CHANGING PERCEPTION AND MOVING TOWARDS BUILDING A SAFER SRI LANKA

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Symposium on Estimating the Recurrence Interval and Behavior in the Indian Ocean via a Survey Tsunami related Sedimentation conducted by National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster

1 Symposium on Estimating the Recurrence Interval and Behavior in the Indian Ocean via a Survey Tsunami related Sedimentation conducted by National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention( NIED ) March 2009 in Japan CHANGING PERCEPTION AND MOVING TOWARDS BUILDING A SAFER SRI LANKA Presented By Lieutenant Colonel Manoj Mudannayake RSP Disaster Management Coordinator Disaster Management Center of Sri Lanka Ministry of Disaster Management and Human Right, Government of Sri Lanka

CONTENT 1. Introduction 2. Devastating affects of the Indian Ocean Tsunami by 2004 2.1 Overview of the Impact Assessment 2.2 Sri Lanka s fishing Industry 3.

2 CONTENT 1. Introduction 2. Devastating affects of the Indian Ocean Tsunami by Overview of the Impact Assessment 2.2 Sri Lanka s fishing Industry 3. Recovery processes of the government of Sri Lanka 3.1 Institutional framework For Disaster Management in Sri Lanka 4. Road Map Toward Building a Safer Sri Lanka 5. Conclusion

3 INTRODUCTION Tsunami Devastated the Western, Southern, Eastern and Northern coastal lines of Sri Lanka on 26 th December 2004

Indian Ocean Tsunami of 26-12-2004 09:00 (3-5 m) 08:50 (5-8 m)

4 Indian Ocean Tsunami of :00 (3-5 m) 08:50 (5-8 m) 08:40 (6-10 m) (2 m) 09:30 (4-5 m) 09:20 (4-9 m) 09:15 09:00 (7-9 m) 08:30 (7-12 m) 08:50 (7-9 m) Note: Earthquake occurred at 06:58 am Time of arrival of first wave and estimated max. wave height

5 Times of Impact

6 DEVASTATING AFFECTS OF THE INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI BY 2004 Overview of the Impact Assessment

7 Affected District by 2004 Tsunami The tsunami that struck on December 26, 2004, hit a relatively narrow, but long strip of land stretching over 1,000 km (approximately 70 percent of Sri Lanka's coastline).

9 Damage from Tsunami 2004 Total affected: 1 million (5 percent) of a total population of 19 million. Most affected sectors: Coastal livelihoods, dependent largely on fisheries, tourism, agriculture, and small businesses; total job losses are estimated at 380,000. Damage to infrastructure: Close to 150,000 houses, 200 educational institutions, and 100 health facilities. Railway, power, telecommunications, water supply, and fishing ports also suffered significant damage.

10 Devastation affect to the Main township of Galle, South of Sri Lanka After Before

12 Sri Lanka's Fishing Industry

13 Devastation affects to fishing Industry Nearly 90% of fishing people were seriously affected. Nearly 80% of the 30,000 fishing vessels in the country were completely destroyed. Fishing ports, harbours and anchorage spaces were devastated with extensive loss of essential infrastructure. A large number of boat yards that produce boats for the fishing community were badly affected.

14 Hambanthota Fishing Harbour

16 RECOVERY PROCESSES OF THE GOVERNMENT OF SRI LANKA Institutional framework For Disaster Management in Sri Lanka

Institutional framework after the Tsunami By early January 2005, the government established a Centre for National Operations (CNO) and three senior

17 Institutional framework after the Tsunami By early January 2005, the government established a Centre for National Operations (CNO) and three senior level task forces ; Task Force for Rescue and Relief (TAFRER), Task Force to Rebuild the Nation (TAFREN), Task Force for Logistics, Law and Order (TAFLOL).

18 In recovery processes main component focus at the following: Temporary shelter to permanent housing program Restoring of livelihoods Health and education Infrastructure sector

(RADA), incorporating a wider mandate (oversight and

19 in January 2006, TAFREN was replaced with a new institution, the Reconstruction and Development Agency (RADA), incorporating a wider mandate (oversight and support for both post-tsunami and post-conflict reconstruction)

20 Guiding principles for recovery and reconstruction: Equity, Consultation, Subsidiary,

21 Reconstruction Programmes Government of Sri Lanka started two main programmes for Tsunami Reconstruction through TAFREN 1. Housing 2. Livelihood

22 Tsunami Reconstruction After establishment of the Task Force for Rebuilding the Nation (TAFREN) lead national reconstruction efforts and coordinated input by various line ministries. The international financial institutions supported Asian Development Bank World Bank Japan Bank for International Co-operation NGOs/INGOs

House Owner Driven Programme The Government provided a cash grant reimbursed by different development banks and donors Partly damaged Rs. 100,000.00 Fully damaged Rs. 250,000.

23 House Owner Driven Programme The Government provided a cash grant reimbursed by different development banks and donors Partly damaged Rs. 100, Fully damaged Rs. 250, Housing Programme Donor Driven Housing Programme All affected families were entitled to a house built by a donor agency. The donor provided new settlement with common infrastructure facilities and government provided required facilities to the relocation site. The beneficiary remains the legal owner

24 Progress of Housing Programme By 2007 Partly Damaged-88% Completed completed completed Fully Damaged 30 % Completed.

25 Livelihood Programme 150,000 people lost their main source of income. About 50% of them were engaged in the fisheries sector and the rest were in agriculture, tourism, public sector, small and micro enterprises, etc. about 70% to 85% of families have regained their main source of income.

26 Targeting Livelihood Reconstruction Cash Grants Cash grant of SLR 5,000 for two months supplementing the Rs. 375 per person per week foodration programme to all victims Cash for work INGOs through local NGOs and community based organizations, conducted cash-forwork programme for daily wage earners

27 Guiding principles for recovery and reconstruction.. Communication and transparency including analysis of individual interventions, Monitoring, evaluation and accountability to beneficiaries Disaster management and early warning

28 In February 2005, a multi party Parliamentary Select Committee was created to investigate the lack of preparedness to meet future humanitarian emergencies and to recommend steps to mitigate future risks A new Disaster Management Centre () with a stronger mandate, allowing the to work with multiple stakeholders at various levels of the administration, and also to actively engage in risk reduction by November 2005

29 Institutional Framework For Disaster Management in Sri Lanka

30 Sri Lanka Disaster Management Act; No.13 of 2005 Framework for Disaster Risk Management (DRM) in Sri Lanka Addresses Disaster Management (DM) holistically, leading to a policy shift from response based mechanisms to a proactive approach National Council for Disaster Management (NCDM) and Disaster Management Centre () established in accordance with the Act.

31 National Council For Disaster Management Ministers in charge of Social Services Rehabilitation & Reconstruction Home Affairs Health Science & Technology Housing Coast Conservation Irrigation Power Defence Chief Ministers Chairman H.E. the President Vice Chairman Hon. Prime Minister Opposition Leader Opposition MPs Ministry of Disaster Management & Human Rights Ministers in charge of Police Finance Land Fisheries & Aquatic Resources Foreign Affairs Water Supply Highways Urban Development Education Environment

32 ROAD MAP TOWARD BUILDING A SAFER SRI LANKA

33 UDA RDA Department of Meteorology GSMB NBRO Coordination Mechanism in Disaster Management National Council for Disaster Management NSF CCD NARA Ministry of Disaster Management & Human Rights CMC & Fire Brigade Military & Police Mahaweli Authority Department of Irrigation NWS&DB Through District DM Coordinators Atomic Energy Authority CEA CEB Provincial Councils District Secretariats Line departments District NGOs and CBOs Dept of Social Services Local Authorities Divisional Secretariats RADA Marine Pollution & Prevention Authority Medical Research Institute Department. of Agriculture Health Department Other Agencies

Year 2015 A SAFER SRI LANKA Stakeholder Partnership Year 2005

Early Warning System Disaster Preparedness Planning and Response

Stakeholders Community based Disaster Risk Management Schematic

34 Year 2015 A SAFER SRI LANKA Stakeholder Partnership Year 2005 Hazard, Vulnerability & Risk Assessment Tsunami & Multi-hazard Early Warning System Disaster Preparedness Planning and Response Disaster Mitigation and Integration into Development Planning Stakeholders Community based Disaster Risk Management Schematic Diagram of Disaster Management Public Awareness, Education & Training

35 Seven thematic components consistent with: 1) Policy, Institutional Mandate and Institutional Development 2) Hazard, Vulnerability and Risk Assessment 3) Multi-hazard Early Warning System 4) Planning for Disaster Preparedness and Response 5) Disaster Mitigation Integration into Development 6) Community Base DRM and, 7) Public Awareness, Education and Training

36 24 x 7 National Emergency Operations Centre

37 CONCLUSION Thank You..

Sri Lanka after the Indian Ocean tsunami

Sri Lanka after the Indian Ocean tsunami Prof. Tissa Vitarana Minister of Science and Technology Sri Lanka 08.09.2006 1 In this presentation.. What happened in Sri Lanka on 26 th December 2004 Effect of