Study Guides. Gilded Age

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1 Study Guides Review all handouts, notes, and your KTP. Complete study guides ON A SEPARATE SHEET OF PAPER to prepare for your exam. Handwritten study guides can be turned in for extra credit onto your exam grade. Gilded Age Know the goals of the following groups: 1. Knights of Labor 2. American Federation of Labor 3. Native American Indians 4. Business owners Be able to answer or identify the significance of the following: 5. political machines 6. After 1880, where did the majority of New Immigrants to the United States come from? 7. Angel Island 8. Bessemer Process 9. Chisholm Trail 10. Ellis Island 11. grandfather clauses 12. Great Plains 13. Henry Ford 14. Homestead Act (1862) 15. How did completion of the Erie Canal in 1825 affect United States commerce? 16. How did the Mexican vaquero influence the American cowboy? 17. How did the passage of the Dawes Act affect Native American Indians? 18. Hull House 19. In the case of Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court ruled that. 20. In the late 1800s, what factors directly contributed to the growth of the American steel industry? 21. In the late 1800s, what were the effects of rapid industrial development? 22. In the late 1800s, why did Congress pass restrictions on immigration from China? 23. Jacob Riis 24. literacy tests 25. melting pot theory 26. nativists 27. Pendleton Civil Service Act 28. Poll taxes 29. Sherman Antitrust Act (1890) 30. Standard Oil Company 31. Tammany Hall 32. tenement 33. The Grange 34. The Interstate Commerce Act (1887) 35. Transcontinental Railroad 36. What did industrial consolidation and trusts reduce during the late 1800s? 37. What is the goal of a high protective tariff (tax on imports) passed by Congress? 38. What made it possible to construct skyscrapers in the 1800s? 39. What resulted from the investigation of the Triangle Shirtwaist fire? 40. What three things were central to the life and culture of the Plains Indians in the 41. What was a successful example of Americanization?

2 42. What was an important benefit of the laissez-faire policies of the federal government in the late nineteenth century? 43. Which factor helped farmers on the Great Plains overcome opposition from cattle ranchers? 44. Which groups were supporters of the Populist Party? 45. Who expressed the belief that racism would end as blacks acquired practical work skills and proved their economic value to society? 46. Why did William McKinley win the election of 1896? 47. Why were many of the business trusts created in the late 1800s eventually declared illegal? 48. What factors encouraged American economic growth in the decades after the Civil War? 49. What was life and work like for workers in the new industrial America? 50. Could workers have improved their working conditions without organizing labor unions? Why or why not? 51. How did industrialization bring both positive and negative changes? 52. What economic, social, and political changes did urbanization bring to American cities? 53. What were the experiences of immigrants in the late nineteenth century? 54. What factors contributed to the settlement of the Great Plains and the American West? 55. How did farmers respond to the problems they faced in the late 19th century? Progressive Era "bully pulpit" muckrakers 16th Amendment 17th Amendment 18th Amendment 19th Amendment Effects of third parties Environmental Conservationism Established in 1913, what organization controls the nation's money supply and the availability of credit in the country? Federal Reserve Act Florence Kelley Food and Drug Administration Goals of the Progressive Movement Goals of the Seneca Falls Convention (1848) Ida B. Wells Ida Tarbell Initiative Interstate Commerce Commission Jacob Riis Margaret Sanger Meat Inspection Act National Forest Service Pendleton Act Pure Food and Drug Act recall Referendum Roosevelt's position on trusts Scientific Management & the Assembly Line

3 settlement houses Susan B. Anthony Temperance The primary goal of the NAACP Upton Sinclair What type of city government came out of the Galveston Hurricane of 1900? What was the primary motivation for passage of the Sixteenth Amendment? Which president is associated with the Bull Moose or Progressive Party? Who gained most from the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment? Why did Progressive reformers attack political machines? Why was Taft defeated in the election of 1912? Imperialism Alfred Thayer Mahan Anti-Imperialism As a result of the Spanish-American War, the United States saw the need to build the Panama Canal because of this. Carl Schurz Causes of the Spanish American War Characteristics of American expansionism (imperialism) During the late 1800s, the United States took an expanded role in world affairs partially because of the acquisition of territory where? Following the Spanish-American war, why did the U.S. Congress vote for annexation of the Philippines? For which action did Theodore Roosevelt win the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize? Henry Cabot Lodge How did the Spanish-American War (1898) mark a turning point in American foreign policy? How did the United States gain control of the land it needed to build the Panama Canal? Identify the speaker: "You furnish the pictures and I'll furnish the war. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, why did the United States become involve in Latin America? José Martí William McKinley conflicts under his presidency List examples of President Theodore Roosevelt s Big Stick Policy Know the name of and provide examples of William Howard Taft s foreign policy Know the name of and provide examples of Woodrow Wilson s foreign policy Monroe Doctrine Open Door policy Roosevelt Corollary Sanford B. Dole Queen Liliuokalani What environmental challenges were there during the construction of the Panama Canal? What geographic factors played a role in the construction of the Panama Canal? What was a primary reason for the establishment of the Open Door Policy? What was included in the de Lôme letter? What was one point of advice given by U.S. Naval Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan? Which President s foreign policy sought to further American interests in Latin America by using the financial power of American business? White Man s Burden

4 Great Depression Causes of the Great Depression Causes of the Stock Market Crash Causes of the Dust Bowl Know the effects of the Great Depression on the American economy "Hoovervilles" Rugged individualism After the stock market crash, how did President Hoover try to help the economy? An example of the psychological stress caused by the Great Depression Civilian Conservation Corps Differences between the administrations of President FDR and President Hoover During the New Deal, Congress blocked FDR s attempt to During the New Deal, how did the federal government attempt to improve conditions for farmers? Factors which contributed to the repeal of national Prohibition in 1933 Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Federal Reserve System How did the New Deal change American political thinking? John Steinbeck Securities and Exchange Commission songs, movies, and books of the 1930s The Fair Labor Standards Act, passed in 1938, helped American workers by The Neutrality Acts of the 1930s What did conservatives who opposed President Franklin D. Roosevelt s policies believe? What did the New Deal and Progressive Era policies have in common What was the first major action Roosevelt took as president? What was the goal of President Franklin D. Roosevelt s plan to add more justices to the Supreme Court? What was the main intent of the Mexican Repatriation Act? Which action did President Franklin D. Roosevelt take that helped organized labor gain strength during the New Deal? Which candidates ran for president in 1932? Works Progress Administration World War II Cash-and-Carry Agreement of Britain and France to give Germany the Sudetenland 1938 Characterize the policy followed by the United States in the years between WWI and WWII Charles de Gaulle Chester Nimitz Civilian Conservation Corp Conquest of Poland 1939 Describe the U.S. economy during WWII Douglas MacArthur During WWII, what did the need of the United States for war materials result in? During WWII, why did the Soviet Union pressure the other Allies to open a second front in France? Entry of the United States into WWII in 1941 Executive Order 9066 Francisco Franco Hitler How did economic growth during WWII help end the Great Depression? How did World War II affect the home front in the United States? In 1939, how did President Franklin D. Roosevelt exercise leadership when he responded to the start of WWII in Europe?

5 In following a policy of appeasement, what did Britain and France do? In the Battle of Stalingrad, what contributed to the Soviet victory? John J. Pershing Joseph Stalin Lend-Lease Mussolini Neville Chamberlain Office of War Information Omar Bradley President Franklin D. Roosevelt spoke these words, Yesterday, December 7, 1941, a date which shall live in infamy to describe what event? Securities and Exchange Commission The Allied invasion of was given the code name D-Day. Tojo U.S. Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1937 Vernon Baker Victory Gardens War bonds What did President Truman s decision to use atomic weapons against cities in Japan in WWII show about his leadership? What effect did the end of WWII have on American women who worked in the defense industries during the war? What fundamental principle was expressed by the war crimes tribunal at Nuremberg following World War II? What was an immediate effect of the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan? What was Germany's goal in the Battle of the Atlantic? What was the main goal of the Flying Tigers? What were the obstacles to achieving racial integration in the armed forces during WWII? When did Britain and France adopt a policy of appeasement toward Germany? Which General led the Third Army into Paris to liberate the city from German occupation. Which geographic feature most likely played a significant role in preventing the Axis powers from taking control of Great Britain during WWII? Which geographic feature played a major role in U.S. military strategy in the Pacific during WWII? Which group of American citizens was subjected to the greatest loss of their constitutional rights during WWII? Which WWII military leader achieved notoriety as a commander of U.S. tanks that crossed into France and Germany in 1944 and 1945? Who was the general who led Allied troops in battles on the islands of Bataan, Leyte, and Iwo Jima? Why did the U.S. mainland suffer little physical damage in World War II? Why was the Battle of the Bulge was significant? Why was the D-Day invasion in June 1944 significant to the outcome of WWII? Cold War was the leader of the Communists in China. 38th Parallel Alger Hiss baby boom Berlin airlift Berlin Airlift Between 1946 and 1954, the House Committee on Un-American Activities and Senator Joseph McCarthy attracted public attention because of what investigations? Blacklist Brinkmanship

6 capitalism Controversies involving Alger Hiss and Julius and Ethel Rosenberg reflected the post World War II concern over what? Describe the armistice signed ending the Korean War. Deterrent Eisenhower Doctrine Franchise Hollywood Ten How did the GI Bill help soldiers who served in World War II? Immediately after WWII, why did the relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union become strained? In the years immediately following World War II, what was United States foreign policy primarily focused on? Iron curtain Jonas Salk Marshall Plan McCarthyism Most Americans in the 1950s and 60s relied on as their primary source of entertainment and information. mutual defense North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Sputnik Truman Doctrine Warsaw Pact What contributed to the economic recovery after WWII? What development resulted from the construction of the interstate highway system? What was confirmed by the publication of the Venona Papers? What was the primary purpose for the creation of the United Nations? What were causes of the Korean War? What event marked the beginning of the space race with the Soviet Union? Why did the U.S. get involved in the Korean War Modern Presidencies 1. Define President George Bush s new world order 2. Why did the United States join its allies in the Persian Gulf War? 3. What was the result of the Persian Gulf War? 4. What were the two charges on which President Clinton was impeached and then acquitted after a Senate trial in January and February 1999? 5. How was the election of 2000 between George W. Bush and Al Gore finally resolved? 6. What is one way in which the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 are similar? 7. What are the weaknesses with Social Security? 8. During the Great Depression of the 1930s and the economic crisis of , why did the federal government initiate reforms in the banking system? 9. Know the chronological order of the following ates Keeping America competitive requires affordable energy. And here we have a serious problem: America is addicted to oil, which is often imported from unstable parts of the world. The best way to break this addiction is

7 through technology. Since 2001, we have spent nearly $10 billion to develop cleaner, cheaper, and more reliable alternative energy sources. And we are on the threshold of incredible advances. President George W. Bush, State of the Union Address, January 31, In this passage, President George W. Bush suggests Americans can overcome oil addiction by focusing on what? 11. Which goal related to United States energy needs is addressed in this speech? 12. What are similarities between Presidents Herbert Hoover and George W. Bush? 13. How did the Federal government responde to the 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon 14. Which federal legislation has had the greatest effect on the education system of most American students? 15. The Supreme Court decision in Schenck v. United States (1919) and the passage of the USA Patriot Act (2001) demonstrate what principle? 16. Know the political parties of ALL modern presidencies (Nixon-Obama)

Review. Geographic Change Essay. Essay Blocking. Possible Thematic Essays 6/7/2013

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