Political Science 5650: Ethnic Politics Fall 2009 Wednesday 6:30-9:20pm Wooten Hall 321

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1 Political Science 5650: Ethnic Politics Fall 2009 Wednesday 6:30-9:20pm Wooten Hall 321 Prof. Idean Salehyan Course website: (under classes ) Phone: (940) Office Hours: WH 147, Wednesday 2-4pm or appointment. This class will examine current theories and empirical analyses of ethnic politics, in both industrialized and developing countries. We will explore topics such as the origins of nationalism, democratic stability and breakdown, ethnic conflict, and the quality of governance in multiethnic societies. Different theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of ethnic politics will be addressed. Students will be required to develop a general understanding of the literature and to focus in depth on one particular topic as they develop an independent research project. Readings: The following books are required for purchase. Since the campus bookstore is crazy expensive, I suggest you look online for these. 1. Donald Horowitz, Ethnic Groups in Conflict. University of California Press. 2. Arend Lijphart, Democracy in Plural Societies: A Comparative Exploration. Yale Univ Press. 3. Daniel Posner, Institutions and Ethnic Politics in Africa. Cambridge Univ Press. 4. David Laitin, Identity in Formation: The Russian-Speaking Populations in the Near Abroad. Cornell University Press. 5. Steven Wilkinson, Votes and Violence: Electoral Competition and Ethnic Riots in India. Cambridge University Press. All other readings are accessible through JSTOR and/or the UNT libraries. Searching in scholar.google.com from campus internet servers will give you a variety of access options. Some readings are not available online; these will be marked with an asterisks (*). Such readings will be placed in a folder and pinned outside of my door in Wooten Hall (rm 147). You are responsible for making copies and ensuring the text makes it back to the bin in a timely manner so other students can access it. Requirements: A. Participation - 20%. Attendance is required at all class sessions. In addition, you are expected to participate in class discussions. Speaking up frequently is not as important as contributing meaningful arguments, and well-reasoned critiques. B. Discussion papers & presentations 30%. You are required to write two short papers (approx 1,500-2,000 words) on the weekly reading assignments. During the first class meeting, we will divide the weeks among students. These papers are to be an analytical summary and review of the literature. They should be more than a simple synopsis of each article, but should evaluate and critique the literature. These papers should include a list of 3-5 questions which will serve as prompts for class discussions. In

2 preparing these papers, you are encouraged to include pertinent readings not on the list, including recommended readings. You are required to circulate these papers to everyone in the class at least 24 hours before the given class meeting. In addition, you are expected to give a brief presentation (approx 15 minutes) on the literature and pose your discussion questions to the class. C. Research design 50%. Each student is required to develop a research project relating to some aspect of ethnic politics. This paper must include an interesting research question, a review of the relevant literature, a clearly stated and well-argued theory, a set of testable hypotheses, and a plausible strategy for carrying out empirical research. You should approach this as a first-step in constructing a viable research project that could eventually lead to a journal article, thesis, or dissertation. Although you may conduct some preliminary data collection and testing, this will not be required. This research design project will come due in several cumulative installments: 1) Research question and justification. What is the question you propose to answer? Why is this an interesting and important question? DUE: September 23. 2) Literature review. Summarize and critique the existing literature on your topic. What remains to be done and how does your project fit in with and expand upon existing work? DUE: November 18. 3) Final research design. In addition to 1 & 2, develop a new and novel theory, a set of testable hypotheses derived from that theory, and a plan for conducting the research. Include a discussion of the types of evidence used, operationalization of variables, strategies for data collection, etc. DUE: December 16. Failure to turn in any section by the required date will result in a 3% penalty per day late on the final grade. *All assignments must be typed, double-spaced, 12 point font, no more than one inch margins. Use current American Political Science Review style guidelines for citations. CLASS SCHEDULE 1. September 2. Introduction and Overview Chandra, Kanchan What is Ethnic Identity and Does it Matter? Annual Review of Political Science Abdelal, Rawi Identity as a Variable. Perspectives on Politics September 9. Ethnic and National Identity: Macro-historical Perspectives Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origins and Spread of Nationalism. Chapters 1, 3-5.* Ernest Gellner Nations and Nationalism. Oxford University Press. Chapters 1-5.* Connor, Walker Nation Building or Nation Destroying? World Politics. 24: Smith, Anthony. The Nation in History, Historiographical Debates About Ethnicity and Nationalism. Hanover, NH: University Press of New England, Hobsbawm, Eric Nations and Nationalism Since 1780: Programme, Myth, Reality. Cambridge University Press. 3. September 16. Ethnic and National Identity: Sociological and psychological Perspectives Monroe, et al The Psychological Foundations of Identity Politics. Annual Review of Political Science. 3:

3 Nagel, Joanne Constructing Ethnicity: Creating and Recreating Ethnic Identity and Culture. Social Problems. 41: Connor, Walker Beyond Reason: the Nature of the Ethnonational Bond. Ethnic and Racial Studies Goddard, Stacie E Uncommon Ground: Indivisible Territory and the Politics of Legitimacy. International Organization. 60: Hassner, Ron To Have and To Hold: Conflicts over Sacred Space and the Problem of Indivisibility Security Studies Checkel, Jeffrey Norms, Institutions, and National Identity in Contemporary Europe. International Studies Quarterly. 43: Tajfel, Henri Social Identity and Intergroup Behavior. Social Science Information Levine, RA and DT Campbell Ethnocentrism: Theories of Conflict, Ethnic Attitudes, and Group Behavior. John Wiley and Sons. Brewer, Marilynn, The Psychology of Prejudice: Ingroup Love and Outgroup Hate? Journal o Social Issues. 55(3). 4. September 23. Ethnic and National Identity: Is Ethnic Identity Rational? Laitin, Identity in Formation. Chapter 1, Part II & III Posner, Daniel The Political Salience of Cultural Difference: Why Chewas and Tumbukas are Allies in Zambia and Adversaries in Malawi. American Political Science Review Laitin, David. Hegemony and Culture. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1983, Miles, William and David Rochefort Nationalism Versus Ethnic Identity in Sub-Saharan Africa. American Political Science Review. 85: Hechter, Michael Nationalism and Rationality. Studies in Comparative and International Development. 35(1): September 30. Ethnic Conflict: Group Competition Horowitz, Ethnic Groups in Conflict. Chapters 1-6. Gurr, Ted Robert and Will H. Moore Ethnopolitical Rebellion: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the 1980 s with Risk Assessments for the 1990s. American Journal of Political Science Posen, Barry The Security Dilemma and Ethnic Conflict. Survival 35(1): de Figueiredo, Rui & Barry R. Weingast The Rationality of Fear: Political Opportunism and Ethnic Conflict. In Civil Wars, Insecurity, and Intervention, ed. Barbara F. Walter & Jack Snyder. New York: Columbia University Press. Lake, David A. & Donald S. Rothchild, eds The International Spread of Ethnic Conflict: Fear, Diffusion, and Escalation. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Weiner, Myron The Macedonian Syndrome: An Historical Model of International Relations and Political Development. World Politics 23(4): Snyder, Jack and Karen Ballentine Nationalism and the Marketplace of Ideas. International Security Saideman, Stephen Explaining the International Relations of Secessionist Conflicts: Vulnerability Versus Ethnic Ties. International Organization October 7. Ethnic Conflict: Cross-National Studies Collier, Paul and Anke Hoeffler Greed and Grievance in Civil War. Oxford Economic Papers

4 56(4): Sambanis, Nicholas Do Ethnic and Nonethnic Civil Wars have the Same Causes? Journal of Conflict Resolution Reynal-Querol, Marta Ethnicity, Political Systems and Civil Wars. Journal of Conflict Resolution Saideman, Stephen, et al Democratization, Political Institutions, and Ethnic Conflict: A Pooled, Cross-sectional Time-Series Analysis From Comparative Political Studies Cetinyan, Rupen Ethnic Bargaining in the Shadow of Third-Party Intervention. International Organization 56(3): Walter, Barbara Building Reputation: Why Governments Fight Some Separatists but not Others. American Journal of Political Science. 50(2) Fearon, James D Ethnic and Cultural Diversity By Country. Journal of Economic Growth 8: Gurr, Ted Robert. 2000b. Peoples Versus States: Minorities at Risk in the New Century. Washington, DC: US Institute of Peace. Mann, Michael The Dark Side of Democracy Explaining Ethnic Cleansing. New York: Cambridge University Press. Montalvo, Jose & Marta Reynal-Querol Ethnic Polarization, Potential Conflict and Civil War. American Economic Review 95(3): Saideman, Stephen M. & R. William Ayres Determining the Causes of Irredentism: Logit Analyses of Minorities at Risk Data from the 1980s and 1990s. Journal of Politics 62: Roeder, Philip G Clash of Civilizations and Escalation of Domestic Ethnopolitical Conflicts. Comparative Political Studies 36(5): Toft, Monica Duffy The Geography of Ethnic Violence: Identity, Interests, and the Indivisibility of Territory. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Heger, Lindsay and Salehyan, Idean Ruthless Rulers: Coalition Size and the Severity of Civil Conflict. International Studies Quarterly. 51(2). 7. October 14. Ethnic Conflict: Disaggregated Studies Wilkinson, Votes and Violence, Chapters 1-2, 5. Varshney, Ashutosh Ethnic Conflict and Civil Society: India and Beyond. World Politics 53.3 Ostby, Gudrun Polarization, Horizontal Inequalities, and Violent Civil Conflict. Journal of Peace Research Murshed, Mansoob and Scott Gates Spatial-Horizontal Inequality and the Maoist Insurgency in Nepal. Review of Development Economics Buahug Halvard, Cederman, Lars-Erik, and Jan Ketil Rød Disaggregating Ethno- Nationalist Civil Wars: A Dyadic Test of Exclusion Theory. International Organization. 62: Journal of Conflict Resolution, Special Issue: Disaggregating Civil War Vol 53. No 4 (especially articles by: Cederman et al, Weidmann, and Hegre et al). Bundervoet, Tom Livestock, Land and Political Power: the 1993 Killings in Burundi. Journal of Peace Research October 21. Ethnic Conflict: Questioning Ethnicity Mueller, John The Banality of Ethnic War. International Security Kalyvas, Stathis Ethnic Defection in Civil War. Comparative Political Studies. 41.8

5 Gagnon, VP Ethnic Nationalism and International Conflict: the Case of Serbia. International Security Fearon, James & David Laitin Ethnicity, Insurgency, and Civil War. American Political Science Review 97(1):1 17. Fearon, James & David Laitin Violence and the Social Construction of Ethnic Identity. International Organization. 54(4): Cederman, Lars-Erik and Luc Girardin Beyond Fractionalization: Mapping Ethnicity onto Nationalist Insurgencies. American Political Science Review. 101: Fearon, James, Kimuli Kasara, and David Laitin Ethnic Minority Rule and Civil War Onset. American Political Science Review. 101(1): October 28. Ethnicity and Institutions: Consociationalism and its Critics Lijphart, Democracy in Plural Societies, chapters 1-3. Barry, Brian The Consociational Model and its Dangers. European Journal of Political Research Lustick, Ian Lijphart, Lakatos, and Consociationalism. World Politics Roeder, Philip and Donald Rothchild, eds Sustainable Peace: Power and Democracy After Civil Wars. Cornell University Press, Chs. 2-3.* Lijphart, The Puzzle of Indian Democracy: a Consociational Interpretation. American Political Science Review, Lijphart, Arend Constitutional Design for Divided Societies. Journal of Democracy 15(2): Lustick, Ian. 1979/ Stability in Deeply Divided Societies: Consociationalism Versus Control World Politics, Dix, Robert Consociational Democracy: the Case of Colombia. Comparative Politics Wilkinson, Steven India, Consociational Theory, and Ethnic Violence, Asian Survey November 4. Ethnicity and Institutions: Party Politics Posner, Institutions and Ethnic Politics in Africa. Entire. (Skim part IV) Mozaffar, Shaheen et al Electoral Institutions, Ethnopolitical Cleavages, and Party Systems in Africa s Emerging Democracies. American Political Science Review Ordeshook, Peter and Olga Shvetsova Ethnic Heterogeneity, District Magnitude, and the Number of Parties. American Journal of Political Science Rabushka, Alvin & Kenneth A. Shepsle Politics in Plural Societies: A Theory of Democratic Instability. Columbus: C.E. Merrill. Birnir, Johanna Kristin Ethnicity and Electoral Politics. Cambrdige University Press. Ishiyama, John Do Ethnic Parties Promote Minority Ethnic Conflict? Nationalism and Ethnic Politics Brancati, Dawn The Origins and Strengths of Regional Parties. British Journal of Political Science. 11. November 11. Ethnicity and Institutions: Federalism Stepan, Alfred Federalism and Democracy: Beyond the U.S. Model. Journal of Democracy

6 Bakke, Kristin and Erik Wibbels Diversity, Disparity, and Civil Conflict in Federal States. World Politics 59.1 Brancati, Dawn Decentralization: Fueling the Fire or Dampening the Flames of Ethnic Conflict and Secessionism. International Organization Hale, Henry Divided we Stand: Institutional Sources of Ethno-federal Survival and Collapse. World Politics. 56: Triesman, Daniel Russia s Ethnic Revival: The Separatist Activism of Regional Leaders in a Postcommunist Order. World Politics Lieberman, Robert and John Lapinski American Federalism, Race, and the Administration of Welfare. British Journal of Political Science McGarry, John Can Federalism Help to Manage Ethnic and National Diversity? Federations 4(1):3 5. Kaufmann, Chaim Possible and Impossible Solutions to Ethnic Civil Wars. International Security. 20. Chapman, Thomas and Philip Roeder Partition as a Solution to Wars of Nationalism: the Importance of Institutions. American Political Science Review. 101(4): Sambanis, Nicholas Partition as a Solution to Ethnic War: An Empirical Critique of the Theoretical Literature. World Politics 52: November 18. Ethnicity and Public Policy Alesina et al Public Goods and Ethnic Divisions. The Quarterly Journal of Economics Luttmer, Erzo Group Loyalty and the Taste for Redistribution. The Journal of Political Economy Hopkins, Daniel The Diversity Discount: When Increasing Ethnic and Racial Diversity Prevents Tax Increases. Journal of Politics. 71: Gilliam, Franklin and Shanto Iyengar Prime Suspects: The Influence of Local Television News on the Viewing Public. American Journal of Political Science Kam, Cindy and Donald Kinder Terror and Ethnocentrism: Foundations of American Support for the War on Terror. Journal of Politics. 69: Gilens, Martin Race Coding and White Opposition to Welfare. American Political Science Review Peffley, Mark and Jon Hurwitz The Racial Components of Race-Neutral Crime Policy Attitudes. Political Psychology Soss, et al Why Do White Americans Support the Death Penalty? Journal of Politics. 65: November 25. Ethnicity and Public Policy Collier, Paul Ethnicity, Politics, and Economic Performance. Economics and Politics Easterly, William and Ross Levine Africa s Growth Tragedy: Policies and Ethnic Divisions. Quarterly Journal of Economics Miguel, Edward Tribe or Nation? Nation Building and Public Goods in Kenya Versus Tanzania. World Politics. 56. April Kasara, Kimuli Tax me if you Can: Ethnic Geography, Democracy, and the Taxation of Agriculture in Africa American Political Science Review. Habyarimana et al Why Does Ethnic Diversity Undermine Public Goods Provision? American Political Science Review Banerjee, Abhijit and Rohini Somanathan The Political Economy of Public Goods: Some Evidence

7 From India. Journal of Development Economics Coller, et al Implications of Ethnic Diversity. Economic Policy Miguel, Edward and Mary Gugerty Ethnic Diversity, Social Sanctions, and Public Goods in Kenya. Journal of Public Economics. 89: Montalvo, Jose and Marta Reynal-Querol Ethnic Diversity and Economic Development. Journal of Development Economics December 2. Immigration and Citizenship Givens, Terri Immigrant Integration in Europe: Empirical Research. Annual Review of Political Science. Semyonov, Moshe et al The Rise of Anti-Foreigner Sentiment in European Societies, American Sociological Review Weldon, Steven The Institutional Context of Tolerance for Ethnic Minorities: A Comparative, Multi-Level Analysis of Western Europe. American Journal of Political Science Money, Jeanette No Vacancy: the Political Geography of Immigration Control in Advanced Industrial Countries. International Organization Golder, Matt Explaining Variation in the Success of Extreme Right Parties in Western Europe. Comparative Political Studies Howard, Marc Comparative Citizenship: an Agenda for Cross-National Research. Perspectives on Politics. 4.3 Christopher Anderson and Aida Paskevicuite How Ethnic and Linguistic Heterogeneity Influence the Prospects for Civil Society: A Comparative Study of Citizenship Behavior. Journal of Politics.68.4 Andrews, Rhys Civic Engagement, Ethnic Heterogeneity, and Social Capital in Urban Areas. Urban Affairs Review December 9. Immigration and Citizenship Putnam, Robert E Pluribus Unum: Diversity and Community in the Twenty-First Century. Scandinavian Political Studies De Figueriedo, Rui and Zachary Elkins Are Patriots Bigots? An Inquiry into the Vices of In Group Pride. American Journal of Political Science Baubock, Rainer Towards a Theory of Migrant Transnationalism. International Migration Review Guarnizo, Luis Eduardo, Alejandro Portes and William Haller Assimilation and Transnationalism: Determinants of Transnational Political Action Among Contemporary Migrants. American Journal of Sociology Waldinger, Roger and David Fitzgerald Transnationalism in Question. American Journal of Sociology Huddy, Leonie and Nadia Khatib American Patriotism, National Identity, and Political Involvement. American Journal of Political Science Jose Itzigsohn Immigration and the Boundaries of Citizenship: the Institutions of Immigrants Political Transnationalism. International Migration Review STUDENT PAPERS DUE