The Great Famine. a fall in mortality due to better systems of healthcare. Ag freastal ar an Dún agus Ard Mhacha Theas Serving Down and South Armagh
|
|
- Percival Lawrence
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The Great Famine By 1845 the population of Ireland had risen to around 8.5 million people. This was due to a number of reasons including economic prosperity in response to new overseas markets, sub-division of land, overreliance on the potato as a foodstuff and a fall in mortality due to better systems of healthcare. will, but to the prevailing ideologies of the time. Principal amongst these was the doctrine of laissezfaire, which meant that the government did not intervene in the internal market or in the export of agricultural produce. Although there had been famines in Ireland previously, the Great Famine ( ) had a severe and lasting impact due to the failure of the potato crop in successive years. The response to the famine by the British Government has been viewed as inadequate by historians. The reasons for the government s response are complex, and were not only due to lack of political Over a million people died in Ireland either of starvation or due to the illnesses associated with hunger because of the famine and around 1,800,000 people emigrated. Trevor Hill, Newry, 1829 Print by T.M. Baynes. Newry was a commercial and industrial centre on the eve of the famine, with an educated class ranging from lawyers, clergy, merchants and business people with an interest in politics and welfare. Bessbrook Mill, c. 1880s Regulations for Trevor Corry Charity, 1823 John Grubb Richardson s linen-spinning enterprise was established at Bessbrook, near Newry in Like most other Irish Quakers, the Richardson family were involved in famine relief. By January 1847, there was lamentable destitution in Forkhill, and Newry Workhouse was closed for the admission of paupers. In the early 19th century private charities were often the only source of help in times of hardship. The Corry Charity arose from a bequest left by Sir Trevor Corry of Newry.
2 Outbreak of potato blight For over half the population of Ireland the potato was the main or only source of food. By the 1840s, sub-division of land was widespread among the poorest people and some farms became so small that potatoes were the only crop that could be grown in sufficient quantities to feed a family. Armagh in October The Downpatrick Recorder reported blight in early November of the same year. Potato blight, a fungal infection, was first noticed in Ireland in early September It had travelled from continental Europe to Ireland, and the damp, sunless summer of that year quickly spread the disease. It rotted the potato crop making approximately a third unfit for human consumption. By December 1845 county Armagh had lost one fifth of the crop and county Down one quarter. The following year blight destroyed around three-quarters of the Irish potato crop. In 1847 not enough potato seed had survived to plant, and yield was meagre. Failures occurred again in 1848 and Potato blight was recorded by a member of the Newtownhamilton Relief Committee in south Map of Lower Ballyholland, Newry, 1813 Newry and Mourne Museum Extract from a Kilmorey estate map showing the plots held by cottiers in the townland of Ballyholland in Cottiers were often paid in land rather than cash for labouring on tenant farmers land, and used these small plots to grow potatoes. James Harshaw ( ) Photograph courtesy of the Public Record Office of Northern Ireland James Harshaw of Donaghmore, Newry, kept a diary from the 1830s to the 1860s in which he recorded the appearance of potato blight in the locality. The diaries are held in the Public Record Office of Northern Ireland. Kilkeel Workhouse, pictured in the 1970s Courtesy of Myrtle Irvine Due to the severe distress caused by the total failure of the potato crop, Kilkeel Board of Guardians decided in October 1846 to provide a meal in the workhouse to families from Kilkeel, Mourne Park, Greencastle, Ballykeel and Mullartown.
3 Famine Relief The Irish Poor Law of 1838 had set up mechanisms for helping poor people including the establishment of workhouses, with 130 built in Ireland. However, poor relief legislation was not designed to cope with a prolonged famine. A Relief Commission was formed in November 1845 to oversee relief efforts which included public work schemes and outdoor relief such as soup kitchens. Criticisms were levelled at the public work schemes as people were often weakened by starvation or disease and unable to work. Forkhill Relief Committee complained in January 1847 that only one tenth of the district s 1,220 labourers had been employed in public works. By 1847 soup kitchens had been opened in Downpatrick, Saul, Killough, Seaforde, Saintfield and Ballee in county Down. In 1847 Newry Relief Committee was feeding over 1,100 people from their soup kitchens. Dr. Michael Blake ( ) John Waring Maxwell ( ) Down County Museum John Waring Maxwell of Finnebrogue, Downpatrick contributed to the Ballee Relief Fund. A farmer and landlord, he was chairman of Down Protestant Association and Conservative MP for Downpatrick. The Ballee Relief Fund, established in January 1847, provided relief for about 600 individuals before it closed in August The Catholic Bishop of Dromore, Dr. Blake helped with famine relief in Newry in the harsh winter of 1846/1847. A newspaper account of 5 December 1846 reported that every morning the benevolent prelate supplies a great number of destitute children with breakfast their sole support. Famine relief ticket Courtesy of Libraries Northern Ireland In an effort to alleviate the poverty and distress of local families in Donaghmore, near Newry, a local relief committee was formed in December This relief ticket was issued to Betty Carr of Ardkeragh and her four children, who are listed as destitute. In Crossgar, county Down, The Downpatrick Recorder dated 30 January 1847 drew attention to the consequence of patchy relief schemes: There are about 240 persons in this village in an utterly destitute state... A benevolent gentleman in the neighbourhood made an effort to establish a soup kitchen there, but in vain. He wrote to the proprietor of the town, and also to the several owners of property adjacent, and just two had the common civility to reply... The gentleman... finding his efforts unavailing, returned the money to the donors...
4 Emigration The famine gave rise to a significant increase in emigration. Emigrants from south Ulster and north Leinster left Warrenpoint for St John s, New Brunswick in Canada, New York, or Liverpool. Known as coffin ships, emigrant ships were often overcrowded, inadequately provided with food or clean water and became synonymous with sickness and disease. Many emigrants died on the voyage. Hannah which sailed from Warrenpoint to Quebec, Canada. Approximately 170 people were on board, most of whom were from Forkhill in south Armagh. After hitting an iceberg in the Gulf of St. Lawrence on 29 April 1849, the ship sank with the loss of fortynine lives. Contemporary accounts attach blame to Captain Shaw who abandoned the passengers and made his way to the life-boat. Some emigrants had better experiences than others. Newspaper accounts describe the good accommodation on board ships owned by Francis Carvill. A letter written on behalf of the passengers on board his ship, the Brothers, which arrived in New York on 31 May 1849, thanked Captain Sullivan for their safe passage. Particularly appalling was the experience of emigrants on board the Plan showing Warrenpoint docks, 1840s Warrenpoint was the deep water port for Newry. During the famine emigrants bought their tickets in Newry and travelled to Warrenpoint. Thom s Directory recorded that a total of 1,947 emigrated to the United States and Canada from Newry in 1847: many more travelled to Liverpool and from there onwards to North America or Australia. Poster advertising the sailing of the Lady Caroline from Warrenpoint to New Brunswick, Canada, 1847 Local merchants such as Francis Carvill, based in Newry, acted as emigration agents for those able to escape the effects of the famine. The Lady Caroline arrived at St. John, New Brunswick on Friday 23rd July 1847 with 103 passengers. A letter written to the Emigration Office at St. John noted that neither sickness or death occurred on board this vessel during the voyage. Extracts from the Kilmorey Estate rentals Lisdrumliska May 1849 Isaac C. Cowan Grazing of this lot let for for the season. The tenant, after disposing of his crop, abandoned his wife and four children and fled to America. It was supposed another tenant would have offered for the farm and paid the arrears, 48 having been given by Cowan for it, but owing to the depressed state of the times, no one would do so. Rent and arrears lost. Lisdrumgullion May 1850 Samuel Glenny Arrear due by Samuel Glenny lost who in October 1848 went to reside in Liverpool and since became a bankrupt. Ballynacraig November 1851 Arthur Atkinson Arrear lost due by former tenant who has emigrated to Australia.
5 Aftermath The famine left Ireland changed unrecognisably, socially and economically, with the population never again reaching pre-famine levels. No part of Ireland was unscathed. In Ulster, the famine years coincided with the decline of the domestic linen industry and a downturn in the linen trade, leaving many families vulnerable. Census figures for 1851 reveal that the population of Ulster dropped by 340,000 or 15.7%. Locally, the population of the area administered by the Downpatrick Poor Law Union declined by about 14,000 between 1841 and Most of this population loss was due to emigration. In Forkill Civil Parish, south Armagh, the population, in 1841, was 7,805 and, by 1851, this had declined to 5,743. The famine and potato blight began to show signs of waning in , but by then death and emigration had irrevocably changed the social structure of Irish society and the agricultural landscape. Mass evictions had seen families forced from their holdings: cottier and landless labourer classes were decimated and estates burdened by debt were sold. The famine left a legacy of continuous emigration and accelerated the decline of the Irish language. John Mitchel ( ) Courtesy of the Public Record Office of Northern Ireland Thomas Seaver ( ) Courtesy of Armagh County Museum The famine was a key event in John Mitchel s career and his political views were radicalised by worsening conditions suffered by people during the winter of His publications argue that the famine was not primarily a natural disaster but a deliberate attempt to exterminate the Irish peasantry to ensure that Ireland would be easier to govern. His writings have had a deep resonance with Irish Nationalism. Lack of government leadership in dealing with the effects of the famine lead some to call for a repeal of the Act of Union with Britain. A local landlord, Captain Thomas Seaver of Heath Hall, Killeavy, south Armagh, presided at a Repeal meeting held in Newry in March He was also Chairman of the Jonesborough and Killeavy Relief Committee, and died of typhoid fever after visiting Newry Workhouse. Encumbered Estates Rental, 1850 In the years following the famine, large landed estates were often burdened with debt and were sold by the Encumbered Estates Commissions. Title page for the sale of the Ross Estate, Rostrevor, county Down.
The FAMINE DECADE. Contemporary Accounts edited by JOHN KILLEN THE BLACKSTAFF PRESS BELFAST
The FAMINE DECADE Contemporary Accounts 1841-1851 edited by JOHN KILLEN THE BLACKSTAFF PRESS BELFAST CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1841-1844 Census Report, 1841 CENSUS COMMISSIONERS 13 The Potato MRS. s.c. HALL
More informationBritish Landlords. You made sure that you were off in London or Paris so you didn t have to personally witness the suffering in Ireland.
British Landlords You are directly responsible for the terrible famine resulting from the potato blight. You owned the land that the Irish peasants worked. When the potato crop failed, you had a choice:
More informationFamine Trial Indictments
Famine Trial Indictments British Landlords You are directly responsible for the terrible famine resulting from the potato blight. You owned the land that the Irish peasants worked. When the potato crop
More informationThe subject matter of this book is one of the great tragedies in human
BLACK 47 AND BEYOND: THE GREAT IRISH FAMINE IN HISTORY, ECONOMY, AND MEMORY. BY CORMAC Ó GRÁDA. PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1999. The subject matter of this book is one of the great tragedies in human
More informationSAMPLE Group Presentation
SAMPLE Group Presentation What follows is a presentation (with some modifications) created by 3 students in History 146 for the group project called "The Way I See It" in which groups explored a topic
More informationIrish Immigrants By Michael Stahl
Irish Immigrants Irish Immigrants By Michael Stahl Two very famous American comedians have something very interesting in common with two American presidents. Stephen Colbert and Conan O Brien, who, as
More informationThe Great Depression:
Name: Group: The Great Depression: 1929-1939 Causes of the Great Depression The Roaring Twenties came to a sudden end on October 24, 1929, when the New York stock market crashed All the countries in the
More informationStarter task. Why have refugees come to Britain historically? Role play
Starter task Why have refugees come to Britain historically? Role play Imagine you have been told that tomorrow you and your family must leave this country forever. Around the outside of the suitcase draw
More informationChapter 14, Section 1 Immigrants and Urban Challenges
Chapter 14, Section 1 Immigrants and Urban Challenges Pages 438-442 The revolutions in industry, transportation, and technology were not the only major changes in the United States in the mid-1800s. Millions
More informationHISTORY OF QUEBEC AND CANADA. Secondary 4. Based off of Reflections textbook by Chenelière
HISTORY OF QUEBEC AND CANADA Secondary 4 Based off of Reflections textbook by Chenelière GOOD MORNING! HERE S WHAT WE LL BE DOING TODAY Recap of the past few lessons (5 mins) Presentation of new material
More informationImmigration Unit Vocabulary 1. Old Immigrants: Immigrants from Northern European countries.
Immigration Unit Vocabulary 1. Old Immigrants: Immigrants from Northern European countries. 36 2. New Immigrants: Immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe. 3. Steerage: An area near the base/rudder/engine
More informationCHAPTER 1. Isaac Butt and the start of Home Rule, Ireland in the United Kingdom. Nationalists. Unionists
RW_HISTORY_BOOK1 06/07/2007 14:02 Page 1 CHAPTER 1 Isaac Butt and the start of Home Rule, 1870-1879 Ireland in the United Kingdom In 1800, the Act of Union made Ireland part of the United Kingdom of Great
More informationCENTRE FOR ECONOMIC RESEARCH WORKING PAPER SERIES
CENTRE FOR ECONOMIC RESEARCH WORKING PAPER SERIES 2001 On Lord Palmerston and the Irish Famine Emigration by Tyler Anbinder Desmond Norton, University College Dublin WP01/19 September 2001 DEPARTMENT OF
More informationAround the world, one person in seven goes to bed hungry each night. In essence, hunger is the most extreme form of poverty, where individuals or
Hunger Advocate Around the world, one person in seven goes to bed hungry each night. In essence, hunger is the most extreme form of poverty, where individuals or families cannot afford to meet their most
More informationINDUSTRY AND MIGRATION/THE NORTH AND THE SOUTH. pp
INDUSTRY AND MIGRATION/THE NORTH AND THE SOUTH pp 382-405 What drives history? Table Talk: Brainstorm some things that have driven history forward What do these things have in common? What changes have
More informationPotatoes or Politics? The Great Irish Famine
Potatoes or Politics? The Great Irish Famine Mackenzie Laney HIS 2800: Writing in History Dr. White November 16, 2016 Laney 1 The Irish Potato Famine of 1845-1851, also known as the Great Famine, decimated
More informationPre-visit Activity: Background Reading - The Immigration Process
Between 1815 and 1915, approximately 30 million people came to America from Europe. These people are called immigrants. There were many reasons that made them decide to leave Europe during this period.
More informationThe War of British, local militia and First Nations fought together against the invaders and won many key battles.
The War of 1812 Tensions between Britain and the U.S. heated up again. -Britain stopped the Americans form trading with the French. - They kidnapped American sailors and forced them in to service for the
More informationDuring the nineteenth century, many people sought protection against the risks. of poverty and poor health with the aid of their families, friends and
1 During the nineteenth century, many people sought protection against the risks of poverty and poor health with the aid of their families, friends and communities, through charities, and by joining mutual-aid
More informationA Trusteeship for Zimbabwe? Norman Reynolds
A Trusteeship for Zimbabwe? Norman Reynolds The situation in Zimbabwe has become critical. The nation is suffering economic, health and social implosion. After three fraudulent elections, a chaotic land
More informationCanada s early immigration history
Canadian Immigration Introductory notes (from the Issues for Canadians Teacher Guide) Canada s early immigration history Early immigrants The earliest immigrants in the 17th and 18th centuries were the
More informationChapter Introduction Section 1 Immigration Section 2 Urbanization. Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding slides.
Chapter Introduction Section 1 Immigration Section 2 Urbanization Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding slides. Guide to Reading Main Idea After the Civil War, millions of immigrants from Europe
More informationThose who Set the Stage Those concerned with Home Rule (for and against) Carson and the Ulster unionists
3.0 3.1 3.1.4 Those who Set the Stage Those concerned with Home Rule (for and against) Carson and the Ulster unionists Carson and the Ulster unionists contributed to the Rising by returning the threat
More information1: Population* and urbanisation for want of more hands
1: Population* and urbanisation for want of more hands *Remember that the study of population is called Demographics By 1900 there were nearly five times as many people in Britain as there were in 1750.
More informationSOCIAL IMPACT OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
SOCIAL IMPACT OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION I REPLACED THE TRADITION HIERACHRY WITH A NEW SOCIAL ORDER II THE GOLDEN AGE OF THE MIDDLE CLASS. 1. A new class of factory owners emerged in this period: the
More informationChapter 1 Population & Settlement
Chapter 1 Population & Settlement Chapter 1 Population & Settlement Section 3: British Rule / British Regime (1760-1867) The 7 Year War & the Conquest In 1760, the British took control of what was New
More informationCauses of the Great Depression: (Notes 1 of 5)
CHAPTER 4 The 1930s: A Decade of Despair Timeframe: 1930-1939 Guiding Question: What were the causes, effects, and responses to the Great Depression? Causes of the Great Depression: (Notes 1 of 5) 1. :
More informationKEYPOINT REVISION: MIGRATION & EMPIRE KEY POINTS FOR LEARNING
IRELAND: POVERTY AND MIGRATION KP1 Why did Irish Catholics suffer from poverty in 1830? Describe the living standards of small farmers and labourers in Ireland. What was the cause of the Irish famine of
More informationCOUNTRY PLAN THE UK GOVERNMENT S PROGRAMME OF WORK TO FIGHT POVERTY IN RWANDA DEVELOPMENT IN RWANDA
THE UK GOVERNMENT S PROGRAMME OF WORK TO FIGHT POVERTY IN THE UK GOVERNMENT S PROGRAMME OF WORK TO FIGHT POVERTY IN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 CONTENTS WHAT IS DEVELOPMENT? WHY IS THE UK GOVERNMENT INVOLVED? WHAT
More informationChapter 1: The Formation of the Canadian Federal System In class activity- Document Analysis questions for notes 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, and 1.
Name: Group: 404- Date: Chapter 1: The Formation of the Canadian Federal System In class activity- Document Analysis questions for notes 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, and 1.9 Task: IF NEEDED, use your class notes, s
More informationFAMINE IN COUNTY DOWN Investigating the Impact of the Great Irish Famine on County Down
FAMINE IN COUNTY DOWN Investigating the Impact of the Great Irish Famine on County Down A Resource & Activity Pack for Key Stage Two Pupils Investigating the impact of the Great Irish Famine on County
More information4/3/2016. Emigrant vs. Immigrant. Civil Rights & Immigration in America. Colonialism to Present. Early Civil Rights Issues
Civil Rights & Immigration in America Colonialism to Present Emigrant vs. Immigrant An emigrant leaves his or her land to live in another country. The person is emigrating to another country. An immigrant
More informationIMMIGRATION AND URBANIZATION
IMMIGRATION AND URBANIZATION New Immigrants New Immigrants= Southern and Eastern Europeans during 1870s until WWI. Came from Ireland, Germany, Italy, Greece, Poland, Hungary and Russia. Often unskilled,
More informationHow the People Were Governed. Grade 8 Social Studies Unit II - Chapter 4
How the People Were Governed Grade 8 Social Studies Unit II - Chapter 4 Introduction Who is the current premier of Newfoundland and Labrador? To which political party does he belong? What do you know about
More informationCFE HIGHER GEOGRAPHY: POPULATION MIGRATION
CFE HIGHER GEOGRAPHY: POPULATION MIGRATION A controversial issue! What are your thoughts? WHAT IS MIGRATION? Migration is a movement of people from one place to another Emigrant is a person who leaves
More informationIrish Emigration Patterns and Citizens Abroad
Irish Emigration Patterns and Citizens Abroad A diaspora of 70 million 1. It is important to recall from the outset that the oft-quoted figure of 70 million does not purport to be the number of Irish emigrants,
More informationTEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Articles of Confederation. Essential Question:
Articles of Confederation Essential Question: Why was the central government s power too weak under the Articles of Confederation? Objectives Discuss the ideas that guided the new state governments. Describe
More informationThe Great Depression
The Great Depression Causes of the Great Depression Black Tuesday October 29, 1929 The stock market crashes Changing Economy Shift from industrial production (iron, steel, oil, coal) to mass manufacturing
More informationAim: Who is to blame for the Irish Potato Famine? Word Bank: calamity - disaster; murmur - whisper; palliate -relieve; afflictions - illnesses.
Aim: Who is to blame for the Irish Potato Famine? Do Now: Word Bank: calamity - disaster; murmur - whisper; palliate -relieve; afflictions - illnesses. Who is to Blame? The people have made up their minds
More informationIMMIGRATION AND URBANIZATION
IMMIGRATION AND URBANIZATION Push Factors Push Factors= Things that force/ push people out of a place or land. Drought or famine Political revolutions or wars Religious persecution Economic struggles Pull
More informationAddressing Controversial Historical Issues through the study of the Great Irish Famine by Maureen Murphy, Maureen McCann Miletta and Alan Singer
Addressing Controversial Historical Issues through the study of the Great Irish Famine by Maureen Murphy, Maureen McCann Miletta and Alan Singer Studying about the Great Irish Famine provides teachers
More informationChapter : The Formation of the Canadian Federal System Section 9: Migrations
Chapter 1 1840-1896: The Formation of the Canadian Federal System Section 9: Migrations Pages that correspond to this presentation Rural Exodus in the Late 19 th Century: Page 68 Emigration to the United
More informationHow world events affected Australian immigration.
How world events affected Australian immigration. The scattering of a population from its traditional homeland, usually due to involuntary (forced or impelled) migration A war between organized groups
More informationThe Labour Government in Westminster and Northern Ireland
The IRA In the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s the IRA were not very strong or active in Northern Ireland During World War II, both the Northern Ireland and Irish Free State governments interned IRA members (imprisoned
More informationChapter 2 Economy & Development
Chapter 2 Economy & Development Chapter 2 Economy & Development Section 4: The Contemporary Period (1867-PRESENT) Part 3: 2 nd Phase of industrialization & the Great Depression 2 nd Phase of Industrialization
More informationPre-visit Activity: Background Reading - The Immigration Process
Ellis Island Pre-visit Activity: Background Reading - The Immigration Process Between 1815 and 1915, approximately 30 million European immigrants arrived in the United States. There were many social, political,
More informationWhat were the main Social and Economic changes in
What were the main Social and Economic changes in NI 1943-1969? The period of 1943-1969 in NI was a time of great social and economic unrest. Tensions between Catholics and Protestants penetrated almost
More informationTaken from the Port City: gallery within the Museum s flagship exhibition, New York At Its Core.
TEACHER GUIDE 1.) Talking Points for Historic Context Taken from the Port City: 1609-1898 gallery within the Museum s flagship exhibition, New York At Its Core. Immigrants from Europe transformed New York
More informationCurrently, four main factors tend to aggravate the problem of squatting in Jamaica:
A paper to be presented at a Conference organized by UNESCO Office for Latin America and the Caribbean, Santiago, Chile Gran Andes Hall of the Mercure Hotel Santiago Centro, Santiago, Chile. October 23-24
More informationNeighbourly Love? Jack Taylor. 72 What Difference Does Writing Make?
Jack Taylor BANDA ACEH: A 10-metre wave of unimaginable force tore through much of South-East Asia on Boxing Day 2004, devastating the region. Zainal Abidin was a poor fisherman who tended ponds off the
More informationChapter 10: America s Economic Revolution
Chapter 10: America s Economic Revolution Lev_19:34 But the stranger that dwelleth with you shall be unto you as one born among you, and thou shalt love him as thyself; for ye were strangers in the land
More informationThe Beginnings of Industrialization
Name CHAPTER 25 Section 1 (pages 717 722) The Beginnings of BEFORE YOU READ In the last section, you read about romanticism and realism in the arts. In this section, you will read about the beginning of
More informationChapter 10, Section 1 (Pages ) Economic Growth
Chapter 10, Section 1 (Pages 304 309) Economic Growth Essential Question What effects did the Industrial Revolution have on the U. S. economy? Directions: As you read, complete a graphic organizer like
More informationHuman Rights Education at the Dawn of the 21st Century by Dennis N. Banks 2(2)
Human Rights Education at the Dawn of the 21st Century by Dennis N. Banks 2(2) What is human rights education (HRE)? What actually are human rights? Human rights have been defined as generally accepted
More informationRobert W. Smith. Publisher Mary D. Smith, M.S. Ed. Author ISBN: Teacher Created Resources Made in U.S.A.
Editor Erica N. Russikoff, M.A. Illustrator Clint McKnight Editor in Chief Karen J. Goldfluss, M.S. Ed. Cover Artist Brenda DiAntonis Art Coordinator Renée Mc Elwee Imaging Leonard P. Swierski Publisher
More informationCh. 15: The Industrial Revolution
Ch. 15: The Industrial Revolution I. Understanding Economics a. The Three Economic Questions i. People have unlimited wants, but limited resources. ii. 3 basic questions: 1. What should be produced? 2.
More informationSomeone, somehow, somewhere must strike the first blow for Ireland.
James Fintan Lalor Someone, somehow, somewhere must strike the first blow for Ireland. James Fintan Lalor was born on the 10th March 1807 at Tenakill, Raheen Co Laois the eldest son of twelve children
More informationE & D- Contemporary Period Notes: Part 3
Name: Group: 406- Date: E & D- Contemporary Period Notes: Part 3 Chapter 2 Economy & Development Section 2: The Contemporary Period (1867-PRESENT) Part 3: Phase 2 of industrialization & the Great Depression
More informationREPUBLIC OF MONTENEGRO GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF MONTENEGRO MINISTRY OF INTERIOR LAW ON THE STATE BORDER SURVEILLANCE. Podgorica, July 2005.
REPUBLIC OF MONTENEGRO GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF MONTENEGRO MINISTRY OF INTERIOR LAW ON THE STATE BORDER SURVEILLANCE Podgorica, July 2005. The S A R Z A D J Z O N A K ON THE STATE BORDER SURVEILLANCE
More informationHow did ordinary Americans endure the hardships of the Great Depression?
Chapter 32 Essential Question How did ordinary Americans endure the hardships of the Great Depression? 32.1 As Lorena Hickok traveled through 32 states, she regularly penned letters to Harry Hopkins and
More informationLaw on Catering and Tourism Activity. (Published in "Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia" No. 23/95) I. GENERAL PROVISIONS
Law on Catering and Tourism Activity (Published in "Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia" No. 23/95) I. GENERAL PROVISIONS Article 1 This Law shall define the terms and manner for performing catering
More informationHow to take control of your community and keep it!
How to take control of your community and keep it! Dr Colin Stuhlfelder Senior Lecturer in the Built Environment Glyndŵr University, Wales, United Kingdom How to take control of your community and keep
More informationVOLUME 19 ISSUE 1 Published semi-annually for the donors and supporters of World Hope International RESTORING OPPORTUNITY, DIGNITY, AND HOPE
VOLUME 19 ISSUE 1 Published semi-annually for the donors and supporters of World Hope International RESTORING OPPORTUNITY, DIGNITY, AND HOPE WORLD HOPE INTERNATIONAL AT WORK Statistic source: WHO Alleviating
More informationBritish Library Newspapers: Parts III V in Focus
British Library Newspapers: Parts III V in Focus Introduction British Library Newspapers is the most comprehensive digital collection of national and regional newspapers from across the UK, making it a
More informationBibliography. Primary Works Cited. Cork Examiner Nov.2007 <
Bibliography Primary Works Cited Cork Examiner 1847. 23 Nov.2007 < http://adminstaff.vassar.edu/sttaylor/famine/examiner>. This website had lists of articles from the Cork Examiner covering the famine.
More informationSix months into the floods
144 Oxfam Briefing Paper - Summary 26 January 2011 Six months into the floods Resetting Pakistan s priorities through reconstruction www.oxfam.org A farmer from Thatta standing in her flooded field. Copyright:
More informationImmigration: The Great Push/Pull. Terms to consider. Period of Immigration (cont.) Diversity Discrimination Racism Melting Pot (?
Immigration: The Great Push/Pull What do you see? What is the artist trying to say in this picture? Terms to consider Period of Immigration 1820-1924 Diversity Discrimination Racism Melting Pot (?) Civil
More informationThe Start of the Industrial Revolution
The Start of the Industrial Revolution I. Agricultural Revolution A. Industrial Revolution changed Europe from a mostly agricultural economy to industrialization- work driven by machinery B. Improved Farm
More informationReconstruction
Reconstruction 1864-1877 The South after the War Property losses The value of farms and plantations declined steeply and suffered from neglect and loss of workers. The South s transportation network was
More informationNote Taking Study Guide DAWN OF THE INDUSTRIAL AGE
SECTION 1 DAWN OF THE INDUSTRIAL AGE Focus Question: What events helped bring about the Industrial Revolution? As you read this section in your textbook, complete the following flowchart to list multiple
More informationAS HISTORY. Paper 1G Challenge and Transformation: Britain, c Mark scheme
AS HISTORY Paper 1G Challenge and Transformation: Britain, c1851 1914 Mark scheme Mark schemes are prepared by the Lead Assessment Writer and considered, together with the relevant questions, by a panel
More informationCAUSES OF REVOLUTION
CAUSES OF REVOLUTION The reasons for revolution can be complex and varied, but we can narrow the causes of revolution into 4 general categories. Revolutions happen due to: New Ideas Social Conflict Political
More informationResidential Schools 1
1 Residential Schools Big Ideas During this period predominant attitudes towards women and towards immigrants, First Nations, Metis, Inuit and other minority groups affected the development of Canadian
More information5.1 Prosperity in the 1920 s
Social Studies 9 Chapter 5 : Prosperity and Depression 5.1 Prosperity in the 1920 s During the Great War, Canada s industries were focused on wartime goods which drove up the cost of everyday goods. Returning
More informationMalthus, Classical Political Economy, and the Causes of the Great Famine by Lawrence Frohman
Malthus, Classical Political Economy, and the Causes of the Great Famine by Lawrence Frohman English attitudes towards Ireland and their strategies for solving the economic and social problems of the Irish
More informationName: 8 th Grade U.S. History. STAAR Review. Colonization
Name: _ 8 th Grade U.S. History STAAR Review Colonization FORT BURROWS 2018 Name: _ VOCABULARY Agriculture - Farming, raising crops and livestock. Assembly a group of people who make and change laws for
More informationFood Crisis in the Horn of Africa: CARE Emergency Fund Seeks $48 million
More than 1,500 refugees at least 80 percent of them children are arriving at refugee camps in Kenya daily as a result of a widespread food crisis. Food Crisis in the Horn of Africa: CARE Emergency Fund
More informationSocial Studies Content Expectations
The fifth grade social studies content expectations mark a departure from the social studies approach taken in previous grades. Building upon the geography, civics and government, and economics concepts
More informationThe Industrial Revolution Begins ( )
Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. Chapter 20, Section World History: Connection to Today Chapter 20 The Industrial Revolution
More informationSS7CG2 The student will explain the structures of the modern governments of Africa.
Chapter 6 SS7CG2 The student will explain the structures of the modern governments of Africa. a. Compare the republican systems of government in the Republic of Kenya and the Republic of South Africa,
More informationFACTSHEET HAITI TWO YEARS ON
HAITI TWO YEARS ON European Commission s actions to help rebuild the country January 2012 Table of contents 1 EU assistance in brief 3 2 European Commission s humanitarian assistance to Haiti.4 1. Addressing
More informationImmigrant Passengers First View of the Statue of Liberty
Immigrant Passengers First View of the Statue of Liberty Immigrants to America Nearly fifty million people have come to America. Within three Significant periods: 1. Pre-1820. An estimated 650,000 individuals
More informationHistory- Confederation Review. The Great Migration
History- Confederation Review The Great Migration This contributed to the diversity in Canada s makeup. Many Irish came over as a result of the Potato famine, and these people were Protestants. This conflicted
More informationThe Market Revolution:
The Market Revolution: By midcentury (1850s), capital and technology were converting enough central workshops into mechanized factories to convert the market revolution into a staggeringly productive industrial
More informationTopic 3: The Rise and Rule of Single-Party States
Topic 3: The Rise and Rule of Single-Party States Packet: White Swans by Jung Chang Major Theme: Origins and Nature of Authoritarian and Single-Party States Conditions That Produced Single-Party States
More informationTable of Contents How to Use This Product... 3 Introduction to Primary Sources... 5 Using Primary Sources... 15
Table of Contents How to Use This Product........... 3 Introduction to Primary Sources..... 5 Using Primary Sources........... 15 Photographs Statue of Liberty..................15 16 What a Lady!.....................15
More informationCanadians as Global Citizens Unit 4
Canadians as Global Citizens Unit 4 Interconnections: From Local to Global We are connected to other people and places in a number of ways "A Global Morning" p.385 Global Village - the concept that people
More informationCONVICT VOYAGES LEARNING RESOURCE: BERMUDA
CONVICT VOYAGES LEARNING RESOURCE: BERMUDA TEACHERS NOTES Overview and summary Convict transportation was an extensive practice that many nations, empires and colonies used as a form of punishment for
More informationStation #1 - German Immigrants. Station #1 - German Immigrants
Station #1 - German Immigrants Guten tag! We re the Weissbeck farming family from Germany. We came to America a few years ago. Here s how our life is going now. Most of the German immigrants who came to
More informationIMMIGRANTS IN AMERICA
IMMIGRANTS IN AMERICA 1820-1930 Millions of immigrants moved to the United States in the late 1800 s & early 1900 s. IMMIGRATION The act of coming into a new country in order to settle there EMIGRANT
More informationChapter Inquiry- How did the massive immigration to Canada near the turn of the century affect the complex identity of our country?
Chapter 11- Encouraging Immigration Chapter Inquiry- How did the massive immigration to Canada near the turn of the century affect the complex identity of our country? A. Vocabulary 1.Communal lifestyle
More informationImmigration and Urbanization ( ) Chapter 10 P
Immigration and Urbanization (1865-1914) Chapter 10 P331-353 Immigration By 1900, eastern and southern Europeans made up more than half of all immigrants. Of the 14 million immigrants who arrived between
More informationThe Irish Hunger and its Alignments with the 1948 Genocide Convention
Portland State University PDXScholar Young Historians Conference Young Historians Conference 2015 Apr 28th, 10:30 AM - 11:45 AM The Irish Hunger and its Alignments with the 1948 Genocide Convention Larissa
More informationIndustrial Revolution
Chapter 9 Economic Transformation Industrial Revolution Division of Labor Industry in America 1790 1820 aided by transportation Industrial Revolution outwork system work done outside of shop modern factory
More informationby James Edgar
Edgar Events Researching and sharing Edgar family history No. 77, June 2013 DNA Update by James Edgar (james@jamesedgar.ca) We have four tests outstanding: Larry Edgar of Barrie, Ontario; Doug Edgar, of
More information#1 INDUSTRIALIZATION
#1 INDUSTRIALIZATION Industrialization the shift from an agricultural economy to one based on production and manufacturing completely changed the northern and western economy between 1820 and 1860. For
More informationAFGHANISTAN PROGRAMME PLAN Concern s programme areas in Afghanistan are in Takhar and Badakshan provinces.
AFGHANISTAN PROGRAMME PLAN 2012 1. Introduction Concern s programme areas in Afghanistan are in Takhar and Badakshan provinces. Overall the number of direct beneficiaries of the country programme will
More informationHas Globalization Helped or Hindered Economic Development? (EA)
Has Globalization Helped or Hindered Economic Development? (EA) Most economists believe that globalization contributes to economic development by increasing trade and investment across borders. Economic
More informationHunger on Trial An Activity on the Irish Potato Famine and Its Meaning for Today
Hunger on Trial An Activity on the Irish Potato Famine and Its Meaning for Today BY BILL BIGELOW SOMEWHERE BACK IN SCHOOL I learned about the 19th-century Irish Potato Famine: More than a million people
More informationHungry for change- Frequently Asked Questions
Hungry for change- Frequently Asked Questions Q Global hunger is a huge problem, how can CAFOD hope to solve it with one campaign? A On one level, the food system s complex, a deadly mix of different factors
More information