190 About the Authors

Transcription

1 About the Authors Jay S. Albanese is a professor and criminologist in the Wilder School of Government and Public Affairs at Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU). He earned the B.A. degree from Niagara University, and M.A. and Ph.D. from Rutgers University School of Criminal Justice. He served as Chief of the International Center at the National Institute of Justice (NIJ), the research arm of the U.S. Department of Justice, from , while on loan from VCU. In this capacity, he was responsible for development of transnational crime and justice research projects, and coordination with the United Nations efforts in these areas. Dr. Albanese has written and edited 15 books, 60 articles and book chapters, and has made presentations in 13 countries. Recent books include: Organized Crime in Our Times (Elsevier, 6th ed., 2011), Transnational Crime and the twenty-first Century (Oxford University Press, 2011), and Professional Ethics in Criminal Justice: Being Ethical When No One is Looking (Prentice Hall, 3rd ed., 2012). Dr. Albanese is the recipient of the Elske Smith Distinguished Lecturer Award from Virginia Commonwealth University, the Scholar Award in Criminal Justice from the Virginia Social Science Association, and the Gerhard Mueller Award from the International Section of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences for contributions to international and comparative criminal justice. He has served as Executive Director of the International Association for the Study of Organized Crime, president of the White Collar Crime Research Consortium, and is a past president and fellow of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences (ACJS). Luis Astorga earned his Ph.D. in Sociology from the University of Paris I. He is a researcher at the Institute of Social Research of the National Autonomous University of Mexico; coordinator of the UNESCO Chair Economic and social transformations connected with the international drug problem ; member of the National System of Researchers (SNI) and the Mexican Academy of Sciences (AMC); author of: Seguridad, traficantes y militares (Security, drug traffickers and the military), México, Tusquets, 2007; Drogas sin fronteras (Drugs without D. Siegel and H. van de Bunt (eds.), Traditional Organized Crime in the Modern World, Studies of Organized Crime 11, DOI: / , Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York

2 190 About the Authors borders), México, Grijalbo, 2003; El siglo de las drogas (The drugs century), México, Plaza y Janés, 2005 (Espasa-Calpe, 1996); and Mitología del narcotraficante en México (Drug trafficker s mythology in Mexico), México, UNAM/Plaza y Valdés, He has also published chapters in books, and articles about drug trafficking in México in scientific journals from Mexico, The United States of America, Colombia, France, Italy, India, Great Britain, and Belgium. Dr. Obi N. I. Ebbe is a professor of Criminology and Sociology at the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga. He holds G.C.E. Advanced Level and Ordinary Level from the University of London. He is a graduate of Western Michigan University and received a Ph.D. in Sociology from Southern Illinois University at Carbondale in Dr. Ebbe has published numerous articles in refereed academic journals. He has published six books including Comparative and International Criminal Justice Systems: Policing, Judiciary, and Corrections, Second edition (Butterworth/ Heinemann Publishers, 2000), Global Trafficking in Women and Children (ed.), Taylor & Francis Group (2007), Criminal Abuse of Women and Children: International Pespective (ed.), Taylor & Francis Group (2009), and Broken Back Axle: Unspeakable Events in Biafra, Xlibris Publishing House. Professor Ebbe is a recognized expert in political criminology and international criminal justice systems. He is a certified member of Oxford Round Table, University of Oxford, England. He is a consultant of the International Scientific and Professional Advisory Council (ISPAC) of the United Nations Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Programmes. He was on the Editorial Review Board of The Encyclopedia of Crime and Punishment of the Berkshire Publishing Group. Mark Galeotti is a professor of Global Affairs and Academic Chair of the SCPS Center for Global Affairs at New York University. A specialist in transnational organized crime, security affairs and modern Russia, he was educated at Cambridge University and the LSE. He has worked across the policy/scholarship divide, consulting for NATO, the US Department of Defense and the FBI and spending time attached to the British Foreign Office advising on Russian security affairs. He has 12 monographs and edited collections to his name, including Turkish Organized Crime, in F Shanty (ed), Organized Crime: an international encyclopaedia (Santa Barbara, CA, ABC-CLIO, 2007), and Turkish organized crime: where state, crime and rebellion conspire, in: Transnational Organized Crime 4 (2000) and the most recent he Politics of Russian Security (Ashgate, 2010) and is working on a survey of organized crime throughout history and a detailed study of Russian security forces. Sharon Ingrid Kwok graduated with a Master of Science in Criminal Justice Policy from the London School of Economics and Political Science in Being a PhD candidate at City University Hong Kong, she is now conducting research in triad society and Chinese organized crime. She has been lecturing criminology and criminal justice in the Community College of City University since 2005 and serving as the Managing Editor of Crime and Criminal Justice International based

3 About the Authors 191 at the National Taipei University. Her recent publication is Workplace Violence in Hong Kong, China: Nature, Impact, and Preparedness, published in the International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. Ernesto U. Savona is a professor of Criminology at Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore in Milan since 2003 and Director of TRANSCRIME, Joint Research Centre on Transnational Crime. Since 2003 he is editor-in-chief of the European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, published by Springer. He was also nominated President of the European Society of Criminology for the years For the term he is chair of the Global Agenda Council on Organized Crime of the World Economic Forum. Author of many books and articles on organized and economic crime he is a speaker at many international conferences. Francisco Thoumi holds a B.A. from Universidad de Los Andes in Bogotá and a Ph. D. in Economics from the University of Minnesota. He is an independent scholar and a coeditor of Razón Pública, a weekly virtual critical thinking magazine on Colombian issues. Mr. Thoumi has been a university professor in Colombia and in the United States and has worked for the World Bank, the Interamerican Development Bank, and the United Nations Offcie of Drugs and Crime. He is also a member of the Colombian Economics Academy. His main research has been on the illegal cocaine industry and he is the author of the following books on illegal drugs: Illegal Drugs, Economy and Sociery in the Andes, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, 2003; El Imperio de la Droga: Narcotráfico, Economía y Sociedad en los Andes, IEPRI and Editorial Planeta, 2002; Las Drogas: una Guerra Fallida. Visiones Críticas, with A. Camacho y A. López, Bogotá: Tercer Mundo Editores IEPRI 1999; Political Economy and Illegal Drugs in Colombia, Lynne Rienner, 1995 (Spanish version: Economía Política y Narcotráfico, Tercer Mundo Editores, 1994). Editor of: Drugs, Crime and Armed Conflict in Colombia, Journal of Drug Issues, Winter, 2005; El Rompecabezas de las Drogas Ilegales en Estados Unidos: Una visión ecléctica with A. Guáqueta, Ediciones Uniandes, 1997; and Drogas Ilícitas en Colombia: su Impacto Económico, Político y Social, Dirección Nacional de Estupefacientes and UNDP, Bogotá: Editorial Planeta, Mr. Thoumi is also the autor and coauthor of three other books and of 110 academic journal articles and book chapters over 60 of which are on illegal drug issues. His non drug-related publications have been on international trade, economic integration, and industrialization in Latin America and the Caribbean. Mr. Thoumi has had research and applied economics experience in Colombia, Ecuador, Afghanistan, The Netherlands, Panama, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Trinidad and Tobago, Peru, Bolivia, Venezuela, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Zambia, Pakistan, Zimbabwe, Costa Rica, Australia, Mongolia, the Andean Group, and the Central American Common Market.

4 192 About the Authors T. Wing Lo is a professor of Criminology at City University of Hong Kong, China. He graduated with an M.Phil. in Criminology from Hull in 1984 and a Ph.D. in Criminology from Cambridge in Employed as a street gang worker for 17 years, he had worked with members of triad society on street corners and testified in court in triad-related criminal cases. In 2010, he served as a Visiting Fellow in the ARC Centre of Excellence in Policing and Security based at Australian National University and Griffith University. His recent publications include: Beyond Social Capital: Triad Organized Crime in Hong Kong and China in British Journal of Criminology and Resistance to the Mainlandization of Criminal Justice Practices: A Barrier to the Development of Restorative Justice in Hong Kong in International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. Sheldon X. Zhang currently serves as the chair of the Sociology Department at San Diego State University. His research interests include community corrections and reintegration, and transnational human smuggling/trafficking activities. His publications appeared in journals such as Criminology, British Journal of Criminology, and Crime and Delinquency. He also published two books on human smuggling-related topics: Chinese Human Smuggling Organizations Families, Social Networks, and Cultural Imperatives (Stanford University Press, 2008) and Smuggling and Trafficking in Human Beings: All Roads Lead to America (Praeger, 2007). His most recent publication was a co-edited volume with Cindy J. Smith and Rosemary Barberet International Handbook of Criminology (Routledge).

5 About the Editors Dina Siegel Ph.D., is a professor of Criminology at Utrecht University in the Netherlands. She received her Ph.D. in Cultural Anthropology from the VU University, Amsterdam. She is a president of IASOC and a member of the scientific board of CIROC. She has published on the Russian mafia, human trafficking, crime in the diamond sector, XTC industry, underground banking, and the role of women in criminal organizations. Her most recent publications include: The mazzel ritual: Customs, culture and crime in diamond trade (2009) and Organized crime: culture, markets and policies (with H. Nelen) (2008). Henk van de Bunt graduated in Law and Sociology. He is a professor of Criminology at the Erasmus University Rotterdam. He was director of the Research and Documentation Center (WODC) of the Ministry of Justice ( ) and professor of criminology at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam ( ). His fields of interest are organized crime, corporate crime, and the administration of criminal justice. He is one of the founders of the Centre for Information and Research on Organized Crime (CIROC) in The Netherlands. His recent publications include a.o. Van de Bunt and Kleemans (2007): Organised Crime in the Netherlands; the social organization of cannabis production (with Spapens and Rastovac 2007). D. Siegel and H. van de Bunt (eds.), Traditional Organized Crime in the Modern World, Studies of Organized Crime 11, DOI: / , Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York

6 Index 419 (Four-One-Nine), 181 A Aburi Accord, 173 Afghanistan, 35, 38, 56, 60 D DEA: Drug Enforcement Administration, 136, 151, 156, 157, 160 Deep State, 49, 53, 54 DFS: Federal Security Directorate, 156 Disorganization, 84, 187 B Baba, 51, 52, 55 Baybasin, Brotherhood, 33, 37, 68, 74, Bulgaria, 56, 62 E ENA: National Survey on Addictions, 159 Entrepreneurship, 83, 86 Europol, 53, 58, C China, 11, 12, 67, 68, 70 72, 76 83, 86, 87, 109, 111, , 125, 179, 181 Chinatown tongs, 118 Chinese organized crime, 110, 114, 116, 118 Clan, 38, 51 54, 59, 63 CONAGO: National Governors Conference, 156 Corruption, 9, 10, 22, 55, 73, 77, 100, 103, 133, 155, 177 CosaNostra, 3, 5, 21, Coup d état, 173 Criminal Enterprises, 43, 75, 104, 109, 119, 122, 123, 125, 172 Cross-border crime, 67, 71, 86 F Financial crime, 82, 157, 186 G Gambling, 9, 11, 29, 39, 43, 59, 70, 75, 82, 93, 94, 104, , 117, 123, 140 Generational shift, 92, 102, 103, 106 Ghost Contractors, 181, 184 H Hausa-Fulani Muslim, 169 Heroin, 38 40, 49, 51 53, 56 60, 62, 79 81, , 136, 138, 142, 158 D. Siegel and H. van de Bunt (eds.), Traditional Organized Crime in the Modern World, Studies of Organized Crime 11, DOI: / , Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York

7 196 Index I Igbo, , 177 Iran, 54, 56 58, 60, 62 Italy, 3 6, 11, 14, 16, 50, 56, 95, 98, 181, 183 K Kabadayi, 50 Kidnapping for Ransom, 181, 183 Koruculari (Village Guards), 54 Kurdish Workers Party (PKK), 51, 53, 57, 62 Kurds, 38, 49, 52, 54 M Mafia, 3 5, 9, 23, 27, 34, 37, 39, 40, 41 46, 50, 56, 93 96, 98, 99, 110, 112, 115, 144, 163, 164, 169, 171, 174, 180 Mainlandization, 67, 68, N National cake, 169, 172, 174, 176, 177 Netherlands, 40, 51 53, 58, 60, 78, 79, 119 Nigerian civil war, 173, 176, 182 O Ogboni, 178 ONDCP: White House Office of National Drug Control Policy, 152, 157 Organized and Serious Crime Ordinance, 74 Organized crime, 3, 4, 6, 9, 11 15, 21, 22, 39 45, 68, 69, 74, 75, , , P PAN: National Action Party, 57, 155, 156, 161, 162 Patriotic triad, 72, 82, 86 People trafficking, 61 PF: Federal Police, 58 PGR: Attorney General s Office, 150, 162, 156 PJF: Federal Judicial Police, 156 PKK: Kurdistan Workers Party, 51 55, 57, 62 PRD: Party of the Democratic Revolution, 151, 161, 162 PRI: Institutional Revolutionary Party, 142, 143, 155, 156, 161, 162 Prosecution, 10, 73 75, 86, 93, 94, 97 99, 104, 105, 140 Prostitution umbrella, 73, 83 PVEM: Green Party of Mexico, 155, 161 R Racketeering, 7, 15, 50, 51, 54, 93, 94, 98, 99, 101, 105, 117, 118, 123, 125, 170 RAE: Dictionary of the Royal Spanish Academy, 151 Regulation, 16, 87, 152 Renunciation, 73 Republic of Biafra, 173 Revolutionary Guard, 58 Risk, 7, 9, 15, 16, 18, 21, 41, 73, 75, 77, 80, 83, 86, 101, 104, 121, 122, 124, 141, 153 Rule of law, 71, 77, 78, 133, 144, 146, 173, 174 Russia, 27, 32, 34, 36 40, 42, 46, 56, 58, 60, 62 S SEDENA: Ministry of National Defence, 152, 153, 159 Susurluk incident, 155 T Territory, 3, 4, 7, 8, 11, 13, 15 18, 20, 21, 30, 34, 39, 45, 54, 57, 59, 69, 80, 102, 125, 133, 138, 139, 143, 180 Terrorism, 38, 93, 99, 100, 102, 135, 150, 171 Tongs, 109, 100, , 125 Triad society, 67 69, 73 76, 84, 85 Turkey, 38, 41, 50, Turkish organized crime, 49, 51, 52, 58, 59, 63 U Untouchable Sorcery Society, 178 V Valachi, Joseph, 5, W WDR: UN World Drug Report, 158 Wealth-Oriented Secret Society, 177, 178, 183 Y Yoruba, 172, 173, 178