating. Should a transitional gap occur diminishing an already threadbare provision of basic social services, the result will undoubtedly be increased vulnerability for the populations described below. Table B: Vulnerable Groups in Liberia Population group Analysis of vulnerability since 2006 Returnees and refugees in Populations that have recently returned, or will be returning in 2007, will depend Liberia on external assistance to establish livelihoods and reintegrate within their communities of return. Likewise many refugees in Liberia will continue to rely Population living in extreme poverty Children and Youth Rural communities Women on external assistance in 2007 to reduce their vulnerability. The very high levels of poverty in Liberia, as quoted above, and the lack of sustainable livelihoods leaves a large proportion of Liberia s population dependent on external assistance in food aid and other types of emergency assistance. The very high levels of infant and underfive mortality gives a clear indication of the vulnerability of children. Likewise, the figures from CFSNS show that malnutrition is widespread: 6.9% of children under five suffer from acute malnutrition, in some counties the rates passes 10% considered serious by the WHO. For one year olds the rate of malnutrition is 10% 32. Lack of education, lack of life skills training, high levels of poverty and unemployment also leave the young vulnerable to several forms of exploitation. Rural communities, particularly those that cannot be accessed by road, are vulnerable because of their lack of access to basic social services and livelihoods. These communities coping mechanisms will be further stretch with an influx of returnees. Women in Liberia continue to suffer from sexual and gender based violence, propagated by the conflict and the lack of protection from rule of law institutions. Likewise girl children, as reflected in the above enrolment data, continue to be provided less opportunity than boys in terms of educational opportunities. Furthermore, women lack equal opportunities to skills training and economic assistance, as well as employment opportunities in both public and private sectors. Considering that women lead many Liberian households, this has a significant impact on the family s ability to cope. The CHAP for Liberia whilst addressing immediate humanitarian needs recognises and is informed by the Government s recovery and development agenda to ensure the sustainability of humanitarian efforts. The following schematic describes their relationship. The CHAP is informed by and is in support of Government s efforts to provide basic social services through, inter alia, the iprsp. In this respect the CHAP will need to be coherent with UN and World Bank strategies for 2007 aimed at building the foundation for future development. Though the latter has a longerterm perspective, linking into the United Nations development assistance Framework (UNDAF) the CHAP is intended only to cover the period of It is thus envisaged that all activities will be completed within the year. Likewise it is also envisaged that the coordination mechanisms, namely Cluster Approach and the IASC Country Team mechanism, will transition to Government led sector coordination. 32 CFSNS, Government of Liberia and others,

24 Figure 3. Humanitarian, Recovery and Development Frameworks Government Strategy and Transitional/Recovery/Development/ Humanitarian Response Mechanisms in Liberia IPRSP POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PAPER GOVERNMENT Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers RESPONSE RESPONSE CCA UN System proj./prog. UNITED UNITED NATIONS NATIONS DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK FRAMEWORK UNITED NATIONS UNDAF supports PRSP and UN system programmes/projects supports interim PRSP both informed by Common Country Assessment (CCA) 2006 CAP 2007 CHAP COMMON HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE Humanitarian responses to address humanitarian gaps and bridging transitional gaps SCENARIOS Most Likely Scenario Peace consolidated, humanitarian needs remain The most likely scenario for 2007 is a continuation and a gradual improvement on 2006 in terms of the social, economic and security situation. A robust presence of UNMIL will continue to provide for stability and security in the country. It can also be expected that the governance, capacity and capability of the Government will improve in terms of management, service delivery and effectuating improved financial management. The Government, however, will still be hamstrung by a lack of financial resources and manpower to address all its obligations as a Government. Though it can be expected that progress will be made in terms of addressing corruption, it can be assumed that corruption will remain a problem that will need a concerted effort to be addressed. It is expected that rule of law institutions, though improving, will remain weak meaning that protectionrelated issues will remain endemic. The Government will continue to be dependent on international actors in providing basic social services for the population. It can also be expected that the Government s ability to address endemic diseases, such as cholera and malaria will continue to be limited and will require international assistance. Likewise, though there will be gradual improvements in food security, it is likely that a majority of Liberians will remain vulnerable to food insecurity. It is expected that there will be a transitional gap in terms of reduced funding for emergency activities and no equivalent increase in funding to maintain a level or increased delivery of basic social services. Given that it is expected that the refugee return process will be completed in 2007, it is foreseen that a number of emergency related organisations will reduce the scope and scale of their activities and that this may leave gaps in the services that they provide. Serious humanitarian concerns in Liberia will remain in 2007 primarily related to food security, health, water/sanitation, and protection. The situation in Liberia will also remain susceptible to external shocks, such as political turmoil in the West Africa region. It is likely that the political situation in the region will remain volatile and that any political turmoil in the region will have humanitarian and security ramifications for Liberia in terms of mass population movements. It is likely that the lack of 16

25 infrastructure and the impact of the rainy season from May to October will continue to restrict access to vulnerable communities Best Case Scenario Peace and stability, inclusive social and economic recovery The best case scenario for Liberia in 2007 is a consolidation and enhancement on the political, social and economic gains achieved in This implies rapid gains in the Government s ability to deliver services, sound economic and financial management, and a deepening of the State authority with well functioning and capacitated central and local government. The bestcase scenario also presupposes a rapid expansion and functioning rule of law apparatus restoring the public s confidence in these institutions. It also assumes a speedy decentralisation process for Government, as well as welladvanced preparations for devolvement of power to the local level. In this scenario it is also assumed that Government revenues will increase and that with these, together with stable and predictable resources from the donor community, they will be able to address recovery and some development needs, as well as the remaining humanitarian needs. In this scenario all Liberian refugees will return to their places of origin in dignity and safety to conditions where they are able to sustain themselves in those locations. It is also assumed that regional stability will prevail or even improve: the peace process in Côte D Ivoire is ontrack with a disarmament process and prospects of a viable election; the political situation in Guinea improves with a clear process of succession articulated with broad support; successful free and fair elections in Sierra Leone further consolidates that country s return to peace and democracy. Finally, the issue of better integration between development and humanitarian agendas would be addressed, resulting in joint planning leading to reinforced emergency preparedness capacities, and addressing chronic problems with longterm solutions and elaboration of common exit strategies for humanitarian assistance at the early stage of its engagement Worst Case Scenario Breakdown in security, humanitarian crisis The worstcase scenario in 2007 for Liberia entails a situation where internal and external factors combine to undermine political stability and peace in Liberia. In this scenario elements associated with previous regimes conspire to undermine the Government, and/or some form of political stalemate or events combine to weaken public confidence in political processes or institutions leading to instability and turmoil. It could also be that, along the lines of what is outlined in the Consolidated Appeals Process for West Africa, the cumulative impact of two or more simultaneous complex crises with subregional dimensions and a spillover effect into Liberia could occur. Such a scenario may be compounded by largescale outbreak of disease such as avian influenza, or by natural disasters such as widespread and severe flooding. In a worst case scenario the Government s ability to provide basic services to the population deteriorates beyond the levels experienced in 2006 towards a humanitarian crisis. Likewise there are no improvements in the functioning of rule of law institutions undermining the public s confidence in these institutions, and rendering a general sense of impunity. A worstcase scenario would see the support from the international community for Liberia rapidly deteriorating leaving gaps in support for security and financial assistance. A worstcase scenario would also entail that the refugee return process come to a halt and/or displacement occur as a result of internal turmoil within Liberia. 3.3 STRATEGIC PRIORITIES FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE Humanitarian action in Liberia during 2007 will continue to provide relief and basic services to vulnerable and waraffected populations, recognising that Government capacity to comprehensively address these issues will remain limited for some time to come. Although the scale is diminished, the nature of humanitarian needs remains unchanged, and therefore the strategic priorities adopted in the 2006 CAP remain largely unchanged. Maintaining the strategic priorities will also ensure continuity of humanitarian efforts. Increasing emphasis will be given to capacity building for Government institutions to ensure that humanitarian action links to recovery/development processes where this is appropriate. The overarching goal remains to strengthen the Government s national and countylevel capacities in order to provide for the population on a sustainable basis, enable selfgovernance and, moreover, empower Liberians to build a strong and vibrant civic culture. The nature of humanitarian action thus 17

26 needs to shift more towards partnerships. The need for capacity building at all levels is, therefore, a fundamental and crosscutting component of all humanitarian action. The community level remains the focus of humanitarian action, ensuring that humanitarian action is responding to needs, is relevant and coordinated. A special emphasis is, moreover, given to youth given their vulnerability and also their role in the Liberian conflict Provide Basic Social Services to Vulnerable Populations This means: improving levels of basic social services in communities particularly provision of basic health care, WATSAN and improving food security; increasing access to basic social services through rehabilitating infrastructure; ensuring that communitybased initiatives are sustainable through establishing community support mechanism, local commitment, and capacitybuilding; providing formal and nonformal educational opportunities for overaged children and youth given the lack of education opportunities during the conflict period. The focus will be on areas of high return (Bomi, Lofa and Nimba), as well as the neglected south eastern region (Grand Kru, River Cess, River Gee and Sinoe) Revitalise Communities to Become Sustainable, Secure and Productive This entails: facilitating the sustainable return of refugees and the continued reintegration of refugees and IDPs; addressing the cause and effect of conflict on children and communities through providing trauma counselling and life skills training, formal and nonformal education, and peace building activities aimed at breaking the cycle of violence; providing inputs, training and microfinance for the support of sustainable livelihoods; ensuring sustainable return through supporting low cost shelter, protection, sustainable livelihoods and access to basic services Strengthen the Capacity of Civil Society and Local Authorities to Support the Recovery Process The underlying principle of humanitarian action in 2007 will be to focus on sustainability of action and forging and strengthening partnership with local actors, either Government or civil society groups, that will take ownership of these activities for the longer term. There are a number of dimensions to meeting this strategic priority, these include: protection supporting the Government to continue to provide space for protection activities; rule of law enabling authorities and civil society to have debates and openly address issues of corruption through sensitisation on the GEMAP process and supporting structures that will tackle the culture of impunity, as well as supporting peace building and reintegration activities and conflict prevention measures and mechanisms. Coordination between the humanitarian actors will remain paramount to reach these objectives, and it is envisaged that the Government will increase take the lead in all aspects of humanitarian action. Humanitarian action should, therefore, be informed by Government priorities and policies to ensure their sustainability and relevance. Efforts will therefore be directed towards building the Government s capacity to plan for and respond to contingencies. The UN CSTs formed in 2006 will provide the hub to support the Government in the effort to foster the recovery process at the county level and will be an important mechanism to support humanitarian action as the Humanitarian Coordination Section is drawing down in Emphasis will also be given to establish or deepen data sets needed for informing humanitarian action. This includes strengthening information exchange and enhancing data collection and monitoring at all levels. It also includes integrating aspects of gender equity, the issues of HIV/AIDS and environmental sustainability into project design and implementation. A further key crosscutting issue in all humanitarian activity in Liberia is providing access to communities and social infrastructure for humanitarian actors and also providing access for communities to amenities. This means primarily the rebuilding and rehabilitation of road infrastructure, which serves to strengthen communities through providing economic opportunities and linking them to each other as well as the outside world. Likewise, protection is a crucial crosscutting issue; all three strategic priorities aim to address issues of vulnerability, and a major focus of Strategic Priority three, is placed on tackling the glaring absence of functional rule of law institutions. 18

27 3.3.4 Indicators The individual objectives and their corresponding indicators in the cluster/sector response plans are designed to gauge the progress towards meeting the strategic priorities. In this context it is important to note that the intention is not to focus on outputs but outcomes, i.e. the impact that humanitarian action will have and that this action addresses concomitantly issues of needs and also equitable distribution across the country. Measuring impacts is a challenge given the absence of baseline data on key indicators in many sectors. The preparation of this plan has followed the cluster approach with cluster partners participating in the decisionmaking around the priorities and the cluster lead agency shown as the appealing agency. The term appealing agency refers to the coordination role of the agency and does not imply that it will channel all the funding, which can be directed to the implementing partners directly. 3.4 RESPONSE PLANS HEALTH "Because the time to visit is so long, we are here for four hours only. During this time, we can see 60 to 80 patients maximum. This is maybe three to four minutes for a consultation. It is not enough. There is no other NGO providing care". MSF nurse Adam Walter at an MSF mobile clinic in Tiape, a village in Nimba County. Background The Health Cluster is aimed at improving predictability, timeliness, and effectiveness of the humanitarian response. It draws its membership from the UN agencies, local and international NGOs, donors, and the MoHSW. Since its inception in February 2006, the health cluster has ensured broad participation from stakeholders; identified health gaps and mapping of partners; improved coordination and dialogue thereby improving the relationship between the government, UN agencies, and NGOs; and advocating for resource mobilisation for the implementation of national health priorities. The increase of the health sector budget by the MoHSW is another testimony of the government s commitment towards meeting its obligation to the health of its people. The key challenges for 2007 include the government assuming more ownership and leadership of the health services; strengthening countylevel government coordination of health services; engaging more partners in the cluster approach; and securing adequate funding for the activities of the health sector in order to expand and consolidate the gains achieved in the health sector in recent years. Situational analysis A critical challenge remains: galvanising donors to enhance their support for the CAP as donor response to the 2006 CAP was only 13% of the total health funds requested. The acute economic and social imbalances resulting from the many years of conflict and economic mismanagement have prevented Liberia from adequately providing basic social services to its people. The health care system in Liberia is highly dependant on support from donors and NGOs, which currently support over 70% 33 of the health service delivery in the country. Many agencies and donors with strict humanitarian mandates are preparing to close their operations in 2007 however; the government is not able to fill the gaps this year. Access to basic health care is inadequate in the country especially in the underserved counties. Without adequate access to health services, the health of individuals, households, and communities are affected with consequent loss of life and low socioeconomic productivity. It also contributes to the limited absorption capacity of the health system considering the absolute shortage of trained health staff. There is still noncoherent medium and longterm planning at the national level to ensure that the existing health facilities can be staffed adequately. 33 Rapid Health Assessment

28 Provision of quality primary and secondary health care services will depend on training, deployment, motivation, and retention of qualified staff in the rural areas, especially in the underserved communities. Continuation of incentives to health workers in the underserved communities is perceived as a pullfactor. Presently, four of the seven prewar healthtraining institutions are functional, offering training for doctors, nurses, midwives, physician assistants, pharmacists, environmental health inspectors, and laboratory technicians. Only two of the four institutions train midwives and their combined annual output over the past fiveyears averaged only midwives per year, much too low to meet the immediate and longterm staff requirements. All of the health training institutions need resources in the form of teaching materials, supplies, and funding. Curricula are outdated, curative oriented, and do not adequately reflect current health and social welfare realities. None of these institutions has been accredited since the mid 1980s. The focus in 2007 will be on rehabilitation of at least two midlevel health training institutions including revision of the curricula for physician assistants, nurses, and midwives. Training quotas, on a geographic basis, for admissions to local health training instructions, and rural/community service programme for new graduates shall be reintroduced by the government to enhance equity in the geographical distribution of health workers. Currently, secondary health care services are limited to Monrovia and regional hospitals, which were revitalised by the NGOs. There is inadequate access to emergency obstetric care in many of the counties to reduce maternal mortality. The existing regional referral hospitals could be supported to continue provision of secondary care and emergency obstetric care in Currently the above facilities are supported by NGOs, many of which are planning to withdraw in The coping mechanisms of the majority of the waraffected population remain out of reach, particularly for women and children. Posttraumatic syndrome disorders (PTSD) can be life threatening and can lead to domestic violence. NGOs are usually the point of entry for women and children. National NGOs can be trained in the prevention and management of PTSDrelated violence as well as providing the necessary social network for support and rehabilitation. Cluster Priority Objectives The overall objective of the Health Cluster for 2007 is to contribute to reduction of avoidable morbidity and mortality among the population. This will be achieved by increasing Primary Health Care (PHC) services among the population; providing institutional training of health care staff; providing secondary care including emergency obstetric care; and providing physical and psychosocial rehabilitation as well as strengthening the capacity of local health authorities Objective: Increase quality Primary Health Care (PHC) services among the population Maintain the existing integrated primary health care services, and expand the services to include the basic primary health care services prepared by the MoHSW from 69.4% 35 to 75% of the population through the provision of medical supplies, equipment, and incentives to health staff. Provide support to ensure that the existing primary health care services are maintained, facilities are equipped, drugs provided, and interventions according to the BPHS implemented. Increase the PHC services in underserved counties. Indicators Proportion of the population of Liberia have access to quality primary health services by the end of 2007; Number of health care facilities offering basic minimum package and quality primary health care services in underserved counties in 2007; Number of health county teams coordinating health interventions; Number of health workers trained or updated on PHC. 34 National Health and Social Welfare Policy draft, MDG report 2004, Government of Liberia,

29 Objective: Rehabilitate and equip two midlevel healthtraining institutions Rehabilitation of at least two midlevel healthtraining institutions for training of assistant physicians, nurses, and midwives. Reactivation will include revision of the curricula to suit the current public health demands. Training quotas, on a geographic basis shall be introduced with support from the MoHSW to enhance equity in the distribution of health work force. Indicators Two midlevel healthtraining institutions rehabilitated and equipped in 2007; Number of students enrolled in nursing, midwifery and physician assistants training courses at the end of Objective: Provide secondary care including emergency obstetric care Provide secondary and emergency obstetric care in Monrovia, Buchanan, Phoebe, Tubmanburg, Zwedru, Ganta, Sanniquellie, and Voinjama in Currently these facilities are supported by NGOs, whose withdrawal will create a vacuum that the government cannot fill in Indicators Number of regional hospitals offering secondary and emergency obstetric care at the end of 2007; Number of fistula patients receiving care and treatment; Number of newborn and maternal deaths. Objective: Provide physical and psychosocial rehabilitation Assist the government, partners, and civil society to cope with postconflict consequences such as PTSDrelated illness. Indicators Number of institutions offering physical and/or psychosocial rehabilitative services at the end of Objective: Strengthen health local authority capacities by supporting the health county teams Indicators Number of health country teams supported in coordinating and management of health interventions. Response Strategy Agencies in the health cluster will continue through local capacity to support the MoHSW to improve delivery of quality health services, to coordinate and monitor health actions especially at the delivery point, to manage priority health ailments, to reactivate two midlevel health training institutions, and to forge partnership for sustainability of health services as the country moves towards recovery. Partners in collaboration with the MoHSW will continue to promote the PHC approach for management of the most common diseases, and emphasis will be placed on the minimum integrated PHC package prepared by the MoHSW. Partners will also collaborate with the MoHSW to provide basic and quality secondary care including obstetric care and emergency referrals in the five regions of the country. Local capacity building and transfer of skills and knowledge including information management shall be emphasised in the course of the delivery of health care services to enhance sustainability. The health cluster priorities for 2007 are attached to the two broad strategies for 2007: provision of social services to communities and strengthening the capacity of civil society and local administration; thus, linking emergency to recovery and reconstruction. Operational Issues The high burden of disease in Liberia is due to communicable diseases, whose magnitude can be reduced through the provision of adequate and quality health care services in all the counties, but more specifically in the underserved counties. 21

30 The health services are expected to benefit at least 3,250, people in Liberia; but will focus on the communities in the underserved counties including children and women. Most communities in the southeast of the country lack access to basic health care services, and even in areas where IDPs and refuges have returned, the continuity of basic health care services in 2007 enables people to engage in meaningful socioeconomic activities aimed at improving their livelihood. The nationwide rapid health assessment and CFSNS conducted in 2006 highlighted an increase in morbidity and mortality as a result of inadequate access to basic health care services, especially in the underserved counties. The health sector in Liberia is heavily reliant on donor support with little input from the government. Government s contribution to the health sector is approximately 7% ($10m) of the national budget and is not expected to increase drastically in In 2006, the health sector through the CAP 2006 received only 2% of the amount appealed for to enable delivery of health services in Liberia. Further, through the Cluster approach and with support from the UN CERF, the health sector received an additional $2m for life saving interventions in the country. This means that many activities planned in 2006 could not be implemented due to lack of funds. Therefore the needs identified in 2006 are largely unmet. Some of the gaps and inadequacies in the delivery of health services were partially addressed in 2006 by international NGOs with a strict mandate in humanitarian response. As the country moves towards recovery, most of these international NGOs and donors are scaling down their activities and will eventually withdraw from the country. The anticipated departure of these agencies leaves a gap that the government cannot fill in It is unlikely that the government and other NGOs may fill the gaps that occur in the service delivery without adequate external resources and funding. With the cluster leadership approach, the health priorities for 2007 can be achieve through collaborative effort, better coordination, and gap identification with partners and government; strategic planning to ensure access to basic health services in the country especially in the under served counties; supporting the MoHSW in monitoring of health services; facilitating reactivation of institutional training for the midlevel health work force; and advocating for resource mobilisation. Monitoring The MoHSW will be supported to carry out the monitoring of the health activities in the country. Monitoring instruments from the MoHSW will be used as much as possible. Morbidity and mortality data including programme coverage will be disaggregated by age, gender, and geographical locations as much as possible. Modalities for monitoring will include: Weekly surveillance and monthly morbidity and mortality reports; Surveys of beneficiaries and programme specific health care coverage; Monitoring of the community health system through the county health teams; Regular county coordination meetings; Health Cluster coordination meetings; Monthly updates of the Who does What, Where database and mapping of the present and planned activities in the Health Sector based on coordinated input from the health cluster actors; Health programme specific evaluations (where possible) WATER & SANITATION (WATSAN) Background The WATSAN cluster group was established to improve the effectiveness of humanitarian response in the area of water and sanitation through improving the predictability and accountability of humanitarian actions. UNICEF and the Government of Liberia Ministry of Rural Development (MRD), whose role in the sector is under review, jointly chair the sector coordination. Until recently, the MRD was responsible for rural WATSAN services, while the Liberia Water and Sewer Corporation (LWSC) is responsible for the urban services. However, developing an Integrated Water Resources Management Policy is being led by the Ministry of Lands, Mines, and Energy. The current budget for 36 National Health and Social Welfare policy draft,

31 the ministry responsible for the rural water and sanitation programme is limited to salaries ($125,000), pending a restructuring of the ministry. Under the iprs pillar mechanism, Pillar IV (infrastructure and Basic Services) will consolidate various coordination structures under the Government of Liberia s leadership and the sector coordination group on WATSAN will be chaired by the Ministry of Public Works with separate subgroups for rural and urban areas. The coordination of the overall sector has been a particular challenge with weak leadership by the line ministries, insufficient buyin from all implementers and insufficient reporting and data provided by implementers for analysis and planning. The cluster approach has brought some more impetus to coordination but the underlying weakness of reporting and data collection remains unchanged. The response to cholera outbreaks has significantly improved. The emergency contingency plan is improved. Technical training on refugee camp supply will take place in January Throughout 2006, the WATSAN cluster has been meeting monthly to discuss both emergency preparedness and response as well as recovery issues. The main focus of discussions taking place in this forum has been on emergency issues and this led to a decision being made by the group to form a core cluster group comprising of organisations who work in emergency situations who meet to discuss emergency preparedness and response issues. Figure 4: Population with Access to Safe Drinking Water Access to safe drinking water County Safe Bomi 24 Bong 41 Gbarpolu 15 Grand Bassa 10 Grand Cape Mount 43 Grand Gedeh 41 Grand Kru 7 Lofa 25 Margibi 25 Maryland 66 Montserrado 45 Nimba 34 River Cess 22 River Gee 15 Sinoe 7 The main activities undertaken by the cluster members in 2006 included borehole drilling; shallow well rehabilitation; shallow well construction; construction of family, public communal and institution (schools, health units) latrines; hygiene promotion; cholera outbreak response and response to emergency situations including flooding in Grand Kru and Margibi and water supply emergency in Monrovia s West Point and Happy Corner communities. 23

32 Figure 5: Population with no Access to Toilet Facilities Population with No access to Toilet Facilities County None Bomi 77 Bong 77 Gbarpolu 84 Grand Bassa 93 Grand Cape Mount 79 Grand Gedeh 92 Grand Kru 85 Lofa 73 Margibi 88 Maryland 53 Montserrado 63 Nimba 75 River Cess 75 River Gee 72 Sinoe 87 Among the lessons learnt are that the WatSan sector has very few dependable implementation agencies. In general there is little adherence to standard designs and minimum quality standards. Reporting is very weak in terms of accuracy, detail and timeliness. The planned capacity building of agencies involved in WATSAN emergency response was not able to take place because of lack of funding. In addition the uncertainty concerning the lead ministry to lead the WATSAN sector has limited the progress made on the policy level. While the national level coordination forum is operating relatively well, at the county level there is lack of consistency and the sector meetings are variably led by County Health Teams, or NGOs or the Humanitarian Coordination Section (HCS) of UNMIL, depending on location. The establishment of a national level database has also been slow. Currently the location where the database will be housed is unclear further delaying the data entry process. The unfunded gap for the CAP 2006 was at $4,202,240 as at 13 December This Common Humanitarian Action Plan incorporates both relief and recovery activities for the period January to December 2007, focusing on the gaps in the CAP 2006 and the identified priorities in the Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy and the CHAP 2007 Workshop in support of Government s overall objective in this subsector, which is to increase safe drinking water and improved sanitation (healthy environment) for all in both urban and rural areas with key outcomes of reduction in waterborne diseases and improvements in community management of water supply and sanitation services. It seeks $5,874,652 in order to achieve the objectives. Situation Analysis The greatest needs requiring action in the WATSAN sector are the endemic cholera and widespread outbreaks of diarrhoea which are exacerbated by poor hygiene practices, indiscriminate disposal of excreta owing to entrenched practices of not using latrines or dependence on communal latrines that are poorly maintained and managed as well as the lack of safe drinking water sources. Maintenance of water facilities is poor and communities almost exclusively depend on service providers/support agencies for hand pump repair or maintenance. The fact that water related morbidity remains unchanged shows the work that is yet to be done in the WATSAN sector. Due to inconsistent reporting and weak database management there are no accurate figures. The CFSNS (September 2006) shows coverage of 32% for safe water (in the dry season) with a huge variation from 7% in Sinoe County to 66% in Maryland County. Less than 25% of the population have access to safe sanitation with six counties with less than 29% coverage. All age 24

33 groups are affected by these problems, carrying a high burden of environmental diseases, but children and women are disproportionately affected. Diarrhoea is responsible for 22% of the deaths of children under 5. Women and girls are further affected by the burden of caring for the sick and having to collect water from distant places. If nothing is done in the short term, the endemic cholera will continue to cause avoidable deaths, and children will continue to die from diarrhoea. The most important aspect is hygiene. In general, hygiene practices are very poor exacerbating cholera outbreaks, which occur on an annual basis just after the start of the rainy season. Cholera hotspots have been identified in a number of counties: Montserrado, Grand Bassa, Maryland, Sinoe, Lofa and Nimba. Above all, there must be a sustained behaviour change component in all WATSAN projects to address the issue of hygiene practices. The longterm targets set for the Millennium Development goals are to reach coverage of 63% for both improved water supply and sanitation. In the short term, the areas for priority for the sector include: Participatory hygiene evaluation and community hygiene promotion in cholera hot spot areas; Construction of new facilities and rehabilitation of old facilities in areas of relative low coverage (Lofa, Grand Kru, River Gee, Sinoe, River Cess and Gbarpolu); Rehabilitation of old facilities and integration of mechanisms for maintenance of all WATSAN facilities; Urban water supply in main towns; Rapid emergency response and information management capacity building of local NGOs; Update of WATSAN information systems CLUSTER PRIORITY OBJECTIVES Objective: Prevention of cholera outbreaks Indicators: Number of cholera outbreaks; Rehabilitate 200 and construct 100 new water points in cholera hotspot areas; Number of NGOs able to immediately respond to a cholera outbreak. Objective: Increase in access to safe water and sanitation Indicators: Number of schools and health centres with safe water and sanitation facilities; Number of communities with safe water and sanitation facilities; The morbidly rate of conditions relating to water and poor hygiene. Objective: Hand pumps maintenance system Operational in 15 counties Indicators: Hand pump maintenance implementation plan used by all organisations; Number of water hand pump mechanics trained; Number of pump user communities sensitised; Number of spare parts distribution networks established. Objective: WatSan sector coordination effective in 15 counties Indicators: Number of county WatSan plans updated on a monthly basis; Number of site duplications; Number of poor quality facilities reported and remedial action taken. Objective: Emergency Response capacity established Indicators: Number of NGOs with trained staff and physical capacity to respond to camp and non camp situations; Early warning reports sent by the county coordination to the national level; The number of emergency WatSan supplies kept incountry. 25

34 Response Strategy The strategy for the WATSAN sector is based on the government s interim PRS strategic sector objective to reduce disease burden and has two elements: first interventions which concentrate on the immediate needs and second the interventions that focus on the long term development of the sector. The promotion of safe hygiene practices and behaviour changes are equally important as the provision of the WATSAN facilities. In the long term, projects should not be planned according to the time it takes to construct the facilities but rather the time it takes to establish the process of hygiene practice behaviour change. The longerterm sector development strategy includes policy development; capacity building of the government central body for rural and urban water supply; establishment of a midlevel management system at the county level; establish a robust monitoring system that ensures standards are maintained; establish a nationwide reporting and data management system; the development of a sustainable communitybased hand pump maintenance and a system for spare parts supply; development of a selfbuild family latrine strategy and capacity building on technical skills of NGOs and civil society organisations. Under the CHAP, UNICEF, the Ministry of Health and the named NGO will implement WATSAN facilities and undertake hygiene promotion in the following areas: areas prone to cholera outbreaks; in all schools and health units in named areas of low coverage and in areas to which the majority of IDPs and refugees are returning; areas which may receive refugees from Cote d Ivoire or Guinea; technical capacity building in emergency response (camp and noncamp situations) through provision of essential tools and equipment and technical training. Operational Issues Implementation will be through the named local and international NGOs and the sector ministries who will provide technical support for hygiene promotion. The target beneficiaries are people living in diarrhoea and cholera prone areas and pupils in targeted schools in Lofa, Sinoe, Nimba, Maryland, Grand Bassa, Grand Kru, Montserrado, River Gee, River Cess, Gbarpolu, as well as staff of NGOs that will benefit from capacity building. The primary needs assessment will use county based information collected through the sector coordination and the target areas will be determined at the county level through the same process. Sector lead agencies at county level with UNICEF support (cluster lead agency) will assess the implementation capacities at county level and will facilitate the coordination of activities. Crosscutting issues of gender, HIV/AIDS, and human rights will be incorporated in the participatory hygiene evaluation through focus group discussions and presentations by invited experts from UNMIL, UN agencies, and sector ministries in a selection of the target areas, especially those receiving returnees and/or refugees. Monitoring and Reporting The County Sector Coordination Team will undertake monitoring monthly, and information on progress and an update on overall coverage in the county will be collected and reported to the cluster lead agency. The cluster lead agency and the sector lead ministry will make quarterly visits to the project areas PROTECTION Background The Protection Cluster is composed of the Protection Core Group (PCG), GBV Task Force, and Child Protection Network. Subclusters on rule of law, property, and human rights exist in some counties. In January 2006, the PCG adopted a new terms of reference, which identified priority policy areas including return monitoring, child protection, GBV, Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (SEA), advocacy and legal reform. Five additional countylevel Protection Core Groups were established in 2006, bringing to a total of eleven county level groups in existence in Liberia. In February 2006, UNHCR established a secretariat to support the PCG with reporting and analysis. In March 2006, responsibility for rule of law was transferred to the Early Recovery Cluster although many issues related to the training, development of paralegal systems, and dissemination of laws have remained on the agenda of the Protection Core Group. 26

35 The national Protection Core Group includes the following members: Action for the Rights of the Children (ARC), CCF, Danish Refugee Council (DRC), European Commission Humanitarian Office (ECHO), Foundation for International Human Dignity (FIND), Foundation for International Democracy (FOHRD), Human Rights Project Fund (HRPF), IRC, Catholic Justice and Peace Commission (JPC), Jesuit Refugee Service (JRS), Liberian National Police (LNP), LRRRC, Monitoring and Steering Group (MSG), NRC, National Human Rights Centre of Liberia (NHRCL), SCUK, United Democratic Alliance (UDA), UNDP, UNFPA, UNHCR, UNICEF, UNMIL Human Rights and Police, and WFP. The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) has observer status. Wide participation by government representatives and a number of additional agencies exists at the county level. Protection Cluster key activities in 2006 include: camp closure assessment and report; oneday workshop to evaluate the IDP programme ; establishment of review committees for referral of NRC protection reports (of which more than 1,000 were collected in 2006 with approximately 15% rape cases, 16% child rights violations, and 15% property disputes); mediation in land disputes; successful prosecution in rape cases; provision of psychosocial and medical services in a majority of the GBV cases identified by NRC monitors; development and launch of a National Plan of Action on GBV; monitoring and response on child rights violations by National Child Rights Observatory Group (NACROG), the national umbrella group for child protection agencies; increased border monitoring to identify cases of spontaneous movement of children; development of referral pathway handbook for GBV in Lofa and referral system in Grand Cape Mount, Gbarpolu, and Bomi; joint training on GBV response in Bong and Margibi; joint awareness campaign on SEA and GBV; support to Early Recovery Cluster in identification of gaps in rule of law, infrastructure, and development of standard support package for police, courts, and prisons; development and coordination of paralegal services; and support to property committees in three counties. To address the alarming trend of increasing rates of rape, sexual abuse and GBV, and in acknowledgement of the problems of GBV, the Government of Liberia through the MGD, in cooperation with local and international NGOs, the UN system and other relevant stakeholders, drafted and launched a National Plan of Action to address Gender Based Violence. The plan has a multisectoral and dimensional approach and foresees improved coordination and collaboration of GBV interventions through a onestopshop approach. In the MGD a GBV Secretariat has been established with support from UNFPA, the subcluster lead on GBV, with the aim to enhance coordination of GBV throughout the country and to coordinate the implementation of the GBV National Plan of Action. The plan covers activities related to the five sectors: Medical, Psychosocial, Legal/Justice, Security/Protection and Economic (women empowerment) sectors. The lack of reliable data on GBV and under reporting of GBV cases constitute critical challenges that urgently must be addressed through support for policy formulation, monitoring and evaluation of GBV programmes. There is a need to have an effective data collection and database system as an important tool for measuring the magnitude, trend and pattern of GBV. There is a need to build capacity to manage and analyse data and put in place effective monitoring and evaluation mechanism in order to enhance accountability and effectiveness. The MGD also chairs a GBV multisectoral task force. One major gap identified during these consultations is the lack of coordination and collaboration among different stakeholders involved in the GBV prevention and case management, which hinders effective and efficient prevention and response. As a result, resources have been wasted and efforts squandered, some sector programmes are duplicated and some important thematic areas neglected with a concentration in Monrovia and other big towns. Besides the protection cluster, following the improved political and security situation in Liberia, UNHCR, in October 2004 commenced the facilitation, shifting to promotion of repatriation of Liberian refugees in February By December 2006, close to 86,000 Liberians had returned home to their communities of origin from asylum countries in the subregion mostly from Cote d Ivoire, Ghana, Guinea, Nigeria and Sierra Leone. Furthermore some 36,572 previously registered refugees had returned on their own. There are currently 110,781 refugees registered in asylum countries and it is expected that some 70,000 of them will return before the closure of the end of the repatriation operation scheduled for June Liberia has also hosted 12,580 Ivorian, 3,546 Sierra Leonean, 30 urban refugees, 30 asylum seekers and 50 persons of concern from various nations 27

36 Situational Analysis After many years of conflict, the legal justice sector has been devastated and is still struggling to reestablish itself. Infrastructure is broken and there are insufficient numbers of qualified personnel working in the system. Efforts made by the government, UNMIL, and PCG members to strengthen policing and to develop the Women and Children Protection Section (WCPS) of the Liberian National Police should be recognised. There are plans to deploy WCPS officers to three counties in the very near future. Despite these efforts, true policing and consistent law enforcement is still lacking. Although new legislation on rape was passed in 2005, efforts to ensure its wide dissemination, consistent training of the judiciary and police, and community awareness have progressed slowly. Reports of sexual exploitation and abuse involving both community members and humanitarian and peacekeeping personnel continue to be received. The level of poverty among women and children and the absence of social safety networks make them extremely vulnerable to sexual exploitation and abuse, prostitution, and trafficking. Health facility need assessments show that despite the willingness of health facilities to receive survivors, they are not sufficiently equipped; they lack drugs, medical supplies, and trained health professionals in the clinical and psychological management of GBV survivors. Communities are failing to report protection cases themselves. In the first half of 2006, Norwegian Refugee Council monitors reported more than 800 protection cases to the Protection Core Group. There is a clear need to develop the community s capacity to report and followup on violations, whether it is through communitybased organisations or other civil society groups. Under the leadership of the MGD, and in close consultation with members of the GBV Task Force, a multisectoral National GBV Plan of Action was formulated and launched by the President in December The reintegration component of the disarmament, Demobilisation, Rehabilitation and Reintegration (DDRR) programme as mandated by the Peace Accord is expected to end in 2007; however reintegration needs of certain categories of people including children and youth continue to be addressed. A significant amount of work remains to be done to enhance longerterm prospects of reintegration. Besides the challenges mentioned above, the gaps in basic services extends to most Districts, specifically main areas of return, with negative consequences for returnees to secure political, economic, legal and social conditions needed to maintain life and livelihood in safety and dignity. CLUSTER PRIORITY OBJECTIVES The priority objective of the Protection Cluster for 2007 is to increase the capacity of the legal justice system to protect women and children; develop and support a comprehensive health care response to GBV; build the capacity of national institutions, communitybased structures, and civil society in protection issues; and provide support towards the reintegration of children and youth, which includes demobilised, separated, and returnee children and youth. Objective: Increase the capacity of the legal justice system to protect women and children Indicators: Increase in the number of paralegal centres, trained personnel including law enforcement officers, judicial personnel, etc. and enhanced judicial procedure throughout Liberia; Increase in the number of cases prosecuted successfully and expeditiously. Objective: Develop and support a comprehensive health care response to GBV victims. Indicators: At least 75% of survivors receive medical attention and auxiliary health providers trained to respond to survivors needs; Number of health care workers to handle GBV cases; Number of institutions with counselling services on GBV; Number of WACPS trained in responding to health needs. 28

37 Objective: Build the capacity of national institutions, communitybased structures, and civil society in protection issues. Indicators: Government actors assume responsibility for management of protection; Number of civil society groups trained and participating in human rights protection forum. Objective: Provide support towards the reintegration of children and youth to include: demobilised children and other children affected by armed forces, separated children, street children, and returnee children and youth. Indicators: Number of Child Welfare Committees (CWC), Children s Clubs (CC) and community support networks trained in a number of counties trained and appropriate follow ups made. Increase reporting of child rights violations and follow up on the number of demobilised children and other vulnerable children attending both skills/apprenticeship and academic schools and number followed up. Besides the Protection cluster, UNHCR and its partners will have the following objectives for refugees and returnees, who will be assisted through multisectoral humanitarian activities. Returnee Objectives Promote the voluntary repatriation of Liberian refugees to areas where basic security conditions are in place and ensure a safe and dignified return; Continue to build the Government s capacity to assume the primary responsibility for protecting refugees, returnees, and internally displaced persons through training and material support especially in protection and legal assistance; Foster partnership and complementarities with other humanitarian and development actors, to ensure the sustainable reintegration of former refugees and internally displaced people in the context of the 4Rs approach. Refugee Objectives Pursue durable solutions for those refugees unable to repatriate to their countries of origin in close collaboration with partners and other agencies. Indicators Number of Liberian refugees assisted for voluntary repatriation; Number of refugees locally integrated in Liberia; Rate of successful intervention by the Government bodies in response to reported protection incidents. Response Strategy Improving protection in Liberia will include efforts that fall under a number of clusters. Intercluster dialogue needs to be strengthened in The PCG should engage the government more actively at the national level, and should adopt a strategy that ensures the continued engagement of the Government, with increased involvement of civil society, in managing overall protection issues throughout the country. The Protection Cluster will continue with joint monitoring and joint advocacy initiatives. Meanwhile, the development of a paralegal network shall be key to providing legal redress in a range of protection cases. Due to the logistical and material constraints facing the government, the Protection Cluster shall have to support improved operation of national human rights groups and national legal institutions in Training and mentoring will continue to play a significant part in the work of cluster members. Emphasis on legal reform should also be stepped up in the work of the cluster in UNHCR hopes to enter into its final year of major UNHCR intervention in activities involving repatriation and reintegration of Liberians. Though positive developments have taken place in the past two years, the country is still enduring the effects of prolonged economic and social collapse. 29

38 UNHCR will continue to support the development of conditions conducive for sustainable reintegration of all returnees, reinforcing and creating partnership with the Government of Liberia, UN agencies, NGOs, and other humanitarian actors. UNHCR will continue to provide handson support for national institutions dealing with human rights, justice and rule of law, to mitigate shortcomings in the delivery of justice. UNHCR s main priorities are to support the Government to revive the mechanism established by the Refugee Act for individual status determination of asylum seekers through the Asylum and the Appeal Committees. Asylum procedures are not fully functional and there have been significant delays in individual status determination process. UNHCR will support the Government in this endeavour by providing Committee members with training, logistics, as well as office equipment. Following the introduction of ProGres registration software in Liberia in 2005, refugee registration is now conducted systematically as an integral part of UNHCR s programme. UNHCR through its communitybased activities and the returnee monitoring mechanism has enhanced the opportunity for social and economic rights of women, and is maximising selfreliance. The gender equality sensitisation and promotion has put an emphasis on prevention and response to sexual and genderbased violence. Family unity was preserved and monitored during movements and safeguards to child and adolescents rights to education, vocational training and recreational activities installed. The transitional nature of the previous Government had not allowed the operation to engage in structured and comprehensive local integration efforts for Sierra Leonean refugees. UNHCR will continue to provide refugees with protection and basic health care services, while pursuing local integration, which will lead to their selfreliance. Operational Issues In order to enhance protection in 2007, the Protection Cluster must guarantee improved coordination of humanitarian efforts with the other clusters. HIV/AIDS will be an integral part of all GBV activities, but it should also be integrated as a crosscutting issue in other protection activities. A wide range of partners including PCG members, UN agencies, local and international NGOs, and CBOs will undertake protection activities. The PCG in collaboration with the GBV Task Force and the Child Protection Network shall take a lead role in guiding the vision of the protection related activities through the CHAP. In 2007, the Protection Cluster will act to strengthen links with the relevant government agencies and national organisations as these will remain in Liberia to guide and monitor protection work in years to come. An additional operational concern is the gap in the mandates and geographic reach of respective organisations. Efforts should be made by donors to space their funding in order to help address this problem. Resources that are mobilised in 2007 by the Protection Cluster for its coordination and management should be coordinated between the PCG and various subclusters. Concerning refugees and returnee programmes, UNHCR s primary interlocutor is the Liberian Government and the humanitarian actors. UNHCR also engaged in effective cooperation with other humanitarian players through an IASC and its operational partners. Monitoring and Reporting Wherever possible, participatory monitoring of progress and assessment of gaps will be jointly conducted among the concerned agencies with participation of target populations. Monitoring of progress in returnee reintegration (both exrefugees and former IDPs) will continue in the areas of high return. Reporting and data consolidation mechanism will be established by the various existing coordination structure such as PCG, the GBV Task Force or the GBV Secretariat. Validated data suitable for public consumption will be incorporated into the National Information Management Centre (NIMAC) database for use by concerned stakeholders. 30

39 3.4.4 FOOD SECURITY Hungry people can become violent people. So an investment in food security is an investment in national security. No one is going to invest in agriculture if they cannot get supplies to the farm or produce to the markets. The Special Representative of the Secretary General, Mr. Alan Doss, during World Food Day in Ganta, Nimba County, 20 November Background Food insecurity and malnutrition remain a significant cause of concern around one half of the people are foodinsecure or highly vulnerable to food insecurity and an alarming proportion of Liberian children will not be able to reach their full potential due to malnutrition. Figure 6: Foodinsecure Populations in Liberia 2006 Foodinsecure County Bomi 13 Bong 8 Gbarpolu 18 Grand Bassa 2 Grand Cape Mount 2 Grand Gedeh 10 Grand Kru 14 Lofa 28 Margibi 5 Maryland 6 Montserrado 10 Nimba 9 River Cess 6 River Gee 20 Sinoe 8 In her inaugural address to the nation in January of 2006, President JohnsonSirleaf emphasised food security as one of her government s priorities; and continues to urge Liberian s to focus more on agriculture to make the country self sufficient in food production. The Food Security Cluster is composed of the Committee on Food Aid (CFA) coordinated by WFP, and the Agriculture Coordination Committee (ACC) coordinated by the FAO. The Food Security Cluster is chaired by the Minister of Agriculture (MoA) and consists of the FAO, WFP, international and local NGOs involved in different aspects of food security activities, United States Agency for International Development (USAID), Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA) and ECHO. Funding for the Food Security Cluster through the 2006 Liberia CAP has resulted in contributions of only 44% of the needs as of February 2007, thus leaving considerable gaps in the cluster s ability to support the programmes that the UN and NGOs had outlined in their response plan. Funding from the CERF contributed $1,000,000 to the Food Security Cluster. Key activities of the Food Security Cluster for 2006 included: Fourmonth food package was targeted for 224,016 and 70,517 returning refugees. Distribution is ongoing; More than 150,000 beneficiaries have been assisted through agriculture, infrastructure, and training programmes; 31

40 3,123 hectares of rice fields planted, 916 hectares of vegetable plots created/rehabilitated; Approximately 588,194 school children are receiving daily hot meals in school and 21,218 girls are receiving TakeHome rations; Established 100 school gardens in schools supported under the School Feeding programme; 105,000 beneficiaries benefited from the emergency assistance of seeds and tools provided by the cluster members including MoA, FAO, WFP and INGOs; 152 field technicians have received advanced Integrated Production and Pest Management (IPPM) training, and 19,200 farming families benefited from pest management inputs and training; Introduction and multiplication of improved varieties of rice and cassava; Model projects for aquaculture recovery and restocking of poultry; 33,320 vulnerable, undernourished including HIV affected people receive a monthly food ration; 5 MT of food provided to people whose communities were affected by natural disasters; Over 1,600 kilometres of road has been rehabilitated/constructed under the Food Support for Local Initiatives (FSLI); Completion of a CFSNS for 15 counties; Completion of crop and food security assessment in 15 counties. Situational Analysis After many years of conflict, the sector has been devastated as is still struggling to reestablish itself. Infrastructure is broken and there are insufficient qualified personnel working in the system. Efforts made by the Government, UNMIL and cluster members to strengthen the sector through strategic documents such as the CCA, UNDAF and the iprsp need to be taken into account in planning for the future. The main focus of the food security cluster programmes in 2007 will focus on supplying food, agricultural inputs (seeds and tools), and training to returning refugees and communities of high return that were almost completely vacated during the course of the war. As access to remote areas improves with rehabilitated roads and bridges, more schools can be included in the Emergency School Feeding programme in 2007, thus encouraging children to return to school. Distribution of seeds and tools will need to continue as many farm families still do not have access to credit or the ready cash required to purchase seeds. Pest management and seeds multiplication programmes will continue to ensure greater agricultural productivity and greater selfsufficiency of farm families. FSLI programmes are still necessary to support infrastructure improvements and to provide a source of quick impact labour for groups of young people who need temporary employment. CLUSTER PRIORITY OBJECTIVES The priorities for the Food Security Cluster for 2007 include: augmenting food availability throughout Liberia; increasing access to food; supporting the food needs of vulnerable people by FSLI, supplementary feeding programs, and food for education programs; and enhancing institutional capacities of national and local government to manage food resources. Objective: Augment food availability throughout Liberia Increase food production through emergency supply of seeds and tools to speed up the resettlement of returnees as per the CFSNS. To increase food production and availability of the country s staple rice and cassava by introduction/multiplication of improved varieties, improvement of postharvest technologies and minimising production and postproduction losses attributed to biological pests. Indicators: 120,000 farming families assisted with seeds and tools; 120,000 acres of land planted; 50,000 farming families assisted with pest management inputs and training; 5 seeds multiplication centres established; 240 fish ponds constructed; 350 school gardens established in priority areas (WFP). 32

41 Objective: Increase access to food Rehabilitate roads and bridges; Distribution of food for unskilled labour in the roadside brushing and rehabilitation of roads and bridges. Indicators: 1494 (in kilometres) of roads rehabilitated in the priority areas and bridges constructed/ rehabilitated. Objective: Support food needs of vulnerable people by FSLI, supplementary feeding programmes and food for education programmes Improve access to education and reduce gender disparity in access to education and skills training; Improve nutrition and health status of children, mothers and other vulnerable people. Indicators: 600,000 children fed, 20,000 girls provided with takehome rations, 2,358 schools assisted, and 5,000 beneficiaries received training. Objective: Enhance institutional capacities of national and local government to manage food resources Strengthen institutions capacity to assist farmers with extension services/training and ensure the presence of the MoA. Assist and support the Government in the continuing development of national food security strategies in close cooperation with the humanitarian community and provide capacity building training. Indicators: 150 extension technicians trained and assisting farmers at district level; Future plans developed for the sector s recovery; Agricultural sector review completed; Monrovia comprehensive food security and nutrition survey completed; National strategy for food security developed; Government supported to develop a monitoring and evaluation system for food security. Response Strategy Improving food security throughout Liberia will include efforts that fall under a number of clusters. That the current economic situation generates less access to food thus highlighting the need for strong efforts to improve the overall economic and health situation in Liberia. Training and mentoring will continue to play a significant part in the work of Cluster members. Emphasis on strategic planning and policy reform should also be stepped up in the work of the Cluster in Operational Issues: In order to enhance food security in 2007, the Food Security Cluster must guarantee improved coordination of humanitarian programming efforts with the other clusters. An operational concern is the gap in the mandates and geographic reach of respective organisations within the Cluster. Food Security activities will be undertaken by a wide range of partners including CFA and ACC members, UN agencies, INGOs, LNGOs and Community Based Organisations (CBOs). The cluster in collaboration with the government of Liberia shall take a lead role in guiding the vision of the food security related activities through the CHAP. In 2007, the Cluster will to strengthen links with relevant government agencies and national organisations as increasingly the Government takes on its responsibility within this sector NUTRITION Background Nutrition is a sector, which is often underserved. Due to its strong links with health and food security, it is often added as an afterthought in various strategies and initiatives. By establishing nutrition as a cluster, the IASC raised nutrition s profile as a crucial consideration in all humanitarian situations. 33

42 The Nutrition cluster has been jointly led by the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Family Health Division, and UNICEF; and it includes members from the UN and international and national NGOs active in the nutrition field, e.g. WFP, WHO, FAO, AHA, ACF, ANDP, MSF and WV. Throughout 2006, a number of constraints have been identified in addressing the plethora of nutrition needs in the country including: the limited capacity of the Government of Liberia Ministry of Health and Social Welfare to lead and deliver; the lack of qualified human resources in this sector; the lack of a countrywide nutritional surveillance system; the lack of progress in serving the nutritional needs of the population, having no improvements in the country over the last 6 years; a number of health NGOs will be leaving or scaling down their activities in 2007 which will have a negative impact on the delivery of nutrition services; the lack of an uptodate national nutrition policy and plan of action; and access to rural populations has been severely hampered by deplorable road conditions. Situation Analysis Nutrition security means having access to all food, health, social, economic, and environmental factors necessary to achieve nutritional wellbeing. The nutritional status and caring practices of children and adults are direct outcome indicators to assess if households food utilisation is adequate. Stunting, a condition where children are too short for their age and an indicator of chronic malnutrition, was shown in a comprehensive food security and nutrition survey in 2006 to be 39% among children aged less than five. According to WHO, chronic malnutrition rates are critical over 40% in nine of the 15 counties. The remaining six counties showed serious chronic malnutrition levels 30 to 40%. Stunting portrays longterm socioeconomic problems including poor food consumption and access, poor sanitation, use of unimproved drinking water, poor feeding and caring practices, and low purchasing power. Overall, acute malnutrition, a condition where children are too thin for their height (also called wasting), was shown to be in the above survey 6.9% among children aged less than five. However, the central and southeastern counties of River Cess, Grand Bassa, River Gee, Grand Gedeh, and Sinoe reported rates of over 10%, which are considered serious levels according to the WHO classification. Across counties, children aged 1223 months showed the highest rates of global acute malnutrition at 11.7%. Acute malnutrition was significantly associated with infant and child feeding malpractices and a high prevalence of illnesses, mainly diarrhoea, malaria, and acute respiratory infections. Malaria was the most frequent cause of death among children and fever, a potential indicator of malaria, was highly prevalent as well. High incidences of malaria are normally associated with high prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia, which is a serious medical problem in Liberia especially among children and women. The prevalence of underweight (a mixture of stunting and wasting) was estimated at 27% among underfives while low Body Mass Index (BMI) 37 for nonpregnant mothers in the reproductive ages was 14%. Malnutrition among women prior to and during pregnancy is usually associated with passage of nutritional problems from one generation to the next, making this high proportion a cause for concern. The survey also identified a number of factors that are highly associated with micronutrient deficiencies such as high disease caseload, low dietary diversity, among others. Households have very limited access to basic services including water and sanitary facilities and health care. Overall, only 32% of households have access to improved water sources, 24% to sanitary facilities, mainly communal latrines, and only 10% of the communities assessed reported having access to health care services within their proximity. Access to health and nutrition services such as deworming, mosquito nets (12%), measles immunisation (80%) and Vitamin A supplementation (71%) was relatively low. For measles immunisation to be effective in terms of establishing immunity, the coverage needs to exceed 95%. Almost all mothers breastfeed in Liberia for the first 4 6 months, however only about 25% breastfeed exclusively for 6months. Introducing complementary feeding before 6months is widely practiced. Reasons for not exclusively breastfeeding need to be determined in order to identify practical methods to encourage behavioural change. It is clear that the interventions needed to effectively deal with malnutrition must cover many aspects of social development, social services, and behavioural change. 37 In a healthy adult this is usually above 16% 34

43 Except for the comprehensive food and nutrition survey, regular nutrition information is limited and nonexisting from many areas of the country. There is an urgent need to develop a national nutrition surveillance system that can determine areas of intervention and progress. CLUSTER PRIORITY OBJECTIVES The priority objectives of the Nutrition Cluster for 2007 is to provide special nutritional services; provide supplementary feeding services; develop a national nutrition surveillance system; develop and implement a national nutrition plan of action from the national to the community levels; provide training to 400 professional health workers and 2,000 community health workers in communities with high rates of malnutrition; and establish a national routine system for Vitamin A, iron supplementation and deworming for pregnant and lactating women and children. Objective: Provide special nutritional services with a special focus on children less than 5 years old in Montserrado, Bong, Lofa, Maryland, and Grand Gedeh counties Indicator: Number of special nutritional services established. Objective: Provide supplementary feeding services to children less than 5years old and pregnant and lactating mothers in all 15 counties. Indicator: Number of supplementary feeding services established. Objective: Develop a national nutrition surveillance system Indicator: Number of county and national nutrition reports produced. Objective: Develop and implement a national nutrition plan of action from the national to the community levels with emphasis on children less than 5years old and all women of child bearing age Indicator: Number of national plan of action printed and disseminated. Objective: Provide training to 400 professional health workers and 2,000 community health workers in communities with high rates of malnutrition Indicator: Number of professional health workers and community health workers trained. Objective: Establish a national routine system for Vitamin A, iron supplementation and deworming for pregnant and lactating women and children Indicator: Number of national Vitamin A, Iron, and deworming campaigns conducted. Response Strategy As a result of the limited effective progress over the last 6 years, a more integrated approach is proposed for This approach consists of a threepronged strategy, which focuses on prevention, treatment, training, and capacity building. In order to be effective, interventions need to be multisectoral with links strengthened between the health, WATSAN, nutrition, and food security actors. Preventative measures will focus on building the capacity of the MoHSW Family Health Division and CHTs in nutrition surveillance as well as training of nutrition surveillance officers. Through this system, areas of moderate and high malnutrition rates will be identified. For a more integrated approach to treatment, it is proposed that the capacity of hospital staff be built to both recognise and manage malnutrition. Training for 50 Special Nutrition Unit personnel in 5 35

44 regional hospitals and 350 primary health care professionals will be provided to build this capacity. In order to ensure community capacity building for monitoring and reporting, 2,000 community health workers will also be trained. This will enable the identification and treatment of acutely malnourished cases in 5 regional hospitals. Additionally, supplementary feeding services will be established in areas with high rates of moderate malnutrition. The need for a government framework to guide national policy and activities is crucial; therefore support for the development and implementation of the National Nutrition Plan of Action is one of the key objectives for Monitoring and Reporting Improving monitoring and reporting on national and county level will be in focus during To strengthen the capacity of the MoHSW and its CHTs to lead, coordinate and monitor nutrition activities will be of significant importance. The capacity building of the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare will bring a regular monitoring and reporting to all actors in the nutrition sector. Monthly nutrition coordination meetings will continue and joint monitoring and supervision led by the Ministry with support from the partners will be intensified EDUCATION "I want to learn something for my future." Moimah, 22, belongs to a generation of youth who did not attend school during 14 years of civil war. Today she is finally learning how to read and write, courtesy of IRC. Background Education is not a cluster of its own. This has led to a lack of coordination mechanisms among the Ministry of Education (MoE), different agencies, and NGOs (with the exception of coordination of the Accelerated Learning Programme (ALP) programmes). The absence of coordination mechanisms has led to a lack of holistic approach to support the development of the education sector. Immediately after the crisis the emphasis was on back to school through the supply of teaching materials, short term teacher training and school rehabilitation. The ALP was established soon afterwards. To a large extent the main elements of that strategy remain. The focus has been on improving access to primary school. In 2007 there is a need to put greater emphasis on the quality of education, with focus on learning achievements and a holistic approach to education beyond primary schooling (primary, secondary, adult literacy, and technical and vocational education). Situation Analysis Liberia s education system has long been one of the weakest in Africa with poor access and poor quality as the major challenges. The preliminary results of the 2006 MoE School Census show that there are 847,852 students in 3,332 schools in the country of which 55.6% are males and 44.4% females. 38 Slightly over a third (35%) of the children are in preprimary levels, while 53% and 12% are at primary and secondary levels respectively. The ratio of girls to boys to girls is high at all levels preprimary (0.96), primary (0.72) and secondary (0.69). Gross primary school enrolment ratio is estimated at 76.6% (88.9% male and 64.4% female). The number of overaged children in school is very high (at all levels) ranging from 58.1% at primary level to 62.5% at secondary level. Consequently, the net primary school enrolment ratio is a mere 25% (27.9% male and 22.1% female). Other reasons for low enrolment rates include inability of parents to afford the school dues, children being retained to help with household chores, and insufficient grasp of the free and compulsory primary education policy by school principals and parents. There are a total of 25,178 teachers (20% females) of which 60% are untrained and unqualified. There is a wide geographical disparity of access to schools across the country and a much higher drop out rate for girls than there is for boys. At this stage there is very little access for disabled children. 38 Data from 580 schools in Montserrado County has not yet been processed and included in the analysis. 36

45 The lack of qualified teachers remains a mitigating factor to successfully rebuilding the education system in Liberia. The Teacher Training Institutes have not been reactivated, leaving the classrooms led by semiqualified teachers. More than 60% of teachers currently working in schools are unqualified and have received no training. Further, the payment of teachers salaries is irregular and well below a living wage. CLUSTER PRIORITY OBJECTIVES Objective: Improve the quality of teaching and learning Indicators: 750 teachers trained to C Certificate level; 1000 teachers receive refresher training; Teaching and learning materials provided to all public schools; 40,000 school pupil benches provided to public schools; Renovation of 200 schools; Water and sanitation facilities constructed/rehabilitated in 500 schools; School feeding in 2,000 schools. Objective: Improve educational management and instructional supervision in the 15 counties Indicators: 100 education officers trained; Supervision, reporting and data management systems established at county and national level; 1,000 of school principals trained; Education management and Information System Operational. Objective: To have 50,000 children enrolled in ALP classes Indicators: 50,000 children enrolled; 500 schools providing ALP classes. Response Strategy The proposed education sector actions seek to contribute to the MDGs and iprsp. The education sector seeks to provide improved access, quality, and participation in the schools by the majority of Liberian children and youth to increase the quality and number of trained educators; and to provide critical support to the MOE through targeted interventions for the Education Management Information System (EMIS) and support to instructional supervision. Increasing the quality of the teaching workforce entails both training and retaining the teachers in school. Teacher training and improving teachers well being are important. Operational Issues Establishing coordination mechanisms is essential for the success of the education sector program. The capacity of MoE to strengthen and update EMIS must be built, to address the information gap and to be able to track changes and emerging trends. In addition to the targeted interventions, the different agencies will continue regular support to education such as WFP s school feeding programme and UNICEF s distribution of school stationary. ALP providers will continue implementation of ALPs in Liberia. The cluster work on policy and strategies to address the gender disparity and limited inclusion of HIV/AIDS education in schools. 37

46 3.4.7 EARLY RECOVERY Background The Early Recovery 39 (ER) Cluster in Liberia focuses on three key areas a) basic rehabilitation of vital infrastructure, with emphasis on public buildings and strategic roads and bridges that connect Liberia with neighbouring countries and link farmtomarket roads; b) income generation, job creation and skills development activities focused on youths; and c) support for early rule of law activities. Figure 7: Road Accessibility During the Rainy Season: Number of Inaccessible Settlements Roads County Yes No Unknown Total Bomi Bong Gbarpolu Grand Bassa Grand Cape Mount Grand Gedeh Grand Kru Lofa Margibi Maryland Montserrad o Nimba River Cess River Gee Sinoe Total The ER Cluster is led by UNDP with support provided by UNMIL/RRR 40 and includes representatives from Government, UN and nonun organisations and NGOs such as the Ministries of Labour, Commerce and Industry, Agriculture, Planning and Economic Affairs, Internal Affairs, Justice, Youth, Public Works, Judiciary and Justice, as well as the LEEP/LEAP Secretariat, NIMAC, International Labour Organization (ILO), UNMIL, including RRR, Legal & Judicial, Civil Affairs and Human Rights Sections as well as Gender, and QIP Units, Humanitarian Coordination Section (HCS), Corrections and Police, plus UNDP, UNHCR, WFP, FAO, USAID, World Bank (WB), EC, CCF, EQUIP, DRC, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ), IFRC, IRC, LWF, Mercy Corps, ARC, Concern, LINNK, MSG, New African Research and Development Agency (NARDA), NRC, OXFAM. Situational Analysis The overall state of the country s infrastructure has been steadily eroding since the 1980s due to mismanagement, neglect, under investment and war, including looting. Consequently, much of the countries minimal infrastructure is in a serious state of disrepair. The losses include impassable roads, especially during the prolonged rainy season, collapsed bridges, insufficient electricity supply, unclean water and inadequate sanitation as well as damaged and looted public buildings. Unemployment in the formal sector is estimated at a staggering 8085%. High unemployment among youths undermines growth, hampers production and slows down poverty reduction as well as exacerbates security concerns. The collapse of agriculture production, the imposition of timber and diamond sanctions as well as the declining rubber production have had a negative impact on employment. Of the employed, it is estimated that 22% are employed in the formal sector (only 2% 39 Early Recovery is recovery that begins early in a humanitarian setting. It is a multidimensional process, guided by development principles.it aims to generate selfsustaining, nationally owned and resilient processes for postconflict recovery. It stabilises human security and addresses underlying risks that contributed to the crisis. ER is a responsibility for both the development and humanitarian agencies working in postconflict countries. 40 The convenors of the three subclusters are UNMIL LJDSSD for rule of law, UNMIL/RRR for infrastructure and UNDP for job creation and skills training. 38

47 women) and 78% are estimated to be in the informal economy, in low productivity and meagre income work. Longterm peace cannot be achieved if the population is not confident that redress for grievances can be obtained through legitimate structures for the peaceful settlement of disputes and fair administration of justice. This confidence is absent in Liberia as legitimate, accessible and fair structures are not in place for the resolution of conflict and a culture of impunity is pervasive. There are numerous reasons why justice is difficult to achieve in Liberia, but many challenges relate to the past conflict. Justice institutions and materials have been physically destroyed; the number of learned legal professionals and law enforcement officials with technical skills has withered. General attitudes about what is just and acceptable have been impacted by the war and the human rights movement did not leave any mark. Progress to Date Many public buildings were destroyed or severely damaged during the war. The Cluster developed a simple survey that enabled Superintendents themselves to point out the condition of administrative structures in their respective counties, revealing for the first time the state of all county administrative buildings. As a result, USAID and the UN, through the CST project, were able to commit financial resources in a systematic way for the rehabilitation/construction of those administrative structures that continue to remain in poor condition. Consequently, all county administrative buildings are expected to be rehabilitated and/or constructed before the end of the dryseason, ensuring that state authority is consolidated throughout the country. Bad road conditions throughout the country present major obstacles to the delivery of assistance and are a hindrance to growth and diversification of the rural economy. The Cluster has systematically collected detailed information on planned and ongoing road works to facilitate teamwork, encourage cooperation and avoid duplication of efforts in undertakings relating to primary, secondary and feeders roads, which make up the country s vast but poorly maintained road network system 41. As a result, three separate but related methods for collecting and disseminating information on ongoing and planned road works have been put into action: Labourintensive road rehabilitation schemes designed to provide shortterm employment opportunities and to improve the conditions of vital roadways; Who is doing what where in connection with ongoing and planned road work projects; Status of key national roads, contributing to the Roads and Bridges Management Information System. These efforts seek to bring about coherence in the planning and implementation of national roadwork projects. They have contributed towards the development of a National Public Works Programme (NPWP), which provides for labourintensive construction of a nationwide feeder road network. It is expected that over 75,000 jobs will be created over three years, allowing for improved access to communities and therefore greater possibilities for trade. These efforts have also contributed to increasing the focus on rehabilitation of vital roadways. Nine vital corridors (marked in green on map) have been targeted for rehabilitation during the dryseason (December 06April 07) amounting to over $35 million by six principal donors: WB, EC, USAID, UNMIL, UNDP, UNHCR and the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC). These include roadways from i) Kolahun to Vahun ii) Voinjama to Foya; iii) Voinjama to Zorzor; Monrovia to Ganta; iv) Ganta to Sanniquellie; v) Sanniquellie to Yekepa; vi) Ganta to Tapitta; vii) Zwedru to Fishtown; viii) Monrovia to Buchanan; and ix) Buchanan to Greenville. Income generation, job creation and skills development activities focused on youths The Government launched its employment strategy (LEEP/LEAP) in July 2006 containing six key initiatives 42, providing for a phased approach looking at immediate jobcreation while simultaneously moving towards an employment program. A secretariat, supported by ILO, has been set up, a coordinator is being recruited, and subcommittees for each key initiative are active. 41 The road network system is grouped into three categories: primary roads (732km paved and 1,128km unpaved), secondary roads (1,947km) and feeder roads (4,211km). 42 Public works, skills training, facilitation of the graduation of the informal economy and boosting, micro, small and medium enterprise sectors, labour statistics and market information, social dialogue and agriculture. 39

48 Chairs of the key initiatives presented their employmentcreation efforts to the ER which enhanced the link and complementarity between the Government and NGOs around the LEEP/LEAP strategy, particularly in the areas of boosting micro, small and medium enterprise sectors, skills training and agriculture. Youth being a crucial actor in the transition, creating an enabling environment for youth is at the core of recovery challenges. To explore employment opportunities that are currently available to youth in Liberia and recommend specific interventions that can improve employment prospects in the short and medium term, ILO and UNDP supported a study on employment opportunities and working conditions of rural and periurban youth, which is being finalised. Its recommendations will contribute to the LEEP/LEAP action plan, the operationalisation of the National Youth Policy as well as the efforts of the ER Cluster. Another study on vocational skills training programme for Liberia refugee/returnee adolescents and youth, supported by UNHCR and ILO is being undertaken within the ER framework. Its conclusions will also guide the ER cluster in Rule of Law Aiming at establishing an effective administration of justice, the Cluster has collected data on ongoing and planned interventions in the areas of rule of law infrastructure (prisons, police stations and courts), early community sensitisation and support for the application of the rule of law. Maps have been produced, providing an overview of the status of the rehabilitation/construction of prisons, police stations and courts. As a result, 4 Magistrate Court buildings (Bensonville, Careysburg, Gbarnga and Greenville), 2 Circuit Courts (Kakata and Tubmanburg), 5 police stations (Bopolu, Robertsport, Zorzor, Ganta, Greenville) were rehabilitated/constructed in Further, rehabilitation of five courts (Fishtown, Barclayville, Tiene, RIA Unification town and Gbah), 6 police stations, and 3 correction facilities (Gbarnga, Zwedru and Harper) are being rehabilitated. Finally, for 2007 funding has been confirmed for the rehabilitation of 23 police stations throughout the country. The priority areas for intervention in 2007 include four courts and four bureaux of immigration structures. The Cluster is in the process of compiling/making necessary assessments with their counterparts to develop databases that also include the status of staffing, furniture, and equipment in their respective areas to be handed over successively to the Government. Strategy and Priorities The Government s key priorities as outlined in the interim Poverty Reduction Strategy (IPRS) includes the rebuilding of the road network, job creation and the promotion of good governance and rule of law. The ER Cluster will therefore continue to focus on the 3 key areas outlined in its TOR, which include basic rehabilitation of vital infrastructure; income generation, job creation and skills development activities focused on youths and support for early rule of law activities. However, now that the Government has finalised its iprs 43 and reviews the LRDC 44 structure as the framework for its aid coordination mechanism, there is an opportunity to transfer the work of the UNled humanitarian clusters to comprehensive Governmentled sectors. To facilitate this transfer, the ER Cluster will work with the Government, in particular the LRDC secretariat, as well as HCS, NGOs and other cluster and pillar leads to support and build capacity of a wellfunctioning Government coordination mechanism. Objectives: Activities and Indicators Priority 1: Basic rehabilitation of vital infrastructure As the coordination mechanisms are being revised, it is expected that the objectives in this area roll over to Governmentled coordination groups under the pillar of basic social services and infrastructure. Once these forums are set up, the role of the ER subcluster will be to support these mechanisms and assist with the transfer of responsibilities. 43 Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy (IPRS) 44 Liberia Reconstruction and Development Committee (LRDC) 40

49 Objective 1: All county administrative buildings constructed/rehabilitated, furnished, equipped and functioning. Activity: Rehabilitate/construct County administrative building. Activity: Provide equipment and furniture to administrative buildings. Activity: Organise training for local government. Objective 2: Activity: Activity: Activity: Activity: Activity: Objective 3: Activity: Activity: Objective 4: Activity: Key roads and bridges rehabilitated connecting Liberia with neighbouring countries, linking farmtomarket roads and enhancing access during the rainy season. Coordinate efforts of various donors and mobilise resources to fill gaps. Create employment opportunities through labourintensive road rehabilitation projects. Maintain and update map of major road works ongoing and planned throughout the county. Ensure training for Ministry of Public Works maintenance teams is being undertaken. Undertake, monitor and report on major ongoing road works. Urban public works, including sewerage and solid waste management, rehabilitation/construction of public buildings and shelter/housing and markets Coordinate efforts of various donors as well as local and national authorities involved in urban public works. Undertake, monitor and report on the full range of urban public works carried out in major urban centres. Basic Social Services and Infrastructure pillar and coordination groups functioning. Support the Ministry of Public Works, and the cochair in setting up of the pillar and the relevant coordination groups. Priority 2: Income generation, job creation and skills development activities with focus on youth In order to contribute to the President s call for jobs first, the cluster support the Liberia Employment Strategy (LEEP/LEAP) and approaches that will provide employment opportunities and skills development for the people of Liberia, especially youth. Also, as the coordination mechanisms are being revised, it is expected that the objectives set in this area roll over to the LEEP/LEAP framework. Objective 1: Activity: Activity: Activity: Objective 2: Activity: Activity: Activity: Employment creation through labourintensive programmes in infrastructure and other sectors promoted Improve road network through public works programmes, increasing market access and trade (see priority 1, objectives 2 and 3). Introduce targets concerning recruitment of young people in the design of major infrastructure rehabilitation works. Promote employment creation for young people in communitybased programmes. Financial intermediation, microcredit and empowerment opportunities for young people improved Support the establishment of microcredit programmes for young people. Facilitate access to savings and deposit services for young people. Provide support to the development of the Liberian Entrepreneur; Development/Enterprise Empowerment Initiative. Objective 3: Build capacity of the Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) system Activity: Support existing structures for transmission of vocational skills such as apprenticeships Activity: Support the development of TVET policy, governance structure and national qualification framework. Activity: Assist with the introduction of enterprise culture in the TVET system. Activity: Assist with job and training opportunity identification assistance for youth. Activity: Support communitybased training on income generation. 41

50 Objective 4: Activity: Activity: Activity: Build capacity of the LEEP/LEAP mechanism Provide support to the LEEP/LEAP secretariat and subcommittees. Provide support to the development of a labour market information system Assist with the preparation of the employment part for the donor s conference Priority 3: Support for early rule of law activities. As the coordination mechanisms are being revised, it is expected that the objectives set in this area will roll over to Governmentled coordination groups under the governance and rule of law pillar. The ER cluster will assist with the setting up and the functioning of these forums. Objective 1: Activity: Activity: Activity: Objective 2: Activity: Activity: Objective 3: Activity: Objective 4: Activity: Objective 5: Activity: County rule of law infrastructure, including courts, police stations and corrections facilities improved. Map courts (Circuit, Magistrate and Justices of the Peace), police stations and corrections facilities, including information on building status, furniture, equipment and staffing. Identify gaps in terms of rehabilitation and mobilise resources. Provide, legal materials, furniture and equipment to rule of law structures. Support the development of legal assistance, including paralegal advisory services and legal aid Map projects on legal assistance in the nature of paralegal advisory service and legal aid Support legal assistance efforts. Establish systems to protect women and children from sexual exploitation and abuse and other forms of violence Work with the protection cluster and GBV Task Force on advocacy, training and awareness campaigns. Support public awareness and community sensitisation campaigns aiming at protection vulnerable groups Map ongoing and planned public awareness/community sensitisation projects. Rule of law and Governance Pillar of the LRDC functioning Support the Minister of Planning and Economic Affairs in the setting up of the Governance and Rule of law pillar. Priority 4: Objective 1: Activity: Activity: Support and build capacity of the Government aid coordination mechanism Cluster efforts continued (if need be) under the Government coordination framework and supported. Work with LRDC secretariat, pillar and cluster leads to build capacity of the four pillars, ensuring sustainability of efforts. Assist with the development of phasing out/in strategies of all clusters. 42

51 4. SUMMARY: STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE: LIBERIA COMMON HUMANITARIAN ACTION PLAN 2007 Strategic Priority Cluster / Sector Health 1. Provide basic social services to vulnerable populations Water and sanitation 2. Revitalise communities to become sustainable, secure and productive Health Water and sanitation Protection Corresponding Response Plan Objectives Improve access to quality and lifesaving obstetric care Increase quality primary health care (PHC) services among the population Rehabilitate and improve water and sanitation facilities Physical and psychosocial rehabilitation in Liberia Rehabilitate and improve water and sanitation facilities Provide support towards the reintegration of children and youth Develop and support a comprehensive health care response to GVB victims Associated Projects Agency Provision of secondary and emergency obstetric care WHO / Health Cluster Provision of minimum basic primary health care package WHO / Health Cluster Provision of WATSAN services in choleraprone rural areas of low coverage Improved water & sanitation facilities with extensive hygiene education in two of the most cholera affected communities in Monrovia Evangelical Children Rehabilitation Programme (ECREP); Samaritan s Purse; EQUIP Liberia ZOA Refugee Care Physical and psychosocial rehabilitation in Liberia WHO / Health Cluster WATSAN services in rural, low coverage areas of high return Adventist Development & Relief Agency (ADRA); Lutheran World Federation / World Service (LWF); Peace Winds Japan (PWJ); Christian Children s Fund (CCF) Support to children without primary caregivers and juvenile justice UNICEF Reintegration of children demobilised from fighting forces UNICEF SAFE safeguarding the future effectively Christian Children s Fund Protection of children from sexual violence, exploitation and abuse UNICEF Meeting the health needs of GVB survivors Christian Children s Fund 43

52 Strategic Priority Cluster / Sector 3. Revitalise communities to become sustainable, secure and productive 3. Strengthen the capacity of civil society and local authorities to support the recovery process Food & Agriculture Nutrition Education Health Corresponding Response Plan Objectives Augment food availability and/or increase access to food throughout Liberia Provide special nutritional supplementary feeding services Increase enrolment rate by 5% and completion rate by 5%, and improve gender parity in enrolment and completion. Increase literacy rate with particular focus on women To improve the training of health workers and increase the supervisory and monitoring capacity of rural health authorities Water and sanitation Support to capacity building Protection Food & Agriculture Education Build the capacity of national institutions, communitybased structures, and civil society in protection issues Enhance institutional capacities of national and local government to manage food resources To increase HIV/AIDS awareness among students, teachers and staff Associated Projects Agency Emergency assistance of agricultural inputs to waraffected population in urban and periurban areas in 8 major cities Emergency provision and multiplication of improved planting materials to war affected farmers in eight counties Emergency assistance to support rehabilitation of aquaculture farming in Nimba, Grand Gedeh, River Gee and Lofa Counties Prevention and treatment of malnutrition in Liberia FAO / Food Security Cluster FAO / Food Security Cluster FAO / Food Security Cluster UNICEF ALP UNICEF Access to quality education and increase girls enrolment Reactivation of two midlevel health training institutions and strengthening the capacity of County Health Teams Institutional and Community Capacity Building for Sustenance of Water and Sanitation Facilities, Hygiene Promotion, Cluster Coordination and Monitoring UNICEF WHO / Health Cluster UNICEF Protection of and assistance to refugees, Liberian returnees and receiving communities UNHCR GVB and the Legal Sector CCF Building the capacity of the justice sector through paralegal services, rightsbased trainings and support to civil society organisations Addressing emergency pest management problems and strengthening plant protection capacities of field agricultural extension agents and smallholder farmers. IRC, UNICEF HIV/AIDS Education in the Curriculum UNESCO FAO / Food Security Cluster 44

53 Table II. List of Projects by Sector Table II: Common Humanitarian Action Plan for Liberia 2007 List of Projects By Sector as of 9 February Project Code Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Appealing Agency Sector/Activity Page 1 of 2 Original Requirements (US$) AGRICULTURE LIB07/A01 FAO Addressing emergency pest management problems and 3,600,000 strengthening plant protection capacities of field agricultural extension agents and smallholder farmers. LIB07/A02 FAO Emergency assistance of agricultural inputs to waraffected 2,400,000 population in urban and periurban areas in 8 major cities LIB07/A03 FAO Emergency provision and multiplication of improved 3,500,000 planting materials to war affected farmers in eight counties LIB07/A04 FAO Emergency assistance to support rehabilitation of 1,200,000 aquaculture farming in Nimba, Grand Gedeh, River Gee and Lofa Counties Subtotal for AGRICULTURE 10,700,000 EDUCATION LIB07/E01 UNESCO HIV/AIDS Education in the Curriculum 300,000 LIB07/E02 UNICEF Accelerated Learning Programme (ALP) 702,000 LIB07/E03 UNICEF Access to quality education and increase girls enrolment 2,534,000 Subtotal for EDUCATION 3,536,000 HEALTH LIB07/H01 WHO Provision of secondary and emergency obstetric care 9,000,000 LIB07/H02 WHO Physical and Psychosocial Rehabilitation in Liberia 2,000,000 LIB07/H03 WHO Provision of Minimum Basic Primary Health Care Package 20,000,000 LIB07/H04 WHO Reactivation of two midlevel health training institutions and 10,000,000 strengthening the capacity of the County Health Teams LIB07/H05 UNICEF Prevention and treatment of malnutrition in Liberia 2,703,000 Subtotal for HEALTH 43,703,000 MULTISECTOR LIB07/MS01 UNHCR Protection and Assistance to Refugees, Liberian Returnees 32,265,201 and Receiving Communities Subtotal for MULTISECTOR 32,265,201 The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 45

54 Table II: Common Humanitarian Action Plan for Liberia 2007 List of Projects By Sector as of 9 February Project Code Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Appealing Agency Sector/Activity Page 2 of 2 Original Requirements (US$) PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW LIB07/P/HR/RL01 CCF GBV and the Legal Sector 394,000 LIB07/P/HR/RL02 CCF Meeting the health needs of GBV survivors 440,000 LIB07/P/HR/RL03 CCF SAFE Safeguarding the Future Effectively 500,000 LIB07/P/HR/RL04 IRC Building the capacity of the justice sector through paralegal 500,000 services, rightsbased trainings and support to civil society organizations LIB07/P/HR/RL05 UNICEF Children without Primary Caregivers and Juvenile Justice 592,000 LIB07/P/HR/RL06 UNICEF Reintegration of demobilised children and other war 8,060,000 affected children LIB07/P/HR/RL07 UNICEF Protection of children from sexual violence, exploitation and 2,802,000 abuse LIB07/P/HR/RL08 UNHCR Protection of and Assistance to returned IDPs and 7,340,960 Receiving Communities Subtotal for PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW 20,628,960 WATER AND SANITATION LIB07/WS01 ZOA Refugee Care Improved water & sanitation facilities with extensive hygiene 348,630 education in two of the most cholera affected communities in Monrovia LIB07/WS02 UNICEF Institutional and Community Capacity Building for 3,343,875 Sustenance of Water and Sanitation Facilities, Hygiene Promotion, Cluster Coordination and Monitoring LIB07/WS03A ECREP WATSAN Services in CholeraProne Rural Areas of Low 350,000 Coverage LIB07/WS03B EQUIP Liberia WATSAN Services in CholeraProne Rural Areas of Low 336,916 Coverage LIB07/WS03C Samaritan's Purse WATSAN Services in CholeraProne Rural Areas of Low 290,326 Coverage LIB07/WS04A ADRA WATSAN Services in Rural, Low Coverage Areas of High 320,000 Return LIB07/WS04B LWF WATSAN Services in Rural, Low Coverage Areas of High 285,000 Return LIB07/WS04C CCF WATSAN Services in Rural, Low Coverage Areas of High 382,490 Return (CCF Bomi) LIB07/WS04D PWJ WATSAN Services in Rural, Low Coverage Areas of High 151,000 Return LIB07/WS04E IRC WATSAN Services in Rural, Low Coverage Areas of High 149,915 Return Subtotal for WATER AND SANITATION 5,958,152 Grand Total 116,791,313 The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 46

55 Table III. List of Projects by Appealing Organisation Table III: Common Humanitarian Action Plan for Liberia 2007 List of Projects By Appealing Organisation as of 9 February reliefweb.int/fts Project Code Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Sector Name Sector/Activity Page 1 of 4 Original Requirements (US$) ADRA LIB07/WS04A WATER AND SANITATION WATSAN Services in Rural, Low Coverage Areas of 320,000 High Return Sub total for ADRA 320,000 CCF LIB07/P/HR/RL01 PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW GBV and the Legal Sector 394,000 LIB07/P/HR/RL02 PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW Meeting the health needs of GBV survivors 440,000 LIB07/P/HR/RL03 PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW SAFE Safeguarding the Future Effectively 500,000 LIB07/WS04C WATER AND SANITATION WATSAN Services in Rural, Low Coverage Areas of High Return (CCF Bomi) 382,490 Sub total for CCF 1,716,490 ECREP LIB07/WS03A WATER AND SANITATION WATSAN Services in CholeraProne Rural Areas of Low Coverage 350,000 Sub total for ECREP 350,000 EQUIP Liberia LIB07/WS03B WATER AND SANITATION WATSAN Services in CholeraProne Rural Areas of Low Coverage 336,916 Sub total for EQUIP Liberia 336,916 The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 47

56 Table III: Common Humanitarian Action Plan for Liberia 2007 List of Projects By Appealing Organisation as of 9 February reliefweb.int/fts Project Code Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Sector Name Sector/Activity Page 2 of 4 Original Requirements (US$) FAO LIB07/A01 AGRICULTURE Addressing emergency pest management problems and strengthening plant protection capacities of field 3,600,000 agricultural extension agents and smallholder farmers. LIB07/A02 AGRICULTURE Emergency assistance of agricultural inputs to waraffected population in urban and periurban areas in 2,400,000 8 major cities LIB07/A03 AGRICULTURE Emergency provision and multiplication of improved 3,500,000 planting materials to war affected farmers in eight counties LIB07/A04 AGRICULTURE Emergency assistance to support rehabilitation of 1,200,000 aquaculture farming in Nimba, Grand Gedeh, River Gee and Lofa Counties Sub total for FAO 10,700,000 IRC LIB07/P/HR/RL04 PROTECTION/HUMAN Building the capacity of the justice sector through 500,000 RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW paralegal services, rightsbased trainings and support to civil society organizations LIB07/WS04E WATER AND SANITATION WATSAN Services in Rural, Low Coverage Areas of 149,915 High Return Sub total for IRC 649,915 LWF LIB07/WS04B WATER AND SANITATION WATSAN Services in Rural, Low Coverage Areas of High Return 285,000 Sub total for LWF 285,000 PWJ LIB07/WS04D WATER AND SANITATION WATSAN Services in Rural, Low Coverage Areas of High Return 151,000 Sub total for PWJ 151,000 Samaritan's Purse LIB07/WS03C WATER AND SANITATION WATSAN Services in CholeraProne Rural Areas of Low Coverage 290,326 Sub total for Samaritan's Purse 290,326 The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 48

57 Table III: Common Humanitarian Action Plan for Liberia 2007 List of Projects By Appealing Organisation as of 9 February reliefweb.int/fts Project Code Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Sector Name Sector/Activity Page 3 of 4 Original Requirements (US$) UNESCO LIB07/E01 EDUCATION HIV/AIDS Education in the Curriculum 300,000 Sub total for UNESCO 300,000 UNHCR LIB07/MS01 MULTISECTOR Protection and Assistance to Refugees, Liberian Returnees and Receiving Communities 32,265,201 LIB07/P/HR/RL08 PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW Protection of and Assistance to returned IDPs and Receiving Communities 7,340,960 Sub total for UNHCR 39,606,161 UNICEF LIB07/E02 EDUCATION Accelerated Learning Programme (ALP) 702,000 LIB07/E03 EDUCATION Access to quality education and increase girls 2,534,000 enrolment LIB07/H05 HEALTH Prevention and treatment of malnutrition in Liberia 2,703,000 LIB07/P/HR/RL05 PROTECTION/HUMAN Children without Primary Caregivers and Juvenile 592,000 RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW Justice LIB07/P/HR/RL06 PROTECTION/HUMAN Reintegration of demobilised children and other war 8,060,000 RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW affected children LIB07/P/HR/RL07 PROTECTION/HUMAN Protection of children from sexual violence, 2,802,000 RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW exploitation and abuse LIB07/WS02 WATER AND SANITATION Institutional and Community Capacity Building for Sustenance of Water and Sanitation Facilities, 3,343,875 Hygiene Promotion, Cluster Coordination and Monitoring Sub total for UNICEF 20,736,875 WHO LIB07/H01 HEALTH Provision of secondary and emergency obstetric 9,000,000 care LIB07/H02 HEALTH Physical and Psychosocial Rehabilitation in Liberia 2,000,000 LIB07/H03 HEALTH Provision of Minimum Basic Primary Health Care 20,000,000 Package LIB07/H04 HEALTH Reactivation of two midlevel health training 10,000,000 institutions and strengthening the capacity of the County Health Teams Sub total for WHO 41,000,000 The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 49

58 Table III: Common Humanitarian Action Plan for Liberia 2007 List of Projects By Appealing Organisation as of 9 February reliefweb.int/fts Project Code Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by the respective appealing organisation. Sector Name Sector/Activity Page 4 of 4 Original Requirements (US$) ZOA Refugee Care LIB07/WS01 WATER AND SANITATION Improved water & sanitation facilities with extensive 348,630 hygiene education in two of the most cholera affected communities in Monrovia Sub total for ZOA Refugee Care 348,630 Grand Total: 116,791,313 The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 50

59 5. SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL REQUIREMENTS BY CLUSTER/SECTOR Common Humanitarian Action Plan for Liberia 2007 Summary of Requirements by Cluster / Sector As of 9 February 2007 Cluster / Sector Name Original Requirements $ Food Security 10,700,000 Education 3,536,000 Health 41,000,000 Nutrition 2,703,000 Protection 52,894,161 Water and Sanitation 5,958,152 Grand Total 116,791,313 51

60 6. PROJECT SUMMARIES 6.1 HEALTH Appealing Agency WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) Project Title Provision of secondary and emergency obstetric care Project Code LIB07/H01 Sector Health Objective To improve access to quality secondary care and lifesaving obstetric care Beneficiaries 900,000 Implementing Partners UNFPA, NGOs and the MoHSW Project Duration January December 2007 Total Project Budget $9,000,000 Funds Requested for 2007 $9,000,000 Summary Access to secondary and emergency obstetric care services is still a major problem in the country. Currently, minimum secondary health care services are limited to Monrovia and the regional hospitals, which were revitalised by NGOs. With anticipated withdrawal of the humanitarian NGOs due to funding difficulties, additional gap in access to secondary care will be created. In addition, there is inadequate access to emergency obstetric care in many of the counties, especially the underserved communities accounting for an increase in maternal mortality. Though minimal level of health care can be provided through the basic health care package, the need to refer serious and or complicated cases will continue to arise in the country. When these needs are not addressed, they will lead to an increase in maternal mortality in a country already coping with high mortality and morbidity rates. Strategically, the regional referral hospitals in Buchanan, Tubmanburg and Harper would be supported in 2007 to continue providing improved and quality secondary and emergency obstetric care. Main Activities 1. Provide drugs, medical supplies and equipment; 2. Provide surgical, emergency and antenatal obstetric services; 3. Support the Ministry of Health with incentives as a pull factor for retaining qualified staff; and 4. Provide logistical support for referrals. Outcome 1. Increase in access and quality of secondary and emergency obstetric care at major health facilities; 2. Reduction in maternal mortality. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Staff costs 2,250,000 Implementing costs or operating costs 5,396,559 Project monitoring and reporting 764,656 Project support cost 588,785 Funds requested for ,000,000 52

61 Appealing Agency WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) Project Title Physical and Psychosocial Rehabilitation in Liberia Project Code LIB07/H02 Sector Health Objective To assist government, partners and civil society to cope with postconflict consequences, such as PTSDrelated illnesses, etc. Beneficiaries 850,000 Implementing Partners UNFPA, Ministry of Health and NGOs Project Duration January December 2007 Total Project Budget $2,000,000 Funds Requested for 2007 $2,000,000 Summary There is a need for comprehensive health care for SGBV victims and other mental health services in Liberia, as a large section of the country s population has been traumatised by the long period of war. The successful reintegration of the affected sections of the community will depend on effective community based psychosocial actions. Studies conducted by WHO in 2004 and 2005 among girls and women on sexual and gender based violence in Liberia revealed 100% exposure to some form of sexual and gender violence, and 74% who were raped required psychosocial and mental care. Similarly, problems of drug use among excombatants had been documented as one of the causes of high crime rates in the country. WHO in collaboration with the Government of Liberia and NGOs initiated institutional and community based psychosocial programmes for victims of SGBV including posttraumatic disorders. Medical, psychosocial care for PTSD and SGBV victims is crosscutting, in line with the overall strategic health priorities, especially the provision of essential basic social services. Although men and women have suffered the consequences of war, the coping mechanisms of the majority of the affected population remain underserved, especially women and children. It is a recognised fact that PTSD can be a lifethreatening event and can lead to additional violence, including domestic violence. Main Activities Community sensitisation and strengthening of communitybased mental health care services; Train communitybased health workers on counselling and management of common psychosocial problems/post traumatic syndrome disorders; Provide drugs and medical supplies for SGBV and PTSD related disorders; Provide social network for support and rehabilitation; Recruit a clinical psychologist and psychiatrist; Provide seed money for income generating activities for victims. Expected Outcome Government, civil society and NGOs assisted to cope with the consequences of post conflict traumatic and psychosocial illnesses. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Staff costs 400,000 Implementing costs or operating costs 1, Project monitoring and reporting 169,923 Administrative costs 130,841 Funds requested for ,000,000 53

62 Appealing Agency WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) Project Title Provision of Minimum Basic Primary Health Care Package Project Code LIB07/H03 Sector Health Objective To provide and maintain quality primary health care services in 2007 Beneficiaries 3,500,000 Implementing Partners UNFPA, UNICEF, NGOs, MoHSW Project Duration January December 2007 Total Project Budget $20,000,000 Funds Requested for 2007 $20,000,000 Summary One and half decades of civil conflict have led to severe disruption of social services, including health care, and this has impacted negatively on the health status of the population. The interruption of the health care delivery system in Liberia has resulted in some of the worse health indicators compared to most countries in subsahara Africa. While there are still humanitarian needs, Liberia is now considered to be in a transition phase towards recovery and reconstruction. Vaccine preventable and communicable diseases, especially malaria, acute respiratory infections, diarrhoeal diseases, tuberculosis, Lassa fever, among others, are of major concern, and contribute to high morbidity and mortality. The prevention and control of these health problems will reduce morbidity, mortality, disability, and increase socioeconomic productivity. Access and continuation of basic primary health care services is a major challenge as funding to the health sector has continued to decline, while communities in underserved counties have limited access to any form of health services. Agencies and NGOs are supporting the Government of Liberia to provide primary health care services at 350 health facilities in the country. However, their activities have changed over time, depending on access, funding and other considerations. Continuing and maintaining primary health care services in line with the Ministry of Health minimum basic health care package will contribute to reduction of preventable morbidity and mortality. In particular, neonatal, underfive and maternal mortalities can also be reduced through supplemental interventions in the underserved communities. Main Activities 3. Provide drugs, medical supplies and equipment; 4. Provide curative health care services; 5. Implement health prevention and hygiene promotion activities; 6. Support the Ministry of Health through provision of minimum incentive levels to attract health staff to the rural communities; 7. Continue to build the capacity of the health staff through onjob and basic skills training; 8. Provide sanitary and water facilities at health facilities; 9. Provide logistical support for monitoring and supervision. Expected Outcome 1. Increased access to quality and basic minimum primary health care services; 2. Reduction in maternal, infant and child mortality rates. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Staff costs 5,000,000 Implementing costs or operating costs 11,992,354 Project monitoring and reporting 1,699,235 Project support cost 1,308,411 Funds requested for ,000,000 54

63 Appealing Agency Project Title Project Code Sector Objective LIBERIA Beneficiaries Implementing Partners Project Duration January December 2007 Total Project Budget $10,000,000 Funds Requested for 2007 $10,000,000 WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) Reactivation of two midlevel health training institutions and strengthening the capacity of the County Health Teams LIB07/H04 Health To improve the training of health workers and increase the supervisory and monitoring capacity of rural health authorities 2,000 health professionals MoHSW and NGOs Summary Many years of conflict resulted in a massive exodus of skilled and experienced personnel, leading to an absolute shortage of trained health staff compared to the projected staffing requirement that existed prior to the war. Furthermore, the capacity of the decentralised Ministry of Health Structures (i.e. County Health Teams) to supervise and monitor health activities in the 15 counties is weak. To narrow the gap created by shortage in health personnel, training of midlevel health workers and strengthening of County Health Teams must receive urgent attention. Strategies to reduce the imbalances, especially between supply and demand, will include strengthening the Tubman National Institute of Medical Arts (TNIMA) to train physician assistants, Nurse Anaesthetists, Nurses, Certified Midwives and environmental health technicians. In addition, the health training institution in Zwedru, Grand Gedeh County will be reactivated in These interventions will narrow the shortage of the required human resource for health and will prepare the government for smooth transition from emergency to recovery and reconstruction. The curricula for physician assistants, nurses and midwives will be revised given the prevailing health needs of the population, and the focus towards PHC. Training quotas on a geographic basis, for admissions to the two healthtraining institutions, and rural/community service programme for new graduates shall be reintroduced by the Government to enhance equity in the distribution of health workers. Main Activities 1. Rehabilitate two midlevel health training institutions; 2. Provide training materials and equipment; 3. Revise the curriculum in line with the government policy; 4. Support the County Health Teams countrywide; 5. Recruit qualified instructors; 6. Provide allowances and stipend to students. Expected Outcomes 1. Two midlevel healthtraining institutions reactivated and functional; 2. Increase in the number of trained qualified health personnel; 3. County Health Teams capacitated to oversee decentralisation management of health services. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Staff costs 2,500,000 Implementing costs or operating costs 5,996,176 Project monitoring and reporting 849,618 Project support cost 654,206 Funds requested for ,000,000 55

64 6.2 WATER & SANITATION Appealing Agency ZOA REFUGEE CARE Project Title Improved water & sanitation facilities with extensive hygiene education in two of the most cholera affected communities in Monrovia Project Code LIB07/WS01 Sector Water & Sanitation Objective To improve access to quality water and sanitation facilities for residents in two of the poorest urban communities in Monrovia with a high incidence of cholera; To build capacity of two local NGOs to manage effectively water, sanitation and community education programmes. Beneficiaries Direct: 63,000; Children < 5 years 20%: Women 30% Implementing Partners ZOA Refugee Care, 2 local NGOs, Ministries of Health, Education & Lands, Mines and Energy. Project Duration January December 2007 Total Project Budget $348,630 Funds Requested for 2007 $348,630 Summary The project supports overall strategic & sectoral priorities in the WATSAN Cluster by improving access to safe water supplies and sanitation facilities, and by promoting changes in knowledge, attitudes & practice of poor urban communities suffering a high incidence of cholera (245 cases of cholera reported in targeted villages and surrounding communities between JulyNovember 2006). Emphasis will be placed upon hygiene promotion in the Doe Community and Topoe Village communities and on the movement, storage and treatment of water at the household level to reduce morbidity in these target communities. Main Activities Construction / rehabilitation of 40 handdug community wells and installation of hand pumps & provision of materials for some 320 (c.50% of 2 communities) families in the construction of family latrines and bath houses; Distribution of hygiene kits (buckets, jerry cans, towels, soap) to 320 families to reinforce hygiene promotion messages on safe handling & storage of water in the home by women; and Capacity building of two local NGOs in technical aspects of WATSAN, project cycle management and accounting, training of 300 community facilitators in relevant WATSAN maintenance techniques and adult peer to peer hygiene & environmental education. Expected Outcomes Improved access to quality water & improved hygiene practices, leading to a reduction in reported morbidity due to waterborne diseases amongst the participating target communities by 50% by the end of the project; Two partners local NGOs trained and capacitated to sustain efficiently WATSAN operations in the long term. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Staff costs 37,540 Implementing or operating costs 284,100 Administration costs 26,990 Funds requested for ,630 56

65 Appealing Agency UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN S FUND (UNICEF) Project Title Institutional and Community Capacity Building for Sustenance of Water and Sanitation Facilities, Hygiene Promotion, Cluster Coordination and Monitoring Project Code LIB07/WS02 Sector Water & Sanitation Objective Improve NGO technical capacity and skills in facility construction, participatory hygiene promotion, and reporting. Support community action for safe environmental sanitation maintenance. Beneficiaries Implementing Partners Project Duration January December 2007 Total Project Budget $3,343,875 Funds Requested for 2007 $3,343,875 TOTAL: 1,500 communities; 20 NGOs; 15,000 families MRD; Foundation for All ages (FALL); Water and Sanitation Incorporated (WSI); MoHSW; MoE; NGOs; CBOs and communities Summary Analysis of incidents of diarrhoearelated mortality indicates that access to improved sanitation has a greater impact than access to safe drinking water without sanitation and hygiene improvements. Yet only 5% of rural communities in Liberia have access to improved sanitation facilities. Poor quality construction is widespread owing to lack of adequate equipment, tools and skills. There are no institutional arrangements for sustenance of existing facilities, thereby predisposing user communities to diarrhoea and cholera for lack of safe water and poor sanitation leading to preventable deaths. Diarrhoea accounts for 22% of deaths among children under5. The project aims at building capacity of implementing partners in facility construction to the set standards, providing effective participatory skills in hygiene promotion and sanitation marketing, which would yield community action to improve sanitation and hygiene practices, and institutionalise support for community based maintenance to ensure sustenance of WATSAN facilities. The project will also support Cluster coordination and monitoring. Main Activities Institutionalise support to communitybased hand pump operation and management (O&M); Provide well and latrine construction equipment and tools to 20 NGOs; Social mobilisation and provision of sanitation tools to communities; Build NGO capacity to conduct community and schoolbased hygiene education and promotion; Conduct environmental hygiene maintenance and water quality monitoring and control. Expected Outcomes 20 NGOs will have sufficient technical capacity to construct wells and latrines to the set standards; 1,500 hand pumps kept functional under county and communitybased hand pump O&M scheme; 15,000 families supported to construct family latrines for demonstration in 1,500 communities; 1,500 communities and 1,500 schools covered by and active in hygiene education and promotion; 500 communities exhibiting good sanitation/hygiene behaviour and practices. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Implementing/operating costs 2,712,500 Administrative costs (including technical support and staff costs) 631,375 Funds requested for ,343,875 57

66 Appealing Agency EVANGELICAL CHILDREN REHABILITATION PROGRAMME (ECREP); EQUIP LIBERIA (EQUIP); SAMARITAN S PURSE Project Title WATSAN Services in CholeraProne Rural Areas of Low Coverage Project Code LIB07/WS03A, B & C Sector Water & Sanitation Objective Component A: provide assistance to improve water and environmental sanitation facilities for 36 communities (comprised of 25,000 returnees and host community residents) in Timbo District, River Cess County. Component B: increase access to safe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene education in schools, health facilities and cholera hot spot communities and build capacity of NGOs & CBOs for management of improved water, sanitation & hygiene education and facilities. Component C: provide safe and sanitary latrines for schools, clinics, and households and assist in the training and promotion of hygiene education through local groups, community committees and local health facilities, in Foya, Kolahun, and Voinjama Districts in Lofa county and Bopolu and Gbarma Districts in Gbarpolu County. Beneficiaries TOTAL: 245,000; Children: 60,400; Women: 80,000; returnees: 8,000; Others: 96,600 Implementing Partners By component (A) ECREP, (B) EQUIP, and (C) Samaritan Purse Project Duration January December 2007 Total Project Budget $1,009,501 Funds Requested for 2007 $977,242 Summary There is a high prevalence of cholera and diarrhoea in areas of low coverage with poor access to humanitarian assistance in River Cess, Lofa, and Gbarpolu Counties. In these counties, because of inadequate water and sanitation facilities and poor hygiene practices, returnees and residents are using creeks and open wells for drinking, which is creating health hazard and predisposing them to highrisk levels of waterborne diseases including cholera. The project will sponsor hygiene promotion and improve WATSAN facilities in support of the WATSAN Cluster strategic priorities and objectives in choleraprone areas of low coverage in River Cess, Sinoe and River Gee Counties. Main Activities Hygiene education, community assessment and surveys in 85 communities for latrine usage; Rehabilitation of 85 water points, 50 new wells with hand pumps, 30 institutional solid waste pits; Training for 150 females to foster gender empowerment by creating leaders within community hygiene groups and educators in proper health and hygiene practices; Support the construction of 30 family latrines and introduce latrines stances; Train hygiene promotion volunteers in social mobilisation and planning, 36 water and sanitation committees in operations and management, and 85 school/community health clubs; Organise participatory approach workshops for 85 communities; Organise community/school sanitation competitions in 85 communities; Conduct 20 WATSAN caretaker workshops Expected Outcomes Reduction of water borne & faecaloral diseases Safe drinking water and hygiene facilities available to 245,000 residents in 36 communities FINANCIAL SUMMARY Breakdown per component partner ($) Budget Items TOTAL ECREP EQUIP Samaritan s Purse Staff costs 94,010 58,000 36,010 Implementing costs or Operating costs 837, , , ,075 Administrative costs 78,041 24,500 22,041 31,500 Total Project Budget 1,009, , , ,585 Minus available resources 32, ,259 Funds Requested for , , , ,326 58

67 Appealing Agencies Project Title Project Code Sector Objective Beneficiaries Implementing Partners Project Duration January December 2007 Total Project Budget $1,343,230 Funds Requested for 2007 $1,288,405 ADVENTIST DEVELOPMENT AND RELIEF AGENCY (ADRA); LUTHERAN WORLD FEDERATION/WORLD SERVICE (LWF); PEACE WINDS JAPAN (PWJ); CHRISTIAN CHILDREN S FUND (CCF); INTERNATIONAL RESCUE COMMITTEE (IRC) WATSAN Services in Rural, Low Coverage Areas of High Return LIB07/WS04A, B, C, D & E Water & Sanitation Provide safe drinking water, improve sanitation and promote hygiene in Nimba and Lofa Counties (component A); provide access to water and sanitation facilities for residents, returnees, IDPs and refugees in Gbehlahgeh District, Nimba County (component B); provide safe drinking water and improve sanitation and hygiene in communities and schools in Lofa County (component C); construct 90 new wells in Bomi and Grand Cape Mount Counties and rehabilitate 40 old wells in two districts in Grand Cape Mount County; run an awareness campaign on personal hygiene and the importance of safe drinking water component D); increase access to safe drinking water and sanitation facilities in communities, schools and clinics with low awareness of hygiene and high incidence of diarrhea and other water borne diseases in Nimba County (component E). TOTAL: 53,000; Children: 9,530; Women: 19,760; returnees, others: 23,710 ADRA, LWF, PWJ in collaboration with RWD & MoE, CCF, LLLRD and local government, IRC Summary This project aims at providing clean and safe drinking water improved sanitation, as well as promoting good hygiene practices, through the construction of hand pumps, family latrines and health education. Beneficiary communities will provide local materials and labour. Community members will be trained in how to maintain their water and sanitation facilities and ensure their sustainability. Main Activities Construct 150 hand pumps, 610 family latrines; Conduct 35 workshops on hygiene promotion and training of Water and Sanitation committees; Conduct 18 training sessions on the maintenance of latrines and pumps; Chlorination of wells, provision of water testing kits to County Health Teams in target counties; Conduct training workshops for 60 pump mechanics. Expected Outcomes Target population will access safe drinking water and have Water & Sanitation Committees with capacity to meet regularly, fulfil their responsibilities and keep records; Sustainability of water and sanitation facilities assured; Improved hygiene practices related to personal hygiene, water storage, and disposal of excreta and garbage. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Breakdown per Component Partner ($) Budget Items TOTAL ADRA LWF CCF PWJ IRC Staff costs 272,350 70,200 57,500 91,200 36,000 17,450 Operating costs 903, , , , , ,255 Administrative costs 167,860 47,000 17,500 66,150 25,000 12,210 Total project budget 1,343, , , , , ,915 Minus available resources 54, ,825 21,000 0 Funds requested for ,288, , , , , ,915 59

68 6.3 PROTECTION Appealing Agency CHRISTIAN CHILDREN S FUND (CCF) Project Title GBV and the Legal Sector Project Code LIB07/P/HR/RL01 Sector Protection Objective Help strengthen the Liberian legal system as it relates to offences of GBV through training, capacitybuilding, and technical assistance; Promote increased awareness around human rights, new national legislation on rape and inheritance, gender justice and navigating both customary and statutory systems; Help survivors cope with judicial procedures through the provision of free information and support through legal aid services and legal representation. Beneficiaries Total: 2,500; Children: 1,250; Women: 1,250; 7,500 indirect beneficiaries Implementing Partners MDG, MoHSW and Ministry of Justice, NGOs and CBOs Project Duration January December 2007 Total Project Budget $394,000 Funds Requested for 2007 $394,000 Summary The war in Liberia left the judicial system in shambles and a population of women and children suffering from GBV. In Liberia, to address GBV, reform of the justice system must be prioritised, especially as it relates to crimes of GBV that continue to subject women and girls to injustices that promote their subordination and impede their development. Based on the bestpractice multisectoral model of prevention and response to GBV, the CCF Safeguarding the Future Effectively (SAFE) programmes are working to support and ensure that survivors have access to services from the essential health, psychosocial, security, and legal justice sectors. However, in order to provide services to comprehensively address GBV, all of the sectors must be effective, and the legal justice sector within Liberia, is in many ways one of the most challenged sectors. CCFLiberia seeks to bolster its GBV prevention and response efforts by creating a project that focuses on legal justice as it relates to GBV. For many women and girls exposed to GBV offences, the effects will linger until there is some form of transparent legal action that not only blames and further harms the survivor, but which upholds and supports human rights, especially women s rights. Main Activities Assuring that there is at least one paralegal centre established in all five (5) SAFE counties (Bong, Lofa, Gbarpolu, Grand Cape Mount and Bomi) to increase access to paralegal services for the population; Training of judicial/law enforcement and correction centre personnel on international human rights standards and applicable national laws; Developing and fieldtesting curricula for addressing GBV (including gender sensitivity/justice) (that can eventually be added to the University of Liberia s (UL) Law Department) to conduct trainings for local magistrates, judges, lawyers, and customary law officials; Create a communitywide awarenessraising campaign with welldeveloped Information, Education, Communication and Behaviour Change Communication materials on international human rights and women s rights, new national legislation on rape and inheritance, gender justice and navigating the legal system. Expected Outcomes Improved access by GBV survivors to safe legal justice information, and legal aid services. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Staff cost 150,000 Implementation/operating costs 184,000 Administrative costs 60,000 Funds requested for ,000 60

69 Appealing Agency Project Title Project Code Sector Objective Beneficiaries Implementing Partners LIBERIA Project Duration January December 2007 Total Project Budget $440,000 Funds Requested for 2007 $440,000 CHRISTIAN CHILDREN S FUND (CCF) Meeting the health needs of GBV survivors LIB07/P/HR/RL02 Protection Promoting comprehensive and safe medical services for GBV survivors Total: 2,500; Children: 1,250; Women: 1,250; 7,500 indirect beneficiaries MDG, MoHSW, MoJ and Ministry for Internal Affairs (MIA), LNP, NGOs and CBOs Summary The training of key response focal points in the health, legal, and security sectors in Bong, Lofa, Grand Cape Mount, Gbarpolu, and Bomi Counties to ensure that survivors are provided with referral options that adhere to the three major guiding principles for working with survivors confidentiality, respect, and safety is a key priority of the CCF Safeguarding the Future Effectively (SAFE) program. However, CCF recognises that its work in the SAFE programme needs to place more emphasis on the health needs of GBV victims/survivors. Therefore, this project will seek to provide comprehensive and safe medical services for GBV survivors alongside the CCF SAFE program. Main Activities Strengthening the capacity of medical and auxiliary health care providers to effectively respond to GBV through the provision of drugs and the dissemination of appropriate care protocols to all health care facilities; Training all actors (involved in other aspects of response, e.g. legal and security sectors) in the health considerations of survivors; Clarifying protocols on confidentiality, reporting and access to medical records to ensure better protection of the survivors; Strengthening collaboration and information sharing between the MoHSW and NGOs providing support, treatment and followup services for survivors by assisting in the organisation of national and county level meetings and consultations; Working with the MoHSW and other relevant institutions (LNP, MIA, MoJ, MGD, World Health Organization, etc.) to clarify protocols on confidentiality, reporting and access to medical records to ensure better protection of survivors. Expected Outcomes GBV survivors in five counties will be able to safely access comprehensive health care to meet their needs. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Staff costs 200,000 Implementation/operating costs 180,000 Administrative costs 60,000 Funds requested for ,000 61

70 Appealing Agency CHRISTIAN CHILDREN FUND (CCF) Project Title SAFE Safeguarding the Future Effectively Project Code LIB07/P/HR/RL03 Sector Protection Objective: Build resilience/reduce stress associated with poverty, effects of war, early motherhood among 1,250 girls and women in five districts in western Liberia through healing and education; Reduce dependency of girls/women on men for financial gain through promotion of new vocational skills and disbursement of educational/livelihood grants among 850 beneficiaries at high risk of sexual abuse and exploitation (SEA); Improve the knowledge, attitudes and practices of men, women, and youth on genderbased violence through training and sensitisation programmes. Beneficiaries Total: 2,500; Children: 1,250; Women: 1,250; 7,500 indirect beneficiaries Implementing Partners MDG, MoHSW and MoJ; NGOs and CBOs Project Duration January December 2007 Total Project Budget $500,000 Funds Requested for 2007 $500,000 Summary The fourteenyear civil war that devastated Liberia from December 1989 to August 2003 left in its wake a population of women and children suffering from genderbased violence and a culture defined by its extreme devastation and despair. Today, though fighting has ceased in the country, the effects of the prolonged fighting and associated conditions that encouraged GBV, especially sexual abuse, are emerging. To address this situation, CCF Liberia (CCFL) started working through its SAFE project in 2005 in Bong and Lofa Counties and then in Bomi, Gbarpolu and Grand Cape Mount Counties. The overall aim of the SAFE project in western Liberia is to promote the healthy development and community reintegration of waraffected girls and women in highrisk areas of western Liberia, but to do this the SAFE project must be extended to new districts and communities in its 5 counties of operation. The extension will focus on the activities that follow. Main Activities Training of key response focal points in the health, legal, and security sectors to ensure that survivors are provided with referral options that adhere to the three major guiding principles for working with survivors: confidentiality, respect, and safety; Use of varied media (radio, print, drama, etc.) to disseminate messages around conflict resolution, GBV, HIV and other sexual health issues, and infant care; Supporting Community Protection Committees (CPCs) to take the lead in developing communitybased systems of protection for women and girls, crafting and enforcing committee bylaws and community rules and regulations, and leading sensitisation efforts around protection issues; Construction of girls and women s centres to be used for skills training, health education, literacy classes, recreational and cultural activities, and counselling and dialogue groups; Distribution of educational/livelihood grants to girls and women who present CCFL with viable plans, e.g., for going to school or developing small businesses. Expected Outcomes Healthy development and community reintegration of waraffected girls and women in highrisk areas of western Liberia. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Staff costs 250,000 Implementation/operating costs 175,000 Administrative costs 75,000 Funds requested for ,000 62

71 Appealing Agency Project Title Project Code Sector Objective Beneficiaries Implementing Partners LIBERIA Project Duration March 2007 March 2008 Total Project Budget $500,000 Funds Requested for 2007 $500,000 INTERNATIONAL RESCUE COMMITTEE (IRC) Building capacity of the justice sector through paralegal services, rightsbased trainings and support to civil society organisations LIB07/P/HR/RL04 Protection To increase the capacity of the legal justice system to protect women and children; and build the capacity of national institutions, communitybased structures, and civil society in protection issues. Total: 16,500; 300 persons needing paralegal/lawyer assistance; 1,000 persons trained (combination of government officials, community leaders, persons atrisk of becoming rights violators); 200 employees of civil society and governmental organisations who receive capacity building; Indirect beneficiaries 15,000; Ministry of Justice Human Rights Section, Women and Children's Section of Liberian National Police, Human Rights Protection Forum, Foundation for International Dignity, Catholic Justice and Peace Commission, Foundation for Human Rights and Democracy, Association of Legal Assistance Providers, American Bar Association, Penal Reform International/UN Office on Drugs and Crime, UNDP, UNMIL Legal and Judicial Support Services, UNMIL Human Rights, Carter Centre, NRC Summary The IRC proposes to improve access to justice in target communities in Lofa, Montserrado and Nimba Counties by offering: paralegal services to indigent persons; rightsbased trainings to members of the Judiciary, Justice Ministry, Police, and to communities experiencing high levels of rights violations; and material and intellectual support to national institutions and groups promoting civil society and human rights. Currently, the IRC is providing a variety of services to survivors of genderbased violence and children and youth exposed to human rights violations in these three counties. This project will provide a justice dimension to that work, grounding our efforts in communities that already know and trust us, and providing essential activities in support of the ruleoflaw. The IRC will also work closely with partners to assure that services for accessing justice are found in other counties and meet minimum professional standards. Main Activities Expand paralegal services to persons who cannot afford lawyers and are typically unable to access the formal justice system; Intensify awareness of the law through accessible summaries of laws, legal process and particular rights; Strengthen human rights standards in communities by offering training to key stakeholders, such as excombatant populations; Contribute to judicial and law enforcement reforms through training, monitoring and advocacy; support civil society and human rights organisations by strengthening the capacity of CBOs. Expected Outcomes Through consistent support, training and monitoring, the formal justice sector will provide more predictable and acceptable forms of justice that are understood, welcomed and demanded by the Liberian people. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Staff costs 150,000 Implementation/operating costs 275,000 Administrative costs 75,000 Funds Requested for ,000 63

72 Appealing Agency Project Title Project Code Sector Objective Beneficiaries Implementing Partners LIBERIA Project Duration January December 2007 Total Project Budget $592,000 Funds Requested for 2007 $592,000 UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN SFUND (UNICEF) Children without Primary Caregivers and Juvenile Justice LIB07/P/HR/RL05 Protection Develop systems for the care and protection of children in orphanages in Liberia; Establish systems for the protection of children in conflict with the law with focus on diversion programmes. Total: 6,500 children in orphanages (4,225 boys and 2,275 girls) 500 children in conflict with the law (300 boys and 200 girls) Others: community members, youth groups Don Bosco Homes, MoHSW, CEP, UNMIL Juvenile Section and Corrections Section Summary Administration of juvenile justice in Liberia remains a major challenge, as the entire legal and judicial system in Liberia is underresourced and is barely functioning. A recent assessment of the juvenile justice system supported by UNICEF has provided greater understanding of the care and protection needs of children who infringe on the law. The Department of Social Welfare under the MoHSW strengthened its response to children living in orphanages in 2006, but the practice of mobilising children into orphanages continued. A UNICEFsupported assessment of the laws, policies and practices of institutional care for orphans and other vulnerable children has provided greater understanding of the nature and scope of intercountry adoption in Liberia. The assessment has also clarified the link between orphanages and international adoption. The findings and recommendations of the assessment will support the development of policies that provide the framework for the regulation of intercountry adoption as well as protection of children and families from illegal adoptions. Main Activities Operationalise the minimum standards for operating orphanages and monitor compliance; Assessment of orphanages and closure of substandard orphanages; Provide family tracing services for nonorphaned children living in orphanages; Design and operationalise exit strategies for older children (18 years and above) living in orphanages; Develop and operationalise policies on intercountry adoptions. Expected Outcomes MoHSW minimum standards and improved guidelines for the registration and operation of orphanages in Liberia are operational; Nonorphaned children reunified with their families and foster care arrangements made for those whose parents are not traced, leaving very few children under residential care; More effective interagency network in advocating and lobbying for improved care and support of orphans, and systems for assisting children who are in conflict with the law in place; The Juvenile Justice Forum takes on the coordination of work with children in conflict with the law. Alternatives to detention of children established; Police officers, judges and magistrates trained on due process for juveniles. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Staff costs 150,000 Implementation / Operating Cost 400,000 Administrative cost 42,000 Funds requested for ,000 64

73 Appealing Agency Project Title Project Code Sector Objective Beneficiaries Implementing Partners LIBERIA Project Duration January December 2007 Total Project Budget $8,060,000 Funds Requested for 2007 $8,060,000 UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN S FUND (UNICEF) Reintegration of demobilised children and other war affected children. LIB07/P/HR/RL06 Protection Support the reintegration of children demobilised from fighting forces through tracing, education and development of communitybased support structures in the 15 counties of Liberia. 5,000 demobilised children, 5,000 other waraffected children. CCF, YMCA, Action Aid, Don Bosco Homes, Children Assistance Programme, SEARCH, Helping Hand, EQUIP, FIND, WANEP, Peace Building Resource Centre, Sustainable Development Promoters (SDP), AGHRA, NAEAL Summary The DDRR programme as provided for the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in Accra, Ghana in August 2003 will officially end in July Therefore, this project will continue to facilitate the social and economic reintegration of demobilised children by ensuring access and retention of children in formal education through the Community Education Investment Programme; and by providing vocational skills training and apprenticeship as well as the development of business services for children who complete the skills training. Main Activities Train community support networks such as CWCs to provide follow up support to follow up on 10,000 demobilised children and other war affected children in their homes and at school; Conduct family tracing and reunification of 500 separated children and, provide alternative care arrangements for 50 children whose families are not traced; Train 3,500 teachers and school principals in 1,000 schools and 120 vocational skills trainers on provision of psychosocial care and support to the demobilised children in schools and in the skills training centres; Mobilise and train community 250 child welfare committees, 150 children s clubs, and 50 youth groups to support the social reintegration of demobilised children and other war affected children in the community and on prevention mechanism against child recruitment; Enrol 6,950 demobilised children in reintegration programmes such as the Continued Formal Education (CEIP) (4,295) and vocational training (2,655). Expected Outcomes System for the follow up of reunified children is functional in the 15 counties of Liberia. Family tracing and reunification conducted for other separated children; Social workers trained on systematic followup of reunified children. The Interagency Task Force on Family Tracing continues to coordinate activities for separated children; Communitybased support networks for children are operational in the 15 counties; families and communities enabled to care for and protect their children; 4,295 demobilised children provided access to education through the CEIP; 2,655 demobilised children provided access to vocational training skills, apprenticeship and business skills development in 15 counties. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Staff costs 300,000 Implementation costs 6,950,000 Administrative costs 810,000 Funds requested for ,060,000 65

74 Appealing Agency UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN S FUND (UNICEF) Project Title Protection of children from sexual violence, exploitation and abuse Project Code LIB07/P/HR/RL07 Sector Protection Objective Create systems for protection of children against sexual exploitation, abuse and violence. Beneficiaries 5,000 children, 500 Peer Educators, 500 Teachers, 350 Women and children (Survivals of SEA, 100 Police Officers, 25 Judges, 25 Magistrates and communities and youth groups. Implementing Partners MGD, MOH/SW, AFELL, CCF, IRC, SC UK, ANPPCAN, FAWE, SEARCH, PBRC, CESP, Project Aid Liberia, FIND, UNICEF Project Duration January December 2007 Total Project Budget $2,802,000 Funds Requested for 2007 $2,802,000 Summary Sexual violence remains a major protection concern in Liberia, and reports received from the Women and Children Protection Section of the LNP, NGOs, communities and families indicate that children are most threatened. Although there are still difficulties in determining the prevalence, nature and scope of sexual violence on children, some patterns and trends are becoming clear, and hence the opportunity for developing comprehensive responsive programmes, which include access to medical care, legal assistance, protection assistance and psychosocial care. Main Activities Develop and operationalise peer education systems for protection of children against sexual exploitation and abuse in schools; Expand and train community child welfare committees, children s clubs and youth groups to monitor and report/respond to sexual exploitation and abuse of children in communities; Train key duty bearers (teachers, police, social workers, magistrates and judges) on protection and response to child sexual abuse; Provide medical care and legal aid counselling services to child victims and survivors of sexual violence. Expected Outcomes Peer education systems for the protection of children against sexual exploitation and abuse in schools operationalised; Teachers, police, social workers, magistrates and judges trained on child protection and response to child sexual abuse; Child victims and survivors of sexual SEA provided medical care, legal aid and counselling. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Staff costs 150,000 Implementation Costs 2,400,000 Administrative support and indirect costs 252,000 Funds requested for ,802,000 66

75 Appealing Agency UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES (UNHCR) Project Title Protection of and Assistance to returned IDPs and Receiving Communities Project Code LIB07/P/HR/RL08 Sector Protection Objective Capacity building and communitybased reintegration programmes to IDP returnees, receiving communities, national institutions, human rights and communitybased organisations Beneficiaries 330,000 IDP returnees and host communities Implementing Partners National & international NGOs Project Duration January December 2007 Total Project Budget $7,340,960 Funds Requested for 2007 $7,340,960 Summary The project is seen in the context of the Cluster approach whereby UNHCR assumes the lead responsibility in protection. In coordination and consultation with all protection cluster partners, the project aims to provide protection and assistance, in particular in the areas of reintegration, to IDPs who have returned to their communities of origin, as well as their receiving communities. As Protection cluster, UNHCR and its partners will reinforce their capacity to monitor returnees conditions and to respond to identified protection issues. In this regard, the project also focuses on the capacity building of national institutions, especially those concerned with rule of law as well as human rights and communitybased organisations through monitoring and training of judicial and law enforcement bodies. Particular emphasis will be paid to increase the capacity of legal/justice system to protect women and children from sexual exploitation and abuse. At the same time, communitybased multisectoral reintegration support will be implemented to IDP returnees and their receiving communities with special focus to vulnerable people. Main Activities Develop countylevel protection services such as legal aid centres and psychosocial support; Build coping capacity of returnees and their receiving communities through communitybased reintegration activities; Train national institutions, human rights groups and communitybased organisations, including child and women support networks (i.e. children s clubs, child welfare committees, youth groups, etc.) on fundamental human rights in all counties; Train communitybased organisations including women, youth, children and other groups on monitoring, reporting and responding to sexual and genderbased violence as well as sexual exploitation and abuse in local communities in all counties. Expected Outcomes Selfreliance and coping capacity of returnees and receiving communities increased; Judicial and law enforcement agencies trained to facilitate peaceful and effective reintegration of returnees and receiving communities. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Programme 6,819,851 Programme support costs 43,719 Indirect support costs * 477,390 Funds requested for ,340,960 *A 7% cost has been added to the total operational requirements to meet the indirect support costs in UNHCR. 67

76 Appealing Agency UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES (UNHCR) Project Title Protection and Assistance to Refugees, Liberian Returnees and Receiving Communities Project Code LIB07/MS01 Sector Multisector Objective Support the Liberian Government to maintain an international protection regime which responds to the material and human rights need of all persons of concern to UNHCR, while promoting, developing, and creating conditions conducive for return and ensuring sustainable reintegration of returnees. Beneficiaries Some 16,200 refugees of various nationalities, 86,000 Liberian returnees, and receiving communities Implementing Partners National and international NGOs Project Duration January December 2007 Total Project Budget $32,265,201 Funds Requested for 2007 $32,265,201 Summary One of UNHCR s main priorities is to support the Government of Liberia to revive the mechanism established by the Refugee Act for individual status determination of asylum seekers, namely, the Asylum Committee. Currently there are 12,577 registered Ivorian refugees in Liberia. The majority lives among Liberians in towns and villages along the border. There are 3,546 Sierra Leonean refugees still living in camps near Monrovia. UNHCR is advocating for local integration of the Sierra Leonean refugees and is working closely with the Government in this regard. 150 urban refugees of varying nationalities are residing in Monrovia. Prospects for local integration of this group are pursued on a casebycase basis. Facilitated voluntary repatriation is available depending on their expressed desire and the situation in the respective countries of origin. Resettlement remains an available protection tool when appropriate. This project aims to address the needs of refugee communities, both in camps and in their communities, to maintain their capacity of providing asylum to the Ivorian and other refugees and to improve, where possible, the quality of asylum by providing communitybased assistance in various sectors. Meanwhile, since October 2004 UNHCR has been organising the voluntary return of Liberian refugees. In February 2006, following improvements in the political and security situation in the country, UNHCR shifted its policy from facilitating to promoting voluntary repatriation. By 31 December 2006, 85,911 Liberian refugees had returned home with UNHCR s assistance. Largescale organised repatriation activities will be completed in June To make return sustainable returnees will need to be supported with basic economic, legal and social conditions through communitybased reintegration and other activities that enhance the protection environment in the areas of return. Main Activities Transport in safety and dignity, Liberian refugees who opt to return to their places of origin; Implement various assistance activities such as skills training and income generation both in the camp and in the local communities so as to reduce refugees economic and social vulnerability; Reinforce partnerships with UN agencies, NGOs, and other players in order to fill gaps in basic services and address the development needs of postconflict Liberia. Expected Outcomes Multisectoral smallscale community development activities implemented in the refugeeaccommodating communities and in areas of return; Return of Liberian refugees to their areas of origin conducted in safety and dignity. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Programme 27,513,712 Programme support costs 4,751,489 Funds requested for ,265,201 68

77 6.4 FOOD SECURITY Appealing Agency: FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION (FAO) Project Title: Addressing emergency pest management problems and strengthening plant protection capacities of field agricultural extension agents and smallholder farmers. Project Code: LIB07/A01 Sector: Food Security/Agriculture Objective: To minimise production and postproduction losses attributed to biological pests and increase food production Beneficiaries: TOTAL: 50,000; Women: 22,000; others: 28,000 Implementing Partners: Ministry of Agriculture; international and local NGOs Project Duration: March December 2007 Total Project Budget: $3,600,000 Funds Requested for 2007: $3,600,000 Summary Persistent reports by FAO, NGOs and the MOA field staff combined with the findings of the Assessment of Emergency Interventions in Liberia Agriculture Sector highlighted the alarming incidence of pests, particularly vertebrate pests. The FAO/WFP Crop and Food Supply Assessment Mission (CFSAM) confirmed these reports and estimated the harvest losses attributable to pest damage as above 50%, which brings the yield per hectare to as low as 30% of the average yield estimated by the Baseline Survey carried out by the MOA in The recent CFSNS conducted by Government of Liberia and UN agencies further confirmed the serious threat posed by crop pests on the food security situation in the country. The report found that 40% of the population are highly foodinsecure, 41% moderately foodinsecure and only 9% completely food secure. Based on these reports, the issue of pest control has been included among the Food Security/Agriculture Cluster s priorities as one that needs an immediate emergency response. In collaboration with MOA and UNHCR, FAO designed a threephase integrated pest management (IPM) programme. However, due to limited resources, the project started implementation on a limited scale. Additional funding would allow expansion of the project to address effectively the problem in the fifteen counties of Liberia. Main Activities Information gathering about small holder farmer cropping practices and the constraints of food and agricultural production; Identification of field extension agents and small holder farmers for training in integrated pest management; Procurement and distribution of inputs (birdscare flash tapes, bells, trap wires, bird nets, zinc); Capacity building Training of Trainers (TOT) in integrated pest management; and Up scaling and follow up on farmer s adoption of integrated pest management practices for food production. Expected Outcomes Effective control and/eradication of pest, and increase in knowledge on pest management at local level. Increase in agricultural production, especially rice and other essential local foods. Improvement in income levels and nutritional status of crisisaffected farm families. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Staff costs 400,000 Implementing costs or Operating costs 2,800,000 Administrative costs 400,000 Funds requested for ,600,000 69

78 Appealing Agency: FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION (FAO) Project Title: Emergency assistance of agricultural inputs to waraffected population in urban and periurban areas in 8 major cities Project Code: LIB07/A02 Sector: Food Security/Agriculture Objective: To support food production through emergency assistance to 20,000 waraffected vulnerable farmers to restart their livelihood farming activities. Beneficiaries: TOTAL: 20,000; Women: 12,000; Others: 8,000 Implementing Partners: Ministry of Agriculture; international and local NGOs Project Duration: June 2007 June 2008 Total Project Budget: $2,400,000 Funds Requested for 2007: $2,400,000 Summary There is a high agriculture potential in urban and periurban areas, considering the availability of abundant land, labour, water sources and markets for the sale of agricultural products. The findings of an assessment of the urban and periurban agriculture sector commissioned by FAO showed that 67% of a representative sample of urban and periurban households occupied most of their time with onfarm activities in the production of rice and vegetables under rainfed conditions. However, only 6% have access to credit and 76% of the farm households lack the capacity to procure basic production inputs such as seeds and tools. This project addresses the strategic priorities on sustainable livelihoods of waraffected farmers in urban and periurban centres through agricultural production. It will provide technical and material assistance to farmers to enable them restart agricultural activities and support their livelihoods in their towns and villages. It will contribute to food security in urban centres, and enhance productive and earning capacities through the sale of surplus agriculture produce. Inputs to be provided to beneficiaries will include agricultural hand tools (regular hoes, scratching hoes, rakes, shovels, watering cans, rain boots), rice seeds (Lac 23 and Rok 3 varieties), and vegetable seeds (cabbage, collards, eggplants, hot pepper, okra, sweet corn, bitter ball, watermelon, tomato and cassava cuttings). Main Activities Needs assessments and identification of potential implementing partners and targeted beneficiaries in collaboration with other stakeholders; Identification and procurement of specific varieties and inputs to be provided; Preparation of inputs distribution plan; Distribution of inputs according to project distribution plan; Project implementation monitoring and technical backstopping; and Training of Trainers (TOT) and Final Evaluation workshops. Expected Outcomes Increased availability of production inputs for the production and supply of rice, tubers, vegetables, and other food products and reduction in import of these commodities. Job creation and improvement in income and nutritional status of crisisaffected farm families. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Staff costs 300,000 Implementing costs or Operating costs 1,800,000 Administrative costs 300,000 Funds requested for ,400,000 70

79 Appealing Agency: FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION (FAO) Project Title: Emergency provision and multiplication of improved planting materials to war affected farmers in eight counties Project Code: LIB07/A03 Sector: Food Security/Agriculture Objective: To provide improved quality planting materials (seeds & tools) for waraffected farming families to enable them engage in livelihood activities. Beneficiaries: TOTAL: 50,000; Women: 25,000; Others: 25,000 Implementing Partners: MOA, international and local NGOs Project Duration: March December 2007 Total Project Budget: $4,200,000 Funds Requested for 2007: $3,500,000 Summary The FAO database shows a serious gap in the emergency supply of agricultural inputs required to support the coming rice planting season. An estimated 95,000 farm families including returnees who arrived during the second half of the year and vulnerable farmers excluded in the last season are considered a top priority for emergency assistance for the next planting season. The findings of the Assessment of Emergency Interventions in Liberia Agriculture Sector, which was conducted by the Agriculture Coordination Committee, the FAO/WFP CFSAM, and the recent CFSNS conducted by the Government of Liberia and UN agencies provided strong evidence on the need for enhancement of seed production and emergency distribution of seeds to improve food security and contribute to sustainable peace. UNHCR statistics on returnees identified eight counties as areas of highest refugee and IDP return, while the CFSNS ranked five of these counties as the most foodinsecure among the 15 counties of Liberia. The project will target vulnerable farming communities in these eight counties, comprising of returnees, excombatants and host community members with emphasis on the most affected counties/districts of the northwest and southeast regions of Liberia. Essentially, the project addresses the strategic priorities on life saving and on sustainable livelihoods of waraffected farmers. Main Activities Distribution of quality rice, cassava and vegetable seeds/seedlings and related agricultural tools suitable to local conditions; Provide training on improved crop production methods, seeds multiplication and on new technical knowledge to enhance production; and Support the reactivation of farming activities for increased production of food crops. Expected Outcomes Increased availability of highyielding seeds and basic tools. Improved food security and nutritional status of farm families through increased production of food crops. Increase in farmers income through the sale of surplus crop harvest. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Staff costs 600,000 Implementing costs or Operating costs 3,000,000 Administrative costs 600,000 Total project budget 4,200,000 Minus available resources 700,000 Funds requested for ,500,000 71

80 Appealing Agency: FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION (FAO) Project Title: Emergency assistance to support rehabilitation of aquaculture farming in Nimba, Grand Gedeh, River Gee and Lofa Counties Project Code: LIB07/A04 Sector: Food Security/Agriculture Objective: To initiate the process of rehabilitating the aquaculture subsector in Liberia Beneficiaries: TOTAL: 7,200; Women: 4,000; Others: 3,200 Implementing Partners: MOA, international and local NGOs Project Duration: March December 2007 Total Project Budget: $1,200,000 Funds Requested for 2007: $1,200,000 Summary Aquaculture fishery profile has often been low in terms of emergency funding and attracting donors' support. Yet, if properly practiced and managed, aquaculture contributes immensely to immediate needs for protein rich food, vitamins, minerals and fatty acids. In the case of this project, beneficiary farmers will gain fast income to their households. Fish farming offers multiple sideactivities and job opportunities, especially for women (fish feeding, pond management, harvesting, fish processing, trade, security, etc.). Thus, the project will contribute significantly to the recovery of this subsector, will empowerment communities, increase income generation, and improve food security. Main Activities Identifying and locating existing and abandoned hatcheries and ponds for rehabilitation; Site selection for the construction of new hatcheries; Rehabilitate and stock hatcheries ponds in the identified sites; and Training beneficiaries in fish farming in four counties. Expected Outcomes Rehabilitation of at least 240 fish ponds in four counties after a period of about 9 months Farmers trained and capacitated to continue farming at an acceptable level using local and more cost effective materials (local feed and simple tools) and improving their incomes. Increase in availability of poultry and fish products on the local market FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Staff costs 200,000 Implementing costs or Operating costs 800,000 Administrative costs 200,000 Funds Requested for ,200,000 72

81 6.5 NUTRITION Appealing Agency: Project Title: Project Code: Sector: Objective: Beneficiaries: LIBERIA Implementing Partner: Project Duration: January December 2007 Total Project Budget: $3,103,000 Funds Requested: $2,703,000 UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN S FUND (UNICEF) Prevention and treatment of malnutrition in Liberia LIB07/H05 Nutrition To prevent and reduce the high malnutrition rates in the country through improved coordination and targeted nutrition interventions Total: 706,000 direct beneficiaries; children <5 years of age: 650,000; women of childbearing age: 6,000; Caregivers: 50,000 ANDP, MERCI, AHA, WVL, ACF, PMU, BAG, MSFHolland Summary The overall goal is to reduce child mortality and to maintain the rate of acute malnutrition under 10% by treating 650,000 children under 5 years old and implementing a behavioural change communication plan at the community level targeting key population groups. The nutrition interventions proposed in this project will help reduce the high levels of malnutrition in Liberia, and will support capacity building of the MoHSW for the efficient implementation of various nutrition programmes in the country. Main Activities Therapeutic and supplementary feeding: support the development and implementation of national policies and protocols, ensuring an uninterrupted pipeline of therapeutic and supplementary foods and anthropometrical tools, for the treatment of moderate (WFP) and severe acute (UNICEF) malnutrition in children under 5 years of age; Blanket feeding for children under 3 in the most vulnerable regions (WFP); Breastfeeding for infants and complementary feeding for toddlers: support the promotion and protection of early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding and adequate complementary feeding for young children Establish a national routine system for Vitamin A, iron supplementation and deworming for pregnant and lactating women and children: ensure an uninterrupted supply of vitamin A supplement, deworming tablets and systematic immunisation; Information systems: surveys, early warning and surveillance, advocacy; Water & Sanitation: i) management of diarrhoeal diseases (ORT and zinc), promotion of hand washing; ii) water source protection to ensure water availability to all with minimum risk of contamination; and iii) promotion of improved sanitation and sensitisation using existing training materials as well as newly developed ones. Develop and implement a national nutrition plan of action from the national to the community levels; Provide training to 400 professional health workers and 2,000 community health workers in communities with high rates of malnutrition; and Expected Outcomes Reduction of morbidity and mortality caused by malnutrition. Regular national nutrition data produced for decision making and monitoring. Improved access to nutrition services. Improved coordination and leadership of the nutrition sector. Reduction of micronutrient deficiencies. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Staff costs 400,000 Implementing costs 2,300,000 Administrative costs 403,000 Total project budget 3,103,000 Minus available resources 400,000 Funds requested for ,703,000 73

82 6.6 EDUCATION Appealing Agency: Project Title: Project Code: Sector: Objective: Beneficiaries: LIBERIA Implementing Partner: Project Duration: January July 2007 Total Project Budget: $300,000 Funds Requested: $300,000 UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION (UNESCO) HIV/AIDS Education in the Curriculum LIB07/E01 Education To increase HIV/AIDS awareness among students, teachers and staff Total: Children: 10,500; Boys: 5,000; Girls: 5,000; 500 teacher trainers MOE Summary The HIV prevalence rate in Liberia is growing. WHO estimates that it is currently about 5%. In Liberia, which has experienced nearly two decades of instability and civil conflict, moral behaviour of the youth has declined considerably. Extreme sexual experience among youth and teenage pregnancies create a fertile environment for the rapid spread of HIV. This project will focus on increasing the knowledge of HIV/AIDS awareness among teachers, staff and students. It will also provide relevant resource materials and focus on prevention in the early adolescent age group, initially in public schools. Main Activities Train teachers (ToT) and provide curriculum documents (frameworks, plans, syllabi) for use in schools and teacher training institutes; Descriptions/case studies of good practice of HIV/AIDS curriculum related materials; and Training of 500 student peer counsellors. Expected Outcomes Interactive resource tools for the prevention and mitigation of HIV/AIDS through education. Implementation and evaluation for the prevention and mitigation of HIV/AIDS at all levels of the education system. Identification and promotion of good practices with respect to HIV/AIDS. Development of an HIV/AIDS curriculum. 500 teachers and 500 student peer counsellors trained as trainers of trainers. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Staff costs 40,000 Implementing costs 240,000 Administrative costs 20,000 Funds requested for ,000 74

83 Appealing Agency: UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN S FUND (UNICEF) Project Title Accelerated Learning Programme (ALP) Project Code: LIB07/E02 Sector: Education Objective: support 300 schools to provide accelerated learning to 30,000 children improve the quality of teaching and learning in the 240 schools that provide ALP classes Beneficiaries: Total: 30,000 children Implementing partners: MOE, CAP, COHDA, GAA, LTI/CA11,UNHCR, PWJ, AAL, & WFP Project duration: January December 2007 Total Project Budget: $1,872,000 Funds Requested: $702,000 Summary Recent statistics taken from the draft census report on education have indicated that there is a high rate of overage children in primary schools across the country with some counties demonstrating percentages of over 70%. The ALP is an opportunity for children who have had an interrupted primary education to finish their primary schooling. A number of key organisations support MoE to provide this service. In addition, there are a number of ALP schools supported in some communities. ALP classes are held in 492 schools, of which UNICEF supports 238. Despite these efforts, the needs in the country remain high particularly in relation to the quality of teaching. Currently a significant number of the teachers in these schools are not trained to a basic standard and many are volunteers. Although ALP teacher training, and where possible refresher training, has been provided to a large number of teachers, there are still many teachers who have no formal teacher training. For 2007, UNICEF will work with MoE to focus on improving the quality of teaching and learning through provision of ALP training for 200 newly qualified primary school teachers and refresher training for those already in the system. In addition, teaching and learning materials will be provided to all ALP schools to enhance the quality of education. Support will also be provided to the MoE to assist in the coordination of the national ALP, including data gathering, consolidation, dissemination, and assistance to the supervision and monitoring of the national programme. Main Activities Refresher training for 1,600 ALP teachers; Support the teachers of ALP classes in 300 schools; Provision of ALP training to 200 newly qualified primary schools teachers; Strengthen the supervision & reporting system; Provision of school materials to 300 ALP schools; and Strengthen the supervision, reporting and coordination of the ALP programme Expected Outcomes 300 schools providing quality primary education through the ALP system. 300 schools provided with teaching and learning materials. 30,000 children enrolled in ALP. Effective coordination of the national programme by the MoE. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Staff costs 150,000 Implementing / operating costs 1,500,000 Administrative costs 222,000 Total project budget 1,872,000 Minus available resources 1,170,000 Funds requested for ,000 75

84 Appealing Agency: UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN S FUND (UNICEF) Project Title: Access to quality education and increase girls enrolment Project Code: LIB07/E03 Sector: Education Objective: Improve the quality of teaching and learning in 800 schools Provide school supplies to 2,000 schools Beneficiaries: Total: 160,000 school children in 800 schools; 400,000 children with school supplies Implementing partners: Ministry of Education, YWCA, FAWE, CAP, VOWODA, LIWOMAC & DRC Project duration: January December 2007 Total Project Budget: $2,534,000 Funds Requested: $2,534,000 Summary This project will improve the quality of teaching and learning through a number of interventions. These include improving the physical conditions of the schools and classrooms, provision of teaching and learning materials, teacher training and the development of a national school supervision and reporting system. The interventions will focus on the three main levels of the education sector the schools, the county (midlevel management) and the national. Main Activities Provide school supplies to 2,000 schools in 15 counties; Provide pupils desks for 100 schools; Refresher training to the principals of 800 schools; Support interventions at 200 public schools that will improve enrolment and retention of girls; Train 750 teachers in the condensed C certificate level; Revise the supervision and reporting systems and train 15 county education officers in the new system; and Improve the five county education offices and the logistics of 8 county education officers. Expected Outcomes 160,000 children in public schools learning in better educational environment. 400,000 children using proper free school materials. Schoollevel supervision and reporting system operational in 15 counties and at the national level. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Items $ Staff costs 180,000 Implementing/ operating costs 2,088,000 Administrative costs 266,000 Funds requested for ,534,000 76

85 7. ANNEXES 7.1 INTERIM POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY (IPRS) INTERIM POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY (iprs) The Government of Liberia has recently launched its iprs. The Liberian iprs will guide development over the next two years until June 2008, and presents the Government s strategy to address the country s endemic poverty. Subsequently the iprs will be followed by a MDG based Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS) covering the period This iprs aims at consolidating peace and building the foundation for sustained propoor economic growth and human development. The GoL has structured the key development issues into four Pillars under the Liberia Recovery and Development Commission: Pillar 1: Enhancing National Security; Pillar II: Revitalising Economic Growth; Pillar III: Strengthening Governance and the Rule of Law; and Pillar IV: Rehabilitating Infrastructure and Delivering Basic Services The Pillars provide the core strategic areas of intervention to address the poverty challenge in all its dimensions, including income and nonincome poverty. The Government s key priorities during the iprs period include: Complete the reform of the security sector; Revitalise agriculture to ensure propoor growth; Rebuild the nation s road network; Accelerate human resource development; Strengthen the environment for private sector growth; Create jobs; Promote good governance and the rule of law. As part of doing government business differently, Government has also committed itself to promoting public accountability and transparency, combating corruption, empowering local governance, and promoting human rights. 77

86 7.2 THE CLUSTER APPROACH THE CLUSTER APPROACH As one of the initial three pilot countries Liberia was part of part of the global Cluster Approach Self Assessment undertaken by the IASC, the Cluster Approach was appraised in Liberia in collaboration with humanitarian partners, awaiting a more comprehensive assessment in These are some of the key lessons learned or issues brought up in the selfevaluation process: The Cluster Approach as a concept was seen as useful by all actors involved. In some sectors the Cluster Approach yielded improved focus and reinvigorated sector coordination. In the case of Liberia, given its transition from relief to recovery, the Cluster Approach is seen as opportunity for identifying a timeline and benchmarks for Clusters to be phased out to become part of the regular coordination and line management function of Government. Processes such as the application for CERF funds have strengthened the participation in and performance of the Clusters involved and demonstrated the benefits of this coordination mechanism in identifying and addressing gaps. There has been teething problems associated with lack of guidance from IASC and OCHA on how to bring about the Cluster Approach, how best to adapt it to existing systems in Liberia avoiding creating parallel structures and how to extend it to the County level. Awareness of the implications and the potential benefits offered by the Cluster Approach were initially low and this confusion led to scepticism concerning what the added value would be in a postemergency, transitional scenario. As a result, buyin was initially weak and participation was often limited. In the absence of clear guidelines, Cluster Leads adopted different approaches. This also determined the resources that the Cluster Leads would assign to taking up the role as a Cluster Lead There area number of key challenges to be addressed: Identifying and addressing the specific characteristics and mechanisms of applying the Cluster approach in transitional settings such as Liberia Developing a clear understanding of how the CSTs can best link to and utilise the Cluster Approach, particularly with regards to linking county and national levels Developing a phaseout strategy of the Cluster Approach with a clear timeline, benchmarks and indicators to ensure a transition of the coordination function to the Government Developing a clearer definition of roles and responsibilities of the actors involved Developing strategies to encourage participation and engagement of all stakeholders in the Cluster approach Developing agreed criteria for monitoring and ensuring the performance of the Cluster Developing standardised operating procedures, together with training in strengthening partnerships, coordination management and information management for Cluster Leads (i.e. those they appoint to act as Coordinators), and key partners Enhancing the linkage between the national and the global level of the Cluster approach, in order to share information, experiences and best practices, as well as greater information sharing lessons learned amongst the pilots 78

87 7.3 PROGRESS TOWARDS THE STRATEGIC PRIORITIES OF THE 2006 CAP FOR LIBERIA The 2006 Humanitarian Appeal for Liberia stipulated three strategic priorities: Provide basic social services to vulnerable populations Revitalise communities to become sustainable, secure and productive Strengthen capacity of civil society and local authorities to support the recovery process Provide basic social services to vulnerable populations International and national humanitarian actors continued to play an important role in supporting the Government of Liberia to provide basic services. In the health sector, for example, the MoHSW reported that of a total of 385 functioning health facilities in Liberia 298 (77%) are NGO assisted 45. Organisations such as Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), Médecins du Monde (MDM), the ICRC, Merlin, and the International Medical Core (IMC) continue to provide indispensable medical services to the population across the country. Whilst there is a marked improvement in the absolute number of facilities, up from 280 functioning facilities at the beginning of 2005, the vast majority of the population still lacks access to basic health care. Given the lack of trained and qualified personnel, essential drugs, and appropriate facilities, these figures may be misleading. Presently only 41% of Liberians have access to healthcare facilities 46. Preventative health measures, such as the Expanded Programme on Immunisation (EPI) of the MoHSW suffered greatly from the conflict. Coverage dropped from 62% in 2001 to 31% in 2004.In an effort to restore and improve the situation, in 2005 the country started to reactivate routine immunisation and disease surveillance activities and as such conducted series of trainings on routine EPI practices, cold chain and logistics management training, injections safety and waste disposal practices etc. At the same time the country conducted a comprehensive EPI review and developed a national policy on injection safety and comprehensive EPI MultiYear ( ) Plan of Action in Also in 2005, six nationwide multiantigen outreach immunisation activities were conducted aimed at reaching every child 011 months in every district at the same time increasing access to under served communities and attain acceptable vaccine coverage in all the districts. The fact was that a large proportion of the eligible children in many of the communities in the country were not being reached regularly with vital doses of vaccines, though these vaccines were made available at national, county and health facilities levels. Competing interests, low motivation of health workers due absence of or delay of salaries, low motivation due to delay in reinstituting regular Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (GAVI) support to county health teams and health facilities, lack of required logistics, absence of supervision from the national level and other factors were seen as impediments to reaching eligible children with vital doses of vaccines. As a result of the outreach activities, large numbers of children in underserved communities were given potent doses of vaccines throughout the country. Much has been done in terms of addressing the nutritional status of vulnerable populations, and these activities were often combined with other activities that would yield synergistic effects. For example the WFP through its take home rations for girls at school provides a powerful incentive for parents to send girl children to school. 21,218 girls received regular take home rations last year. Similarly emergency school feeding programmes help address issues of malnutrition and at the same time ensure that school children have the necessary food intake to enable learning. WFP with its implementing partners provided emergency school feeding for 600,000 school children last year. Likewise 22,000 vulnerable people were targeted through WFP s Special Nutrition Programme, in addition to 3,000 AIDS sufferers. Food was also provided in areas affected by flooding. At the same time efforts were undertaken to improve food security. 162,000 people benefited from emergency assistance in the form of seeds and tools enabling them to grow their own crops. Such services were provided by the FAO, the MOA, the ICRC, WFP and INGOs. Food security activities also included integrated production and pest management training, as well as the introduction and multiplication of improved varieties of rice and cassava. Model projects were also being implemented in 2006 for aquaculture recovery and also restocking of poultry. 45 Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, November IPRSP, GoL December

88 In the water and sanitation sectors efforts continued to address lack of access to safe drinking water and sanitation facilities essential to address waterborne diseases endemic in Liberia, including diarrhoea and cholera. The UNICEF maintained WATSAN database stipulates that the 836 water points and latrine facilities were constructed or rehabilitated across the country in communities or at institutions. This captures only some of the activities that have been taking place. In addition to construction and rehabilitation, hygiene promotion has been on going across the country conducted by both international and national organisations. The organisations in the WATSAN cluster have also provided funds and technical support for chlorination of wells and mass information campaigns as a preventative measure to address cholera and in response to cholera outbreaks and flooding. The overall objective of the joint UNDP, WFP, UNICEF and UNHCR Community Based Recovery Programme (CBR) is to strengthen the capacity of the government and nongovernmental organisations and the local communities to deliver basic services and enhanced livelihood opportunities. The initiative is working with Government, District Development Committees, NGOs/CBOs and communities to support 300 labourintensive microprojects, focusing on rehabilitation of water and sanitation, education, market centres and health facilities and the repair of damaged roads and bridges. To date 153 microprojects have been completed and handed over to communities and 110 microprojects are under implementation phase. 57 additional microprojects will begin implementation before the end of 2006 and among these three projects will be supported by the Small Arms Control and Microdisarmament Programme Revitalise communities to become sustainable, secure and productive The three strategic priorities articulated in the 2006 CHAP for Liberia are by no means mutually exclusive but are instead closely related and interdependent. The provision of basic social services at the community level was recognised as one of the key elements to rebuilding communities. The completion of the IDP returns process, bringing 321,000 people back to their places of origin or choice, was one of the major achievements of the humanitarian community in 2006, as well as having catered for this group whilst in a camp setting. The ICF facilitating the process was a great example of collaboration and coordination amongst Government, UN agencies, NGOs and donors. In addition, UNHCR assisted 41,057 refugees to return home, bringing the total number of refugees since the start of the return programme to 84, The community focus articulated in the Liberia 2006 CAP, corresponds with the CBR (see above). This initiative aims at restoring basic services at the community level through community participation and priority setting. The initiative is focused on rebuilding facilities to provide basic services, road infrastructure, economic infrastructure, such as markets, as well as institutions such as the District Development Committees (DDCs) that identify gaps and plan responses at the local level. Similarly many communities have benefited from activities both in terms of employment generation and in terms of rehabilitating infrastructure, such as the USAID/OFDA sponsored Liberia Community Infrastructure Programme (LCIP). WFP s FSLI programme has provided support through agricultural, infrastructure or training activities for an estimated 150,000 beneficiaries. The NRC have, on behalf of UNHCR and supported by ECHO, undertaken monitoring of the return process in all 15 counties of the country, including protection issues and conditions in areas of returns, such as access to basic services. A total of 485 monitors were employed across Liberia. Similarly the HCS of UNMIL is combining existing data sets of facilities with humanitarian activities in an interactive database to improve planning for provision of basic services at the county and community level. The Government led CFSNS 48 has also helped to identify needs at the community level, as well as provided an overview of where the focus needs to be in terms of addressing the needs of underserved counties and communities. The survey also helped highlight that although the humanitarian crises is over in Liberia, there are pockets of the country where the appalling lack of basic services, malnutrition, morbidity and mortality in itself constitutes localised crises. Efforts have been undertaken by the Government, assisted by the United Nations and other organisations through the Protection Cluster, to ensure that disputes over land are resolved through mediation and property committees. The Protection Cluster, through the subcluster of GBV chaired by UNFPA, has also been closely involved in the development and launch of a National Plan to 47 UNHCR, December The CFSNS was a joint effort involving the Government of Liberia and WFP, CRS, UNICEF, WHO, World Vision, LISGIS and GTZ. 80

89 address GBV. Moreover, cluster members were active in ensuring followup to GBV cases identified by NRC monitors, including psychosocial counselling, ensuring that medical services were provided and followup with the judicial system to persecute and prosecute these cases. As rule of law institutions are being strengthened, protection activities have been ongoing, including monitoring and responding to violations of the rights of the population, particularly those related to vulnerable populations such as children, women and returning populations. This has included the development of referral pathways and handbooks in some counties, as well as awareness campaigns on SEA, GBV, and training in how to respond to such cases. The Protection Cluster also worked with the Early Recovery Cluster to identify gaps in the rule of law infrastructure and to develop a standard support package for police, courts and prisons. Reintegration of excombatants continued throughout 2006, with a total caseload of 101,874 disarmed combatants, including 10,897 children, of which 59,832 had completed reintegration and rehabilitation programmes as of 27 October At that time a further 26,956 of excombatants were in rehabilitation or reintegration programmes. A residual caseload of 39,168 excombatants is to undergo programmes in Strengthen capacity of civil society and local authorities to support the recovery process Some of the efforts undertaken by the United Nations system, international NGOs, and other humanitarian actors as described above, have components aimed at building local and national capacities. Activities targeting protection, strengthening rule of law institutions, rebuilding infrastructure, revitalising communities and provision of basic services, all aim for these activities to be sustainable in the long run by building the capacity of he Government to undertake these activities. The DDCs, supported by the CBR programme, is one way of empowering communities to take the lead on prioritising and planning recovery. Furthermore, CBOs and national NGOs play an important part in the process as implementing partners to the United Nations and INGOs. The CST mechanism developed through 2006 has a similar aim in building capacity and supporting local government. The CSTs were developed as a framework to bring the UN system under one umbrella to better support Government at the county level. The CSTs are intended to meet the following objectives: ensure a coherent and consolidated approach to addressing county (including district and community) challenges; support Government in developing county recovery and development strategies; and, build capacity of Government institutions that will increasingly take over responsibility for security, reconstruction, and development. The CSTs also monitor monthly progress towards targets and benchmarks, thus enabling participants in the mechanism to identify gaps and bottlenecks. The CST structure also has the potential to address deficiencies in the coordination system identified in 2006, namely the lack of linkages and information flows between county and national level within many sectors/clusters. The CSTs also have the potential to bridge operational and strategic coordination, as well as providing a mechanism for monitoring and evaluation of humanitarian action, provided that there is buyin to the concept from NGOs and other partners. The CST mechanism interacts with NGOs with and international organisations. In most counties the decision to combine the existing Humanitarian InterAgency Meetings, which is the main humanitarian coordination meeting at the county level, with the new County Assessment and Action Meeting (CAAM) was made in consultation with NGOs. The majority of interactions between the CSTs and NGOs centre on the monthly CAAM. This meeting brings together local authorities, the UNCT and NGOs to identify key issues to be addressed. There have been indications, in some counties, that the CST format has increased interaction between NGOs (specifically smaller NGOs) and local authorities. 49 UNMIL RRR and UNDP Joint Implementation Unit,

90 8. DONOR RESPONSE TO THE 2006 APPEAL Table I: Consolidated Appeal for Liberia 2006 Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Appealing Organisation as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations Page 1 of 2 APPEALING ORGANISATION Original Revised Funding % Requirements Requirements Covered Unmet Requirements Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ A B C C/B BC D ADEN 268,570 0% 268,570 ADRA 150,000 0% 150,000 AHA 1,640,439 1,213,334 0% 1,213,334 ANDP 128,000 0% 128,000 ARC 1,235,000 1,890,000 0% 1,890,000 CCF 280,242 1,831,003 0% 1,831,003 CCF 3,481,800 3,863,850 0% 3,863,850 CCF/ADRA 637, , % 1,368 CEDE 100,000 0% 100,000 CI 17,342 0% 17,342 CMND 68,038 0% 68,038 DRC 420,000 0% ECREP 150,296 0% 150,296 EQUIP Liberia 1,969,000 1,969,000 0% 1,969,000 FAO 7,831,000 6,431,000 3,251,266 51% 3,179,734 HRGSH 85,000 0% 85,000 ICTJ 196, ,975 62% 74,168 IMC 974,012 0% 974,012 IOM 4,081,000 4,081,000 0% 4,081,000 IRC 2,471, ,132 26% 1,835,388 LUSH 156,000 0% 156,000 LWF 215,569 0% 215,569 MDM 1,547, , , % MENTOR 124, ,071 0% 100,071 MERLIN 3,473,453 3,473,453 1,220,873 35% 2,252,580 NRC 3,220,400 3,220,400 0% 3,220,400 NWMTI 217,801 0% 217,801 OCHA 626, , ,172 88% 73,634 Paradigm of Consciousness Ministries, Inc. 888,566 1,037,500 0% 1,037,500 Samaritan's Purse 990, ,000 0% 990,000 SC UK 1,000,000 1,000, ,327 57% 434,673 Solidarités 860, ,513 58% 357,487 TEARFUND 1,010, ,000 49% 520,000 UN Agencies 0% UNDP 3,500,000 9,107,308 4,302,719 47% 4,804,589 UNESCO 300, ,000 0% 350,000 UNFPA 817,574 3,144, ,844 14% 2,706,163 UNHABITAT 1,730, ,000 0% 990,000 UNHCR 52,839,650 48,045,010 44,513,174 93% 3,531,836 UNICEF 20,845,325 22,608,730 12,787,910 57% 9,820,820 UNIFEM 609, ,091 0% 609,091 The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 82

91 Table I: Consolidated Appeal for Liberia 2006 Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Appealing Organisation as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations Page 2 of 2 APPEALING ORGANISATION Original Revised Funding % Requirements Requirements Covered Unmet Requirements Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ A B C C/B BC D UNMIL/CAU 750,000 0% 750,000 VIA 804, ,732 0% 804,732 WFP 290, , , % (6,209) WHO 3,706,599 15,382,997 1,803,141 12% 13,579,856 World Hope International 250, ,000 0% 250,000 World Relief 1,069,995 1,069,995 0% 1,069,995 WVI 473, ,905 0% 766,905 ZOA Refugee Care 946,080 1,073,830 0% 1,073,830 GRAND TOTAL 120,991, ,191,413 72,633,987 50% 72,557,426 NOTE: "Funding" means Contributions + Commitments + Carryover Pledge: Commitment: Contribution: a nonbinding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed). creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed. the actual payment of funds or transfer of inkind goods from the donor to the recipient entity. The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 83

92 Table II: Consolidated Appeal for Liberia 2006 Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Sector as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organisations SECTOR Original Requirements Revised Requirements Funding % Covered Unmet Requirements Uncommitted Pledges Value in US$ AGRICULTURE COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND INFRASTRUCTURE EDUCATION HEALTH MULTISECTOR PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW SECTOR NOT YET SPECIFIED SHELTER AND NONFOOD ITEMS WATER AND SANITATION A B C C/B BC D 8,863,400 9,597,921 4,183,607 44% 5,414, ,806 1,326, ,172 42% 773,692 4,950,000 11,300,250 4,302,719 38% 6,997,531 7,382,732 4,883,482 1,828,164 37% 3,055,318 23,371,136 39,318,480 5,060,089 13% 34,258,391 51,414,650 46,620,010 44,513,174 95% 2,106,836 10,488,213 13,414,258 4,680,975 35% 8,733,283 2,495,808 0% (2,495,808) 7,110,395 6,370,395 0% 6,370,395 6,784,325 12,359,753 5,016,279 41% 7,343,474 GRAND TOTAL 120,991, ,191,413 72,633,987 50% 72,557,426 NOTE: "Funding" means Contributions + Commitments + Carryover Pledge: Commitment: Contribution: a nonbinding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed). creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed. the actual payment of funds or transfer of inkind goods from the donor to the recipient entity. The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 84

93 Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Liberia 2006 List of Appeal Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 1 of 12 Project Code: Sector/Activity Appealing Agency Original Revised Requirements Requirements Funding % Covered Unmet Requirements Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ AGRICULTURE LIB06/A01A: Emergency support to training of Liberian rural women in agroprocessing and FAO 416, ,000 0% 416,000 packaging LIB06/A01B: Emergency support to training of Liberian rural women in agroprocessing and UNIFEM 104, ,000 0% 104,000 packaging LIB06/A02: Improved Rural Livelihoods, Gbehlageh & Zoegeh Districts, Nimba County ZOA Refugee Care 213, ,900 0% 266,900 LIB06/A03: Support to Swamp Rice Development In Liberia FAO 400, ,000 0% 400,000 LIB06/A04A: Establishment of a National Food Security Strategy and Implementation Plan LIB06/A04B: Establishment of a National Food Security Strategy and Implementation Plan LIB06/A05: Emergency provision of agricultural inputs to returnees, excombatants and war affected farmers in 9 counties (replaced by LIB06/A17) FAO 250, ,000 0% 250,000 WFP 250, , , % (46,209) FAO 2,500,000 0% LIB06/A06: Emergency assistance to support rehabilitation of aquaculture farming in four counties FAO 600, ,000 0% 600,000 LIB06/A07: Emergency production of viable high yielding, decease resistant and early maturing rice seed varieties in Liberia FAO 865, ,000 1,941, % (1,076,138) LIB06/A08: Emergency supply of vegetative material for the multiplication of disease resistent varieties of cassava and sweet potato in Liberia FAO 800, ,000 0% 800,000 LIB06/A09A: FAO/WFP Crop and Food Supply Assessment Mission to Liberia. LIB06/A09B: FAO/WFP Crop and Food Supply Assessment Mission to Liberia. FAO 40,000 40,000 0% 40,000 WFP 40,000 40,000 0% 40,000 LIB06/A10: Support to coordination of emergency interventions to improve household food security FAO 360, ,000 0% 360,000 LIB06/A11: Farmers Field School accelerated capacity building for restoration of agricultural based productive capacity with emergency assistance LIB06/A12: Postconflict Rehabilitation of Food Security for Smallscale Farmers in Liberia LIB06/A13: Rice and Vegetable Production for increased Food Security and Livelihoods FAO 400, ,000 0% 400,000 FAO 1,200,000 1,200,000 1,010,128 84% 189,872 CCF 425, ,000 0% 425,000 The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 85

94 Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Liberia 2006 List of Appeal Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 2 of 12 Project Code: Sector/Activity Appealing Agency Original Revised Requirements Requirements Funding % Covered Unmet Requirements Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ AGRICULTURE LIB06/A14: Restocking of Livestock in Communities to supplement proteindiet of returnee populations and create livelihood for vulnerable women in Nimba, Lofa, Bong, Gbarpolu, and Cape Mount Counties LIB06/A15: Food Security and Livelihood Promotion in depressed districts of Gbarpolu, Cape Mount, Bong, and Lofa counties CCF/ADRA 637, , % 1,368 CCF 923,521 0% 923,521 LIB06/A16: Access to food for vulnerable communities in Nimba, Bomi and TEARFUND 520,000 0% 520,000 Sinoe Counties LIB06/A17: Addressing Emergency Pest Management problems and strengthening plant protection capacities of field agricultural extension agents and smallholder farmers LIB06/FAO: Awaiting allocation to specific project FAO 1,100, ,000 27% 800,000 FAO 0% Subtotal for AGRICULTURE 8,863,400 9,597,921 4,183,607 44% 5,414,314 COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES LIB06/CSS01: Provision of Humanitarian Relief and Recovery Information Services LIB06/CSS02: Provision of Relief and Recovery Information Services OCHA 626, , ,172 88% 73,634 UNDP 700,058 0% 700,058 Subtotal for COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES 626,806 1,326, ,172 42% 773,692 The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 86

95 Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Liberia 2006 List of Appeal Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 3 of 12 Project Code: Sector/Activity Appealing Agency Original Revised Requirements Requirements Funding % Covered Unmet Requirements Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND INFRASTRUCTURE LIB06/ER/I01: Foya and Kolahun Districts Farm to Market Road Rehabilitation Project in Lofa County Samaritan's Purse 675, ,000 0% 675,000 LIB06/ER/I02: Labour Intensive works for Emergency Youth Employment aimed at Emergency Rehabilitation of Feeder Roads to provide access to the productive sector UNDP 2,500,000 6,107,250 0% 6,107,250 LIB06/ER/I03: Restoration of livelihoods through communitybased recovery UNDP 1,000,000 1,000,000 0% 1,000,000 LIB06/ER/I04A: Microfinance programme World Relief 250, ,000 0% 250,000 LIB06/ER/I04B: Microfinance programme World Hope International 250, ,000 0% 250,000 LIB06/ER/I05: MicroEnterprise Development to Support Peaceful and Productive Communities LIB06/ER/I06: Early Recovery Cluster lead ARC 275, ,000 0% 275,000 UNDP 1,300,000 0% 1,300,000 LIB06/ER/I07: Income Generation for War affected women in Grand Bassa County ADRA 150,000 0% 150,000 LIB06/ER/I08: Facilitating Micro enterprise Development and reintegration of returning refugees and IDPs through Savings and Loans activities in rural and urban Liberia ARC 500,000 0% 500,000 LIB06/ER/I09: Replenishing Liberia s Livestock IRC 500,000 0% 500,000 LIB06/ER/I10: Increase Livelihood Security through On Farm and Off Farm Activities for War Affected People LIB06/UNDP: Awaiting allocation to specific project WVI 293,000 0% 293,000 UNDP 4,302,719 0% (4,302,719) Subtotal for ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND INFRASTRUCTURE 4,950,000 11,300,250 4,302,719 38% 6,997,531 The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 87

96 Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Liberia 2006 List of Appeal Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 4 of 12 Project Code: Sector/Activity Appealing Agency Original Revised Requirements Requirements Funding % Covered Unmet Requirements Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ EDUCATION LIB06/E01: Access to quality education and increase girls enrolment UNICEF 2,059,000 1,070, ,164 63% 391,836 LIB06/E02: Database for education statistics UNESCO 100,000 50,000 0% 50,000 LIB06/E03: Assistance to war affected children through the provision of conducive playing space LIB06/E04: HIV/AIDS Education in the Curriculum DRC 420,000 0% UNESCO 200, ,000 0% 300,000 LIB06/E05: Skills Training for Physically Challenged, Margibi & Montserrado Districts ZOA Refugee Care 188, ,000 0% 188,000 LIB06/E06: Accelerated Learning Programme (ALP) UNICEF 2,451,000 1,310,750 1,150,000 88% 160,750 LIB06/E07: Emergency Education NRC 1,160,000 1,160,000 0% 1,160,000 LIB06/E08: Teacher Training, School Support and Education Programs for VIA 804, ,732 0% 804,732 WarAffected Children in Bassa, Cape Mount, Lofa, Bong and Montserrado Counties Subtotal for EDUCATION 7,382,732 4,883,482 1,828,164 37% 3,055,318 The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 88

97 Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Liberia 2006 List of Appeal Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 5 of 12 Project Code: Sector/Activity Appealing Agency Original Revised Requirements Requirements Funding % Covered Unmet Requirements Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ HEALTH LIB06/H01: Revitalizing Primary Health Care Delivery with emphasis on RH HIV/AIDS and capacity building in Grand Cape mount, Gbarpolu and Bomi Counties for a target population of 594,968 inclusive W/S and each HFs. AHA 1,215, ,080 0% 556,080 LIB06/H02: Secondary Level Health Care for The Western Region of Liberia [GCM, Gbarpolu and Bomi for total population of 594,968 LIB06/H03: Rehabilitation of Integrated Primary Health Care for War Affected and Resettled families in underserved areas of Nimba LIB06/H04: Rehabilitation of Integrated Primary Health Care for War Affected and Resettled Populations in Sinoe County AHA 424, ,745 0% 227,745 EQUIP Liberia 340, ,000 0% 340,000 EQUIP Liberia 760, ,000 0% 760,000 LIB06/H05: Integrated primary health services, including mental health care provision, for war affected and resettled population in Bong County MDM 1,547, , , % LIB06/H06: Expanding Malaria Control to the most vulnerable populations in Liberia LIB06/H07: Integrated Primary and Secondary Health Services for the War Affected Population of Grand Gedeh County, South East Liberia MENTOR 124, ,071 0% 100,071 MERLIN 1,873,453 1,873, ,674 34% 1,230,779 LIB06/H08: Integrated Primary and Secondary Health Services for the War Affected Population of Maryland County, South East Liberia MERLIN 1,600,000 1,600, ,199 36% 1,021,801 LIB06/H09: Rehabilitation of Primary and Secondary health care services for the resettlement of waraffected Liberians, and the Prevention and Control of the Spread of HIV/AIDS Paradigm of Consciousness Ministries, Inc. 888, ,000 0% 536,000 LIB06/H10: Clinic renovation and capacity building for HIV/AIDS, maternal and primary health care in Lofa County Samaritan's Purse 225, ,000 0% 225,000 LIB06/H11: Primary health care and protection programme in Bomi, Gbarpolu Bong, Montserrado and Margibi Counties LIB06/H12: Reproductive health care provision & HIV/AIDS prevention in Bomi, Gbarpolu Bong, Montserrado and Margibi SC UK 700, , ,327 81% 134,673 SC UK 300, ,000 0% 300,000 LIB06/H13: Reproductive health services in four South Eastern Counties in UNFPA 473,567 1,500,000 0% 1,500,000 Liberia LIB06/H14A: Polio Eradication Initiative WHO 2,990,790 2,990,790 0% 2,990,790 The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 89

98 Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Liberia 2006 List of Appeal Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 6 of 12 Project Code: Sector/Activity Appealing Agency Original Revised Requirements Requirements Funding % Covered Unmet Requirements Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ HEALTH LIB06/H14B: Polio Eradication Initiative UNICEF 1,431,900 1,431,900 0% 1,431,900 LIB06/H15A: Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) UNICEF 3,130,200 3,170, ,065 10% 2,851,935 LIB06/H15B: Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) WHO 1,420,000 0% 1,420,000 LIB06/H16: Maternal and Child Health UNICEF 2,397,600 3,500,000 0% 3,500,000 LIB06/H17: Maternal and Child Nutrition UNICEF 654, ,000 0% 100,000 LIB06/H18: Coordination of health sector actions WHO 139,900 2,401, ,313 11% 2,148,767 LIB06/H19: Disease surveillance, early warning system and response to outbreaks LIB06/H20A: Strengthening Sexual Gender Based Violence (SGVB) Prevention, Medical and Psychosocial & Mental Health Support to raped victims and other vulnerable groups LIB06/H20B: Strengthening Sexual Gender Based Violence (SGVB) Prevention, Medical and Psychosocial & Mental Health Support to raped victims and other vulnerable groups LIB06/H21: Referral Services for emergency patients in Bomi and Cape Mount Counties LIB06/H22: HIV/AIDS prevention and direct assistance to the most vulnerable in areas of return LIB06/H23: Psychosocial and Mental Health Support for returnees and host community WHO 189, , ,390 21% 619,961 WHO 386, ,876 0% 638,876 UNFPA 104, ,007 0% 104,007 WVI 217, ,720 0% 217,720 IOM 1,000,000 1,000,000 0% 1,000,000 WVI 256, ,185 0% 256,185 LIB06/H24: Primary Health Care (PHC) for Sinoe and Revercess Counties AHA 429,509 0% 429,509 LIB06/H25: Rehabilitation of primary health care services for the resettlement of waraffected Liberians in River Gee County Paradigm of Consciousness Ministries, Inc. 328,500 0% 328,500 LIB06/H26: Emergency reproductive health kits UNFPA 500, ,844 88% 62,156 LIB06/H27: Improved Primary Health Care Delivery in Grand Cape Mount NWMTI 217,801 0% 217,801 The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 90

99 Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Liberia 2006 List of Appeal Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 7 of 12 Project Code: Sector/Activity Appealing Agency Original Revised Requirements Requirements Funding % Covered Unmet Requirements Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ HEALTH LIB06/H28: Sexual and GenderBased Violence (SGBV) in Lofa County, Liberia LIB06/H29: Expanding Integrated Essential Primary Health Care Service for the Returning and Resident Population of Lofa County IMC 246,194 0% 246,194 IMC 727,818 0% 727,818 LIB06/H30A: Measles National Immunisation Days WHO 1,420, ,795 17% 1,175,205 LIB06/H30B: Measles National Immunisation Days UNICEF 984, ,239 20% 785,161 LIB06/H31: Response to preventive and curative PHC, emergency secondary and obstetric, disease outbreaks and surveillance WHO 5,531,900 0% 5,531,900 LIB06/H32: Support to emergency preparedness and response of the nutrition sector LIB06/WHO: to be allocated to specific projects UNICEF 1,687,500 0% 1,687,500 WHO 1,145,643 0% (1,145,643) Subtotal for HEALTH 23,371,136 39,318,480 5,060,089 13% 34,258,391 MULTISECTOR LIB06/MS01: Protection and assistance for refugees, returnees and host/receiving communities LIB06/MS02: Protection, monitoring and assistance for IDPs and receiving communities UNHCR 37,084,990 32,290,350 30,758,514 95% 1,531,836 UNHCR 13,754,660 13,754,660 13,754, % LIB06/MS03: Community Development to Support Peaceful and Productive Communities ARC 575, ,000 0% 575,000 Subtotal for MULTISECTOR 51,414,650 46,620,010 44,513,174 95% 2,106,836 The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 91

100 Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Liberia 2006 List of Appeal Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 8 of 12 Project Code: Sector/Activity Appealing Agency Original Revised Requirements Requirements Funding % Covered Unmet Requirements Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW LIB06/P/HR/RL01: Information, Counselling & Legal Assistance NRC 1,000,000 1,000,000 0% 1,000,000 LIB06/P/HR/RL02: Reintegration of women and children affected by conflict and displacement, and capacity building of community and governmental structures to enhance well being, good governance and peaceful coexistence. LIB06/P/HR/RL03: Addressing GBV/VAW through education and capacity for prevention of HIV and STIs. CCF 1,700,000 1,700,000 0% 1,700,000 UNIFEM 505, ,091 0% 505,091 LIB06/P/HR/RL04: Peacebuilding in communities ZOA Refugee Care 209, ,680 0% 209,680 LIB06/P/HR/RL05: Reintegration of ex combatants through a LEAP initiative IOM 649, ,000 0% 649,000 LIB06/P/HR/RL06: Counter Trafficking in Human Beings in Liberia IOM 800, ,000 0% 800,000 LIB06/P/HR/RL07: TCN Repatriation Assistance to their Country of Origin IOM 132, ,000 0% 132,000 LIB06/P/HR/RL08: Reintegration of children demobilized from fighting forces UNICEF 3,007,000 1,368,000 2,880, % (1,512,684) LIB06/P/HR/RL09: Children without Primary Caregivers and Juvenile Justice UNICEF 421, , , % (178,129) LIB06/P/HR/RL10: Prevention and Response to Sexual and Gender Based Violence UNICEF 621, , , % (16,155) LIB06/P/HR/RL11: Communitybased Reintegration of Conflict Affected Youth and CCF 536, ,850 0% 918,850 Women LIB06/P/HR/RL12: Genderbased Violence Prevention and Response ARC 385, ,000 0% 540,000 LIB06/P/HR/RL13: Preventing and responding to GBV in Lofa and Nimba counties UNFPA 240, ,000 0% 240,000 LIB06/P/HR/RL14: Safeguarding the Future Effectively (SAFE) CCF 280, ,482 0% 907,482 LIB06/P/HR/RL15: Demobilisation, Training and Equipping the Liberian Bureau of Corrections UNMIL/CAU 650,000 0% 650,000 LIB06/P/HR/RL16: Training of staff for the Liberian Bureau of Corrections UNMIL/CAU 100,000 0% 100,000 The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 92

101 Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Liberia 2006 List of Appeal Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 9 of 12 Project Code: Sector/Activity Appealing Agency Original Revised Requirements Requirements Funding % Covered Unmet Requirements Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW LIB06/P/HR/RL17: Promotion of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission Activities LIB06/P/HR/RL18: TRC Education and Information Dissemination Campaign Targeting Liberian Youth LIB06/P/HR/RL19: Supporting Transitional Justice in Liberia CEDE 100,000 0% 100,000 CI 17,342 0% 17,342 ICTJ 196, ,975 62% 74,168 LIB06/P/HR/RL20: CommunityBased Rule of Law Support IRC 350, , % (286,132) LIB06/P/HR/RL21: Promoting Child Protection & Reintegration of Separated Children in Liberia LIB06/P/HR/RL22: Prevention, Response and Economic Empowerment for Survivors of Gender Based Violence and other Vulnerable Women and Girls LIB06/P/HR/RL23A: Coordination of Reduction in Gender Based Violence among War Affected Population in Liberia LIB06/P/HR/RL23B: Coordination of Reduction in Gender Based Violence among War Affected Population in Liberia IRC 587,500 0% 587,500 IRC 595,270 0% 595,270 UNFPA 800,000 0% 800,000 WHO 200,000 0% 200,000 Subtotal for PROTECTION/HUMAN RIGHTS/RULE OF LAW 10,488,213 13,414,258 4,680,975 35% 8,733,283 SECTOR NOT YET SPECIFIED LIB06/Unearmarked: Awaiting allocation to specific project/sector UN Agencies 0% LIB06/UNHCR: Awaiting allocation to specific project/sector UNHCR 0% LIB06/UNICEF: Awaiting allocation to specific project/sector UNICEF 2,495,808 0% (2,495,808) Subtotal for SECTOR NOT YET SPECIFIED 2,495,808 0% (2,495,808) The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 93

102 Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Liberia 2006 List of Appeal Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 10 of 12 Project Code: Sector/Activity Appealing Agency Original Revised Requirements Requirements Funding % Covered Unmet Requirements Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ SHELTER AND NONFOOD ITEMS LIB06/S/NF01: Bomi ReIntegration Project World Relief 819, ,995 0% 819,995 LIB06/S/NF02: Supplementary shelter assistance NRC 1,060,400 1,060,400 0% 1,060,400 LIB06/S/NF03A: Capacity Building for Adequate Shelter Delivery in Resettlement Communities LIB06/S/NF03B: Capacity Building for Adequate Shelter Delivery in Resettlement Communities LIB06/S/NF04: IDP Reintegration Assistance & Community Empowerment UNHABITAT 1,730, ,000 0% 990,000 UNHCR 2,000,000 2,000,000 0% 2,000,000 IOM 1,500,000 1,500,000 0% 1,500,000 Subtotal for SHELTER AND NONFOOD ITEMS 7,110,395 6,370,395 0% 6,370,395 The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 94

103 Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Liberia 2006 List of Appeal Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 11 of 12 Project Code: Sector/Activity Appealing Agency Original Revised Requirements Requirements Funding % Covered Unmet Requirements Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ WATER AND SANITATION LIB06/WS01: Latrine construction and hygiene awareness promotion LIB06/WS02: Improved Water & Sanitation, Nimba county(gbehlageh, Zoegeh & SanniquellieMahn Districts) Samaritan's Purse ZOA Refugee Care 90,000 90,000 0% 90, , ,250 0% 409,250 LIB06/WS03: Hygiene Promotion Project in Areas of Return in Maryland, Lofa and Nimba counties and Support to National Level Monitoring UNICEF 1,326,450 1,326, ,891 51% 646,559 LIB06/WS04: Post Conflict Reconstruction of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene UNICEF 3,343,875 3,343,875 3,343, % Facilities in Areas of Return in Maryland, Lofa and Nimba counties and Support to National Level Monitoring LIB06/WS05: Rehabilitation of Water, Sanitation facilities and Hygiene Education for War Affected and Returned unserved communities in Sinoe, Nimba, and Bong. LIB06/WS06: Revitalization of Communities for Sustainable, Secure and Productive Livelihoods EQUIP Liberia 869, ,000 0% 869,000 CCF 820, ,000 0% 820,000 LIB06/WS07: Public Health Support to Community Resettlement in Bomi and ADEN 268,570 0% 268,570 Cape Mount Counties LIB06/WS08: Latrine and Wells Construction & Hygiene Promotion ANDP 128,000 0% 128,000 LIB06/WS09: Water and sanitation CMND 68,038 0% 68,038 LIB06/WS10: Rehabilitation of Water and Sanitation facilities and & Health Hygiene Promotion LIB06/WS11: Rehabilitation of Water and Sanitation facilities and & Health Hygiene Promotion LIB06/WS12: Strengthening Environmental Health in Areas of Return in Voinjama, Zorzor and Foya Districts, Lofa County LIB06/WS13: Wells and Latrine Construction and Hygiene Education ECREP 150,296 0% 150,296 HRGSH 85,000 0% 85,000 IRC 438,750 0% 438,750 LUSH 156,000 0% 156,000 LIB06/WS14: Rural Water Supply & Health Hygiene Promotion LWF 215,569 0% 215,569 LIB06/WS15: Provision of Safe Drinking Water and Latrine facilities for waraffected Liberians in Bong Mine, Fuamah District, Lower Bong County Paradigm of Consciousness Ministries, Inc. 173,000 0% 173,000 LIB06/WS16: Sustainable safe Water and Sanitation and good hygienic practices for vulnerable communities in Nimba, Bomi and Sinoe Counties TEARFUND 490, , % The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 95

104 Table III: Consolidated Appeal for Liberia 2006 List of Appeal Projects (grouped by sector), with funding status of each as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 12 of 12 Project Code: Sector/Activity Appealing Agency Original Revised Requirements Requirements Funding % Covered Unmet Requirements Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ WATER AND SANITATION LIB06/WS17: Sustainable safe Water and Sanitation and good hygienic practices for vulnerable communities in Nimba, Bomi and Sinoe Counties LIB06/WS18: Support to emergency preparedness and response in the WatSan sector Solidarités 860, ,513 58% 357,487 UNICEF 2,467,955 0% 2,467,955 Subtotal for WATER AND SANITATION 6,784,325 12,359,753 5,016,279 41% 7,343,474 Grand Total 120,991, ,191,413 72,633,987 50% 72,557,426 NOTE: "Funding" means Contributions + Commitments + Carryover Pledge: Commitment: Contribution: a nonbinding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed). creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed. the actual payment of funds or transfer of inkind goods from the donor to the recipient entity. The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 96

105 Table IV: Consolidated Appeal for Liberia 2006 List of commitments/contributions and pledges to projects listed in the Appeal, by Donor as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 1 of 5 Channel Project Code Description Funding Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ Allocation of unearmarked funds by FAO FAO LIB06/A07 Emergency production of viable high yielding, decease resistant and early 236,000 maturing rice seed varieties in Liberia Subtotal for Allocation of unearmarked funds by FAO 236,000 Allocation of unearmarked funds by UNHCR UNHCR LIB06/UNHCR Awaiting allocation to specific project/sector [REPRESENTS ALLOCATION BY 10,776,844 UNHCR FROM UNEARMARKED OR BROADLY EARMARKED CONTRIBUTIONS] Subtotal for Allocation of unearmarked funds by UNHCR 10,776,844 Canada UNHCR LIB06/MS02 Protection, monitoring and assistance for IDPs and receiving communities 446,428 (M012330) Subtotal for Canada 446,428 Central Emergency Response Fund FAO LIB06/A07 CERF allocation to project 44,010 FAO LIB06/A07 CERF allocation to project 130,354 FAO LIB06/A07 CERF allocation to project 260,323 FAO LIB06/A07 CERF allocation to project 260,323 FAO LIB06/A17 CERF allocation to project 300,000 UNFPA LIB06/H26 CERF allocation to project 437,844 WHO LIB06/H19 CERF allocation to project 160,390 WHO LIB06/H30A CERF allocation to project 244,795 WHO LIB06/WHO CERF allocation to project 107,000 WHO LIB06/WHO CERF allocation to project 107,000 WHO LIB06/WHO CERF allocation to project 107,000 WHO LIB06/WHO CERF allocation to project 107,076 WHO LIB06/WHO CERF allocation to project 141,503 WHO LIB06/WHO CERF allocation to project 154,241 WHO LIB06/WHO CERF allocation to project 165,784 WHO LIB06/WHO CERF allocation to project 256,039 Subtotal for Central Emergency Response Fund 2,983,682 * Value of contribution not specified ** Estimated value The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 97

106 Table IV: Consolidated Appeal for Liberia 2006 List of commitments/contributions and pledges to projects listed in the Appeal, by Donor as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 2 of 5 Channel Project Code Description Funding Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office CCF/ADRA LIB06/A14 Household Food Security Recovery Project 636,132 [ECHO/LBR/EDF/2006/01001] IRC LIB06/P/HR/RL20 Protecting Human Rights, Promoting Reintegration and Educating on the Rule of Law [ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01016] 636,132 MDM LIB06/H05 Access to primary health care, including mental health care, for the civilian 515,600 population of Bong County (ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01006) SC UK LIB06/H11 [Liberia]Support to Primary Health Care in Bomi, Gbarpolu and Margibi Counties [ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01013] 565,327 Solidarités LIB06/WS17 [Liberia]Programme for emergency access to potable water, sanitation and 502,513 hygiene promotion phase 3 [ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01012] TEARFUND LIB06/WS16 Integrated Watsan and public health promotion in Nimba County 490,000 (ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01003) UNHCR LIB06/MS01 [Liberia]Repatriation and Reintegration of Liberian Returnees and Internally 4,498,715 Displaced Persons (IDPs)[ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01018] UNICEF LIB06/H15A Provision of solar refrigerators units to strengthen the EPI cold chain system in 318,065 rural Liberia (ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01024) UNICEF LIB06/H30B Measles follow up immunization campaign 199,239 (ECHO/WF/BUD/2006/01001) UNICEF LIB06/UNICEF to be allocated to specific project (ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01023) 512,820 Subtotal for European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office 8,874,543 Finland UNICEF LIB06/UNICEF to be allocated to specific sector/project 510,204 Subtotal for Finland 510,204 France UNHCR LIB06/UNHCR Awaiting allocation to specific project/sector 386,941 Subtotal for France 386,941 Germany UNHCR LIB06/UNHCR Awaiting allocation to specific project (GF LBR 06/06) 256,410 Subtotal for Germany 256,410 International Olympic Committee UNHCR LIB06/MS02 Protection, monitoring and assistance for IDPs and receiving communities 22,000 Subtotal for International Olympic Committee 22,000 * Value of contribution not specified ** Estimated value The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 98

107 Table IV: Consolidated Appeal for Liberia 2006 List of commitments/contributions and pledges to projects listed in the Appeal, by Donor as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 3 of 5 Channel Project Code Description Funding Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ Ireland MERLIN LIB06/H08 Continued support to 10 Primary Health Care centres and a sexual education 578,199 youth centre. Overall objective is to improve the health status and quality of life among war affected populations (MER 06 01) UNDP LIB06/UNDP Awaiting allocation to specific project 296,209 UNHCR LIB06/MS02 Protection, monitoring and assistance for IDPs and receiving communities 350,665 UNICEF LIB06/P/HR/RL09 Children without Primary Caregivers and Juvenile Justice 191,327 UNICEF LIB06/P/HR/RL10 Prevention and Response to Sexual and Gender Based Violence 637,755 WFP LIB06/A04B Establishment of a National Food Security Strategy and Implementation Plan 296,209 WHO LIB06/H18 Coordination of health sector actions 150,510 Subtotal for Ireland 2,500,874 Japan UNHCR LIB06/MS02 Protection, monitoring and assistance for IDPs and receiving communities 2,146,703 UNHCR LIB06/UNHCR Awaiting allocation to specific project/sector 3,000,000 UNICEF LIB06/P/HR/RL08 Reintegration of children demobilized from fighting forces 2,880,684 UNICEF LIB06/WS03 Hygiene Promotion Project in Areas of Return in Maryland, Lofa and Nimba 558,972 counties and Support to National Level Monitoring UNICEF LIB06/WS04 Post Conflict Reconstruction of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Facilities in Areas 3,343,875 of Return in Maryland, Lofa and Nimba counties and Support to National Level Monitoring Subtotal for Japan 11,930,234 Netherlands MERLIN LIB06/H07 To improve the health status of the population of southeast Liberia through 642,674 increased access to quality secondary level health care UNICEF LIB06/E01 Education activities 268,898 UNICEF LIB06/P/HR/RL09 Child protection 213,102 Subtotal for Netherlands 1,124,674 Norway ICTJ LIB06/P/HR/RL19 Supporting the truth and reconciliation (LBR ) 121,975 OCHA LIB06/CSS01 Provision of Humanitarian Relief and Recovery Information Services 453,172 UNHCR LIB06/MS02 Protection, monitoring and assistance for IDPs and receiving communities 1,474,926 Subtotal for Norway 2,050,073 * Value of contribution not specified ** Estimated value The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 99

108 Table IV: Consolidated Appeal for Liberia 2006 List of commitments/contributions and pledges to projects listed in the Appeal, by Donor as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 4 of 5 Channel Project Code Description Funding Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ Private (individual donations) UNHCR LIB06/UNHCR Awaiting allocation to specific project 683 Subtotal for Private (individual donations) 683 Spain UNHCR LIB06/UNHCR Awaiting allocation to specific project/sector 937,894 Subtotal for Spain 937,894 Stichting Vluchteling UNHCR LIB06/UNHCR Awaiting allocation to specific project 250,813 Subtotal for Stichting Vluchteling 250,813 Sweden FAO LIB06/A07 Emergency production of viable high yielding, decease resistant and early 1,010,128 maturing rice seed varieties in Liberia UNDP LIB06/UNDP Awaiting allocation to specific project 4,006,510 UNICEF LIB06/UNICEF Awaiting allocation to specific project/sector 1,882,050 Subtotal for Sweden 6,898,688 Switzerland UNHCR LIB06/MS02 Protection, monitoring and assistance for IDPs and receiving communities 842,358 (7F ) UNHCR LIB06/UNHCR Awaiting allocation to specific project/sector 1,200,625 Subtotal for Switzerland 2,042,983 UNICEF National Committee/Spain UNICEF LIB06/WS03 Hygiene Promotion Project in Areas of Return in Maryland, Lofa and Nimba 120,919 counties and Support to National Level Monitoring Subtotal for UNICEF National Committee/Spain 120,919 * Value of contribution not specified ** Estimated value The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 100

109 Table IV: Consolidated Appeal for Liberia 2006 List of commitments/contributions and pledges to projects listed in the Appeal, by Donor as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 5 of 5 Channel Project Code Description Funding Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ United Kingdom UNHCR LIB06/MS02 Protection, monitoring and assistance for IDPs and receiving communities 1,519,744 UNHCR LIB06/UNHCR Awaiting allocation to specific project/sector 952,381 WHO LIB06/H18 Support to National Health Policy Review 101,803 Subtotal for United Kingdom 2,573,928 United Nations Children's Fund UNICEF LIB06/E01 Agency allocation of pooled funds to project 409,266 UNICEF LIB06/UNICEF Balancing entry for fund allocation (409,266) Subtotal for United Nations Children's Fund United Nations High Commission for Refugees UNHCR LIB06/MS01 Agency allocation of pooled funds to project 26,259,799 UNHCR LIB06/MS02 Agency allocation of pooled funds to project 3,501,836 UNHCR LIB06/UNHCR Balancing entry for fund allocation (26,259,799) UNHCR LIB06/UNHCR Balancing entry for fund allocation (3,501,836) Subtotal for United Nations High Commission for Refugees United States of America FAO LIB06/A12 Postconflict Rehabilitation of Food Security for Smallscale Farmers in Liberia 1,010,128 OCHA LIB06/CSS01 Provision of humanitarian relief and recovery information services 100,000 (DFDA ) UNHCR LIB06/MS02 Protection, monitoring and assistance for IDPs and receiving communities 3,450,000 UNHCR LIB06/UNHCR Awaiting allocation to specific project/sector 11,999,044 UNICEF LIB06/E06 Education for refugees returnees (SM060330) 1,150,000 Subtotal for United States of America 17,709,172 Grand Total 72,633,987 0 NOTE: "Funding" means Contributions + Commitments Pledge: Commitment: Contribution: a nonbinding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed). creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed. the actual payment of funds or transfer of inkind goods from the donor to the recipient entity. * Value of contribution not specified ** Estimated value The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 101

110 Table V: Consolidated Appeal for Liberia 2006 Total Funding per Donor (to projects listed in the Appeal) (carry over not included) as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations Donor Values in US$ Funding US$ % of Grand Total Uncommitted pledges US$ United States 17,709, % Japan 11,930, % Allocations of unearmarked funds by UN agencies 11,012, % European Commission (ECHO) 8,874, % Sweden 6,898, % Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) 2,983, % United Kingdom 2,573, % Ireland 2,500, % Norway 2,050, % Switzerland 2,042, % Netherlands 1,124, % Spain 937, % Finland 510, % Canada 446, % Private (individuals & organisations) 394, % France 386, % Germany 256, % Grand Total 72,633, % NOTE: "Funding" means Contributions + Commitments Pledge: Commitment: Contribution: a nonbinding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed). creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed. the actual payment of funds or transfer of inkind goods from the donor to the recipient entity. * includes contributions to the Consolidated Appeal and additional contributions outside of the Consolidated Appeal Process (bilateral, Red Cross, etc...) The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 102

111 Table VI: Other Humanitarian Funding to Liberia 2006 List of commitments/contributions and pledges to projects not listed in the Appeal as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 1 of 4 Channel Description Funding Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ Central Emergency Response Fund UNICEF CERF allocation to project 1,000,000 Subtotal for Central Emergency Response Fund 1,000,000 Denmark ADRA Denmark Integrated resettlement project in the Nimba province, Liberia 405,224 Danish RC Humanitarian assistance to Liberia 689,194 IBIS Accelerated Learning Programme, , Liberia 353,224 IBIS Accelerated learning programme, Liberia 261,258 MSF Support to primary and secondary health services in Liberia ,180 UNHCR Danish contribution to UNHCR s Supplementary Appeal for assistance to Internally Displaced 2,295,951 Persons in Liberia during the period Subtotal for Denmark 4,329,031 * Value of contribution not specified ** Estimated value The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 103

112 Table VI: Other Humanitarian Funding to Liberia 2006 List of commitments/contributions and pledges to projects not listed in the Appeal as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 2 of 4 Channel Description Funding Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office ACFFrance Conflict related water and sanitation rehabilitation in Nimba County 320,146 (ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01021) ACFFrance Nutrition project Monrovia, Montserrado County 254,685 (ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01019) ACFFrance Water and sanitation in Lofa County and Food Security Surveillance in Montserrado County IDP 857,975 camps, Lofa and Nimba Counties (ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01009) ADRA Emergency revitalization water and sanitation project, Phase II, Nimba County 591,716 (ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01005) CONCERN Environmental Health Intervention for war affected communities in Bong County 669,996 (ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01020) CORDAID [Liberia]Rehabilitation of health centres, and capacity building of CHS staff in post conflict 439,698 [ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01011] DEA Community based water and sanitation intervention for supporting repatriation and reintegration 407,125 in Nimba County (ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01022) DRC Improving acces to safe drinking water, sanitation and food security in Southeast Liberia 1,145,038 (ECHO/LBR/EDF/2006/01002) ICRC [Liberia]ICRC economic security, health and family links [ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01014] 2,826,633 MDM Access to primary health care, including mental health care, for the civilian population of Bong 76,116 MSF County (ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01006) Integrated mother and child health (M.C.H.) hospital and health centre in Paynesville 591,716 MSF Switzerland (ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01007) Management of primary and secondary level health structures in southern Nimba 473,373 (ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01010) MSF/Belgium Medical assistance to population in Monrovia city (ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01001) 355,030 NRC Returnee Monitoring project(echo/lbr/bud/2006/01004) 355,030 OXFAM UK [Liberia]Integrated humanitarian action for communities of return and the urban settlements of 880,367 Monrovia [ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01017] SC UK [Liberia]Improving access for children and their families to protection and livelihood opportunities 628,141 in Bong, Grand Gedeh, Bomi and Gbarpolu [ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01015] TEARFUND Integrated Watsan and public health promotion in Nimba County 317,147 (ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/01003) UN Agencies and NGOs (details not yet provided) Humanitarian aid to refugees, returnees and vulnerable groups in Liberia [ECHO/ WF/BUD/2006/04000] 2,035,623 UN Agencies, NGOs and Red Cross Humanitarian aid for vulnerable population in Liberia[ECHO/LBR/BUD/2006/ ,307,692 uncommitted balance] Subtotal for European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office 11,189,932 4,343,315 France ACF Food security in Comt du Nimba 205,362 Subtotal for France 205,362 Germany Caritas DCV Resettlement of IDPs and refugees 510,204 ICRC Protection activities and multisectoral humanitarian aid 604,595 MDM Providing basic health care 325,886 UNICEF Reconstruction and resettlement of civil war refugees 318,878 Subtotal for Germany 1,759,563 * Value of contribution not specified ** Estimated value The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 104

113 Table VI: Other Humanitarian Funding to Liberia 2006 List of commitments/contributions and pledges to projects not listed in the Appeal as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 3 of 4 Channel Description Funding Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ Ireland ChildFund Ireland To promote the healthy development and community reintegration of war affected women and 248,815 girls. To build resilience and reduce stree associated with poverty CONCERN Community reintegration and rehabilitation in Lofa County 527,247 DENL Good governance and peace building in rural communities 100,711 DENL Shelter repair for IDPs, returnees and vulnerable people 174,171 IRC Benchmarking best practice on genderbased violence 355,450 IRC To Enhance and encourage the ability of the Ministry of gender and Development and local community structures to prevent and respond to GBV, put GBV issues on the national agenda, and create social change toward safe communities, social justice and equal rights for women and girls in partnership with boys and men 255,102 MERLIN Primary health care and HIV prevention in Monrovia and Montserrado County 688,389 TEARFUND Emergency resettlement and rehabilitation programme 308,057 UNAIDS Strengthening UNAIDS country office 439,573 UNMIL Irish Battalion AIDS hospice Monrovia 12,422 UNMIL Irish Battalion Micro projects 18,634 Subtotal for Ireland 3,128,571 Netherlands ACF Water and sanitation rehabilitation and nutrition programme 1,210,183 MSF, Netherlands Nimba county Health Program; to improve access to to quality and free of charge health care 592,417 Stichting Vluchteling (13939 (DMV )) Gender based violence prevention and improved access to safe drinking water and sanitation facilities 1,106,770 Subtotal for Netherlands 2,909,370 Norway Flyktningehjelpen Education for returnees and IDPs (LBR ) 1,145,663 Flyktningehjelpen IDPs return (LBR ) 796,178 Flyktningehjelpen Information and legal assistance (LBR ) 796,178 Flyktningehjelpen Return and reintegration (LBR ) 645,665 Fondation Hirondelle Star Radio Strengthening civil society (LBR ) 151,033 NCA Support to peace building and development (LBR ) 636,943 Norway RC ICRC Emergency Aid (LBR ) 1,309,329 Subtotal for Norway 5,480,989 * Value of contribution not specified ** Estimated value The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 105

114 Table VI: Other Humanitarian Funding to Liberia 2006 List of commitments/contributions and pledges to projects not listed in the Appeal as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations. Page 4 of 4 Channel Description Funding Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ Sweden ICRC Humanitarian support through ICRC 1,244,116 SRSA Support to people affected by the civil war 72,158 SRSA Support to people affected by the civil war 137,767 SRSA Support to UNMIL with GIS expert 81,999 SRSA Support to UNMIL with GIS expert 79,614 SRSA Support to WFP, ICT technician 65,537 Subtotal for Sweden 1,681,191 Switzerland ACF Transition and reconstruction. 413,223 Fondation Hirondelle Star Radio, and independent Radio Station for Liberia & the Subregion 206,612 SDC/SHA Adminstrations costs cooperations office Freetown 134,860 SDC/SHA Creation of school furniture and school uniforms 153,226 SDC/SHA Emergency resettlement and rehabilitation project Boni 76,336 SDC/SHA Financial contribution for hospital in Voinjama 33,058 SDC/SHA Mission for clarification bilateral reconstruction programme (7F ) 32,308 SDC/SHA Official Car for Health Minister 29,752 SDC/SHA Physical reconstruction of the Tellewoyan hospital in Voinjama 1,440,000 SDC/SHA Preparation of the bilateral reconstruction programme 130,769 SDC/SHA Secondments WFP 343,511 Solidarmed Mission to clarify rehabilitation of a hospital 65,041 UNHCR Secondments 272,519 UNHCR UNHCR Secondment 98,347 WFP WFP secondment 84,298 Subtotal for Switzerland 3,513,860 UNDP Administered Trust Fund FAO Rebuilding Communities in PostConflict Liberia 1,028,980 Subtotal for UNDP Administered Trust Fund 1,028,980 Grand Total 36,226,849 4,343,315 NOTE: "Funding" means Contributions + Commitments Pledge: a nonbinding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed). Commitment: creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed. Contribution: the actual payment of funds or transfer of inkind goods from the donor to the recipient entity. * Value of contribution not specified ** Estimated value The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 106

115 Table VII: Liberia 2006 Total Humanitarian Assistance per Donor (Appeal plus other*)(carry over not included) as of 9 February Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations Donor Values in US$ Funding US$ % of Grand Total Uncommitted pledges US$ European Commission (ECHO) 20,064, % 4,343,315 United States 17,709, % Japan 11,930, % Allocations of unearmarked funds by UN agencies 11,012, % Sweden 8,579, % Norway 7,531, % Ireland 5,629, % Switzerland 5,556, % Denmark 4,329, % Netherlands 4,034, % Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) 3,983, % United Kingdom 2,573, % Germany 2,015, % Private (individuals & organisations) 1,423, % Spain 937, % France 592, % Finland 510, % Canada 446, % Grand Total 108,860, % 4,343,315 NOTE: "Funding" means Contributions + Commitments Pledge: Commitment: a nonbinding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed). creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed. Contribution: the actual payment of funds or transfer of inkind goods from the donor to the recipient entity. * includes contributions to the Consolidated Appeal and additional contributions outside of the Consolidated Appeal Process (bilateral, Red Cross, etc...) The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 9 February For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 107

116 9. ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS AAL ACC ACF ADRA AFELL AHA ALP ANDP ANPPCAN ARC BAG BMI CAAM CAP CAP CBO CBR CC CCF CEIP CERF CESP CFA CFSAM CFSNS CHAP COHDA CPC CST CWC DDCs DDRR DRC EC ECHO ECREP EMIS EPI ER FALL FAO FAWE FIND FOHRD FSLI FTS GAA GAVI GBV GEMAP GTZ HCS HIV/AIDS HRPF IASC ICF ICRC IDP Action Aid Liberia Agriculture Coordination Committee Action Contre la Faim Adventist Development and Relief Agency Association of Female Lawyers of Liberia Africa Humanitarian Action Accelerated Learning Programme Aid for the Needy Development Programme African Network for the Prevention and Protection Against Child Abuse and Neglect Action for the Rights of the Children Breastfeeding Advocacy Group Body Mass Index County Assessment and Action Meeting Children s Assistance Programme Consolidated Appeals Process CommunityBased Organisation CommunityBased Recovery Programme Children s Clubs Christian Children s Fund Continued Formal Education Central Emergency Response Fund Christian Empowerment and Sustainable Program Committee on Food Aid Crop and Food Assessment Mission Comprehensive Food Security and Nutrition Survey Common Humanitarian Action Plan Community and Human Development Agency Community Protection Committees County Support Team Child Welfare Committees District Development Committees Disarmament, Demobilisation, Rehabilitation and Reintegration Danish Refugee Council European Commission European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office Evangelical Children Rehabilitation Programme Education Management Information System Expanded Programme on Immunisation Early Recovery Foundation for All Ages Food and Agriculture Organization Forum for African Women Educationalist Foundation for International Human Dignity Foundation for International Democracy Food Support for Local Initiatives Financial Tracking Service German Agro Action Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation GenderBased violence Governance and Economic Management and Assistance Programme Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit Humanitarian Coordination Section Human ImmunoDeficiency Virus/Acquired ImmunoDeficiency Syndrome Human Rights Project Fund InterAgency Standing Committee IDP Consultative Forum International Committee of the Red Cross Internally Displaced Person 108

117 IFRC ILO IMC INHCR IPPM IPRSP IRC IRIN JPC JRS LCIP LEAP LINNK LIWOMAC LNP LRDC LRRRC LTI LWF LWSC MDGs MDM MENTOR MGD MoA MoE MoHSW MRD MSF MSG MT NACROG NAEAL NARDA NGO NHRCL NIMAC NPWP NRC NTGL NWMT O&M OCHA OFDA PARACOM PBRC PCG PHC PMU PTSD PWJ SAFE SCUK SDC SDP SEA SGBV TNIMA TOT TRC TVET International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies International Labour Organization International Medical Corps Independent National Commission for Human Rights Integrated Production and Pest Management Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper International Rescue Committee Integrated Regional Information Network Catholic Justice and Peace Commission Jesuit Refugee Service Liberia Community Infrastructure Programme Local Enterprise Assistance Programme Local NGO Network Liberian Women Media Action Committee Liberian National Police Liberia Reconstruction and Development Committee Liberian Refugee Repatriation and Resettlement Commission Liberia Transition Initiatives Lutheran World Federation Liberia Water and Sewer Corporation Millennium Development Goals Médecins du Monde Malaria Emergency Network for Technical and Operational Response Ministry of Gender and Development Minister of Agriculture Ministry of Education Ministry of Health and Social Welfare Ministry of Rural Development Médecins Sans Frontières Monitoring and Steering Group (NGO Forum) Metric Tonne National Child Rights Observatory Group National Adult Education Association of Liberia New African Research and Development Agency NonGovernmental Organisation National Human Rights Centre of Liberia National Information Management Centre National Public Works Programme Norwegian Refugee Council National Transitional Governmental Liberia Northwest Medical Teams Operation and Management Office for the Coordination for Humanitarian Affairs (U.S.) Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance Paradigm of Consciousness Ministries, Inc. Peace Building Resource Centre Protection Core Group Primary Health Care Pingstmissionens ulandshjälp (Sweden) PostTraumatic Stress Disorder Peace Winds Japan Safeguarding the Future Effectively Save the Children United Kingdom Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation Sustainable Development Promoters Sexual Exploitation and Abuse Sexual and GenderBased Violence Tubman National Institute of Medical Arts Training of Trainers Truth and Reconciliation Commission Technical Vocational Education and Training 109

118 UDA UNDAF UNDP UNESCO UNFPA UNHCR UNICEF UNMIL USAID VOWODA WANEP WATSAN WB WCPS WFP WHO WSI WV YMCA ZOA United Democratic Alliance United Nations Development Assistance Framework United Nations Development Programme United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization United Nations Population Fund United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights United Nations Children s Fund United Nations Mission in Liberia United States Agency for International Development Woinjama Women Development Association West African Network for Peace Water and Sanitation World Bank Women and Children Protection Section World Food Programme World Health Organization Water and Sanitation Incorporated World Vision Young Men s Christian Association ZOA Refugee Care (NGO) 110

119 NOTES:

120 Consolidated Appeal Feedback Sheet If you would like to comment on this document please do so below and fax this sheet to (Attn: CAP Section) or scan it and us: CAP@ReliefWeb.int Comments reaching us before 28 February 2007 will help us improve the CAP in time for Thank you very much for your time. Consolidated Appeals Process (CAP) Section, OCHA Please write the name of the Consolidated Appeal on which you are commenting: 1. What did you think of the review of 2006? How could it be improved? 2. Is the context and prioritised humanitarian need clearly presented? How could it be improved? 3. To what extent do response plans address humanitarian needs? How could it be improved? 4. To what extent are roles and coordination mechanisms clearly presented? How could it be improved? 5. To what extent are budgets realistic and in line with the proposed actions? How could it be improved? 6. Is the presentation of the document layout and format clear and well written? How could it be improved? Please make any additional comments on another sheet or by . Name: Title & Organisation: Address:

121 OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS (OCHA) UNITED NATIONS PALAIS DES NATIONS NEW YORK, N.Y GENEVA 10 USA SWITZERLAND