What are major important lessons learned from past disasters, including the Great East Japan Earthquake?

Transcription

1 What are major important lessons learned from past disasters, including the Great East Japan Earthquake? experience from 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami And Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami Masami Fuwa Director General, Global Environment Department Japan International Cooperation Agency(JICA) 1

2 JICA s Three Principles Approach Kaizen Continuous Improvement Redundancy Risk Literacy Strategy

3 Three Support + One Self Support Individual or Family Public Support Government International Support Mutual Support Community 3

4 Mega-disasters: 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami and Great East Japan Earthquake 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami* Great East Japan Earthquake Killed 226,395 19,846 Total Affected 2,431, ,820 Estimated Damage (US$ Million) 9, ,000 * Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, Maldives, Thailand, Malaysia, Myanmar, Somalia and Seychelles (Source: EM-DAD, CRED)

5 Time : Tsunami Transmission From the Cabinet Office 5

6 Indon esia Sri Lanka Maldi ves Thaila nd Rehabilitation M/P Technical Support to Western Road Waste Water Treatment Plant Community Empowerment Support Capacity development Community and Friendship village support Technical Support to Road and School sector Small Medium Enterprise Community empowerment Livelihood rehabilitation Fisherman group Technical Support DM education Cash for work Outline of JICA Assistance Evacuation Shelter Search & rescue Capacity Development on Disaster Management Capacity Development on Disaster Management

7 Aceh Quick Impact Projects; location Night soil treatment plant Aceh river, diversion channel urgent rehabilitation project diversion channel (dredging river wall) Aceh river (dredging wall) Doi river (dredging wall) Nyeng river (dredging wall) Fish Market rehabilitation refregerator, etc access road Orphanage reconstruction Water supply network system in Aceh Radio Broadcasting station RRI office,etc from:jica report 7

8 Deaths due to Tsunami 8

9 Human Security Point of View in Sri Lanka tents Formulating community based organization Food Processing Livelihood Rehabilitation Participatory planning Associated infrastructure no job Job Training 9

10 Housing only Rebuilding the Life Integrated approach Housing VS rebuilding Life Planning with community Basic Infra Livelihood Food processing carpenter 10

11 Layout plan of Iqbar Nagal new village Muslims (111h.holds) Tamils(135 h.holds) 11

12 Mainstreaming of Disaster Risk Management

13 Development Development and Disasters Without Disasters Disaster Disaster Disaster How to minimize the Gap Damages Damages Damages Far away from Poverty Reduction -Structural measures -Nonstructural measures -Insurance etc. Time 13

14 Disaster Risk Management (DRM) - Scenario disaster and anticipated risk - Capacity Required level At Scenario Disaster NOT Functioning As Planned Disaster Education (Non-Structure) Actual Capacity Sea Wall to (Structure) cope with Coastal disasters Dyke (Structure) Functioning As Planned Evacuation Drill (Non-Structure) Disaster Education (Non-Structure) Actual Capacity to cope with disasters Sea Wall (Structure) Coastal Dyke (Structure) Land Use Planning (Non-Structure)

15 JICA s Three Principles Approach Kaizen Continuous Improvement Redundancy Risk Literacy Strategy

16 Investment Capacity to DRR Non-Structure Measure Developed Countries Least Developing Countries Developing Countries Structure Measure Investment Capacity to Structure Measure 16

17 Toward the mainstreaming of DRM Understanding of risks by all stakeholders Multidisciplinary approach Mainstreaming Of DRM Time change Development Sustainable

18 How should lessons and experiences of past megadisasters including those of GEJE be applied to developing countries? Mainstreaming of DRM disaster risk management Well-balanced, best mix of structure and nonstructure measures against disaster risks. Capacity development of Gov t and communities, society

19 What actions should international community, including the UN, IFIs, and regional bodies, take to help enhancing global preparedness against disasters? Risk literacy Redundancy Kaizen

20 Thank you very much for your kind attention.