Summary. History. an area of. From the region was

Transcription

1 Togo Country Profile Summary Togolesee Republic is a country in West Africa borderedd by Ghana to the west, Benin to the east and Burkina Faso to the north. It extends south to the Gulf of Guinea, where its capital Lomé is located. Togo covers an area of approximately 57,000 square kilometers (22,000 sq mi) with a population of approximately 6.7 million. Togo is a tropical, sub-saharan nation, highly dependent on agriculture, with a climate thatt provides good growingg seasons. Togo is one of the smallest countries in all of Africa. History From the 11th to the 16th century, various tribes entered the region from all directions. From the 16th century to the 18th century, the coastal region was a major trading centre for Europeans in

2 search of slaves, earning Togo and the surrounding region the name "The Slave Coast". In 1884, Germany declared Togoland a protectorate. After World War I, rule over Togo was transferred to France. Togo gained its independence from France in In 1967, Gnassingbé Eyadéma led a successful military coup, after which he became president. At the time of his death in 2005, Eyadéma was the longest-serving leader in modern African history, after having been president for 38 years. In 2005, his son Faure Gnassingbé was elected president. President Eyadéma's 33-year rule came to a sudden end on Feb. 5, 2005 when he died onboard an airplane en route to France for treatment of a heart attack. In a military coup-like fashion, the transfer of power went from father to son, making Faure Gnassingbé, the former minister of public works, mines and telecommunications, the new president. However, international pressure forced Gnassingbé to step down. On April 24, elections were held showing Gnassingbé to be the clear winner with 60 percent of the vote. Though the election was disputed, Gnassingbé was sworn in as president on May 3, Then on Oct. 14, 2007, parliamentary elections were held with the ruling party, Rally of the Togolese People (RPT), winning a majority of the seats by a narrow margin over the opposition party Union of Forces for Change (UFC). In June, 2012, electoral reforms prompted protesters to demonstrate on the street of Lomé for several days; protesters sought a return to the 1992 constitution that would re-establish presidential term limits. July, 2012, saw the surprise resignation of the Prime Minister, Gilbert Houngbo. Days later, the commerce minister, Kwesi Ahoomey-Zunu, was named to lead the new government. In the same month, the home of opposition leader Jean Pierre Fabre was raided by security forces, and thousands of protesters again rallied publicly against the government crackdown. Togo's transition to democracy is stalled. Its democratic institutions remain nascent and fragile. Membership Togo is a member of the United Nations, African Union, Organization of Islamic Cooperation, South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone, La Francophonie, Economic Community of West African States, and Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa.

3 Basic Facts Capital City Population Total Area Languages Ethnicity Religion Political System Current President Currency Lomé million 56,785 km² (21,925 sq miles) French Language, numerous indigenous languages 21 ethnic groups Two major groups: Ewe and Kabye 47% Christian, 14% Sunni Muslim, 39% Indigenous beliefs. Republic Faure Gnassingbé CFA Franc Health Health care standards in Togo are not high. In 2004 there were only 225 doctors in Togo or one for every people. Similarly low numbers were reported for nurses, pharmacists, midwives and dentists. The use of traditional health care is widespread in Togo. Many people consult traditional healers as well as or instead of a doctor. Health problems in Togo are compounded by lack of infrastructure. The United Nations Development Programme s (UNDP) Human Development Report 2006 showed that an estimated 48 per cent of Togolese lacked access to safe drinking water and 65 per cent did not have access to adequate sanitation. Around 25 per cent were undernourished. Immunization rates, which had been dropping since the early 1990s, have begun to rise again with 96 per cent of one year old children immunized against tuberculosis and 70 per cent immunized against measles in Health Indicators 2012 Under 5 mortality rate (per 1000) 103 Life expectancy at birth (years) 57.5 Expenditure on Health ( % of GDP) 3.4 Health Indicators 2010 Infant Mortality Rate (per 1000) 66 Number of Hospital Beds (Per 1000) 0.7 Number of Physicians (Per 1000) 0.1 Number of Nurses (Per 1000) 0.3

4 Causes of Under Five Deaths (2008) 6% 11% Neonatal Malaria 10% 2% 11% 26% 35% Diarrhoea Injuries Pneumonia HIV/AIDS Other Education Although the Togolese place a high value on education, the challenge in the past has proved that neither the government nor many families could afford the costs associated with it. While there are a few private schools run by Christian or Islamic organizations, most of the schools have been built by the government. However, the classrooms haven't been as full as they could be because parents have had to pay a modest tuition. In 2008, the Togolese government abolished all school fees. With better access to public education, primary education is compulsory and typically lasts at least five years. Though the government is now fronting the bill for education, the classrooms are still minimally equipped, most of them without electricity. The secondary schools in Togo last seven years and use a curriculum that is similar to French system, and the language taught is French. Although the French language is a second or even third language for most children, the country's literacy rate is one of the highest in Africa. In the capital city of Lomé, colleges of administration, architecture and urban planning are also available. In addition, the University of Benin is located there. The rate of literacy for Togolese aged 15 years or older has raised from 44.2 per cent in 1990 to 53.2 per cent in There is a significant gender imbalance with the literacy rate for males being 68.7 per cent and females 38.5 per cent. Education Indicators 2012 Public Expenditure on Education (% of GDP) 4.5 Expected Years of Schooling 5.3 Adult Literacy Rate (% aged 15 and above) 57.1 Number of Pupils 1889 Pupil Teacher Ratio (Primary) 42 Pupil Teacher Ratio (Secondary) 34 Pupil Teacher Ratio (Upper Secondary) 16 Number of Universities 5

5 Economy Togo serves as a regional commercial and trade center. The government's has made a lot of efforts that were supported by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), to implement economic reform measures, encourage foreign investment, and bring revenues in line with expenditures. Political unrest, including private and public sector strikes throughout 1992 and 1993, jeopardized the reform program, shrank the tax base, and disrupted vital economic activity. Togo has a low GDP per capita and a very large informal economy. Formal and non -agricultural employment is concentrated along the south. Exports are rather diversified, not dominated by extractive industries and spread between different trading partners. Lomé is an important regional trading hub with many imported goods in the West African region going through the port of Lomé. Togo is working to bring its extractive industries in line with international standards in 2013 and to improve the sustainable management of natural resources. Following an estimated growth rate of 5.0% in 2012, the forecasts for 2013 and 2014 are favorable (about 5.3% and 5.5%), thanks to reform and investment. GDP GDP(Billion $) GDP Per Capita(Thousand $) GDP Growth(%) GDP Share per Sector 2.2% 45.9% 3.2% 8.6% 9.7% 7.7% 8.6% 3.4% 3.8% 6.9% Mining and Quarrying Manufacturing Electricity, Gas and Water Construction Trade Transport Finance and Services Public Administration, Health and Education Agriculture

6 Natural Resources Togo Natural Resources are calcium phosphates, limestone, marble, gold, cotton, Cocoa, and minerals. Also, Togoo has vast arable lands. Around 44.2 percent of Togo in covered with arable land. 3.7 % of it yields permanent crops. Imports Main imports commodities of Togo are machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, and petroleum products. The total value of imports was $441.6 million in Main Import Partners France 9% UK 9% Netherlands 13% China 69% Exports Main export commodities of Togo are cotton, phosphates, coffee, gold, and value of exports was $987.1 million in cocoa. The total Main Export Partners Mali 3% Others 25% Benin 14% Burkina Faso 12% Indonesia 4% Ghana 10% Ivory Coast 4% Nigeria 5% EU 7% Niger 7% China 9%

7 Foreign Direct Investment FDI Net (Million Dollar) FDI Net Inflows (Million Dollar) 150 Togo Trade Profile 2012

8 Togo Tariff Profile 2012

9

10 Human Development Index Between 1980 and 2012 Togo's HDI rose by 0.7% annually from to today, which gives the country a rank of 159 out of 187 countries with comparable data. The HDI of Sub- Saharan Africa as a region increased from in 1980 to today, placing Togo below the regional average.

11 Togo Chamber of Commerce and Industry Name Chambre de Commerce et d'industrie du TOGO (CCIT) President M.Fiawoo Jonathan Address Angle Avenue de la Présidence Avenue Georges Pompidou, Lomé Telephone / / Fax Website E mail ccit@ccit.tg Togo Trade Unions Number of Trade Unions 62 Members of trade unions Female member share of trade unions 0.38 Labor force (2011) 3 Millions Togo Banks Togo Banks Financial Bank Togo Banque Sahélo Saharienne pour l'investissement et le commerce Banque Atlantique Togo Banque Regionale de Solidarité Banque Togolaise pour le commerce et l'industrie Banque Internationale pour l'afrique au Togo Ecobank Togo Société Inter Africaine de Banque Union Togolaise de Banque Banque Togolaise de Développement

12 Togo Insurance Companies Name Telephone Fax E mail Website Beneficial Life Insurance / / / contact@beneficilalife.com / Allianz Togo Assurances allianz.togo@allianz tg.com tg.com AGF Togo Assurances agf.togo@agftg.com NSIA Assurances et Banque (+225) (+225) infos@groupensia.com CICA RE Togo Assurance (228) (228) cafe@ids.tg re.com Togo Economic Ministries Minister Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning in Togo Adji Otheth AYASSOR Telephone (00228) / Fax (00228) Website E mail Minister finances@finances.gouv.tg Ministry of Mines & Energy Dammipi NOUPOKOU Telephone / Fax Website E mail Minister energie@energie.gouv.tg Ministry of Trade & Promotion of Private Sector Bernadette Essossimna LEGZIM BALOUKI Telephone /

13 Togo and Iran Iran has no Imports from Togo, and the Trade Balance equals to the following exports data Million Dollars (3 Ms) Export