ASEAN. Statistical Yearbook. The ASEAN Secretariat Jakarta

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3 ASEAN Statistical Yearbook The ASEAN Secretariat Jakarta

4 The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was established on 8 August The members of the Association are Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, The Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam. The ASEAN Secretariat is based in Jakarta, Indonesia. For inquiries, contact: Public Affairs Office ASEAN Secretariat 70 A Jl. Sisingamangaraja Jakarta Indonesia Phone : (62.21) , Fax : (62.21) public@aseansec.org General information on ASEAN appears on-line at the ASEAN website: Cataloging-in-Publication Data ASEAN Statistical Yearbook 2003 The ASEAN Secretariat,- Jakarta: ASEAN Secretariat, 2003 xx, 290p, 15.5 x 23 cm 1. ASEAN Statistic 2. Asia, Southeastern Economic Growth Statistic 315-dc21 ISBN: Printed in Indonesia This publication may be freely quoted or reprinted with permission Copyright ASEAN Secretariat 2003 All rights reserved ii

5 Foreword The ASEAN Statistical Yearbook 2003 is the second in the series. The first was published in May Containing key statistics in ASEAN in 2002 and some in 2003 as they are available up to the second quarter of 2003, it is a continuation of the first Yearbook while its title (2003) now reflects the current publication year. The schedule of publication was shifted to September to facilitate wider and more up-to-date compilation of 2002 and 2003 statistics. It is expected that future publication in the series shall follow this new schedule. The coverage of the ASEAN Statistical Yearbook 2003 has been expanded to include two new sections namely, Agriculture, and Manufacturing Industry. Coverage of Education, Health, and Trade Statistics, has also been improved, the latter now includes those classified by SITC codes. While all macroeconomic data have been updated to cover the year 2002, and for some indicators until the second quarter of 2003, some data on social, trade and FDI statistics, due to the nature of data collection and reporting process, are available only up to the year This Yearbook continues to highlight major trends, characteristics and issues in the region and to facilitate country comparison. These are presented through the cross-sector and /or timeseries presentations of ratios, growths, shares, and where applicable, aggregates for the region. Breakdowns by major trading partners and major commodities are provided where available. Graphics are also used to help highlight important trend and characteristics. I hope you find the ASEAN Statistical Yearbook Series resourceful and would welcome your comments to further improve the quality and usefulness of future publication ONG KENG YONG Secretary General of ASEAN Jakarta, September 2003 iii

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7 Table of Contents Foreword List of Tables List of Figures Glossary Definition iii v xiv xviii xx LIST OF TABLES Chapter I POPULATION AND DEMOGRAPHY Table I.1 Number of Mid Year Population of ASEAN Countries, Table I.2 Population Growth in ASEAN, Table I.3 Population Density, Table I.4 Population by Sex, Table I.5 Urban Population, Table I.6 Population by Aged Group, Chapter II EDUCATION, HEALTH AND REPRODUCTION Table II.1 Adult Literacy Rate, Table II.2 Net Enrollment Ratio in Primary School, by Sex, Table II.3 Net Enrollment Ratio in Secondary School, by Sex, Table II.4 Ratio of Girls to Boys in Primary and Secondary School, Table II.5 Pupil-Teacher Ratio in Primary and Secondary School 13 Table II.6 Crude Birth Ratio (CBR), Crude Death Ratio (CDR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) of ASEAN Countries, 1998 and Table II.7 Total Fertility Rate (TFR), Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (CPR) and Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR), Table II.8 Life Expectancy at Birth by Sex, 1998 and Table II.9 Immunization Against Measles and DPT Among Children of 1 Year Old, Table II.10 Malaria and Tuberculosis Prevalence/Incidence Rate, per 100,000 Population, Table II.11 HIV Prevalence Rate Among Year Old People, by Sex, Table II.12 Proportion of Population with Access to Safe Drinking Water and Access to Improved Sanitation, v

8 Chapter III LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT Table III.1 Unemployment Rate and Labor Force Participation Rate, Table III.2 Number of Unemployment and Labor Force, Table III.3 Labor Force Participation Rates by Sex, Table III.4 Unemployment Rate of People 15 Years and Older, by Sex, Table III.5 Unemployment Rate of People Years Old, by Sex, Table III.6 Number of Employment by Major Industry Group 26 Table III.7 Percentage of Employment by Major Industry Group 26 Table III.8 Number of Employment by Occupation 28 Table III.9 Percentage Employment by Occupation 28 Chapter IV MACRO ECONOMY Table IV.1 GDP at Current and Constant Market Prices in Billion of National Currency, Table IV.2 Rate of Economic (GDP at Constant Price) Growth, and First Quarter of Table IV.3 GDP per Capita at Current Market Prices in US Dollar, Table IV.4 GDP at Current Market Prices in Million of US Dollar, Table IV.5 GDP Share of Major Group of Economic Sectors, Table IV.6 Inflation Rates, Year-on-year End Period, and Year-on-year Average Period, Table IV.7 Consumer Price Index, and Second Quarter of Table IV.8 Foreign Exchange Rates, and Second Quarter of Table IV.9 Interest Rates, End of the Period, and First Quarter Table IV.10 Money Growth, Year-on-year End of the Period, and First Quarter of Table IV.11 Reserve Money, and First Quarter of Table IV.12 Current Account Balance as a Percentage of GDP, Table IV.13 Current Account Balance in Million of US Dollar, Table IV.14 Service Balance of ASEAN Countries in Million of US Dollar, Table IV.15 FDI Approval of ASEAN Countries in Million of US Dollar, Table IV.16 Government Budget Deficit, as a Percentage of GDP, Table IV.17 Government Budget Deficit, Chapter V MERCHANDISE TRADE Table V.1 ASEAN Exports by Country and First Half Table V.2 ASEAN Imports by Country and First Half Table V.3 Extra-ASEAN Exports by Country, Table V.4 Intra-ASEAN Exports by Country, Table V.5 Extra-ASEAN Imports by Country, vi

9 Table V.6 Intra-ASEAN Imports by Country, Table V.7 ASEAN Exports by Country of Destination, Table V.8 Intra-ASEAN Exports by Country of Destination, Table V.9 ASEAN Imports by Country of Origin, Table V.10 Intra-ASEAN Imports by Country of Origin, Table V.11 ASEAN Ten Major Exports Markets in, 1993, 1996, 2000 and Table V.12 Share of ASEAN Major Export Markets in 1993, 1996, 2000 and Table V.13 ASEAN Ten Major Imports Origins in 1993, 1996, 2000 and Table V.14 Share of ASEAN Ten Major Imports Origins in 1993, 1996, 2000 and Table V.15 ASEAN 6 Ten Major Export Markets in 1993, 1996, 2000 and Table V.16 Share of ASEAN 6 Major Export Markets in 1993, 1996, 2000 and Table V.17 ASEAN 6 Ten Major Import Origins in 1993, 1996, 2000 and Table V.18 Share of ASEAN 6 Ten Major Import Origins in 1993, 1996, 2000 and Table V.19 ASEAN 6 Top-ten Export Commodities by 2 Digits HS Code in 1993, 1996, 2000 and Table V.20 ASEAN 6 Top-ten Import Commodities by 2 Digits HS Code in 1993, 1996, 2000 and Table V.21 Shares of ASEAN 6 Top-ten Export Commodities by 2 Digits HS Code in 1993, 1996, 2000 and Table V.22 Shares of ASEAN 6 Top-Ten Import Commodities by 2 Digits HS Code in 1993, 1996, 2000 and Table V.23 Trend of ASEAN 6 Exports of 1996 Top-ten Commodities by 2 Digits HS Code 85 Table V.24 Trend of ASEAN 6 Imports of 1996 Top-ten Commodities by 2 Digits HS Code 85 Table V.25 Ten Major Export Commodities of ASEAN 6 to ASEAN by 2 Digits HS Code, Table V.26 Ten Major Import Commodities of ASEAN 6 from ASEAN by 2 Digits HS Code, Table V.27 Ten Major Export Commodities of ASEAN 6 to European Union by 2 Digits HS Code, Table V.28 Ten Major Import Commodities of ASEAN 6 from European Union by 2 Digits HS Code, Table V.29 Ten Major Export Commodities of ASEAN 6 to USA by 2 Digits HS Code, Table V.30 Ten Major Import Commodities of ASEAN 6 from USA by 2 digits HS Code, vii

10 Table V.31 Ten Major Export Commodities of ASEAN 6 to Japan by 2 Digits HS Code, Table V.32 Ten Major Import Commodities of ASEAN 6 from Japan by 2 Digits HS Code, Table V.33 Ten Major Export Commodities of ASEAN 6 to China by 2 Digits HS Code, Table V.34 Ten Major Import Commodities of ASEAN 6 from China by 2 Digits HS Code, Table V.35 Ten Major Export Commodities of ASEAN 6 to Republic of Korea by 2 Digits HS Code, Table V.36 Ten Major Import Commodities of ASEAN 6 from Republic of Korea by 2 Digits HS Code, Table V.37 Ten Major Export Commodities of ASEAN 6 to Australia by 2 Digits HS Code, Table V.38 Ten Major Import Commodities of ASEAN 6 from Australia by 2 Digits HS Code, Table V.39 Ten Major Export Commodities of ASEAN 6 to India by 2 Digits HS Code, Table V.40 Ten Major Import Commodities of ASEAN 6 from India by 2 Digits HS Code, Table V.41 ASEAN 6 Top-20 Export Commodities by 3 Digits-SITC Code, in 1993, 1996, 2000 and Table V.42 ASEAN 6 Top-20 Import Commodities by 3 Digits-SITC Code, in 1993, 1996, 2000 and Table V.43 Shares of ASEAN 6 Top-20 Export Commodities by 3 Digits-SITC Code in, 1993, 1996, 2000 and Table V.44 Shares of ASEAN 6 Top-20 Import Commodities by 3 Digits-SITC Code in, 1993, 1996, 2000 and Table V.45 Trend of ASEAN 6 Exports of 1996 Top-20 Commodities by 3 Digits-SITC Code, Table V.46 Trend of ASEAN 6 Imports of 1996 Top-20 Commodities by 3 3 Digits-SITC Code, Table V.47 Twenty Major Export Commodities of ASEAN 6 to ASEAN by 3 Digits-SITC Code, Table V.48 Twenty Major Import Commodities of ASEAN 6 from ASEAN by 3 Digits-SITC Code, Table V.49 Twenty Major Export Commodities of ASEAN 6 to European Union by 3 Digits-SITC Code, Table V.50 Twenty Major Import Commodities of ASEAN 6 from European Union by 3 Digits-SITC Code, Table V.51 Twenty Major Export Commodities of ASEAN 6 to USA by 3 Digits-SITC Code, Table V.52 Twenty Major Import Commodities of ASEAN 6 from USA by 3 Digits-SITC Code, Table V.53 Twenty Major Export Commodities of ASEAN 6 to Japan by 3 Digits-SITC Code, viii

11 Table V.54 Twenty Major Import Commodities of ASEAN 6 from Japan by 3 Digits-SITC Code, Table V.55 Twenty Major Export Commodities of ASEAN 6 to China by 3 Digits-SITC Code, Table V.56 Twenty Major Import Commodities of ASEAN 6 from China by 3 Digits-SITC Code, Table V.57 Twenty Major Export Commodities of ASEAN 6 to Republic of Korea by 3 Digits-SITC Code, Table V.58 Twenty Major Import Commodities of ASEAN 6 from Republic of Korea by 3 Digits-SITC, Table V.59 Twenty Major Export Commodities of ASEAN 6 to Australia by 3 Digits-SITC Code, Table V.60 Twenty Major Import Commodities of ASEAN 6 from Australia by 3 Digits-SITC Code, Table V.61 Twenty Major Export Commodities of ASEAN 6 to India by 3 Digits-SITC Code, Table V.62 Twenty Major Import Commodities of ASEAN 6 from India by 3 Digits-SITC Code, Chapter VI FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT Table VI.1 FDI inflows into ASEAN by Host Country, Table VI.2 FDI inflows into ASEAN by Source Country, Table VI.3 FDI inflows into ASEAN from ASEAN by Source Country, Table VI.4 Share in FDI inflows into ASEAN by Source Country, Table VI.5 ASEAN Member Countries Share in Intra-ASEAN FDI inflows, Table VI.6 FDI inflows into ASEAN 5 by Source Country, Table VI.7 FDI inflows into BCLMV by Source Country, Table VI.8 FDI inflows into ASEAN Member Countries by Source Countries, Table VI.9 Share of Intra-ASEAN FDI in FDI inflows into ASEAN Member Countries, st Half of Table VI.10 FDI inflows into ASEAN Member Countries from USA, Table VI.11 FDI inflows into ASEAN Member Countries from Japan, Table VI.12 FDI inflows into ASEAN Member Countries from European Union, Table VI.13 FDI inflows into ASEAN Member Countries from China, Table VI.14 FDI inflows into Brunei Darussalam by Source Country, Table VI.15 FDI inflows into Indonesia by Source Country, Table VI.16 FDI inflows into Lao PDR by Source Country, ix

12 Table VI.17 FDI inflows into Malaysia by Source Country, Table VI.18 FDI inflows into Myanmar by Source Country, Table VI.19 FDI inflows into The Philippines by Source Country, Table VI.20 FDI inflows into Singapore by Source Country, Table VI.21 FDI inflows into Thailand by Source Country, Table VI.22 FDI inflows into Viet Nam by Source Country, Table VI.23 FDI inflows into Brunei Darussalam from ASEAN, Table VI.24 FDI inflows into Indonesia from ASEAN, Table VI.25 FDI inflows into Lao PDR from ASEAN, Table VI.26 FDI inflows into Malaysia from ASEAN, Table VI.27 FDI inflows into Myanmar from ASEAN, Table VI.28 FDI inflows into The Philippines from ASEAN, Table VI.29 FDI inflows into Singapore from ASEAN, Table VI.30 FDI inflows into Thailand from ASEAN, Table VI.31 FDI inflows into Viet Nam from ASEAN, Table VI.32 FDI Inflows to ASEAN by ISIC Sector in Table VI.33 Share of FDI Inflows to ASEAN by ISIC Sector in Table VI.34 FDI Inflows to Brunei Darussalam by ISIC Sector in Table VI.35 FDI Inflows to Indonesia by ISIC Sector in Table VI.36 FDI Inflows to Lao PDR by ISIC Sector in Table VI.37 FDI Inflows to Myanmar by ISIC Sector in Table VI.38 FDI Inflows to Philippine by ISIC Sector in Table VI.39 FDI Inflows to Singapore by ISIC Sector in Table VI.40 FDI Inflows to Thailand by ISIC Sector in Table VI.41 FDI Inflows to Viet Nam s by ISIC Sector in Chapter VII TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION Table VII.1 ASEAN Road Infrastructure, Table VII.2 ASEAN Road Passenger and Freight, Table VII.3 ASEAN Road Fleet, Table VII.4 ASEAN (Inter-Urban) Railway Statistic, Table VII.5 ASEAN Domestic Maritime Statistic: Number of Port and Fleet, Table VII.6 ASEAN International Maritime Statistic: Number of Port and Fleet, Table VII.7 ASEAN Domestic Civil Aviation Statistics, Table VII.8 ASEAN International Civil Aviation Statistics, Table VII.9 ASEAN Telephone Services Statistic, Table VII.10 ASEAN Internet Services Statistic, Chapter VIII TOURISM Table VIII.1 Visitors Arrivals by Country of Destination, Table VIII.2 Rate of Growth of Visitors Arrivals by Country of Destination, x

13 Table VIII.3 Intra-ASEAN Visitor Arrivals by Country of Destination, Table VIII.4 Extra-ASEAN Visitor Arrivals by Country of Destination, Table VIII.5 Visitor Arrivals to ASEAN by Country of Origin, Table VIII.6 Visitor Arrivals to ASEAN Member Countries by Country of Origin and Destination, Table VIII.7 Percentage Change of Visitor Arrivals to ASEAN by Country of Origin, Table VIII.8 Share in Visitor Arrivals to ASEAN by Country of Origin, Table VIII.9 Share in Visitor Arrivals to ASEAN Member Countries by Country of Origin, Table VIII.10 Share of Intra-ASEAN Visitor in ASEAN Member Countries, Table VIII.11 Intra-ASEAN Visitor Arrivals by Country of Origin, Table VIII.12 Visitors Arrival to Brunei Darussalam by Country of Origin, Table VIII.13 Visitors Arrival to Cambodia by Country of Origin, Table VIII.14 Visitors Arrival to Indonesia by Country of Origin, Table VIII.15 Visitors Arrival to Lao PDR by Country of Origin, Table VIII.16 Visitors Arrival to Malaysia by Country of Origin, Table VIII.17 Visitors Arrival to Myanmar by Country of Origin, Table VIII.18 Visitors Arrival to The Philippines by Country of Origin, Table VIII.19 Visitors Arrival to Singapore by Country of Origin, Table VIII.20 Visitors Arrival to Thailand by Country of Origin, Table VIII.21 Visitors Arrival to Viet Nam by Country of Origin, Chapter IX AGRICULTURE Table IX.1 Agriculture Land and Land Use, Table IX.2 GDP Share, Employment, Export and Import Share of Agriculture Sector 237 Table IX.3 Production of Selected Agricultural Products, Table IX.4 Production of Selected Agricultural Products, Table IX.5 ASEAN Exports of Selected Agricultural Products and Inputs by Countries, Table IX.6 ASEAN Exports of Selected Agricultural Products and Inputs by Countries, Table IX.7 ASEAN Imports of Selected Agricultural Products and Inputs by Countries, Table IX.8 ASEAN Imports of Selected Agricultural Products and Inputs by Countries, Table IX.9 ASEAN 6 Export of Selected Agricultural Products and Inputs 244 Table IX.10 ASEAN 6 Import of Selected Agricultural Products and Inputs 244 xi

14 Table IX.11 ASEAN 6 Major Markets of Agricultural Export Commodities, 1996 and Table IX.12 ASEAN 6 Major Origins of Agricultural Import Commodities, 1996 and Table IX.13 ASEAN 6 Major Markets of Selected Agricultural Export Commodities 248 Table IX.14 ASEAN 6 Major Origins of Selected Agricultural Import Commodities 249 Table IX.15 Major Markets of Export of Selected Agricultural Inputs 250 Table IX.16 Major Origins of Import of Selected Agricultural Inputs 250 Chapter X MANUFACTURING Table X.1 Number of Manufacturing Establishments and Persons Engaged, by Establishment Size 253 Table X.2 GDP Share, Export and Import Share of Manufacturing Sector, 1996 and Table X.3 Number of Establishments by Division of Industry, Table X.4 Number of Establishments by Division of Industry, Table X.5 Percentage Distribution of Establishments by Division of Industry, Table X.6 Percentage Distribution of Establishments by Division of Industry, Table X.7 Number of Persons Engaged in Establishments by Division of Industry, Table X.8 Number of Persons Engaged in Establishments by Division of Industry, Table X.9 Number of Persons Engaged per Establishments by Division of Industry, Table X.10 Number of Persons Engaged per Establishments by Division of Industry, Table X.11 Input-Output Ratio in Establishments by Division of Industry, Table X.12 Value Added per Person Engaged in Establishments by Division of Industry, Table X.13 Index of Industrial Production, Table X.14 Index of Industrial Production, Table X.15 Index of Industrial Production, Table X.16 Change in Index of Industrial Production Chapter XI OTHER SOCIAL Table XI.1 Human Development Index (HDI), Table XI.2 Percent of Population below the National Poverty Line 272 xii

15 Table XI.3 Percent of Population below the National Poverty Line in Urban and Rural Areas 272 Table XI.4 Percentage of Population below the $1 and $ 2 PPP Poverty Line, Table XI.5 Gini Coefficient, Table XI.6 Income Share of the Poorest 20%, Table XI.7 Proportion of Seats in National Legislature Held by Women, Table XI.8 Female Share of Paid Employment in Non-Agricultural Activities, Table XI.9 Proportion of Children under 15 Who are Working, Table XI.10 Daily per Capita Protein Supply of ASEAN 277 Table XI.11 Daily per Capita Calorie Supply of ASEAN 277 Chapter XII OTHER SECTORS Table XII.1 ASEAN Energy Resources and Reserves 281 Table XII.2 ASEAN Crude Oil Production 282 Table XII.3 Petroleum Product Consumption of ASEAN 282 Table XII.4 Petroleum Product Exports and Imports 283 Table XII.5 Crude Oil Exports and Imports 283 Table XII.6 Trend of Crude Oil Export by Country 284 Table XII.7 Trend of Crude Oil Import by Country 284 Table XII.8 Trend of Petroleum Product Export by Country 285 Table XII.9 Trend of Petroleum Product Import by Country 285 Table XII.10 Trend of Net Export of Crude Oil and Petroleum Products, Table XII.11 ASEAN 6 Major Market of Crude Oil, 1993, 1996, 2000 and Table XII.12 ASEAN 6 Major Supplier (Origin) of Crude Oil, 1993, 1996, 2000 and Table XII.13 ASEAN 6 Major Market of Petroleum Products, 1993, 1996, 2000 and Table XII.14 ASEAN 6 Major Supplier (Origin) of Petroleum Products, 1993, 1996, 2000 and Table XII.15 Forest Areas as a Percentage of Total Areas 289 Table XII.16 National Protected Areas and CO 2 Emission, in ASEAN 289 Table XII.17 Proportion of Household with Electricity, xiii

16 List of Figures Graphic I.1 Population Density of ASEAN Countries, Graphic I.2 ASEAN Population by Age Group, Graphic III.1 Unemployment Rate of Males Years Old, Graphic III.2 Unemployment Rate of Females Years Old, Graphic IV.1 Rate of GDP Growth in ASEAN, Graphic IV.2 Rate of GDP Growth in ASEAN 5, Graphic IV.3 Rate of GDP Growth in BCLMV, Graphic IV.4 GDP per Capita in US Dollar in ASEAN 5 during , as Compared to Graphic IV.5 GDP per Capita in US Dollar in BCLMV during , as Compared to Graphic IV.6 Consumer Prices Index of ASEAN 5 during , as Compared to Graphic IV.7 Consumer Prices Index of BCLMV during , as Compared to Graphic IV.8 Rate of Change of Foreign Exchange Rate in ASEAN 5, Graphic IV.9 Rate of Change of Foreign Exchange Rate in BCLMV, Graphic IV.10 ASEAN 5 National Currency to US Dollar during , as Compared to the 1996 Level 44 Graphic IV.11 BCLMV National Currency to US Dollar during , as Compared to the 1996 Level 45 Graphic V.1 Trend of ASEAN 6 Total Exports and Imports, Graphic V.2 Trend of ASEAN 6 Extra-ASEAN Exports and Imports, and Intra-ASEAN Exports and Imports, Graphic V.3 Trend of ASEAN 6 Exports by Country, Graphic V.4 Trend of ASEAN 6 Total Imports by Country, Graphic V.5 Trend of ASEAN 6 Extra-ASEAN Exports by Country, Graphic V.6 Trend of ASEAN 6 Extra-ASEAN Imports by Country, Graphic V.7 Trend of ASEAN 6 Intra-ASEAN Exports by Country, Graphic V.8 Trend of ASEAN 6 Intra-ASEAN Imports by Country, Graphic V.9 Shares of ASEAN 6 Extra and Intra-ASEAN Exports, xiv

17 Graphic V.10 Shares of ASEAN 6 Extra and Intra-ASEAN Imports, Graphic V.11 Shares of ASEAN 6 Extra and Intra-ASEAN Exports by Country, Graphic V.12 Shares of ASEAN 6 Extra and Intra-ASEAN Imports by Country, Graphic V.13 ASEAN Export Market, Graphic V.14 ASEAN Export Market, Graphic V.15 ASEAN Import Origin, Graphic V.16 ASEAN Import Origin, Graphic V.17 Shares of Top-ten Export Commodities in ASEAN 6, Graphic V.18 Shares of Top-ten Import Commodities in ASEAN 6, Graphic V.19 Trend of the 1996 Top-ten Exports and Imports Commodities in ASEAN 6, Graphic V.20 Trend of the Shares of the Top-ten Exports and Imports Commodities in ASEAN 6, Graphic V.21 Trend of the 1996 Top-ten Exports Commodities in ASEAN 6 by Commodities, Graphic V.22 Trend of the 1996 Top-ten Imports Commodities in ASEAN 6 by Commodities, Graphic V.23 Share of Top-ten Export Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digit-SITC, Graphic V.24 Share of Top-Ten Import Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digit-SITC, Graphic V.25 Trend of Top-5 Export Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digit-SITC, Graphic V.26 Trend of Top-6 to Top-10 Export Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digit-SITC, Graphic V.27 Trend of Top-11 to Top-15 Export Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digit-SITC, Graphic V.28 Trend of Top-16 to Top-20 Export Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digit-SITC, Graphic V.29 Trend of Top-5 Import Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digit-SITC, Graphic V.30 Trend of Top-6 to Top-10 Import Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digit-SITC, Graphic V.31 Trend of Top-11 to Top-15 Import Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digit-SITC, Graphic V.32 Trend of Top-16 to Top-20 Import Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digit-SITC, Graphic V.33 Share of Top-20 Export Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digit-SITC, Graphic V.34 Share of Top-20 Import Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digit-SITC, xv

18 Graphic VI.1 FDI inflows to ASEAN 5 by Host Country, Graphic VI.2 FDI inflows to BCLMV by Host Country, Graphic VI.3 FDI inflows to ASEAN by Host Country for the Period of Graphic VI.4 FDI inflows to ASEAN by Host Country for the Period of Graphic VI.5 Extra and Intra-ASEAN FDI inflows, Graphic VI.6 FDI inflows to ASEAN by Source Country, for the Period of Graphic VI.7 FDI inflows to ASEAN by Source Country, Graphic VI.8 Composition of FDI inflows to ASEAN by Source Country, Graphic VI.9 FDI inflows to ASEAN 5 by Source Country, for the Period Graphic VI.10 FDI inflows to BCLMV by Source Country, for the Period Graphic VI.11 FDI inflows to ASEAN 5 by Source Country, Graphic VI.12 FDI inflows to BCLMV by Source Country, Graphic VII.1 Graphic VII.2 Graphic VII.3 Graphic VII.4 Graphic VII.5 Graphic VII.6 Graphic VII.7 Graphic VII.8 Trend in the Number of Passenger Cars in ASEAN Countries, Trend in the Number of Goods Vehicle in ASEAN Countries, Trend in International Cargo Thruput in International Maritime Transportation in ASEAN Countries, Trend in Domestic Cargo Thruput in Domestic Maritime Transportation in ASEAN Countries, Trend in International Passenger Traffic in International Civil Aviation in ASEAN Countries, Trend in Domestic Passenger Traffic in Domestic Civil Aviation in ASEAN Countries, Trend in Telephone Density per 100 Persons in ASEAN Countries, Trend in Number of Cellular Phone Subscribers per 100 Persons in ASEAN Countries, Graphic VIII.1 Trend in Intra and Extra-ASEAN Visitor Arrivals, Graphic VIII.2 Trend in Extra-ASEAN Visitor Arrivals by Group of Country of Residence, Graphic VIII.3 Share of Visitor Arrivals to ASEAN by Group of Country of Origin, Graphic VIII.4 Rate of Growth of Tourist Arrivals to ASEAN by Group of Country of Origin, xvi

19 Graphic VIII.5 Share of Visitor Arrivals to ASEAN 5 by Group of Country of Origin, Graphic VIII.6 Share of Visitor Arrivals to BCLMV by Group of Country of Origin, Graphic VIII.7 Share of Intra-ASEAN Tourist Arrivals by Host Countries, Graphic VIII.8 Share of Intra and Extra-ASEAN Visitor Arrivals to ASEAN Countries, Graphic VIII.9 Trend in Visitor Arrivals in ASEAN 5 by Country, Graphic VIII.10 Trend in Visitor Arrivals in BCLMV by Country, Graphic IX.1 Graphic IX.2 Graphic IX.3 Graphic IX.4 Share of ASEAN 6 Major Markets of Agricultural Commodities, Share of ASEAN 6 Major Markets of Agricultural Commodities, Share of ASEAN 6 Major Origins of Agricultural Commodities, Share of ASEAN 6 Major Origins of Agricultural Commodities, Graphic XI.1 Trend of HDI, Graphic XI.2 Percentage of Population below $1 PPP and $2 PPP Poverty Line 273 Graphic XI.3 Proportion of Children under 15 Who are Working 276 xvii

20 Glossary Notations: National Currency: Not available na Not applicable 0 less than Brunei Darussalam: B $ (Brunei dollar) 2 Cambodia: Riel 3 Indonesia: Rp (Rupiah) 4 Lao PDR: Kips 5 Malaysia: RM (Ringgit Malaysia) 6 Myanmar: Kyats 7 The Philippines: Pesos 8 Singapore: S $ (Singapore dollar) 9 Thailand: Baht 10 Viet Nam: Dong Measurement Units: bn billion cap capita cu m cubic meter ha hectare kg kilogram km kilometer kwh kilowatt-hour m meter mn million mt metric ton sq m square meter sq km square kilometer 000 thousand TEUs ton equivalent units xviii

21 Abbreviations and Acronyms: ACE ASEAN Centre for Energy ADB Asian Development Bank ASCU ASEAN Surveillance Coordinating Unit ATE Average Total Employment BOP Balance of Payment cif cost, insurance and freight ESCAP Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific FAO Food and Agriculture Organisation fob free on board GDP gross domestic product GNP gross national product HS Harmonised System IMF International Monetary Fund PPP purchasing power parity SITC Standard International Trade Classification UN United Nations WB World Bank National Statistical Office (NSO) 1 Brunei Darussalam: Department of Statistics, Department of Economic and Planning and Development 2 Cambodia: National Institute of Statistics (NIS) 3 Indonesia: BPS-Statistics Indonesia 4 Lao PDR: National Statistical Center 5 Malaysia: Department of Statistics Malaysia 6 Myanmar: Central Statistical Organisation (CSO) 7 The Philippines: National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB) and National Statistical Office (NSO) 8 Singapore: Singapore Department of Statistics 9 Thailand: National Statistical Office (NSO) 10 Viet Nam: General Statistical Office (GSO) xix

22 Definitions: Transport: Pax-Km Freight-Km Cargo Thruput (Mn) Cargo Thruput (TEUs) Freight Traffic ( 000 ton) Trade: Extra-ASEAN Export Extra-ASEAN Import Intra-ASEAN Export Intra-ASEAN Import the total multiplying of total passenger by the total travelled distance the total multiplying of total carried freight (kg or ton) by the total travelled distance number of cargoes going through port (million, usually: ton) number of cargoes going through port in Twenty - Foot Equivalent Unit total number of loading and unloading in Thousand Tons Unit export of ASEAN member countries to other major trading partners import of ASEAN member countries from other major trading partners export of ASEAN member countries to other ASEAN member countries Import of ASEAN member countries from other ASEAN member countries xx

23 Chapter I Population and Demography 1

24 Table I.1. Number of Mid Year Population Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia 6,590 8,600 10,200 10,702 10,368 Indonesia 147, , , , ,518 Lao PDR 3,185 4,077 4,575 4,728 4,846 Malaysia 13,745 18,102 20,689 21,169 21,666 Myanmar 33,610 40,786 44,744 45,565 46,402 The Philippines 45,502 57,308 68,349 69,952 71,550 Singapore 2,414 3,047 3,526 3,670 3,794 Thailand 46,961 54,549 57,498 58,106 58,722 Viet Nam **) 66,017 71,996 73,157 74,307 ASEAN 299, , , , ,487 Table I.2. Population Growth Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam ASEAN Sources: 1. Yearbook of Brunei Darussalam 1998 and 1999 and Brunei Darussalam Key Indicators, 2000 and 2001; Yearbook of Cambodia 2000 and General Population Census of Cambodia, 1998, Provisional Population Total; Yearbook of Indonesia 1996,1997, 1999, 2000 and 2001; Yearbook of Malaysia 1997 and Siaran Perangkaan Bulanan Malaysia, 2001, Malaysia Statistics Handbook 2002, Malaysia Monthly Statistical Bulletin, Nov 2002, Malaysia Statistical yearbook 2001; Yearbook of Myanmar 1998, 2000 and 2001; Yearbook of Philippine 2000, 2001 and website (for year 2000); Yearbook of Thailand 1996, 2001 and Key Statistics of Thailand, 2000, Thailand in Figures 2002; Yearbook of Singapore 2001, 2002; and Yearbook of Viet Nam 1995, 2000 and ASEAN Secretariat, ASCU database. 3. ASEAN in Figures (6) 2

25 of ASEAN Countries, (National Estimates, in million) *) 2003 *) Latest Population Census (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) ,437 11,599 12,200 13,099 13,341 13,588 11, , , , , , , ,843 4,967 5,091 5,218 5,348 5,491 5,637 n.a 22,180 22,712 23,275 23,795 24,249 24,711 22,203 48,160 49,133 50,125 51,138 52,313 53,515 41,552 73,148 74,746 76,348 77, , , ,499 3,922 3,951 4,018 4, , , ,018 59,344 59,972 60,607 61, , , ,607 75,456 76,597 77,635 78, , , , , , , , , ,787 in ASEAN, *) 2003 *) Latest Population Census (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) Notes: 1) Brunei Darussalam, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore and The Philippines: from ASCU Database and ASEAN in Figures Malaysia 2001: Statistical Yearbook of Malaysia, ) Indonesia and Thailand: computed based on the 1990 and 2000 Census figures, using extrapolation. 3) 2001 figures: Countries' Statistical Yearbook/Indicators/web sites; except for Indonesia and Thailand which were based on census. 4) 2002 and 2003 figures: as proxies, the figures were computed based on the average rate of growth of , for Brunei Darussalam, Lao PDR, Myanmar, The Philippines, Singapore, and Viet Nam; and based on annual rate of growth of latest two censuses, for Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. 5) Brunei 1980: as a proxy, the figure was estimated based on the average rate of growth of ) Lao PDR 1980 and 1990: as proxies, the figures were estimated based on the average rate of growth of ) Latest Censuses: Brunei Darussalam-1990; Cambodia-1998; Indonesia-2000; Malaysia-2001; Myanmar-1990 and 1999 Fertility Survey; The Philippines-2001; Singapore-2002; Thailand-2000; Viet Nam Population and Housing Census. *) See note number 4). **) Viet Nam 1980: the 1979 figure was used. (13) 3

26 Table I.3. Population Density, Country Total Pop. Density (per Sq. Km) Rank of Pop. Area ( 000 Sq. Km) Density in (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia 1, Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore ,658 4,618 6,088 6,055 1 Thailand Viet Nam ASEAN 4, Sources: 1) Yearbook of Brunei Darussalam 1998 and 1999 and Brunei Darussalam Key Indicators, 2000 and 2001; Yearbook of Cambodia 2000 and General Population Census of Cambodia, 1998, Provisional Population Total; Yearbook of Indonesia 1996,1997, 1999, 2000 and 2001; Yearbook of Malaysia 1997 and Siaran Perangkaan Bulanan Malaysia, 2001, Malaysia Statistics Handbook 2002, Malaysia Monthly Statistical Bulletin, Nov 2002, Malaysia Statistical yearbook 2001; Yearbook of Myanmar 1998, 2000 and 2001; Yearbook of Philippine 2000, 2001 and website (for year 2000); Yearbook of Thailand 1996, 2001 and Key Statistics of Thailand, 2000, Thailand in Figures 2002; Yearbook of Singapore 2001, 2002; and Yearbook of Viet Nam 1995, 2000 and ) ASEAN Secretariat, ASCU database. 3) ASEAN in Figures Notes: 1. Derived from Table I.1 and figures on land area. 2. For Singapore, the figure used for land area prior to 2001 was 660 Sq km. Graphic I.1. Population Density of ASEAN Countries,

27 Table I.4. Population by Sex, 2001 Country Number ( 000) Percentage Male Female Total Male Female Total Sex Ratio (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia 6,312 6,787 13, Indonesia 104, , , Lao PDR 2,672 2,677 5, Malaysia 12,062 11,733 23, Myanmar 24,910 25,220 51, The Philippines 39,242 38,684 77, Singapore 1,656 1,663 4, Thailand 31,348 31,566 61, Viet Nam 38,684 40,002 78, ASEAN 261, , , Sources: 1) Brunei Darussalam Key Indicators, 2000 and 2001; Website of National Institute of Statistics of Cambodia 2000; Mothly Statistical Bulletin of Malaysia, Nov 2002; Yearbook of Myanmar 2001; Yearbook of The Philippines 2001; Yearbook of Singapore, 2002; Keys Statistics of Thailand, 2001; and Yearbook of Viet Nam ) Population Division of the United Nations Secretariat (percentage population by sex for Indonesia and Lao PDR). 3) ASEAN Secretariat, ASCU database. Table I.5. Urban Population, Country (1) Urban Population as % of Total Population 2001 (5) Rate of Annual Growth of Urban Population Rank of % of Urban Pop. In (2) (3) (4) (6) (7) (8) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam ASEAN Sources: 1) Asian Development Bank, Growth and Changes In Asia and the Pacific "KEY INDICATORS", 2001 and ) Population Division of the United Nations Secretariat (for Brunei 2000). 3) Statistical Yearbook of Viet Nam 2001; Statistical Yearbook of Singapore 2002; Thailand in Figures Notes: ASEAN figures is estimated based on Member Countries figures. ASEAN figures are excluding Brunei Darussalam 5

28 Table I.6. Population by Age Group, 2001 Country Number ( 000) in 2001 Percentage < >60 Total < >60 Total (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia 5,633 7, , Indonesia 62, ,652 10, , Lao PDR 2,246 2, , Malaysia 7,880 14, , Myanmar 16,760 30,318 4,060 51, The Philippines 27,765 45,304 4,857 77, Singapore 882 2, , Thailand 15,442 40,116 5,690 61, Viet Nam 26,753 47,211 4,721 78, ASEAN 166, ,572 31, , Sources: 1) Statistical Yearbook of Myanmar 2001, Statistical Yearbook of The Philippines 2001; Statistical Yearbook of Singapore 2002; Siaran Perangkaan Bulanan Malaysia, Mei 2001 and Nov 2002; Malaysia Statistics Handbook 2002 and Brunei Darussalam Key Indicators, ) Indonesia, Viet Nam and Cambodia, Total Population are taken from Statistical Yearbook of Indonesia 2001, Statistical Yearbook of Viet Nam 2001 and 1998 Population Census of Cambodia; and composition of age group is taken from ADB Key Indicators ) Lao PDR figures are estimated based on the percentage of population by age group from ADB Key Indicators Graphic I.2. ASEAN Population by Age Group,

29 Chapter II Education, Health and Reproduction 7

30 8

31 Table II.1. Adult Literacy Rate, Country Sex (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Brunei Darussalam M F Cambodia M F Indonesia M F Lao PDR M F Malaysia M F Myanmar M F The Philipines M F Singapore M F Thailand M F Viet Nam M F Sources: 1) Yearbook of Brunei Darussalam 1999; Yearbook of Cambodia 2000: Yearbook of Indonesia 2000; Yearbook of Malaysia 1997: Yearbook of Myanmar 1998; Yearbook of The Philippines 2000; Yearbook of Thailand 1996: Yearbook of Singapore 2001; and Yearbook of Vietnam ) Siaran Perangkaan Bulanan Malaysia, 1998,1999, 2000, and ) Statistical Indicators for Asia and Pacific, Vol XXXI, No.2, June ) ADB Key Indicators, 2001, Note: 1. Adult Literacy Rate refers to

32 Table II.2. Net Enrollment Ratio in Primary School, by Sex, Country Sex (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Brunei Darussalam M ) ) F Cambodia M F Indonesia M F Lao PDR 2) M F Malaysia M ) F ) Myanmar 2) M F The Philipines M ) 96.8 F ) 97.2 Singapore M F Thailand M 87 4) F 86 4) Viet Nam M 78 5) ) F ) Source: ASEAN in Figures Taken from various sources: Brunei Darussalam - Ministry of Education. Indonesia Education Statistics, Welfare Indicator, National Socio Economic Survey. Malaysia Ministry of Education. Myanmar Department of Education Planning and Training. Singapore Students Register. Thailand School Reports. Notes: 1) 1991 figure, both sexes. 2) Both sexes 3) 1991 figure 4) 1996 figure 5) 1993 figure, both sexes 6) 1998 figure 10

33 Table II.3. Net Enrollment Ratio in Secondary School, by Sex, Country Sex (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Brunei Darussalam M ) ) F Cambodia M F Indonesia M F Lao PDR 2) M 77.3 F Malaysia M ) F ) Myanmar 2) M F The Philipines M ) ) 62.7 F ) 68.2 Singapore M F Thailand M ) F ) Viet Nam M ) ) F ) Source: ASEAN in Figures Taken from various sources: Brunei Darussalam - Ministry of Education. Indonesia Education Statistics, Welfare Indicator, National Socio Economic Survey. Malaysia Ministry of Education. Myanmar Department of Education Planning and Training. Singapore Students Register. Thailand School Reports. Notes: 1) 1991 figure, both sexes. 2) Both sexes 3) 1991 figure 4) 1996 figure 5) 1993 figure, both sexes 6) 1998 figure 11

34 Table II.4. Ratio of Girls to Boys in Primary and Secondary School Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Primary School Brunei Darussalam 66 1) Cambodia 81 5) Indonesia Lao PDR 79 3) Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines 95 2) Singapore Thailand 95 3) Viet Nam 85 1) Secondary School Brunei Darussalam 72 1) Cambodia 58 5) Indonesia Lao PDR 65 3) Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines 106 2) Singapore Thailand 98 4) Viet Nam 84 1) ) Source: ASEAN In Figures Taken from various sources: Brunei Darussalam - Ministry of Education. Myanmar - Department of Education Planning and Training. Singapore - Students Register. Notes: Malaysia, Myanmar and Singapore: percentage of girls to boys enrolled. 1) 1991 figure 2) 1993 figure 3) 1996 figure 4) 1992 figure 5) 1997 figure 6) 1998 figure 12

35 Table II.5. Pupil-Teacher Ratio in Primary and Secondary School Latest Year Country Primary School Secondary School Primary School Secondary School Primary School Secondary School Year (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Source: ADB, KEY INDICATORS, Table II.6. Crude Birth Ratio (CBR), Crude Death Ratio (CDR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) of ASEAN Countries, 1998 and 2000 Country CBR CDR IMR CBR CDR IMR (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Sources: 1) Yearbook of Brunei Darussalam 1999; Yearbook of Cambodia 2000: Yearbook of Indonesia 2000; Yearbook of Myanmar 1998; Yearbook of Philippine 2000; Yearbook of Singapore 2001; Yearbook of Vietnam 2000; and Siaran Perangkaan Bulanan Malaysia, 1998, 1999, 2000 and ) United Nations, Statistical Indicators for Asia and Pacific, June 2001 (for 1998 CBR and CDR of Thailand and Vietnam). 3) UN Secretariat, Population Division and Statistical Division (for 1998 IMR of Cambodia, Lao PDR and Myanmar; and IMR estimates for 2000 except for Malaysia and Singapore). 4) ESCAP website, for 2000 CBR and CDR figures, except for Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore. 5) ADB KEY INDICATORS, 2001,

36 Table II.7. Total Fertility Rate (TFR), Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (CPR) and Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR), Country Total Fertility Rate CPR MMR (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia ) Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar ) The Philippines Singapore Thailand ) Viet Nam Source: ADB KEY INDICATORS, 2001, Notes: 1. Total Fertility Rate (births per woman). 2. Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (% of married women years). 3. Maternal Mortality Ratio (per 1,000,000 live births). 1) figures Table II.8. Life Expectancy at Birth by Sex, 1998 and 2000 Country Male Female Male Female (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Sources: 1) Yearbook of Brunei Darussalam 1999; Yearbook of Cambodia 2000: Yearbook of Indonesia 2000;Yearbook of Philippine 2000: Yearbook of Singapore 2001; Yearbook of Vietnam 2000; and Siaran Perangkaan Bulanan Malaysia,1998, 1999, 2000 and ) United Nations, Statistical Indicators for Asia and Pacific March 2000, and ) UN Secretariat, Population Division and Statistical Division ( for life expectancy ratio 2000, except for Malaysia, The Philippines and Singapore; and life expectancy ratio 1998 for Lao PDR and Myanmar). 4) ADB Key Economic Indicators, 2001,

37 Table II.9. Immunization Againts Measles and DPT Among Children of 1 Year Old (%) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Measles Brunei Darussalam 100 1) 100 3) Cambodia ) 55.4 Indonesia ) Lao PDR 43.1 Malaysia ) Myanmar The Philippines Singapore ) Thailand Viet Nam ) DPT Brunei Darussalam Cambodia ) 48.8 Indonesia ) Lao PDR ) 52.8 Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam ) 97.8 Source: ASEAN in Figures Taken from various sources: Brunei Darussalam - Ministry of Health. Cambodia - National Health Survey 1998; Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 200. Lao PDR - MICS 1996; MICS Malaysia - Ministry of Health. Myanmar - Ministry of Health. The Philippines - Field Health Service Information System. Singapore - administrative reports. Thailand - Hospital reporting. Viet Nam - Demographic and Health Survey 197 and MICS Notes: 1) 1991 figure 2) 1992 figure 3) 1996 figure 4) 1998 figure 5) 1997 figure Singapore: proportion of children aged 2, immunized. 15

38 Table II.10. Malaria and Tuberculosis Prevelance/Incidence Rate, per 100,000 Population Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Malaria Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar 1,342 1,362 The Philippines ) 67 Singapore Thailand ) Viet Nam Tuberculosis Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines ) 175 Singapore Thailand 51 1) Viet Nam Source: ASEAN in Figures Taken from various sources: Malaysia - Hospital Reports. Myanmar - Department of Health Planning, Ministry of Health and National Tuberculosis Program, Department of Health. Thailand - Hospital Records (excluding Bangkok). Viet Nam - Malaria Control Program. Notes: 1) 1992 figure 2) 1998 figure Malaysia, and Viet Nam: Incidence rate. Myanmar, The Philippines, and Thailand: prevalence rate. Singapore and Brunei Darussalam had been recognized as malaria free by WHO since 1982 and 1987, respectively. 16

39 Table II.11. HIV Prevalence Rate Among Year Old People, by Sex Country Female Male (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) High Estimates Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam (%) Low Estimates Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Source: ASEAN in Figures Taken from UNAIDS 2000,

40 Table II.12. Propotion of Population with Access to Safe Drinking Water and Access to Improved Sanitation, (%) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Access to Safe Drinking Water Brunei Darussalam 100 Cambodia 60 1) Indonesia 56 2) Lao PDR 8 14 Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines 90 3) 75 Singapore Thailand ) 92 Viet Nam 98 2) 86 4) Access to Improved Sanitation Brunei Darussalam 100 Cambodia 23 1) Indonesia 26 2) Lao PDR Malaysia 93 5) Myanmar The Philippines ) Singapore Thailand ) 98 Viet Nam Source: ASEAN in Figures Taken from various sources: Cambodia - Socio Economic Survey of Cambodia 1996 and 1999, and Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 200. Malaysia - Water Works Department and Rural Environment Sanitation Program (RESP), and Population and Housing Census Myanmar - Joint Monitoring Programme ; WHO Sector Digest 1995; MICS 1997; Department of Health 1999, Philppines - National Demographic and Health Survey Singapore - Public Utilites Board records, and administrative records. Thailand - Population and Housing Census 1990 and 2000; Housing Survey Viet Nam - Living Standard survey and and MICS 2000; and Multi-purpose Household Survey 1994 and 1995; and Census Notes: 1) 1996 figure 2) 1992 figure 3) 1998 figure 4) 1997 figure 5) 1995 figure 18

41 Chapter III Labor and Employment 19

42 Table III.1. Unemployment Rate and Country Unemployment Rate of 15 Years and Over (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia a) Lao PDR 1.7 1) Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam*) Table III.2. Number of Unemployment Country Number of Unemployment (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Brunei Darussalam *) Cambodia 190 Indonesia 4,408 4,197 5,063 6,030 5,813 8,005 Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar **) The Philippines 2,195 2,377 3,016 2,997 3,133 Singapore Thailand ,474 1,400 1,200 1, Viet Nam ***) Sources: 1) Statistical Yearbook of Indonesia, 1999, 2000, 2001; Yearbook of Cambodia, 2000; Yearbook of The Philippines, 2000, 2001; Yearbook of Singapore, 2001, 2002: Yearbook of Vietnam 2000,2001; Siaran Perangkaan Bulanan Malaysia ; Key Indicators of Thailand 2000, 2001; Key Indicators of Brunei Darussalam 2000, ) ASEAN Secretariat, ASCU database. 3) ADB, Growth and Change in Asia and the Pacific "KEY INDICATORS", 2001, ) Buku Maklumat Perangkaan (Statistics Handbook) Malaysia, 2001 (for LFPR of Malaysia, 1998, 1999 and 2000). 5) ASEAN in Figures Notes: *) unemployment rate only in urban areas. 1) 1995 figure 2) 1993 figure 20

43 Labor Force Participation Rate, (%) Labor Force Participation Rate (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) ) b) 72.2 b) ) 86.4 and Labor Force, Labor Force (In Thousand) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) ,975 89,603 92,735 94,847 95,651 98,812 8,616 8,784 8,884 9,152 9,616 9,750 9, ,637 30,265 31,278 32,000 30,908 1,802 1,876 1,932 1,976 2,192 2,119 2,128 32,544 33,339 32,719 32,472 33,150 34,060 a) 34,594 a) Sources: 1) Statistical Yearbook of Indonesia, 1999, 2000, 2001; Yearbook of The Philippines, 2000, 2001; Yearbook of Singapore, 2001, 2002: Yearbook of Vietnam 2000, 2001; Siaran Perangkaan Bulanan Malaysia ; Key Indicators of Thailand 2000, 2001; Key Indicators of Brunei Darussalam 2000, 2001; 1998 Population Census of Cambodia. 2) ASEAN Secretariat, ASCU database. 3) Buku Maklumat Perangkaan (Statistics Handbook) Malaysia, ) ADB, Growth and Change in Asia and Pacific, KEY INDICATORS, 2001, ) ILO/National Statistical Offices, as quoted in the International Marketing Data & Statistics 2000, Euromonitor table 0602 Notes: *) Figures for and 2000 were computed using the unemployment rate and labor force figures. **) in million. ***) unemployment rate only in urban areas. a) Q

44 Table III.3. Labor Force Participation Rates by Sex, (%) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Male Brunei Darussalam ) Cambodia Indonesia ) Lao PDR 69.4 Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam ) ) Female Brunei Darussalam ) Cambodia Indonesia 50.72) Lao PDR 71.2 Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam 84 3) 86 4) Source: ASEAN in Figures Taken from various sources: Brunei Darussalam -Census of Population and Labor Force Survey Cambodia - Cambodia Socio-Economic Survey , 1996, 1997, 1999; Demographic Survey 95/96; 1998 Population Census of Cambodia; and Labor Force Survey November 200 and Indonesia - National Labor Force Survey. Lao PDR - Census Malaysia - Quarterly Labor Force Survey. Myamar - Department of Labor. The Philippines - October Labor Force Survey. Singapore and 2000 Census of Population; 1995 General Household Survey; , and 2001 Labor Force Survey. Thailand - Labor Force Survey. Viet Nam - Viet Nam Living Standards Survey 1993 and Notes: 1) 1991 figure. 2) 1996 figure. 3) 1993 figure. 4) 1998 figure. 22

45 Table III.4. Unemployment Rate of People 15 Years and Older, by Sex, (%) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Male Brunei Darussalam 3.6 1) Cambodia Indonesia 4.2 2) Lao PDR 1.7 Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Female Brunei Darussalam 6.8 1) Cambodia Indonesia 5.9 2) Lao PDR 1.7 Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Source: ASEAN in Figures Taken from various sources: Brunei Darussalam -Census of Population and Labor Force Survey Cambodia - Cambodia Socio-Economic Survey , 1996, 1997, 1999; Demographic Survey 95/96; 1998 Population Census of Cambodia; and Labor Force Survey November 200 and Indonesia - National Labor Force Survey. Lao PDR - Census Malaysia - Quarterly Labor Force Survey. Myamar - Department of Labor. The Philippines - October Labor Force Survey. Singapore and 2000 Census of Population; 1995 General Household Survey; , and 2001 Labor Force Survey. Thailand - Labor Force Survey. Viet Nam - Viet Nam Living Standards Survey 1993 and Notes: 1) 1991 figure. 2) 1996 figure. 23

46 Table III.5. Unemployment Rate of People Years Old, by Sex, (%) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Male Brunei Darussalam ) *) 17.7 *) Cambodia 1.22) Indonesia Lao PDR 6.4 Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Female Brunei Darussalam Cambodia 1.4 2) Indonesia Lao PDR 3.9 Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Source: ASEAN in Figures Taken from various sources: Brunei Darussalam -Census of Population and Labor Force Survey Cambodia - Cambodia Socio-Economic Survey , 1996, 1997, 1999; Demographic Survey 95/96; 1998 Population Census of Cambodia; and Labor Force Survey November 200 and Indonesia - National Labor Force Survey. Lao PDR - Census Malaysia - Quarterly Labor Force Survey. Myamar - Department of Labor. The Philippines - October Labor Force Survey. Singapore and 2000 Census of Population; 1995 General Household Survey; , and 2001 Labor Force Survey. Thailand - Labor Force Survey. Viet Nam - Viet Nam Living Standards Survey 1993 and Notes: 1) 1991 figure. 2) 1996 figure. *) Both sexes. 24

47 Graphic III.1. Unemployment Rate of Males Years Old, Graphic III.2. Unemployment Rate of Females Years Old,

48 Table III.6. Number of Employment Country Year (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia , , Indonesia , , , , , ,497.2 Lao PDR Malaysia , , , , Myanmar , , The Philippines , , , , , ,506.0 Singapore Thailand , , , , , ,287.3 Viet Nam Table III.7. Percentage of Employment Country Year (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Sources: 1) Statistical Yearbook of Brunei Darussalam 1999, Yearbook of Cambodia, 2000; Yearbook of Indonesia, 1996, 2000, 2001; Yearbook of Malaysia, 1996 and Siaran Perangkaan Bulanan Malaysia, Mei 2001; Yearbook of The Philippines, 2000, 2001; Yearbook of Singapore, 1998, 2001, 2002; Yearbook of Thailand, 1996 and Key Statistics of Thailand, 2000; and Yearbook of Viet Nam, 2000, ) ADB, Growth and change in Asia and the Pacific KEY INDICATORS, 2001,

49 by Major Industry Group (In Thousand) Total (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , *) , *) , , , , ,414.2 by Major Industry Group Total (%) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) *) *) Notes: *) Categories 6 and 7 are combined: 1. Agriculture, Forestry, Hunting, Fisheries. 2. Manufacturing Industry. 3. Construction. 4. Wholesales Trade, Retail Trade, Restaurants and Hotels. 5. Transportation, Storage, Communication. 6. Finance, Insurance, Real Estate and Business Services. 7. Public Services. 8. Others (Mining, Electricity, Gas and Water). 27

50 Table III.8. Number of Employment Occupation Indonesia (1999) Malaysia (2000) (1) (2) (3) 1. Proffesionals, technical and Related Workers 2. Administrative, Executive and Managerial Workers 3, Clerical and Related Workers 4, Sales Workers 16, , Service Workers 4, , Agricultural, Animal Husbandry and Forestry Workers; Fishermen and Hunters 38, , Production and Related Workers, Transport Equipment Operators and 21, ,057.5 Laborers 8. Others Total 88, ,321.7 Table III.9. Percentage of Employment Occupation Indonesia (1999) Malaysia (2000) (1) (2) (3) 1. Proffesionals, Technical and Related Workers 2. Administrative, Executive and Managerial Workers Clerical and Related Workers Sales Workers Service Workers Agricultural, Animal Husbandry and Forestry Workers; Fishermen and Hunters Production and Related Workers, Transport Equipment Operators and Laborers 8. Others Total Source: Statistical Yearbook of The Philippines 2000, Yearbook of Singapore 2001; Key Statistics of Thailand 2000; Siaran Perangkaan Bulanan Malaysia, Mei 2001, Sakernas 1999, BPS Indonesia. 28

51 by Occupation (In Thousand) The Philippines (1999) Singapore (2000) Thailand (1999) (4) (5) (6) 1, , , , , , , ,763 11, , , , , , , by Occupation (%) The Philippines (1999) Singapore (2000) Thailand (1999) (4) (5) (6)

52 30

53 Chapter IV Macro Economy 31

54 Table IV.1. GDP at Current and Constant Market Prices Country GDP at Current Prices (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia 8,886 9,927 11,609 13,131 13,810 14,544 15,667 Indonesia 532, , ,753 1,099,732 1,264,919 1,449,398 1,610,012 Lao PDR 1,726 2,201 4,240 10,304 13,671 15,705 18,390 Malaysia Myanmar 792 1,120 1,610 2,190 2,408 2,907 The Philippines 2,172 2,427 2,678 2,977 3,308 3,674 4,023 Singapore Thailand 4,611 4,733 4,626 4,637 4,917 5,123 5,433 Viet Nam 272, , , , , , ,098 Source: ASEAN ASCU Database. Table IV.2. Rate of Economic (GDP at Constant Price) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar 1) The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam ASEAN ASEAN BCLMV Source: ASEAN ASCU Database. Notes: 1. ASEAN GDP growth is calculated as a weighted average using PPP-GDP share as used in the IMF-WEO Database of April Figures for are taken from the IMF-WEO Database of April 2003 (Indonesia is from the BPS Statistics Indonesia). 3. ASEAN 5 covers Indonesia, Malaysia, The Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. 4. BCLMV, stands for Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar and Viet Nam 1) Myanmar 2002: forecast by Economic Inteligent Unit. (5) (6) 32

55 in Billion of National Currency, (Billions of National Currency) GDP at Constant Prices (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) ,769 11,231 11,647 12,903 13,810 14,593 15, , , , , , , , ,065 1,127 1,192 1, ,002 1, ,115 3,073 2,750 2,872 3,005 3,064 3, , , , , , , ,135 Growth, and First Quarter of 2003 (%) Q (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 33

56 Graphic IV.1. Rate of GDP Growth in ASEAN,

57 Graphic IV.2. Rate of GDP Growth in ASEAN 5, Graphic IV.3. Rate of GDP Growth in BCLMV,

58 Table IV.3. GDP per Capita at Current Market Prices in US Dollar, Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Brunei Darussalam 17,096 16,227 11,961 12,670 12,751 12,053 12,090 Cambodia Indonesia 1,167 1, Lao PDR Malaysia 4,766 4,672 3,257 3,485 3,874 3,697 3,914 Myanmar The Philippines 1,184 1, , Singapore 25,127 25,147 20,892 20,611 22,757 20,553 20,515 Thailand 3,134 2,656 1,900 2,046 2,026 1,884 2,043 Viet Nam ASEAN *) 1,054 1, ,079 1,125 1,050 1,144 Source: ASEAN ASCU Database. Notes: 1. Using period average exchange rate. 2. Myanmar figures are calculated using the exchange rates as used in the IMF-WEO Database of April *) As a proxy, the combined GDP of ASEAN is computed as the sum of GDP of ASEAN Member Countries, and GDP per capita as GDP/number of population. (US$) Table IV.4. GDP at Current Market Prices in Million of US Dollar, Source: ASEAN ASCU Database. Notes: 1. Using period average exchange rate. 2. Myanmar figures are calculated using the exchange rates as used in the IMF-WEO Database of April *) As a proxy, the combined GDP of ASEAN is computed as the sum of GDP of ASEAN Member Countries. (US$ Million) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Brunei Darussalam 5,216 5,102 3,865 4,190 4,315 4,152 4,278 Cambodia 3,341 3,320 3,064 3,432 3,570 3,702 3,984 Indonesia 227, ,702 97, , , , ,371 Lao PDR 1,860 1,627 1,214 1,415 1,736 1,744 1,805 Malaysia 100, ,213 72,237 79,149 90,161 87,976 94,910 Myanmar 4,956 4,657 6,931 9,253 9,212 6,338 5,445 The Philippines 82,840 82,764 65,548 76,076 74,837 71,985 77,614 Singapore 92,227 95,399 81,940 81,414 91,429 84,909 86,997 Thailand 182, , , , , , ,482 Viet Nam 24,658 26,843 27,209 28,677 31,319 32,881 35,099 ASEAN *) 725, , , , , , ,985 36

59 Graphic IV.4 GDP per Capita in US Dollar in ASEAN 5 during , as Compared to 1996 Graphic IV.5 GDP per Capita in US Dollar in BCLMV during , as Compared to

60 Table IV.5. GDP Share of Major Group Country 1996 Agriculture Industry Services A + I + S Agriculture (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Source: ASEAN ASCU Database. Note: In terms of Value the sum of Agriculture+Industries+Services may not agree with total GDP as some countries treat statistical discrepancy as a separate item. Based on GDP at constant prices. Table IV.6. Inflation Rates, Year-on-year End of Period, and Country Year-on-year End of Period (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia *) Indonesia **) Lao PDR *) Malaysia **) Myanmar The Philippines **) Singapore **) Thailand **) Viet Nam *) ASEAN ASEAN BCLMV Notes: As a proxy, ASEAN inflation is calculated as a weighted average using PPP-GDP share as used in the IMF-WEO Database, April *) Year-on-year first quarter 2003 **) Year-on-year second quarter

61 of Economic Sectors, (%) 2000 Industry Services A + I + S Agriculture Industry Services A + I + S (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) Year-on-year Average Period, (%) Year-on-year Average Period (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) *) **) *) **) **) **) **) *)

62 Graphic IV.6. Consumer Prices Index of ASEAN 5 during , as Compared to Indonesia Malaysia The Philippines Singapore Thailand Year Graphic IV.7. Consumer Prices Index of BCLMV during , as Compared to

63 Graphic IV.8. Rate of of Change of Foreign Exchange Rate in ASEAN 5, Graphic IV.9. Rate of of Change of Foreign Exchange Rate in BCLMV,

64 Table IV.7. Consumer Price Index Country End of Period Q2 *) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Source: ASEAN ASCU Database. Note: *) Cambodia, Lao PDR and Viet Nam: 2003 Q1 figure. Table IV.8. Foreign Exchange Rates Country End of Period Q2 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia 3,506 3,791 3,795 3,909 3,905 3,942 Indonesia 4,650 8,025 7,100 9,595 10,400 8,940 8,285 Lao PDR 1,794 4,208 7,753 8,355 9,490 10,705 Malaysia Myanmar *) The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam 12,292 13,890 14,028 14,514 15,084 15,368 Source: ASEAN ASCU Database. Note: *) Myanmar figures are based on the exchange rates used in the IMF-WEO Database of April End of period figure is not available. Average for the year is computed as a simple average of the quarterly averages. 42

65 , and Second Quarter of 2003 Average of the Period Q2 (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) , and Second Quarter of Average of the Period (National Currency per US$) Q2 (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) ,990 3,789 3,827 3,868 3,929 3,932 2,909 10,014 7,855 8,422 10,250 9,318 8,488 1,353 3,493 7,280 7,875 9,008 10, ,684 13,268 13,943 14,168 14,622 15,264 43

66 Graphic IV.10. ASEAN 5 National Currency to US Dollar during , as Compared to the 1996 Level 44

67 Graphic IV.11. BCLMV National Currency to US Dollar during , as Compared to the 1996 Level 45

68 Table IV.9. Interest Rates, End of the Period Country 3-Month Deposits Q1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Source: ASEAN ASCU Database. Table IV.10. Money Growth, Year-on-year End of the Period Country M Q1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia *) Myanmar The Philippines *) Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Source: ASEAN ASCU Database. Note: M1 instead of M2 for Malaysia and M4 for The Philippines. 46

69 and First Quarter of 2003 (%) 1997 Minimum Lending Rate Q1 (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) and First Quarter of M Q1 (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (%) 47

70 Table IV.11. Reserve Money, and First Quarter of 2003 (Million of National Currency) Country Q1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia 449, , , ,867 1,161,010 1,359,610 1,980,660 2,028,780 Indonesia 34,405,000 46,086,000 75,121, ,790, ,615, ,769, ,250,000 12,5210,000 Lao PDR 104, , , , , ,360 1,079,000 Malaysia 64,559 82,896 36,178 45,675 41,372 40,023 42,582 43,143 Myanmar 164, , , , , ,723 The Philippines 243, , , , , , , ,435 Singapore 18,189 19,200 16,641 21,395 18,471 20,032 19,969 19,958 Thailand 452, , , , , , , ,554 Viet Nam 32,115,300 35,629,680 38,687,560 58,219,500 72,758,800 84,945,400 95,500,000 Source: ASEAN ASCU Database. 48

71 Table IV.12. Current Account Balance as a Percentage of GDP, (%) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Source: ASEAN ASCU Database. Table IV.13. Current Account Balance in Million of US Dollar, Source: ASEAN ASCU Database. Notes: Computed using period average exchange rate. Myanmar figures are calculated using the exchange rates as used in the IMF-WEO Database of April (US$ Million) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Brunei Darussalam 2,828 2,625 2,079 2,629 4,007 3,765 3,708 Cambodia Indonesia -7,663-4,889 4,096 5,785 7,985 6,899 7,257 Lao PDR Malaysia -4,456-6,232 9,560 12,604 8,410 7,286 9,155 Myanmar The Philippines -3,953-4,351 1,546 7,910 9,349 4,507 4,197 Singapore 13,975 14,946 18,540 15,192 13,291 16,114 18,740 Thailand -14,350-3,110 14,291 12,466 9,328 6,236 7,631 Viet Nam -2,020-1,528-1,074 1,

72 Table IV.14. Service Balance of ASEAN Countries in Million of US Dollar, Source: ASEAN ASCU Database. Notes: Balance of Payment data. Myanmar figures are based on exchange rates as used by the IMF-WEO of April (US$ Million) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia -8,540-9,666-7,482-6,974-9,798-10,380-10,706 Lao PDR Malaysia -2,678-2,847-1,884-2,816-2,951-2,202-1,602 Myanmar The Philippines 3,518 1,015-2,630-2,713-1,906-1,939-1,264 Singapore 8,351 7,548 2,867 2,423 2,169 1,969 2,406 Thailand 4,425 4,493 5,234 5,814 4,650 4,473 4,889 Viet Nam Table IV.15. FDI Approval of ASEAN Countries in Million of US Dollar, Source: ASEAN ASCU Database. Notes: Balance of Payment data. Myanmar figures are from the Central Bank of Myanmar. (US$ Million) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia 29,776 33,127 13,557 10,881 15,279 15,044 9,744 Lao PDR 1, Malaysia 6,823 4,096 3,266 3,229 5,223 4,953 2,949 Myanmar 2, The Philippines 3,869 8,978 4,251 2,762 5,896 4, Singapore 4,109 4,036 3,113 3,691 4,193 3,698 3,939 Thailand 20,902 15,687 6,965 4,299 6,925 5,990 3,785 Viet Nam 8,640 4,645 3,898 1,580 2,019 2,456 1,558 50

73 Table IV.16. Government Budget Deficit, as a Percentage of GDP, Source: ASEAN ASCU Database. Notes: 2001 and 2002: preliminary figures. (% of GDP) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Table IV.17. Government Budget Deficit, (Million of National Currency) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Brunei Darussalam , Cambodia -131,500-90, , , , , ,515 Indonesia 17,000 1,627,400-6,416,100-14,010,900-28,623,800-35,195,700-29,158,100 Lao PDR -90, , , , , , ,176 Malaysia 1,815 6,626-5,002-9,487-19,715-18,424-20,254 Myanmar -53,873-57,626-93, , , The Philippines 6,256 1,564-49, , , , ,683 Singapore 8,863 4,748 3,419 3,673 3,116 2,422-1,721 Thailand 43,304-71, , , , ,994-76,815 Viet Nam -502,000-5,397,000-1,796,000-6,328,000-12,402,000-12,142,000-12,926,000 Source: ASEAN ASCU Database. 51

74 52

75 Chapter V Merchandise Trade 53

76 Table V.1. ASEAN Exports by Country Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Brunei Darussalam , , , ,714.2 Cambodia Indonesia 36, , , , ,274.3 Malaysia 46, , , , ,457.6 Myanmar Philippines 11, , , , ,227.7 Singapore 74, , , , ,174.3 Thailand 37, , , , ,822.0 TOTAL *) 206, , , , ,670.1 ASEAN 6 206, , , , ,670.1 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database; Country Websites. Notes: ASEAN 6 covers Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. 1) Data was available in Baht: 2,955.7 Bn Baht (export) and 2,778.0 Bn Baht (import), converted using baht-us dollar exchange rate of Baht 43.00/US $. 2) January-June 2003 figure. *) Exclude Lao PDR and Viet Nam; data are not available. Table V.2. ASEAN Imports by Country Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Brunei Darussalam , , , ,310.7 Cambodia Indonesia 28, , , , ,679.8 Malaysia 44, , , , ,988.3 Myanmar Philippines 17, , , , ,932.5 Singapore 85, , , , ,972.7 Thailand 46, , , , ,087.8 TOTAL *) 223, , , , ,971.8 ASEAN 6 223, , , , ,971.8 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database; Country Websites. Notes: ASEAN 6 covers Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. 1) Philippines: preliminary figures. The revised figures are: (2000); (2001); and (2002). 2) Data was available in Baht: 2,955.7 Bn Baht (export) and 2,778.0 Bn Baht (import), converted using baht-us dollar exchange rate of Baht 43.00/US $. 3) January-June 2003 figure. *) Exclude Lao PDR and Viet Nam; data are not available. 54

77 and First Half 2003 (US$ Million) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 1, , , , , , , , , , ,159 30,352 2) 77, , , , ,283 44,531 2) , , , , , , ,208 17,069 2) 109, , , , ,085 49, , , , ,700 1) 316, , , , , , , , and First Half 2003 (US$ Million) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 1, , , , , , , , , , ,289 16,291 3) 60, , , , ,871 38,563 3) 1, , , , , ) 29, ,427 18,571 3) 101, , , , ,375 38, , , , ,600 2) 259, , , , , , , ,

78 Table V.3. Extra-ASEAN Exports Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Brunei Darussalam 1, , ,046.9 Cambodia Indonesia 31, , , ,534.4 Malaysia 33, , , ,552.5 Myanmar Philippines 10, , , ,562.7 Singapore 55, , , ,907.9 Thailand 31, , , ,783.2 TOTAL *) 162, , , ,387.6 ASEAN 6 162, , , ,387.6 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Notes: ASEAN 6 covers Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. *) Exclude Lao PDR and Viet Nam; data are not available. Table V.4. Intra-ASEAN Exports Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia 4, , , ,310.1 Malaysia 12, , , ,694.0 Myanmar Philippines , , ,970.3 Singapore 18, , , ,441.4 Thailand 6, , , ,111.5 TOTAL *) 43, , , ,973.7 ASEAN 6 43, , , ,973.7 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Notes: ASEAN 6 covers Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. *) Exclude Lao PDR and Viet Nam; data are not available. 56

79 by Country, (US$ Million) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 2, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,370.5 by Country, (US$ Million) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

80 Table V.5. Extra-ASEAN Imports Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Brunei Darussalam 1, , ,586.2 Cambodia Indonesia 25, , , ,069.4 Malaysia 35, , , ,620.8 Myanmar Philippines 15, , , ,380.8 Singapore 66, , , ,049.5 Thailand 41, , , ,688.4 TOTAL *) 184, , , ,395.0 ASEAN 6 184, , , ,395.0 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Notes: ASEAN 6 covers Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. *) Exclude Lao PDR and Viet Nam; data are not available. Table V.6. Intra-ASEAN Imports Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Brunei Darussalam ,013 2,849 Cambodia Indonesia 2, ,271 4,219 5,549 Malaysia 8, ,948 12,523 14,682 Myanmar Philippines 1, ,464 2,489 4,012 Singapore 18, ,167 24,538 27,362 Thailand 5, ,079 8,821 9,757 TOTAL *) 38,763 46,912 53,602 64,211 ASEAN 6 38,763 46,912 53,602 64,211 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Notes: ASEAN 6 covers Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. *) Exclude Lao PDR and Viet Nam; data are not available. 58

81 by Country, (US$ Million) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 1, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,683.5 by Country, (US$ Million) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) ,092 5,413 4,559 4,784 6,781 5,727 14,840 12,940 12,413 15,935 15, ,113 1,319 4,873 4,429 4,461 4,955 4,665 30,397 23,648 26,241 33,291 28,991 8,122 5,438 7,987 10,476 10,047 64,621 51,605 57,771 73,635 67,640 64,621 51,605 56,781 71,973 65,229 59

82 Graphic V.1. Trend of ASEAN 6 Total Exports and Imports, Graphic V.2. Trend of ASEAN 6 Extra-ASEAN Exports and Imports and Intra-ASEAN Exports and Imports,

83 Graphic V.3. Trend of ASEAN 6 Exports by Country, Graphic V.4. Trend of ASEAN 6 Total Imports by Country,

84 Graphic V.5. Trend of ASEAN 6 Extra-ASEAN Exports by Country, Graphic V.6. Trend of ASEAN 6 Extra-ASEAN Imports by Country,

85 Graphic V.7. Trend of ASEAN 6 Intra-ASEAN Exports by Country, Graphic V.8. Trend of ASEAN 6 Intra-ASEAN Imports by Country,

86 Graphic V.9. Shares of ASEAN 6 Extra and Intra-ASEAN Exports, Graphic V.10. Shares of ASEAN 6 Extra and Intra-ASEAN Imports,

87 Graphic V.11. Shares of ASEAN 6 Extra and Intra-ASEAN Exports by Country, Graphic V.12. Shares of ASEAN 6 Extra and Intra-ASEAN Imports by Country,

88 Table V.7. ASEAN Exports Country of Destination (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) ASEAN 43, , , ,973.7 Dialogue Partners: Hong Kong 10,571.0 South Korea 6, , , ,446.7 Taiwan 6, , , ,316.7 China 4, , , ,474.1 India 1, , , ,722.8 Pakistan , , ,245.9 Japan 30, , , ,150.3 EU-15 31, , , ,926.0 Austria Belgium 1, , , ,739.8 Denmark Finland France 2, , , ,915.9 Germany 6, , , ,728.5 Greece ,073.9 Ireland , ,732.5 Italy 1, , , ,796.4 Luxembourg Netherlands 4, , , ,703.4 Portugal Spain , , ,328.3 Sweden United Kingdom 11, , , ,275.7 Unspecified EU-15 Canada 1, , , ,988.2 USA 42, , , ,515.5 Australia 3, , , ,106.0 New Zealand Others 33, , , ,111.9 Total *) 206, , , ,361.3 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Notes: Unspecifed ASEAN represents imports of Singapore ( ) and Thailand ( ) to ASEAN of which the data are not available at detailed by country. *) Exclude Lao PDR and Viet Nam; data are not available 66

89 by Country of Destination, (US$ Million) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 85, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

90 Table V.8. Intra-ASEAN Exports by Country Country of Destination (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Brunei Darussalam , , ,008.5 Cambodia Indonesia , , ,264.9 Lao PDR Malaysia 12, , , ,130.8 Myanmar ,368.3 Philippines 18, , , ,071.7 Singapore 2, , , ,360.1 Thailand 6, , , ,546.2 Viet Nam 1, , , ,514.4 Unspecified ASEAN Intra-ASEAN 43, , , ,973.7 Extra-ASEAN 162, , , ,387.6 Total *) 206, , , ,361.3 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Notes: Unspecifed ASEAN represents imports of Singapore ( ) and Thailand ( ) to ASEAN of which the data are not available at detailed by country. *) Exclude Lao PDR and Viet Nam; data are not available 68

91 of Destination, (US$ Million) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 1, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

92 Table V.9. ASEAN Imports Country of Origin (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) ASEAN 38, , , ,211.2 Dialogue Partners: Hong Kong 5,355.9 South Korea 7, , , ,294.4 Taiwan 8, , , ,796.6 China 4, , , ,217.6 India 1, , , ,843.8 Pakistan Japan 55, , , ,310.1 EU-15 31, , , ,380.5 Austria ,032.9 Belgium 1, , , ,641.2 Denmark ,074.9 Finland ,386.2 France 3, , , ,236.2 Germany 7, , , ,739.9 Greece Ireland ,288.5 Italy 2, , , ,795.0 Luxembourg Netherlands 2, , , ,176.0 Portugal Spain , ,087.2 Sweden 1, , , ,056.2 United Kingdom 11, , , ,358.8 Unspecified EU-15 Canada 1, , , ,445.6 USA 33, , , ,011.4 Australia 5, , , ,688.8 New Zealand ,150.8 Others 34, , , ,532.1 Total *) 223, , , ,606.2 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Notes: Unspecifed ASEAN represents imports of Singapore ( ) and Thailand ( ) to ASEAN of which the data are not available at detailed by country. *) Exclude Lao PDR and Viet Nam; data are not available 70

93 by Country of Origin, (US$ Million) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 64, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

94 Table V.10. Intra-ASEAN Imports by Country of Origin (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Brunei darussalam Cambodia 1, , , ,914.5 Indonesia 16, , , ,716.5 Lao PDR , , ,637.2 Malaysia 13, , , ,492.1 Myanmar 4, , , ,213.9 Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Unspecified ASEAN Intra-ASEAN 38, , , ,211.2 Extra-ASEAN 184, , , ,395.0 Total *) 223, , , ,606.2 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Notes: Unspecifed ASEAN represents imports of Singapore ( ) and Thailand ( ) to ASEAN of which the data are not available at detailed by country. *) Exclude Lao PDR and Viet Nam; data are not available 72

95 Country of Origin, (US$ Million) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

96 Table V.11. ASEAN Ten Major Exports Markets in 1993, 1996, 2000 and 2001 (US$ Million) Country Value Country Value Country Value Country Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) ASEAN 43,681.1 ASEAN 80,973.7 ASEAN 95,267.5 ASEAN 84,487.9 USA 42,008.2 USA 59,515.5 USA 72,462.5 USA 62,819.2 EU 31,391.5 EU 46,926.0 EU 60,752.3 EU 56,681.4 Japan 30,952.2 Japan 43,150.3 Japan 54,743.9 Japan 48,311.2 Taiwan 6,143.6 Taiwan 11,316.7 Hong Kong 21,878.3 China 25,329.5 Korea 6,125.9 Hong Kong 10,571.0 Korea 14,528.6 Korea 14,734.3 China 4,528.7 Korea 9,446.7 China 13,164.2 Taiwan 8,698.5 Australia 3,696.5 China 7,474.1 Taiwan 12,347.6 Australia 8,511.9 Canada 1,958.7 Australia 6,106.0 Australia 8,413.6 Hong Kong 6,222.6 India 1,484.0 India 3,722.8 India 6,555.6 India 6,211.0 Top-ten Countries 171,970.5 Top-ten Countries 279,202.9 Top-ten Countries 360,114.1 Top-ten Countries 322,007.5 Others 34,666.6 Others 44,158.5 Others 50,579.7 Others 48,540.5 TOTAL 206,637.2 TOTAL 323,361.3 TOTAL 410,693.8 TOTAL 370,548.0 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Notes: covers only ASEAN includes Myanmar and ASEAN includes Cambodia, Myanmar and ASEAN 6. Table V.12. Share of ASEAN Major Export Markets in 1993, 1996, 2000 and 2001 (%) Country Value Country Value Country Value Country Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) ASEAN 21.1 ASEAN 25.0 ASEAN 23.2 ASEAN 22.8 USA 20.3 USA 18.4 USA 17.6 USA 17.0 EU 15.2 EU 14.5 EU 14.8 EU 15.3 Japan 15.0 Japan 13.3 Japan 13.3 Japan 13.0 Taiwan 3.0 Taiwan 3.5 Hong Kong 5.3 China 6.8 Korea 3.0 Hong Kong 3.3 Korea 3.5 Korea 4.0 China 2.2 Korea 2.9 China 3.2 Taiwan 2.3 Australia 1.8 China 2.3 Taiwan 3.0 Australia 2.3 Canada 0.9 Australia 1.9 Australia 2.0 Hong Kong 1.7 India 0.7 India 1.2 India 1.6 India 1.7 Top-ten Countries 83.2 Top-ten Countries 86.3 Top-ten Countries 87.7 Top-ten Countries 86.9 Others 16.8 Others 13.7 Others 12.3 Others 13.1 TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Notes: covers only ASEAN includes Myanmar and ASEAN includes Cambodia, Myanmar and ASEAN 6. 74

97 Table V.13. ASEAN Ten Major Imports Origins in 1993, 1996, 2000 and 2001 (US$ Million) Country Value Country Value Country Value Country Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Japan 55,702.9 Japan 73,310.1 ASEAN 73,635.5 ASEAN 67,639.5 ASEAN 38,763.3 ASEAN 64,211.2 Japan 65,627.2 Japan 53,326.6 USA 33,712.7 EU 57,380.5 USA 48,446.9 USA 45,618.8 EU 31,822.4 USA 53,011.4 EU 38,957.9 EU 39,678.3 Taiwan 8,159.7 Korea 13,294.4 China 17,986.4 China 20,181.8 Korea 7,148.1 Taiwan 12,796.6 Korea 15,458.3 Korea 13,457.5 Australia 5,392.1 China 9,217.6 Taiwan 11,166.2 Australia 9,527.7 China 4,336.4 Australia 8,688.8 Australia 8,695.4 Taiwan 6,905.9 Switzerland 1,955.2 Hong Kong 5,355.9 Hong Kong 8,519.5 India 3,672.1 Canada Switzerland 4,754.7 India 3,213.8 Hong Kong 3,651.3 Top-ten Countries 188,545.5 Top-ten Countries 302,021.2 Top-ten Countries Top-ten Countries 263,659.4 Others 34,765.3 Others 48,585.0 Others 54,120.1 Others 53,566.1 TOTAL 223,310.8 TOTAL 350,606.2 TOTAL 345,827.2 TOTAL 317,225.6 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Notes: covers only ASEAN includes Myanmar and ASEAN includes Cambodia, Myanmar and ASEAN 6. Table V.14. Share of ASEAN Ten Major Imports Origins in 1993, 1996, 2000 and 2001 (%) Country Value Country Value Country Value Country Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Japan 24.9 Japan 20.9 ASEAN 21.3 ASEAN 21.3 ASEAN 17.4 ASEAN 18.3 Japan 19.0 Japan 16.8 USA 15.1 EU 16.4 USA 14.0 USA 14.4 EU 14.3 USA 15.1 EU 11.3 EU 12.5 Taiwan 3.7 Korea 3.8 China 5.2 China 6.4 Korea 3.2 Taiwan 3.6 Korea 4.5 Korea 4.2 Australia 2.4 China 2.6 Taiwan 3.2 Australia 3.0 China 1.9 Australia 2.5 Australia 2.5 Taiwan 2.2 Switzerland 0.9 Hong Kong 1.5 Hong Kong 2.5 India 1.2 Canada 0.7 Switzerland 1.4 India 0.9 Hong Kong 1.2 Top-ten Countries 84.4 Top-ten Countries 86.1 Top-ten Countries 84.4 Top-ten Countries 83.1 Others 15.6 Others 13.9 Others 15.6 Others 16.9 TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Notes: covers only ASEAN includes Myanmar and ASEAN includes Cambodia, Myanmar and ASEAN 6. 75

98 Graphic V.13. ASEAN Export Market, 1996 Graphic V.14. ASEAN Export Market,

99 Graphic V.15. ASEAN Import Origin, 1996 Graphic V.16. ASEAN Import Origin,

100 Table V.15. ASEAN 6 Ten Major Export Markets in 1993, 1996, 2000 and 2001 (US$ Million) Country Value Country Value Country Value Country Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) ASEAN 43,681.1 ASEAN 80,973.7 USA 71,548.4 USA 61,672.2 USA 42,008.2 USA 59,515.5 Japan 54,668.3 Japan 48,213.9 EU 31,391.5 EU 46,926.0 ASEAN 52,656.9 ASEAN 36,292.1 Japan 30,952.2 Japan 43,150.3 EU 38,908.2 EU 29,382.1 Taiwan 6,143.6 Taiwan 11,316.7 Hong Kong 21,559.9 China 25,268.3 Korea 6,125.9 Hong Kong 10,571.0 South Korea 14,509.5 South Korea 14,710.6 China 4,528.7 Korea 9,446.7 China 13,102.3 Taiwan 8,693.5 Australia 3,696.5 China 7,474.1 Taiwan 12,337.6 Australia 8,495.5 Canada 1,958.7 Australia 6,106.0 Australia 8,402.7 Hong Kong 5,955.1 India 1,484.0 India 3,722.8 India 6,307.6 India 5,861.3 Top-ten Countries 171,970.5 Top-ten Countries 279,202.9 Top-ten Countries 294,001.2 Top-ten Countries 244,544.6 Others 34,666.6 Others 44,158.5 Others 114,131.2 Others 122,289.9 TOTAL 206,637.2 TOTAL 323,361.3 TOTAL 408,132.4 TOTAL 366,834.5 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Table V.16. Share of ASEAN 6 Major Export Markets in 1993, 1996, 2000 and 2001 (%) Country Value Country Value Country Value Country Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) ASEAN 21.1 ASEAN 25.0 ASEAN 17.5 ASEAN 16.8 USA 20.3 USA 18.4 USA 13.4 USA 13.1 EU 15.2 EU 14.5 EU 12.9 EU 9.9 Japan 15.0 Japan 13.3 Japan 9.5 Japan 8.0 Taiwan 3.0 Taiwan 3.5 Hong Kong 5.3 China 6.9 Korea 3.0 Hong Kong 3.3 Korea 3.6 Korea 4.0 China 2.2 Korea 2.9 China 3.2 Taiwan 2.4 Australia 1.8 China 2.3 Taiwan 3.0 Australia 2.3 Canada 0.9 Australia 1.9 Australia 2.1 Hong Kong 1.6 India 0.7 India 1.2 India 1.5 India 1.6 Top-ten Countries 83.2 Top-ten Countries 86.3 Top-ten Countries 72.0 Top-ten Countries 66.7 Others 16.8 Others 13.7 Others 28.0 Others 33.3 TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. 78

101 Table V.17. ASEAN 6 Ten Major Import Origins in 1993, 1996, 2000 and 2001 (US$ Million) Country Value Country Value Country Value Country Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Japan 55,702.9 Japan 73,310.1 Japan 55,702.9 Japan 55,702.9 ASEAN 38,763.3 ASEAN 64,211.2 ASEAN 35,859.3 USA 33,712.7 USA 33,712.7 EU 57,380.5 USA 33,712.7 ASEAN 26,190.7 EU 31,822.4 USA 53,011.4 EU 21,683.4 EU 18,283.3 Taiwan 8,159.7 Korea 13,294.4 Taiwan 8,159.7 Taiwan 8,159.7 Korea 7,148.1 Taiwan 12,796.6 Hong Kong 8,145.0 South Korea 7,148.1 Australia 5,392.1 China 9,217.6 South Korea 7,148.1 Australia 5,392.1 China 4,336.4 Australia 8,688.8 Australia 5,392.1 China 4,336.4 Switzerland 1,955.2 Hong Kong 5,355.9 China 4,336.4 Hong Kong 3,442.0 Canada Switzerland 4,754.7 Canada 1,552.8 Canada 1,552.8 Top-ten Countries 188,545.5 Top-ten Countries 302,021.2 Top-ten Countries 181,692.5 Top-ten Countries 163,920.8 Others 34,765.3 Others 48,585.0 Others 160,510.7 Others 148,991.4 TOTAL 223,310.8 TOTAL 350,606.2 TOTAL 342,203.2 TOTAL 312,912.2 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Table V.14. Share of ASEAN 6 Ten Major Import Origins in 1993, 1996, 2000 and 2001 (%) Country Value Country Value Country Value Country Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Japan 24.9 Japan 20.9 Japan 16.3 Japan 17.8 ASEAN 17.4 ASEAN 18.3 ASEAN 10.5 USA 10.8 USA 15.1 EU 16.4 USA 9.9 ASEAN 8.4 EU 14.3 USA 15.1 EU 6.3 EU 5.8 Taiwan 3.7 Korea 3.8 Taiwan 2.4 Taiwan 2.6 Korea 3.2 Taiwan 3.6 Hong Kong 2.4 South Korea 2.3 Australia 2.4 China 2.6 South Korea 2.1 Australia 1.7 China 1.9 Australia 2.5 Australia 1.6 China 1.4 Switzerland 0.9 Hong Kong 1.5 China 1.3 Hong Kong 1.1 Canada 0.7 Switzerland 1.4 Canada 0.5 Canada 0.5 Top-ten Countries 84.4 Top-ten Countries 86.1 Top-ten Countries 53.1 Top-ten Countries 52.4 Others 15.6 Others 13.9 Others 46.9 Others 47.6 TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. 79

102 Table V.19. ASEAN 6 Top-Ten Export Commodities HS Commodities Exports HS Commodities Exports (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; sound 47, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; sound 87,962.6 eqpmnt; tv equipment 85 eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 31, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 61,761.0 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of 23, Min fuels, min oils & prd of 32,673.8 distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax 44 Wood and articles of wood; 11, Wood and articles of wood; 11,244.3 wood charcoal wood charcoal 62 Apparel artcls & accessories, 7, Rubber and articles thereof 9,467.2 not knitted/crocheted 40 Rubber and articles thereof 5, Apparel artcls & accessories, 6,676.5 not knitted/crocheted 61 Apparel articles & accessories, 4, Anml /veg fats & oils; preprd edibl 6,135.4 knitted/crocheted fats; anml or veg waxes 15 Anml /veg fats & oils; preprd edibl 4, Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs 5,436.2 fats; anml or veg waxes stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin 03 Fish, crustacns & aquatic invertebrts 4, Apparel articles & accessories, 5,266.5 knitted/crocheted 39 Plastics and articles thereof 3, Plastics and articles thereof 5,194.9 Ten Major Commodities 144,354.3 Ten Major Commodities 231,818.4 Others 62,282.9 Others 91,542.9 Total 206,637.2 Total 323,361.3 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Table V.20. ASEAN 6 Top-ten Import Commodities HS Commodities Imports HS Commodities Imports (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 53, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 91,052.6 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 41, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 69,073.2 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of 18, Min fuels, min oils & prd of 25,914.0 distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax 87 Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, 9, Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, rolling 15,545.9 rolling stock); parts & accessories stock); parts & accessories 72 Iron and steel 9, Iron and steel 12, Plastics and articles thereof 6, Plastics and articles thereof 9, Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof 5, Organic chemicals 8, Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 5, Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 7,755.2 measuring, precision, medcl instr. measuring, precision, medcl instr. 29 Organic chemicals 4, Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof 6, Articles of iron or steel 4, Articles of iron or steel 6,614.6 Ten Major Commodities 158,814.9 Ten Major Commodities 252,335.6 Others 64,495.9 Others 98,270.6 Total 223,310.8 Total 350,606.2 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. 80

103 by 2 Digits HS Code in 1993, 1996, 2000 and 2001 (US$ Million) HS Commodities Exports HS Commodities Exports (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 134, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 113,089.7 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 84, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 74, Min fuels, min oils & prd of 39, Min fuels, min oils & prd of 37,391.1 distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax 39 Plastics and articles thereof 9, Plastics and articles thereof 8, Wood and articles of wood; 8, Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 7,251.9 wood charcoal measuring, precision, medcl instr. 62 Apparel artcls & accessories, 7, Wood and articles of wood; 7,079.6 not knitted/crocheted wood charcoal 40 Rubber and articles thereof 6, Organic chemicals 7, Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 6, Apparel artcls & accessories, 6,807.8 measuring, precision, medcl instr. not knitted/crocheted 29 Organic chemicals 6, Rubber and articles thereof 6, Apparel articles & accessories, 6, Apparel articles & accessories, 5,983.2 knitted/crocheted knitted/crocheted Ten Major Commodities 310,321.1 Ten Major Commodities 273,466.2 Others 97,811.3 Others 93,368.3 Total 408,132.4 Total 366,834.5 by 2 Digits HS Code in 1993, 1996, 2000 and 2001 (US$ Million) HS Commodities Imports HS Commodities Imports (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 112, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 95,244.7 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 58, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 55,213.8 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of 37, Min fuels, min oils & prd of 34,829.3 distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax 39 Plastics and articles thereof 9, Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, rolling 8,968.6 stock); parts & accessories 87 Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, 9, Plastics and articles thereof 8,542.4 rolling stock); parts & accessories 90 Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 9, Organic chemicals 7,727.7 measuring, precision, medcl instr. 29 Organic chemicals 8, Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 7,591.1 measuring, precision, medcl instr. 72 Iron and steel 8, Iron and steel 6, Articles of iron or steel 4, Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof 6, Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs 4, Articles of iron or steel 5,093.6 stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin Ten Major Commodities 264,016.5 Ten Major Commodities 236,200.5 Others 78,186.7 Others 76,711.6 Total 342,203.2 Total 312,

104 Table V.21. Shares of ASEAN 6 Top-ten Export Commodities HS Commodities Exports HS Commodities Exports (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 27.2 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 19.1 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of Min fuels, min oils & prd of 10.1 distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax 44 Wood and articles of wood; Wood and articles of wood; 3.5 wood charcoal wood charcoal 62 Apparel artcls & accessories, Rubber and articles thereof 2.9 not knitted/crocheted 40 Rubber and articles thereof Apparel artcls & accessories, 2.1 not knitted/crocheted 61 Apparel articles & accessories, Anml /veg fats & oils; preprd 1.9 knitted/crocheted edibl fats; anml or veg waxes 15 Anml /veg fats & oils; preprd Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs 1.7 edibl fats; anml or veg waxes stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin 03 Fish, crustacns & aquatic invertebrts Apparel articles & accessories, 1.6 knitted/crocheted 39 Plastics and articles thereof Plastics and articles thereof 1.6 Ten Major Commodities 69.9 Ten Major Commodities 71.7 Others 30.1 Others 28.3 Total Total Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Table V.22. Shares of ASEAN 6 Top-ten Import Commodities HS Commodities Imports HS Commodities Imports (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 26.0 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 19.7 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of Min fuels, min oils & prd of 7.4 distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax 87 Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, 4.4 rolling stock); parts & accessories rolling stock); parts & accessories 72 Iron and steel Iron and steel Plastics and articles thereof Plastics and articles thereof Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof Organic chemicals Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 2.2 measuring, precision, medcl instr. measuring, precision, medcl instr. 29 Organic chemicals Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof Articles of iron or steel Articles of iron or steel 1.9 Ten Major Commodities 71.1 Ten Major Commodities 72.0 Others 28.9 Others 28.0 Total Total Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. 82

105 by 2 Digits HS Code in 1993, 1996, 2000 and 2001 (US$ Million) HS Commodities Exports HS Commodities Exports (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 30.8 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 20.2 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of Min fuels, min oils & prd of 10.2 distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax 39 Plastics and articles thereof Plastics and articles thereof Wood and articles of wood; Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 2.0 wood charcoal measuring, precision, medcl instr. 62 Apparel artcls & accessories, Wood and articles of wood; 1.9 not knitted/crocheted wood charcoal 40 Rubber and articles thereof Organic chemicals Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, Apparel artcls & accessories, measuring, precision, medcl instr. not knitted/crocheted Organic chemicals Rubber and articles thereof Apparel articles & accessories, Apparel articles & accessories, 1.6 knitted/crocheted knitted/crocheted Ten Major Commodities 76.0 Ten Major Commodities 74.5 Others 24.0 Others 25.5 Total Total by 2 Digits HS Code in 1993, 1996, 2000 and 2001 (US$ Million) HS Commodities Imports HS Commodities Imports (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 30.4 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 17.6 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of Min fuels, min oils & prd of 11.1 distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax 39 Plastics and articles thereof Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, 2.9 rolling stock); parts & accessories 87 Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, Plastics and articles thereof 2.7 rolling stock); parts & accessories 90 Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, Organic chemicals 2.5 measuring, precision, medcl instr. 29 Organic chemicals Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 2.4 measuring, precision, medcl instr. 72 Iron and steel Iron and steel Articles of iron or steel Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs Articles of iron or steel 1.6 stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin Ten Major Commodities 77.2 Ten Major Commodities 75.5 Others 22.8 Others 24.5 Total Total

106 Graphic V.17. Shares of Top-ten Export Commodities in ASEAN 6, 2001 Graphic V.18. Shares of Top-ten Import Commodities in ASEAN 6,

107 Table V.23. Trend of ASEAN 6 Exports of 1996 Top-ten Commodities by 2 Digits HS Code (US$ Million) HS Commodities (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 47,670 66,028 80,265 87,963 95,894 92, , , , Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & mechan applnc/ parts 31,228 40,885 50,620 61,761 67,764 65,898 73,046 84,570 74, Min fuels, min oils & prd of distillation; bitum substan; min wax 23,837 23,791 26,748 32,674 32,614 23,694 27,300 39,656 37, Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal 11,265 10,495 10,350 11,244 10,023 6,745 8,076 8,262 7, Rubber and articles thereof 5,319 6,338 9,224 9,467 7,820 6,410 5,912 6,850 6, Apparel artcls & accessories, not knitted/crocheted 7,119 7,480 7,337 6,677 5,837 5,540 6,272 7,383 6, Anml /veg fats & oils; preprd edibl fats; anml or veg waxes 4,687 6,409 7,736 6,135 7,941 7,806 7,102 5,733 5, Nat or cultred pearls, prec/ semiprecs stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin 3,486 4,339 7,311 5,436 5,792 7,131 4,141 4,131 4, Apparel articles & accessories, knitted/crocheted 4,919 4,701 5,181 5,267 5,200 4,877 5,659 6,285 5, Plastics and articles thereof 3,896 3,861 6,031 5,195 5,994 5,787 6,760 9,180 8,476 Total 143, , , , , , , , ,766 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Table V.24. Trend of ASEAN 6 Imports of 1996 Top-ten Commodities by 2 Digits HS Code (US$ Million) HS Commodities (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 53,696 71,044 84,764 91,053 98,502 83,545 90, ,998 95, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & mechan applnc/ parts 41,269 49,590 60,239 69,073 70,932 48,725 47,414 58,874 55, Min fuels, min oils & prd of distillation; bitum substan; min wax 18,677 18,416 20,321 25,914 28,167 17,889 23,081 37,633 34, Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, rolling stock); parts & accss 9,455 11,842 14,711 15,546 12,718 4,548 6,059 9,495 8, Iron and steel 9,339 9,606 13,079 12,634 11,730 6,021 7,143 8,248 6, Plastics and articles thereof 6,581 8,447 9,006 9,036 9,222 6,798 7,891 9,955 8, Organic chemicals 4,831 6,100 8,442 8,010 7,910 5,891 6,618 8,295 7, Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, measuring, precision, medcl instrmnt 5,121 6,003 6,988 7,755 8,615 6,367 7,081 9,114 7, Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof 5,251 4,923 8,635 6,701 7,689 6,058 4,749 2,702 6, Articles of iron or steel 4,595 5,216 5,463 6,615 6,658 5,587 5,338 4,781 5,094 Total 158, , , , , , , , ,201 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. 85

108 Table V.25. Ten Major Export Commodities of ASEAN HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 11, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 28,155.9 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 6, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 14, Min fuels, min oils & prd of 5, Min fuels, min oils & prd of 7,190.5 distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax 39 Plastics and articles thereof 1, Plastics and articles thereof 1, Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs 1,706.9 stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin 87 Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, Wood and articles of wood; 1,513.8 rolling stock); parts & accessories wood charcoal 44 Wood and articles of wood; Organic chemicals 1,165.2 wood charcoal 15 Anml /veg fats & oils; preprd edibl Articles of iron or steel 1,156.8 fats; anml or veg waxes 73 Articles of iron or steel Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, 1,150.5 rolling stock); parts & accessories 72 Iron and steel Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 1,099.5 measuring, precision, medcl instr. 10 Major 30, Major 59,901.1 Others 13,101.8 Others 21,072.6 Total 43,681.1 Total 80,973.7 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Table V.26. Ten Major Import Commodities of ASEAN HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 13, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 21,509.8 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of 5, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 11,188.2 distillation; bitum substan; min wax mechan applnc/ parts 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 5, Min fuels, min oils & prd of 7,252.7 mechan applnc/ parts distillation; bitum substan; min wax 39 Plastics and articles thereof 1, Preparatns of cereals, flour, 1,737.9 starch, milk 44 Wood and articles of wood; Plastics and articles thereof 1,554.9 wood charcoal 15 Anml /veg fats & oils; preprd edibl Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs 1,355.7 fats; anml or veg waxes stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin 73 Articles of iron or steel Wood and articles of wood; 1,333.1 wood charcoal 72 Iron and steel Cereals 1, Rubber and articles thereof Articles of iron or steel Apparel articles & accessories, Rubber and articles thereof knitted/crocheted 10 Major 29, Major 48,835.5 Others 9,432.5 Others 15,375.6 Total 38,763.3 Total 64,211.2 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. 86

109 to ASEAN by 2 Digits HS Code, (US$ Million) HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 35, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 30,207.2 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, 17, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 15,450.1 machnry & mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of 9, Min fuels, min oils & prd of 8,493.6 distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax 39 Plastics and articles thereof 2, Plastics and articles thereof 2, Organic chemicals 1, Organic chemicals 1, Rubber and articles thereof 1, Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 1,292.6 measuring, precision, medcl instr. 87 Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, 1, Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, 1,281.7 rolling stock); parts & accessories rolling stock); parts & accessories 44 Wood and articles of wood; 1, Rubber and articles thereof 1,123.3 wood charcoal 90 Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 1, Paper/paperboard, 1,024.3 measuring, precision, medcl instr. artcls of paper pulp 48 Paper/paperboard, 1, Articles of iron or steel 1,018.4 artcls of paper pulp 10 Major 74, Major 64,130.2 Others 20,336.2 Others 19,333.8 Total 94,798.0 Total 83,464.1 from ASEAN by 2 Digits HS Code, (US$ Million) HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 27, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 23,609.1 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 13, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 12,055.9 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of 8, Min fuels, min oils & prd of 7,743.2 distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax 39 Plastics and articles thereof 2, Plastics and articles thereof 1, Organic chemicals 1, Organic chemicals 1, Articles of iron or steel Articles of iron or steel Paper/paperboard, Paper/paperboard, artcls of paper pulp artcls of paper pulp 90 Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, measuring, precision, medcl instr. measuring, precision, medcl instr. 40 Rubber and articles thereof Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin 61 Apparel articles & accessories, Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, knitted/crocheted rolling stock); parts & accessories 10 Major 57, Major 50,989.4 Others 14,428.6 Others 14,239.2 Total 71,973.0 Total 65,

110 Graphic V.19. Trend of the 1996 Top-ten Exports and Imports Commodities in ASEAN 6, Graphic V.20. Trend of the Shares of the Top-ten Exports and Imports Commodities in ASEAN 6,

111 Graphic V.21. Trend of the 1996 Top-ten Exports Commodities in ASEAN 6 by Commodities, Graphic V.22. Trend of the 1996 Top-ten Imports Commodities in ASEAN 6 by Commodities,

112 Table V.27. Ten Major Export Commodities of ASEAN HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 8, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 12,380.5 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 5, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 10,749.3 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 61 Apparel articles & accessories, 1, Wood and articles of wood; 2,195.0 knitted/crocheted wood charcoal 62 Apparel artcls & accessories, 1, Rubber and articles thereof 1,713.8 not knitted/crocheted 44 Wood and articles of wood; 1, Apparel articles & accessories, 1,586.1 wood charcoal knitted/crocheted 64 Footwear, gaiters and the like and 1, Apparel artcls & accessories, 1,285.1 parts thereof not knitted/crocheted 40 Rubber and articles thereof 1, Anml /veg fats & oils; preprd 1,228.9 edibl fats; anml or veg waxes 15 Anml /veg fats & oils; preprd Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs 1,059.9 edibl fats; anml or veg waxes stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin 71 Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs Ores, slag and ash 1,033.4 stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin 07 Edible vegetables & certain Footwear, gaiters and the like and 1,029.7 roots & Tubers parts thereof 10 Major 23, Major 34,261.8 Others 8,156.6 Others 12,664.2 Total 31,391.5 Total 46,926.0 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Table V.28. Ten Major Import Commodities of ASEAN HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 8, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 15,861.0 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 5, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 12,293.7 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 87 Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, 1, Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, 3,446.5 rolling stock); parts & accessories rolling stock); parts & accessories 72 Iron and steel 1, Organic chemicals 1, Organic chemicals 1, Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof 1, Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof 1, Plastics and articles thereof 1, Plastics and articles thereof Articles of iron or steel 1, Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs Iron and steel 1,388.7 stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin 90 Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 1,292.7 measuring, precision, medcl instr. measuring, precision, medcl instr. 73 Articles of iron or steel Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs 1,017.1 stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin 10 Major 22, Major 41,596.4 Others 9,716.4 Others 15,784.1 Total 31,822.4 Total 57,380.5 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. 90

113 to European Union by 2 Digits HS Code, (US$ Million) HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 23, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 20,235.1 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 13, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 13,290.2 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 61 Apparel articles & accessories, 1, Organic chemicals 1,731.1 knitted/crocheted 62 Apparel artcls & accessories, 1, Apparel articles & accessories, 1,529.6 not knitted/crocheted knitted/crocheted 29 Organic chemicals 1, Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, 1,490.6 rolling stock); parts & accessories 40 Rubber and articles thereof 1, Apparel artcls & accessories, 1,380.2 not knitted/crocheted 90 Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 1, Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 1,296.3 measuring, precision, medcl instr. measuring, precision, medcl instr. 87 Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, 1, Rubber and articles thereof 1,203.9 rolling stock); parts & accessories 94 Furniture; bedding, mattresses; 1, Anml /veg fats & oils; preprd edibl other lamps & light fitting fats; anml or veg waxes 15 Anml /veg fats & oils; preprd edibl 1, Furniture; bedding, mattresses; other fats; anml or veg waxes lamps & light fitting 10 Major 47, Major 44,127.3 Others 12,812.2 Others 12,012.0 Total 60,414.8 Total 56,139.3 from European Union by 2 Digits HS Code, (US$ Million) HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 11, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 12,025.7 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 7, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 8,901.1 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 87 Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, 1, Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, 1,622.1 rolling stock); parts & accessories rolling stock); parts & accessories 90 Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 1, Organic chemicals 1,280.3 measuring, precision, medcl instr. 29 Organic chemicals 1, Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 1,168.8 measuring, precision, medcl instr. 39 Plastics and articles thereof 1, Plastics and articles thereof 1, Miscellaneous chemical products Articles of iron or steel Paper/paperboard, artcls of paper pulp Miscellaneous chemical products Articles of iron or steel Iron and steel Min fuels, min oils & prd of Pharmaceutical products distillation; bitum substan; min wax 10 Major 27, Major 29,154.4 Others 11,066.0 Others 10,403.6 Total 38,791.7 Total 39,

114 Table V.29. Ten Major Export Commodities HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 12, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 18,877.3 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment mechan applnc/ parts 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 10, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; sound 18,107.0 mechan applnc/ parts eqpmnt; tv equipment 62 Apparel artcls & accessories, 2, Apparel artcls & accessories, 2,761.7 not knitted/crocheted not knitted/crocheted 61 Apparel articles & accessories, 1, Min fuels, min oils & prd of 2,211.4 knitted/crocheted distillation; bitum substan; min wax 40 Rubber and articles thereof 1, Apparel articles & accessories, 1,988.8 knitted/crocheted 64 Footwear, gaiters and the like and 1, Rubber and articles thereof 1,953.2 parts thereof 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of Footwear, gaiters and the like and 1,141.7 distillation; bitum substan; min wax parts thereof 44 Wood and articles of wood; Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 1,005.0 wood charcoal measuring, precision, medcl instr. 03 Fish, crustacns & aquatic invertebrts Furniture; bedding, mattresses; other lamps & light fitting 94 Furniture; bedding, mattresses; Wood and articles of wood; other lamps & light fitting wood charcoal 10 Major 33, Major 49,829.3 Others 8,373.5 Others 9,686.1 Total 42,008.2 Total 59,515.5 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Table V.30. Ten Major Import Commodities HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 9, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 16,879.3 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 7, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 12,427.6 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 88 Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof 3, Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof 4, Miscellaneous chemical products 1, Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 2,129.5 measuring, precision, medcl instr. 90 Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 1, Plastics and articles thereof 1,413.1 measuring, precision, medcl instr. 39 Plastics and articles thereof Organic chemicals 1, Organic chemicals Miscellaneous chemical products 1, Tobacco and manuf Cereals tobacco substitutes 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of Articles of iron or steel distillation; bitum substan; min wax 73 Articles of iron or steel Postal packages and postal transactions 10 Major 26, Major 42,127.9 Others 7,004.6 Others 10,883.5 Total 33,712.7 Total 53,011.4 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. 92

115 of ASEAN 6 to USA by 2 Digits HS Code, (US$ Million) HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 25, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 19,134.9 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 19, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 16,548.5 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 62 Apparel artcls & accessories, 4, Apparel artcls & accessories, 3,879.8 not knitted/crocheted not knitted/crocheted 61 Apparel articles & accessories, 3, Apparel articles & accessories, 3,176.3 knitted/crocheted knitted/crocheted 90 Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 1, Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 1,823.7 measuring, precision, medcl instr. measuring, precision, medcl instr. 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of 1, Rubber and articles thereof 1,385.7 distillation; bitum substan; min wax 40 Rubber and articles thereof 1, Furniture; bedding, mattresses; 1,355.0 other lamps & light fitting 94 Furniture; bedding, mattresses; 1, Min fuels, min oils & prd of 1,287.0 other lamps & light fitting distillation; bitum substan; min wax 03 Fish, crustacns & aquatic invertebrts 1, Fish, crustacns & aquatic invertebrts 1, Footwear, gaiters and the like and 1, Footwear, gaiters and the like and parts thereof parts thereof 10 Major 59, Major 50,607.3 Others 11,683.7 Others 11,064.9 Total 71,548.4 Total 61,672.2 of ASEAN 6 from USA by 2 Digits HS Code, (US$ Million) HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 19, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 16,324.5 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 10, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 8,806.5 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 90 Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 3, Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof 4,737.6 measuring, precision, medcl instr. 39 Plastics and articles thereof 1, Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 2,155.5 measuring, precision, medcl instr. 88 Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof 1, Plastics and articles thereof 1, Organic chemicals 1, Organic chemicals 1, Miscellaneous chemical products Miscellaneous chemical products Min fuels, min oils & prd of Min fuels, min oils & prd of distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax Postal packages and Cereals postal transactions 73 Articles of iron or steel Food industry residues; prepared animal feed 10 Major 39, Major 37,239.5 Others 8,992.3 Others 8,326.2 Total 48,349.8 Total 45,

116 Table V.31. Ten Major Export Commodities HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of 8, Min fuels, min oils & prd of 9,380.3 distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 4, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 9,174.0 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 44 Wood and articles of wood; 3, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 6,100.5 wood charcoal mechan applnc/ parts 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 2, Wood and articles of wood; 3,006.7 mechan applnc/ parts wood charcoal 03 Fish, crustacns & aquatic invertebrts 2, Fish, crustacns & aquatic invertebrts 2, Ores, slag and ash Rubber and articles thereof 1, Rubber and articles thereof Furniture; bedding, mattresses; other lamps & light fitting 94 Furniture; bedding, mattresses; Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, other lamps & light fitting measuring, precision, medcl instr. 90 Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, Ores, slag and ash measuring, precision, medcl instr. 62 Apparel artcls & accessories, Apparel artcls & accessories, not knitted/crocheted not knitted/crocheted 10 Major 23, Major 33,817.8 Others 7,085.0 Others 9,332.5 Total 30,952.2 Total 43,150.3 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Table V.32. Ten Major Import Commodities HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 16, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 23,235.7 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 13, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 17,648.0 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 87 Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, 6, Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, 9,611.8 rolling stock); parts & accessories rolling stock); parts & accessories 72 Iron and steel 3, Iron and steel 3, Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 2, Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 2,547.0 measuring, precision, medcl instr. measuring, precision, medcl instr. 73 Articles of iron or steel 1, Plastics and articles thereof 2, Plastics and articles thereof 1, Articles of iron or steel 1, Organic chemicals 1, Organic chemicals 1, Ships, boats and floating stuctures Ships, boats and floating stuctures 1, Miscellaneous chemical products Rubber and articles thereof Major 47, Major 64,151.9 Others 7,983.1 Others 9,158.1 Total 55,702.9 Total 73,310.1 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. 94

117 of ASEAN 6 to Japan by 2 Digits HS Code, (US$ Million) HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 14, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 12,903.9 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of 12, Min fuels, min oils & prd of 11,749.0 distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 10, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 6,738.8 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 44 Wood and articles of wood; 1, Fish, crustacns & aquatic invertebrts 1,621.6 wood charcoal 03 Fish, crustacns & aquatic invertebrts 1, Wood and articles of wood; 1,560.9 wood charcoal 90 Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 1, Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 1,081.2 measuring, precision, medcl instr. measuring, precision, medcl instr. 39 Plastics and articles thereof 1, Plastics and articles thereof Furniture; bedding, mattresses; Furniture; bedding, mattresses; other lamps & light fitting other lamps & light fitting 26 Ores, slag and ash Rubber and articles thereof Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, Edbl prepartn meat, fish, crustacns, rolling stock); parts & accessories oth aqtic invertebrts 10 Major 44, Major 38,811.0 Others 9,947.2 Others 9,402.9 Total 54,668.3 Total 48,213.9 of ASEAN 6 from Japan by 2 Digits HS Code, (US$ Million) HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 22, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 17,412.1 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 15, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 12,782.4 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 87 Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, 5, Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, 5,072.6 rolling stock); parts & accessories rolling stock); parts & accessories 72 Iron and steel 3, Iron and steel 2, Plastics and articles thereof 2, Plastics and articles thereof 2, Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 2, Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 1,960.6 measuring, precision, medcl instr. measuring, precision, medcl instr. 73 Articles of iron or steel 1, Articles of iron or steel 1, Organic chemicals 1, Organic chemicals 1, Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs Rubber and articles thereof stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin 40 Rubber and articles thereof Tanning/dyeing extrct; dyes, colring matter; paint & varnish; inks 10 Major 56, Major 45,060.2 Others 9,355.7 Others 7,869.3 Total 65,382.4 Total

118 Table V.33. Ten Major Export Commodities HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of Min fuels, min oils & prd of distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax 44 Wood and articles of wood; Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & wood charcoal mechan applnc/ parts 15 Anml /veg fats & oils; preprd El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; edibl fats; anml or veg waxes sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & Wood and articles of wood; mechan applnc/ parts wood charcoal 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; Anml /veg fats & oils; preprd edibl sound eqpmnt; tv equipment fats; anml or veg waxes 39 Plastics and articles thereof Rubber and articles thereof Iron and steel Tobacco and manuf tobacco substitutes 98 Postal packages and postal Cereals transactions 74 Copper and articles thereof Copper and articles thereof Organic chemicals Plastics and articles thereof Major 3, Major 5,890.1 Others Others 1,584.0 Total 4,528.7 Total 7,474.1 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Table V.34. Ten Major Import Commodities HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 85 Electrical Machinery, Electrical Machinery, 1,982.0 Sound Recorders, etc. Sound Recorders, etc. 84 Nuclear Reactors, Boilers, etc. & Parts Nuclear Reactors, Boilers, etc. & Parts 1, Mineral Fuel Oils waxes & Iron & Steel Products, etc. 52 Cotton Mineral Fuel Oils waxes & Products, etc. 24 Tobacco and manufacture of Salt, sulphur, earths, stones, lime, tobacco substitutes cement, etc. 10 Cereals Articles of Iron or Steel Articles of Iron or Steel Edible vegetable roots and tubers Inorganic chemical, Inorganic chemical, rare-earth metals, etc. rare-earth metals, etc. 55 Man-made stapple facbrics Organic Chemicals Oil seeds, fruits, medicinal plants, Ships, boats & floating structures fodder, etc. 10 Major 2, Major 5,706.8 Others 1,929.9 Others 3,510.8 Total 4,336.4 Total 9,217.6 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. 96

119 of ASEAN 6 to China by 2 Digits HS Code, (US$ Million) HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 2, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 2, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of 2, Min fuels, min oils & prd of distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax 39 Plastics and articles thereof Plastics and articles thereof Wood and articles of wood; Organic chemicals wood charcoal 29 Organic chemicals Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal 15 Anml /veg fats & oils; preprd edibl Anml /veg fats & oils; preprd edibl fats; anml or veg waxes fats; anml or veg waxes 47 Wood pulp & waste of Rubber and articles thereof paper/paperboard 48 Paper/paperboard, artcls of Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, paper pulp measuring, precision, medcl instr. 40 Rubber and articles thereof Postal packages and postal transactions 10 Major 10, Major 21,036.6 Others 2,475.0 Others 4,231.6 Total 13,102.3 Total 25,268.3 of ASEAN 6 from China by 2 Digits HS Code, (US$ Million) HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 6, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 6,100.9 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 2, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 4,166.5 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of 1, Min fuels, min oils & prd of distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax 10 Cereals Inor chemicals; org/inor compnds of precs metals/rd.active elmn Cotton, including yarn and woven Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, fabric thereof measuring, precision, medcl instr. 90 Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, Plastics and articles thereof measuring, precision, medcl instr. 72 Iron and steel Apparel articles & accessories, knitted/crocheted 28 Inor chemicals; org/inor compnds of Articles of iron or steel precs metals/rd.active elmn 29 Organic chemicals Organic chemicals Articles of iron or steel Aluminum and articles thereof Major 12, Major 13,677.5 Others 4,971.3 Others 6,114.8 Total 17,710.0 Total 19,

120 Table V.35. Ten Major Export Commodities of ASEAN HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of 2, Min fuels, min oils & prd of 3,247.3 distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax 44 Wood and articles of wood; 1, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 1,496.1 wood charcoal sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 1,171.5 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment mechan applnc/ parts 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & Wood and articles of wood; mechan applnc/ parts wood charcoal 24 Tobacco and manuf tobacco Miscellaneous chemical products substitutes 40 Rubber and articles thereof Rubber and articles thereof Anml /veg fats & oils; preprd edibl Organic chemicals fats; anml or veg waxes 38 Miscellaneous chemical products Ores, slag and ash Organic chemicals Iron and steel Manmade staple fibres, Copper and articles thereof includ yarns & wovn fabrcs 10 Major 5, Major 7,725.5 Others Others 1,721.2 Total 6,125.9 Total 9,446.7 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Table V.36. Ten Major Import Commodities of ASEAN HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 2, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 4,760.8 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 1,429.9 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 72 Iron and steel Min fuels, min oils & prd of 1,400.6 distillation; bitum substan; min wax 39 Plastics and articles thereof Iron and steel Manmade staple fibres, includ Plastics and articles thereof yarns & wovn fabrcs 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of Ships, boats and floating stuctures distillation; bitum substan; min wax 41 Raw hides/skins (oth than furskins) Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs & leather stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin 73 Articles of iron or steel Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, rolling stock); parts & accessories 54 Manmade filaments, includ yarns Organic chemicals & wovn fabrcs 29 Organic chemicals Manmade staple fibres, includ yarns & wovn fabrcs Major 5, Major 10,825.5 Others 1,453.2 Others 2,468.9 Total 7,148.1 Total 13,294.4 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. 98

121 to Republic of Korea by 2 Digits HS Code, (US$ Million) HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of 4, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 5,293.2 distillation; bitum substan; min wax sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 3, Min fuels, min oils & prd of 4,071.0 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment distillation; bitum substan; min wax 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 2, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 1,546.1 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 44 Wood and articles of wood; Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal wood charcoal 26 Ores, slag and ash Ores, slag and ash Others Organic chemicals Organic chemicals Rubber and articles thereof Rubber and articles thereof Miscellaneous chemical products Miscellaneous chemical products Plastics and articles thereof Copper and articles thereof Manmade staple fibres, includ yarns & wovn fabrcs 10 Major 12, Major 12,516.5 Others 2,260.6 Others 2,194.1 Total 14,509.5 Total 14,710.6 from Republic of Korea by 2 Digits HS Code, (US$ Million) HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 6, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 5,557.2 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 1, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 1,309.0 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of Min fuels, min oils & prd of distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax 29 Organic chemicals Iron and steel Plastics and articles thereof Plastics and articles thereof Iron and steel Organic chemicals Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, rolling stock); parts & accessories rolling stock); parts & accessories 73 Articles of iron or steel Articles of iron or steel Ships, boats and floating stuctures Manmade filaments, includ yarns & wovn fabrcs 54 Manmade filaments, includ yarns Paper/paperboard, artcls of & wovn fabrcs paper pulp 10 Major 12, Major 10,603.2 Others 2,701.1 Others 2,453.9 Total 15,070.5 Total 13,

122 Table V.37. Ten Major Export Commodities of ASEAN HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 1,384.3 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of Min fuels, min oils & prd of 1,090.9 distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 44 Wood and articles of wood; Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs wood charcoal stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin 39 Plastics and articles thereof Plastics and articles thereof Rubber and articles thereof Rubber and articles thereof Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, Wood and articles of wood; measuring, precision, medcl instr. wood charcoal 98 Postal packages and Organic chemicals postal transactions 55 Manmade staple fibres, includ yarns Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, & wovn fabrcs measuring, precision, medcl instr. 15 Anml /veg fats & oils; preprd edibl Postal packages and postal 96.3 fats; anml or veg waxes transactions 10 Major 2, Major 4,304.0 Others 1,244.2 Others 1,802.0 Total 3,696.5 Total 6,106.0 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Table V.38. Ten Major Import Commodities of ASEAN HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of Min fuels, min oils & prd of 1,014.3 distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & Cereals mechan applnc/ parts 71 Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin mechan applnc/ parts 72 Iron and steel Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin 10 Cereals Dairy prd, brd eggs, honey & o edble anml prd 76 Aluminum and articles thereof El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 04 Dairy prd, brd eggs, honey & o edble Aluminum and articles thereof anml prd 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; Cotton, including yarn and woven sound eqpmnt; tv equipment fabric thereof 74 Copper and articles thereof Iron and steel Cotton, including yarn and woven Live animals fabric thereof 10 Major 3, Major 5,343.3 Others 2,020.9 Others 3,345.5 Total 5,392.1 Total 8,688.8 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. 100

123 to Australia by 2 Digits HS Code, (US$ Million) HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of 1, Min fuels, min oils & prd of 2,173.1 distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 1, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 1,350.7 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 1, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 44 Wood and articles of wood; Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs wood charcoal stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin 87 Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, Vehcl, (not railway, tramway, rolling stock); parts & accessories rolling stock); parts & accessories 39 Plastics and articles thereof Plastics and articles thereof Articles of iron or steel Articles of iron or steel Furniture; bedding, mattresses; Paper/paperboard, artcls of other lamps & light fitting paper pulp 48 Paper/paperboard, artcls of Postal packages and postal paper pulp transactions 71 Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs Organic chemicals stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin 10 Major 6, Major 6,369.9 Others 2,276.8 Others 2,125.6 Total 8,402.7 Total 8,495.5 from Australia by 2 Digits HS Code, (US$ Million) HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 1, El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; 1,711.5 sound eqpmnt; tv equipment sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of 1, Min fuels, min oils & prd of 1,288.5 distillation; bitum substan; min wax distillation; bitum substan; min wax 10 Cereals Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & mechan applnc/ parts 04 Dairy prd, brd eggs, honey & o edble Cotton, including yarn and woven anml prd fabric thereof 52 Cotton, including yarn and woven Dairy prd, brd eggs, honey & o edble fabric thereof anml prd 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & Cereals mechan applnc/ parts 76 Aluminum and articles thereof Aluminum and articles thereof Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin 74 Copper and articles thereof Copper and articles thereof Sugars and sugar confectionary Sugars and sugar confectionary Major 5, Major 6,622.8 Others 2,913.7 Others 2,885.7 Total 8,674.4 Total 9,

124 Table V.39. Ten Major Export Commodities HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of Anml /veg fats & oils; preprd edibl distillation; bitum substan; min wax fats; anml or veg waxes 73 Articles of iron or steel Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & mechan applnc/ parts 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; mechan applnc/ parts sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; Min fuels, min oils & prd of sound eqpmnt; tv equipment distillation; bitum substan; min wax 15 Anml /veg fats & oils; preprd edibl Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs fats; anml or veg waxes stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin 74 Copper and articles thereof Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof Postal packages and postal transactions Organic chemicals Plastics and articles thereof Plastics and articles thereof Organic chemicals Postal packages and postal transactions Wood and articles of wood; Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, 77.5 wood charcoal measuring, precision, medcl instr. 10 Major 1, Major 2,944.3 Others Others Total 1,484.0 Total 3,722.8 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Table V.40. Ten Major Import Commodities HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 23 Food industry residues; Food industry residues; prepared animal feed prepared animal feed 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & Cereals mechan applnc/ parts 71 Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin mechan applnc/ parts 76 Aluminum and articles thereof El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 52 Cotton, including yarn and Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs woven fabric thereof stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin 72 Iron and steel Cotton, including yarn and woven fabric thereof 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; Fish, crustacns & aquatic invertebrts sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of Organic chemicals distillation; bitum substan; min wax 62 Apparel artcls & accessories, Iron and steel not knitted/crocheted 29 Organic chemicals Meat and edible meat offal Major Major 1,817.0 Others Others 1,026.8 Total 1,429.6 Total 2,843.8 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. 102

125 of ASEAN 6 to India by 2 Digits HS Code, (US$ Million) HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 1, Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & 1,068.3 mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 15 Anml /veg fats & oils; preprd edibl 1, Anml /veg fats & oils; preprd edibl fats; anml or veg waxes fats; anml or veg waxes 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; distillation; bitum substan; min wax sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 85 El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; Min fuels, min oils & prd of sound eqpmnt; tv equipment distillation; bitum substan; min wax 29 Organic chemicals Organic chemicals Plastics and articles thereof Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin 26 Ores, slag and ash Plastics and articles thereof Miscellaneous chemical products Manmade filaments, includ yarns & wovn fabrcs 90 Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, Optcl, photo/cinmatgraphic, measuring, precision, medcl instr. measuring, precision, medcl instr. 54 Manmade filaments, includ yarns & Ores, slag and ash wovn fabrcs 10 Major 4, Major 4,504.3 Others 1,331.6 Others 1,357.0 Total 6,307.6 Total 5,861.3 of ASEAN 6 from India by 2 Digits HS Code, (US$ Million) HS Commodities Value HS Commodities Value (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & Nuclear reactors, boilers, machnry & mechan applnc/ parts mechan applnc/ parts 71 Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 29 Organic chemicals Nat or cultred pearls, prec/semiprecs stn/metal; imitation jewelry; coin 23 Food industry residues; Organic chemicals prepared animal feed 27 Min fuels, min oils & prd of Food industry residues; distillation; bitum substan; min wax prepared animal feed 76 Aluminum and articles thereof Meat and edible meat offal El. machnry, eqpmnt & parts; Aluminum and articles thereof sound eqpmnt; tv equipment 72 Iron and steel Min fuels, min oils & prd of distillation; bitum substan; min wax 02 Meat and edible meat offal Iron and steel Cotton, including yarn and Cereals woven fabric thereof 10 Major 2, Major 2,456.2 Others 1,012.5 Others 1,133.7 Total 3,134.4 Total 3,

126 Table V.41. ASEAN 6 Top-20 Export Commodities SITC Commodities Exports SITC Commodities Exports (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 17, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 40, Automatic data processing machines 13, Automatic data processing machines 30, Petroleum oils and products 9, Parts & accsories for office machn & 18,552 autm data proc 759 Parts & accsories for office machn & 8, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & 12,892 autm data proc parts 333 Crude petroleum 8, Petroleum oils and products 12, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 7, Crude petroleum 10, Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked 6, Natural gas, w/not liquified 7, Natural gas, w/not liquified 4, Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked 6, Radio broadcast receivers 4, Natural rubber 6, Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers 4, Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers 5, Natural rubber 3, Radio broadcast receivers 5, TV receivers 3, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 5, Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft 3, TV receivers 4, Artcls of apparel of textile fabrics 3, Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft 4, Men's/boys' coats, trousers, 3, Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES 4,332 shirts of woven textile 036 Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld 3, Footwear 4, Footwear 3, Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld 3, Women's/girls' coats, trousers, 2, Furniture and parts 3,339 dresses of woven txl 248 Wood, simply worked 2, Artcls of apparel of textile fabrics 3, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 2, Men's/boys' coats, trousers, shirts of woven textile 3, Major 116, Major 193,055 Others 90,256 Others 130,306 Total 206,637 Total 323,361 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Table V.42. ASEAN 6 Top-20 Import Commodities SITC Commodities Imports SITC Commodities Imports (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 21, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 44, Crude petroleum 10, Crude petroleum 15, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 9, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 13, Petroleum oils and products 7, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 13, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 6, Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr 9,737 Industries & Prts 772 Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 5, Petroleum oils and products 9, Aircraft, eqpmnt & parts 5, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 8, Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr 4, Automatic data processing machines 7,976 Industries & Prts 752 Automatic data processing machines 4, Aircraft, eqpmnt & parts 6, Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES 4, Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES 6, Mtr cars & O mtr vehicles for person transportation 3, Parts & accsories for tractors, mtr cars & O mtr vehc 6, Iron/Nonalloy Steel Flat-Rolled Prod, 3, Civil Enginring & Contractors' Plant & Equipment 4,631 Not clad/coated 716 Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S. 3, Mtr cars & O mtr vehicles for person 4,596 transportation 784 Parts & accsories for tractors, mtr cars & O mtr vehc 3, Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts 4, Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts 3, Iron/Nonalloy Steel Flat-Rolled Prod, 4,174 Not clad/coated 874 Measuring/Analysing/Controlling Instr & Apprtus 2, Ships, boats & floating structures 4, Internal Combustn Piston Engines & Prts Throf, N.E.S. 2, Measuring/Analysing/Controlling Instr & Apprtus 4, Ships, boats & floating structures 2, Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S. 3, Civil Enginring & Contractors' Plant & Equipment 2, Mechanical handling eqpmnt & parts 3, Miscell Chemical Products, N.E.S. 2, Musical Instr, Recrds, Tapes & O Sd Recordings 3, Major 106, Major 178,311 Others 116,607 Others 172,295 Total 223,311 Total 350,606 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. 104

127 by 3 Digits-SITC Code in 1993, 1996, 2000 and 2001 (US$ Million) SITC Commodities Exports SITC Commodities Exports (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 70, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 57, Automatic data processing machines 37, Automatic data processing machines 33, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 32, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 27, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 19, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 17, Petroleum oils and products 14, Petroleum oils and products 13, Crude petroleum 11, Crude petroleum 10, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 10, Natural gas, w/not liquified 10, Natural gas, w/not liquified 10, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 8, Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES 6, Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES 5, Radio broadcast receivers 5, Radio broadcast receivers 4, Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers 5, Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers 4, TV receivers 5, Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft 4, Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft 4, TV receivers 4, Furniture and parts 4, Furniture and parts 4, Artcls of apparel of textile fabrics 4, Artcls of apparel of textile fabrics 4, Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked 4, Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked 3, Natural rubber 3, Natural rubber 3, Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld 3, Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld 3, Eltrcal power mach and parts 3, Men's/boys' coats, trousers, shirts of woven textile 2, Men's/boys' coats, trousers, shirts of woven textile 3, Eltrcal power mach and parts 2, Major 260, Major 225,998 Others 147,330 Others 140,836 Total 408,132 Total 366,835 by 3 Digits-SITC Code in 1993, 1996, 2000 and 2001 (US$ Million) SITC Commodities Imports SITC Commodities Imports (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 64, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 52, Crude petroleum 23, Crude petroleum 22, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 17, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 16, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 13, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 12, Petroleum oils and products 13, Petroleum oils and products 10, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 10, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 8, Automatic data processing machines 9, Automatic data processing machines 8, Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES 8, Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES 6, Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr 6, Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr 4,625 Industries & Prts Industries & Prts 874 Measuring/Analysing/Controlling Instr & Apprtus 4, Aircraft, eqpmnt & parts 4, Parts & accsories for tractors, mtr cars & O mtr vehc 3, Measuring/Analysing/Controlling Instr & Apprtus 3, Eltrcal power mach and parts 3, Parts & accsories for tractors, mtr cars & O mtr vehc 3, Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S. 3, Ships, boats & floating structures 2, Manufactures Of Base Metal, N.E.S. 2, Eltrcal power mach and parts 2, Musical Instrumnts, Recrds, Tapes & O Sd Recrds 2, Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S. 2, Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts 2, Civil Enginring & Contractors' Plant & Equipment 2, Aircraft, eqpmnt & parts 2, Pumps for air, gas compressors & fans 2, Internal Combustn Piston Engines & Prts Throf, N.E.S. 2, Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts 2, Copper 2, Manufactures Of Base Metal, N.E.S. 2, Mtr cars & O mtr vehicles for person transportation 2, Internal Combustn Piston Engines & Prts Throf, N.E.S. 2, Major 199, Major 177,816 Others 142,444 Others 135,096 Total 342,203 Total 312,

128 Table V.43. Share of ASEAN 6 Top-20 Export Commodities SITC Commodities Exports SITC Commodities Exports (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc Automatic data processing machines Automatic data processing machines Petroleum oils and products Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Crude petroleum Petroleum oils and products Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Crude petroleum Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked Natural gas, w/not liquified Natural gas, w/not liquified Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked Radio broadcast receivers Natural rubber Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers Natural rubber Radio broadcast receivers TV receivers Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft TV receivers Artcls of apparel of textile fabrics Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft Men's/boys' coats, trousers, shirts of woven textile Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld Footwear Footwear Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld Women's/girls' coats, trousers, dresses of woven txl Furniture and parts Wood, simply worked Artcls of apparel of textile fabrics Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Men's/boys' coats, trousers, shirts of woven textile Major Major 59.7 Others 43.7 Others 40.3 Total Total Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Table V.44. Shares of ASEAN 6 Top-20 Import Commodities SITC Commodities Imports SITC Commodities Imports (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc Crude petroleum Crude petroleum Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Petroleum oils and products Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr 2.8 Industries & Prts 772 Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Petroleum oils and products Aircraft, eqpmnt & parts Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr Automatic data processing machines 2.3 Industries & Prts 752 Automatic data processing machines Aircraft, eqpmnt & parts Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Mtr cars & O mtr vehicles for person transportation Parts & accsories for tractors, mtr cars & O mtr vehc Iron/Nonalloy Steel Flat-Rolled Prod, Civil Enginring & Contractors' Plant & Equipment 1.3 Not clad/coated 716 Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S Mtr cars & O mtr vehicles for person 1.3 transportation 784 Parts & accsories for tractors, mtr cars & O mtr vehc Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Iron/Nonalloy Steel Flat-Rolled Prod, 1.2 Not clad/coated 874 Measuring/Analysing/Controlling Instr & Apprtus Ships, boats & floating structures Internal Combustn Piston Engines & Prts Throf, N.E.S Measuring/Analysing/Controlling Instr & Apprtus Ships, boats & floating structures Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S Civil Enginring & Contractors' Plant & Equipment Mechanical handling eqpmnt & parts Miscell Chemical Products, N.E.S Musical Instrumnts, Recrds, Tapes & O Sd Recrds Major Major 50.9 Others 52.2 Others 49.1 Total Total Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. 106

129 by 3 Digits-SITC Code in 1993, 1996, 2000 and 2001 (US$ Million) SITC Commodities Exports SITC Commodities Exports (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc Automatic data processing machines Automatic data processing machines Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Petroleum oils and products Petroleum oils and products Crude petroleum Crude petroleum Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Natural gas, w/not liquified Natural gas, w/not liquified Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Radio broadcast receivers Radio broadcast receivers Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers TV receivers Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft TV receivers Furniture and parts Furniture and parts Artcls of apparel of textile fabrics Artcls of apparel of textile fabrics Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked Natural rubber Natural rubber Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld Eltrcal power mach and parts Men's/boys' coats, trousers, shirts of woven textile Men's/boys' coats, trousers, shirts of woven textile Eltrcal power mach and parts Major Major 61.6 Others 36.1 Others 38.4 Total Total by 3 Digits-SITC Code in 1993, 1996, 2000 and 2001 (US$ Million) SITC Commodities Imports SITC Commodities Imports (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc Crude petroleum Crude petroleum Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Petroleum oils and products Petroleum oils and products Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Automatic data processing machines Automatic data processing machines Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr 1.5 Industries & Prts Industries & Prts 874 Measuring/Analysing/Controlling Instr & Apprtus Aircraft, eqpmnt & parts Parts & accsories for tractors, mtr cars & O mtr vehc Measuring/Analysing/Controlling Instr & Apprtus Eltrcal power mach and parts Parts & accsories for tractors, mtr cars & O mtr vehc Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S Ships, boats & floating structures Manufactures Of Base Metal, N.E.S Eltrcal power mach and parts Musical Instrumnts, Recrds, Tapes & O Sd Recrds Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Civil Enginring & Contractors' Plant & Equipment Aircraft, eqpmnt & parts Pumps for air, gas compressors & fans Internal Combustn Piston Engines & Prts Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts 0.8 Throf, N.E.S. 682 Copper Manufactures Of Base Metal, N.E.S Mtr cars & O mtr vehicles for person transportation Internal Combustn Piston Engines & Prts 0.8 Throf, N.E.S. 20 Major Major 56.8 Others 41.6 Others 43.2 Total Total

130 Graphic V.23. Share of Top-ten Export Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digit-SITC, 2001 Graphic V.24. Share of Top-ten Import Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digit-SITC,

131 Table V.45. Trend of ASEAN 6 Exports of 1996 Top-20 Commodities by 3 Digits-SITC Code, (US$ Million) SITC Commodities (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 17,872 25,779 35,095 40,659 48,267 49,418 59,635 70,604 57, Automatic data processing machines 13,892 17,955 22,926 30,219 33,546 30,195 32,458 37,822 33, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 8,560 12,389 15,718 18,552 21,478 23,881 28,469 32,706 27, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 7,828 11,032 12,172 12,892 13,540 12,107 13,352 19,267 17, Petroleum oils and products 9,051 8,969 9,463 12,433 12,091 8,128 9,597 14,910 13, Crude petroleum 8,432 8,225 8,646 10,249 9,514 6,300 8,805 11,355 10, Natural gas, w/not liquified 4,793 4,934 6,431 7,350 7,858 6,661 6,194 10,011 10, Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked 6,303 5,734 5,657 6,591 5,840 3,735 4,310 4,051 3, Natural rubber 3,468 4,292 6,527 6,487 4,799 3,339 2,860 3,623 3, Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers 4,045 5,688 5,840 5,493 4,923 3,963 3,847 5,176 4, Radio broadcast receivers 4,298 5,329 5,750 5,290 4,332 3,971 4,431 5,691 4, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 2,541 3,689 4,539 5,182 6,054 7,204 7,801 10,083 8, TV receivers 3,447 4,356 4,668 4,906 4,029 3,406 3,376 5,057 4, Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft 3,344 4,636 5,461 4,883 6,740 6,636 5,970 4,823 4, Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES 2,227 3,469 4,076 4,332 4,627 4,293 4,979 6,924 5, Footwear 3,166 3,827 4,621 4,131 3,129 2,384 2,748 2,828 2, Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld 3,248 3,866 4,076 3,740 3,367 3,144 2,951 3,505 3, Furniture and parts 2,266 2,665 2,693 3,339 3,176 2,534 3,814 4,551 4, Artcls of apparel of textile fabrics 3,342 3,218 3,255 3,226 3,190 3,037 3,473 4,075 4, Men's/boys' coats, trousers, shirts of woven textile 3,300 3,489 3,366 3,103 2,705 2,639 2,826 3,202 2,875 Total 115, , , , , , , , ,753 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Note: Singapore data for are not available at details. Breakdown by 3 digits-sitc was estimated based on previous pattern. Table V.46. Trend of ASEAN 6 Imports of 1996 Top-20 Commodities by 3 Digits-SITC Code, (US$ Million) SITC Commodities (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 21,128 31,263 41,654 44,976 50,536 47,479 52,512 64,252 52, Crude petroleum 10,717 10,362 11,653 15,263 17,104 10,557 14,312 23,317 22, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 9,140 11,057 12,572 13,423 14,307 9,021 9,833 13,527 12, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 6,407 7,711 11,682 13,248 17,363 13,918 14,311 17,160 16, Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr Industries & Prts 4,913 6,512 8,106 9,737 8,996 5,199 4,739 6,427 4, Petroleum oils and products 7,188 7,285 7,739 9,457 9,856 6,529 7,774 13,012 10, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 5,766 7,498 8,177 8,677 9,237 8,182 8,325 10,501 8, Automatic data processing machines 4,367 5,976 6,221 7,976 9,071 6,875 7,401 9,139 8, Aircraft, eqpmnt & parts 5,249 4,919 8,625 6,690 7,684 6,086 4,721 2,649 4, Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES 4,117 5,777 6,514 6,678 7,149 5,621 6,156 8,353 6, Parts & accsories for tractors, mtr cars & O mtr vehc 3,246 4,792 6,148 6,071 4,380 1,433 2,021 3,967 3, Civil Enginring & Contractors' Plant & Equipment 2,124 2,724 3,817 4,631 4,183 1,837 1,839 2,465 2, Mtr cars & O mtr vehicles for person transportation 3,650 3,954 4,604 4,596 3,715 1,215 2,008 2,495 2, Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts 3,015 3,423 3,927 4,360 4,204 2,811 2,648 2,741 2, Iron/Nonalloy Steel Flat-Rolled Prod, Not clad/coated 3,463 3,196 4,674 4,174 3,777 2,094 2,456 2,435 1, Ships, boats & floating structures 2,191 3,907 3,018 4,073 4,265 3,248 2,783 1,931 2, Measuring/Analysing/Controlling Instrs & Apprtus 2,406 2,832 3,480 4,010 4,508 3,302 3,623 4,670 3, Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S. 3,288 3,321 3,454 3,626 3,818 3,390 2,820 3,256 2, Mechanical handling eqpmnt & parts 1,870 2,356 2,774 3,377 3,331 1,975 1,616 1,917 1, Musical Instrumnts, Recrds, Tapes & O Sd Recrds 1,553 1,972 2,695 3,268 3,073 2,118 2,401 2,777 2,180 Total 105, , , , , , , , ,693 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Note: Singapore data for are not available at details. Breakdown by 3 digits-sitc was estimated based on previous pattern. 109

132 Graphic V.25. Trend of Top-5 Export Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digit-SITC, Graphic V.26. Trend of Top-6 to Top-10 Export Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digit-SITC,

133 Graphic V.27. Trend of Top-11 to Top-15 Export Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digit-SITC, Graphic V.28. Trend of Top-16 to Top-20 Export Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digit-SITC,

134 Graphic V.29. Trend of Top-5 Import Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digit-SITC, Graphic V.30. Trend of Top-6 to Top-10 Import Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digit-SITC,

135 Graphic V.31. Trend of Top-11 to Top-15 Import Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digit-SITC, Graphic V.32. Trend of Top-16 to Top-20 Import Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digit-SITC,

136 Graphic V.33. Share of Top-20 Export Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digits-SITC,

137 Graphic V.34. Share of Top-20 Import Commodities in ASEAN 6 by 3 Digits-SITC,

138 Table V.47. Twenty Major Export Commodities of ASEAN SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 4, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 13, Petroleum oils and products 3, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 6, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 2, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 4, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 2, Petroleum oils and products 3, Crude petroleum 2, Automatic data processing machines 3, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 1, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 2, Automatic data processing machines Crude petroleum 2, Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES 2, Woven fabrics of madmade textile materials Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S. 1, Articles, N.E.S. Of Plastics Jewelry/Goldsmiths' Wares, O Precs/ 1,152 Semiprecs Matrls 716 Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S Eltrcal power mach and parts TV receivers Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr 826 Industries & Prts 422 Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft Tobacco, manufactured Jewelry/Goldsmiths' Wares, O Precs/ Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked 735 Semiprecs Matrls 771 Eltrcal power mach and parts Civil Enginring & Contractors' Plant & Equipment Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers Ships, boats & floating structures Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr Musical Instrumnts, Recrds, Tapes & O Sd Recrds 708 Industries & Prts 248 Wood, simply worked Radio broadcast receivers Radio broadcast receivers Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers Copper Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Major 23, Major 48,186 Others 19,817 Others 32,788 Total Total 80,974 Source and Note: as in Table V.48. Table V.48. Twenty Major Import Commodities of ASEAN SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 4, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 10, Petroleum oils and products 3, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 4, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 2, Petroleum oils and products 4, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 2, Automatic data processing machines 3, Crude petroleum 2, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 2, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 1, Crude petroleum 2, Automatic data processing machines 1, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 2, Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers 1, Edible Products And Preparations, N.E.S. 1, Radio broadcast receivers Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES 1, Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Rice 1, TV receivers Eltrcal power mach and parts Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S Wood, simply worked Gold, Nonmonetary (Exclud Gold Ores/ 791 Concentrates) 771 Eltrcal power mach and parts Wood, simply worked Articles, N.E.S. Of Plastics Musical Instrumnts, Recrds, Tapes & O Sd Recrds Eqpmnt for distributing eltrcity TV receivers Gold, Nonmonetary (Exclud Gold Ores/ Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts 591 Concentrates) 741 Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Sugar and honey Natural rubber Natural rubber Anml/Vg Fats & Oils Procssd; Waxes, Inedbl Mixtures Radio broadcast receivers Major 24, Major 41,477 Others 14,533 Others 22,734 Total 38,763 Total 64,211 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Note: Singapore data for are not available at details. Breakdown by 3 digits-sitc was estimated based on previous pattern. 116

139 to ASEAN by 3 Digits-SITC Code, (US$ Million) SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 16, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 13, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 10, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 8, Petroleum oils and products 5, Petroleum oils and products 5, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 5, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 4, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 3, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 3, Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES 2, Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES 2, Crude petroleum 2, Crude petroleum 2, Automatic data processing machines 2, Automatic data processing machines 1, Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S. 1, Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S. 1, Eltrcal power mach and parts 1, TV receivers 1, Natural rubber 1, Eltrcal power mach and parts TV receivers Tobacco, manufactured Eqpmnt for distributing eltrcity Eqpmnt for distributing eltrcity Paper And Paperboard Natural rubber Tobacco, manufactured Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Paper And Paperboard Copper Copper Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked Articles, N.E.S. Of Plastics Hydrocarbons, N.E.S & Their Derivatives Hydrocarbons, N.E.S & Their Derivatives Woven fabrics of madmade textile materials Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr 563 Industries & Prts 20 Major 60, Major 51,168 Others 34,778 Others 32,296 Total 94,798 Total 83,464 from ASEAN by 3 Digits-SITC Code, (US$ Million) SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 13, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 12, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 6, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 5, Petroleum oils and products 4, Automatic data processing machines 3, Automatic data processing machines 3, Petroleum oils and products 3, Crude petroleum 3, Crude petroleum 2, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 2, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 2, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 2, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 2, Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES 1, Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES 1, Eltrcal power mach and parts 1, Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S. 1, Eltrcal power mach and parts Hydrocarbons, N.E.S & Their Derivatives Hydrocarbons, N.E.S & Their Derivatives Radio broadcast receivers Radio broadcast receivers Eqpmnt for distributing eltrcity Natural gas, w/not liquified Articles, N.E.S. Of Plastics Eqpmnt for distributing eltrcity Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers Articles, N.E.S. Of Plastics TV receivers Copper Manufactures Of Base Metal, N.E.S TV receivers Musical Instrumnts, Recrds, Tapes & O Sd Recrds Paper And Paperboard Rice Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Major 48, Major 42,123 Others 23,547 Others 23,105 Total 71,973 Total 65,

140 Table V.49. Twenty Major Export Commodities of ASEAN SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 752 Automatic data processing machines 3, Automatic data processing machines 6, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 2, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 5, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 1, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 3, Radio broadcast receivers 1, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 1, Artcls of apparel of textile fabrics 1, Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked 1, Footwear 1, Radio broadcast receivers 1, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Artcls of apparel of textile fabrics 1, Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers 1, TV receivers Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft 1, Men's/boys' coats, trousers, shirts of woven textile Footwear 1, Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft Copper ores & concentrates 1, Vegt, Frsh, Chld, Fzn, Simply Preservd; Roots, Tubers Natural rubber Wood, simply worked TV receivers Women's/girls' coats, trousers, dresses of woven txl Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Natural rubber Baby Carriages, Toys, Games & Sporting Goods Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld Baby Carriages, Toys, Games & Sporting Goods Men's/boys' coats, trousers, shirts of woven textile Woven fabrics of madmade textile materials Furniture and parts Furniture and parts Textile yarns Women's/girls' coats, trousers, dresses knitd/crchted Pearls, Precs & Semiprecs Stones, Unworkd/Workd Major 20, Major 30,716 Others 11,068 Others 16,210 Total 31,392 Total 46,926 Source and Note: as in Table V.50. Table V.50. Twenty Major Import Commodities of ASEAN SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Imports (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 1, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 4, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 1, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 3, Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr 1, Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr 3,132 Industries & Prts Industries & Prts 792 Aircraft, eqpmnt & parts 1, Aircraft, eqpmnt & parts 1, Mtr cars & O mtr vehicles for person transportation Mtr cars & O mtr vehicles for person transportation 1, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 1, Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts 1, Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S Parts & accsories for tractors, mtr cars & O mtr vehc 1, Textl & Leather Machnry & Parts Throf, N.E.S Mechanical handling eqpmnt & parts Paper And Paperboard Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Alcoholic Beverages Civil Enginring & Contractors' Plant & Equipment Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Alcoholic Beverages Paper/Pulp Mill Machnry, Ppr Cutting Machns & Prts Paper/Pulp Mill Machnry, Ppr Cutting Machns & Prts Pumps for air, gas compressors & fans Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Petroleum oils and products Non eltrical machinery, tools & mechncl apprts Mechanical handling eqpmnt & parts Pumps for air, gas compressors & fans Measuring/Analysing/Controlling Instrs & Apprtus Measuring/Analysing/Controlling Instr & Apprtus Pearls, Precs & Semiprecs Stones, Unworkd/Workd Paper And Paperboard Metalworking Machnry (O Than Mach Tools) & Prts Automatic data processing machines Internal Combustn Piston Engines & Prts Throf, N.E.S Eqpmnt for distributing eltrcity Major 14, Major 27,111 Others 17,741 Others 30,269 Total 31,822 Total 57,381 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Note: Singapore data for are not available at details. Breakdown by 3 digits-sitc was estimated based on previous pattern. 118

141 to European Union by 3 Digits-SITC Code, (US$ Million) SITC Commodities Exports SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 14, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 12, Automatic data processing machines 8, Automatic data processing machines 8, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 4, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 3, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 1, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 1, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 1, Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers 1, TV receivers 1, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 1, Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers 1, Artcls of apparel of textile fabrics 1, Radio broadcast receivers 1, Radio broadcast receivers 1, Artcls of apparel of textile fabrics 1, Org-Inorganic/Heterocyclic Compounds & 1,036 their Salts 821 Furniture and parts 1, Furniture and parts Footwear Footwear Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft Org-Inorganic/Heterocyclic Compounds & Men's/boys' coats, trousers, shirts of woven textile 665 their Salts 841 Men's/boys' coats, trousers, shirts of woven textile Copper ores & concentrates Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Natural rubber Natural rubber Women's/girls' coats, trousers, dresses of woven txl Mtr vehicles for goods Copper ores & concentrates Mtr cars & O mtr vehicles for person transportation Mtr vehicles for goods Women's/girls' coats, trousers, dresses of woven txl Wood manufactures, NES Artcls of apprel & clthing accsories of O than txl fabr Major 43, Major 39,529 Others 16,848 Others 16,611 Total 60,415 Total 56,139 from European Union by 3 Digits-SITC Code, (US$ Million) SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 6, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 6, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 2, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 2, Automatic data processing machines 1, Automatic data processing machines 1, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 1, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 1, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr 851 Industries & Prts Industries & Prts 778 Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Measuring/Analysing/Controlling Instr & Apprtus Parts & accsories for tractors, mtr cars & O mtr vehc Mtr cars & O mtr vehicles for person transportation Mtr cars & O mtr vehicles for person transportation Petroleum oils and products Medicaments (Includ Veterinary Medicaments) Parts & accsories for tractors, mtr cars & O mtr vehc Measuring/Analysing/Controlling Instr & Apprtus Paper And Paperboard Pumps for air, gas compressors & fans Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Petroleum oils and products Medicaments (Includ Veterinary Medicaments) Paper And Paperboard Alcoholic Beverages Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Aircraft, eqpmnt & parts Miscell Chemical Products, N.E.S Pumps for air, gas compressors & fans Alcoholic Beverages Miscell Chemical Products, N.E.S Mechanical handling eqpmnt & parts Perfumery/Cosmetics/Toilet Prepartns, Perfumery/Cosmetics/Toilet Prepartns, 403 Excld Soaps Excld Soaps 575 Plastics, N.E.S., In Primary Forms Org-Inorganic/Heterocyclic Compounds & 381 their Salts 20 Major 20, Major 20,713 Others 18,450 Others 18,845 Total 38,792 Total 39,

142 Table V.51. Twenty Major Export Commodities of ASEAN SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 752 Automatic data processing machines 6, Automatic data processing machines 12, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 5, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 8, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 3, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 4, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 1, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 2, Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers 1, Crude petroleum 1, Radio broadcast receivers 1, Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers 1, Footwear 1, Radio broadcast receivers 1, Women's/girls' coats, trousers, dresses of woven txl 1, Women's/girls' coats, trousers, dresses of woven txl 1, Men's/boys' coats, trousers, shirts of woven textile 1, Men's/boys' coats, trousers, shirts of woven txl 1, Artcls of apparel of textile fabrics 1, Artcls of apparel of textile fabrics 1, Baby Carriages, Toys, Games & Sporting Goods Footwear 1, Natural rubber Natural rubber 1, Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld Baby Carriages, Toys, Games & Sporting Goods Furniture and parts Artcls of apprel & clthing accsories of O than txl fabr Artcls of apprel & clthing accsories of O than txl fabr Furniture and parts TV receivers Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld Fish, crustcns & O aqtic invtbr prepd/presrved NES Men's/boys' coats, trousers, shirts knitted/crocheted Crude petroleum Fish, crustcns & O aqtic invtbr prepd/presrved NES Women's/girls' coats, trousers, dresses knitd/crchted Aircraft, eqpmnt & parts Major 30, Major 46,342 Others 11,337 Others 13,174 Total 42,008 Total 59,515 Source and Note: as in Table V.52. Table V.52. Twenty Major Import Commodities of ASEAN SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 5, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 10, Aircraft, eqpmnt & parts 3, Aircraft, eqpmnt & parts 4, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 1, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 3, Automatic data processing machines 1, Automatic data processing machines 1, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 1, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 1, Miscell Chemical Products, N.E.S Measuring/Analysing/Controlling Instr & Apprtus 1, Engins & Motors, Nonelec (O Than Stm Turbns) & Prts Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr 1,474 Industries & Prts 874 Measuring/Analysing/Controlling Instr & Apprtus Musical Instrumnts, Recrds, Tapes & O Sd Recrds 1, Musical Instrumnts, Recrds, Tapes & O Sd Recrds Civil Enginring & Contractors' Plant & Equipment 1, Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts 842 Industries & Prts 723 Civil Enginring & Contractors' Plant & Equipment Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Miscell Chemical Products, N.E.S Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Pumps for air, gas compressors & fans Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Internal Combustn Piston Engines & 606 Prts Throf, N.E.S. 334 Petroleum oils and products Paper And Paperboard Tobacco, manufactured Wheat & meslin unmilled Internal Combustn Piston Engines & Prts Oil Seeds & Oleaginous Frts For Soft Fixed 488 Throf, N.E.S. Vegt Oils 743 Pumps for air, gas compressors & fans Mechanical handling eqpmnt & parts Paper And Paperboard Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S Major 21, Major 34,089 Others 11,730 Others 18,923 Total 33,713 Total 53,011 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Note: Singapore data for are not available at details. Breakdown by 3 digits-sitc was estimated based on previous pattern. 120

143 to USA by 3 Digits-SITC Code, (US$ Million) SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 14, Automatic data processing machines 10, Automatic data processing machines 10, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 9, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 8, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 5, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 3, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 3, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 2, Artcls of apparel of textile fabrics 2, Women's/girls' coats, trousers, dresses of woven txl 1, Women's/girls' coats, trousers, dresses of woven txl 1, Artcls of apparel of textile fabrics 1, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 1, Men's/boys' coats, trousers, shirts of woven textile 1, Men's/boys' coats, trousers, shirts of woven textile 1, Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers 1, Furniture and parts 1, Furniture and parts 1, Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers 1, Radio broadcast receivers 1, Footwear Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld 1, Radio broadcast receivers Footwear 1, Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld Fish, crustcns & O aqtic invtbr prepd/presrved NES Fish, crustcns & O aqtic invtbr prepd/presrved NES Artcls of apprel & clthing accsories of O than txl fabr Artcls of apprel & clthing accsories of O than txl fabr Women's/girls' coats, trousers, dresses knitd/crchted Crude petroleum Crude petroleum Women's/girls' coats, trousers, dresses knitd/crchted Men's/boys' coats, trousers, shirts knitted/crocheted Men's/boys' coats, trousers, shirts knitted/crocheted Baby Carriages, Toys, Games & Sporting Goods Suitcases, Camera Cases, Wallets Of Leather Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Baby Carriages, Toys, Games & Sporting Goods Major 55, Major 45,924 Others 16,240 Others 15,749 Total 71,548 Total 61,672 from USA by 3 Digits-SITC Code, (US$ Million) SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 14, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 12, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 2, Aircraft, eqpmnt & parts 4, Measuring/Analysing/Controlling Instr & Apprtus 2, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 2, Automatic data processing machines 1, Measuring/Analysing/Controlling Instr & Apprtus 1, Aircraft, eqpmnt & parts 1, Automatic data processing machines 1, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 1, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 1, Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr 1, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 907 Industries & Prts 778 Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES 1, Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr 854 Industries & Prts 764 Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 1, Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Musical Instrumnts, Recrds, Tapes & O Sd Recrds Musical Instrumnts, Recrds, Tapes & O Sd Recrds Civil Enginring & Contractors' Plant & Equipment Feeding Stuff For Anmls (Not Incld Unmilled 631 Cereals) 743 Pumps for air, gas compressors & fans Civil Enginring & Contractors' Plant & Equipment Miscell Chemical Products, N.E.S Miscell Chemical Products, N.E.S Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Pumps for air, gas compressors & fans Engins & Motors, Nonelec (O Than Stm Turbns) & Prts Engins & Motors, Nonelec (O Than Stm Turbns) 571 & Prts 222 Oil Seeds & Oleaginous Frts For Soft Fixed Vegt Oils Petroleum oils and products Pulp And Waste Paper Wheat & meslin unmilled Feeding Stuff For Anmls (Not Incld Unmilled Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts 468 Cereals) 334 Petroleum oils and products Cotton Textile Fibers Polyacetals, O Polyethers & Epoxide Resins, Primary Oil Seeds & Oleaginous Frts For Soft Fixed Vegt Oils Major 32, Major 31,785 Others 15,614 Others 13,781 Total 48,350 Total 45,

144 Table V.53. Twenty Major Export Commodities of ASEAN SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 343 Natural gas, w/not liquified 3, Natural gas, w/not liquified 4, Crude petroleum 3, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 4, Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked 2, Automatic data processing machines 3, Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld 1, Crude petroleum 2, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 1, Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked 1, Petroleum oils and products 1, Petroleum oils and products 1, Automatic data processing machines Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 1, Wood in the rough or roughly squared Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld 1, Furniture and parts Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 1, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Natural rubber Natural rubber Furniture and parts Copper ores & concentrates TV receivers Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers Wood, simply worked Copper ores & concentrates Fish, Frsh (Live Or Dead), Chilled Or Frozen Eqpmnt for distributing eltrcity Liquified profane & butane Fish, Frsh (Live Or Dead), Chilled Or Frozen Tobacco, manufactured Wood in the rough or roughly squared Alcoholic Beverages Baby Carriages, Toys, Games & Sporting Goods Meat, O than of Bov, Edible Offal, Frsh, Chld, Fzn Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Radio broadcast receivers Major 20, Major 28,652 Others 10,461 Others 14,498 Total 30,952 Total 43,150 Source and Note: as in Table V.54. Table V.54. Twenty Major Import Commodities of ASEAN SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 6, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 11, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 3, Parts & accsories for tractors, mtr cars & O mtr vehc 4, Parts & accsories for tractors, mtr cars & O mtr vehc 2, Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr 3,098 Industries & Prts 781 Mtr cars & O mtr vehicles for person transportation 2, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 2, Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr 1, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 2,522 Industries & Prts 772 Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 1, Mtr cars & O mtr vehicles for person transportation 2, Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES 1, Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES 2, Iron/Nonalloy Steel Flat-Rolled Prod, 1, Civil Enginring & Contractors' Plant & Equipment 1,818 Not clad/coated 759 Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 1, Internal Combustn Piston Engines & Prts Throf, N.E.S. 1, Internal Combustn Piston Engines & Prts Throf, N.E.S. 1, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 1, Automatic data processing machines 1, Iron/Nonalloy Steel Flat-Rolled Prod, 1,531 Not clad/coated 716 Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S. 1, Mtr vehicles for goods 1, Civil Enginring & Contractors' Plant & Equipment Mechanical handling eqpmnt & parts 1, Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Ships, boats & floating structures 1, Iron & Steel Tubes, Pipes & Hollow Profiles Automatic data processing machines 1, Mtrcycles & cycles motorized/not motorized Mtrcycles & cycles motorized/not motorized 1, Textl & Leather Machnry & Parts Throf, N.E.S Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S. 1, Mechanical handling eqpmnt & parts Measuring/Analysing/Controlling Instr & Apprtus Ships, boats & floating structures Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Pumps for air, gas compressors & fans Manufactures Of Base Metal, N.E.S Major 32, Major 45,310 Others 23,555 Others 28,000 Total 55,703 Total 73,310 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Note: Singapore data for are not available at details. Breakdown by 3 digits-sitc was estimated based on previous pattern. 122

145 to Japan by 3 Digits-SITC Code, (US$ Million) SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 343 Natural gas, w/not liquified 6, Natural gas, w/not liquified 7, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 5, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 6, Automatic data processing machines 4, Automatic data processing machines 3, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 3, Crude petroleum 2, Crude petroleum 2, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 2, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 2, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 1, Petroleum oils and products 1, Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld 1, Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld 1, Petroleum oils and products 1, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 1, Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked 1, Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers Furniture and parts Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES TV receivers Furniture and parts Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S Eqpmnt for distributing eltrcity Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers Radio broadcast receivers Copper ores & concentrates TV receivers Radio broadcast receivers Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Eqpmnt for distributing eltrcity Copper ores & concentrates Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Eltrcal power mach and parts Hshold type eltrcal & non eltrcal eqpmnt NES Fish, crustcns & O aqtic invtbr prepd/presrved NES Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Hshold type eltrcal & non eltrcal eqpmnt NES Major 37, Major 32,765 Others 17,418 Others 15,449 Total 54,668 Total from Japan by 3 Digits-SITC Code, (US$ Million) SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 10, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 8, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 2, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 2, Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES 2, Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 2, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 2, Parts & accsories for tractors, mtr cars & O mtr vehc 2, Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr 2, Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES 2,084 Industries & Prts 784 Parts & accsories for tractors, mtr cars & O mtr vehc 2, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 1, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 2, Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr 1,692 Industries & Prts 673 Iron/Nonalloy Steel Flat-Rolled Prod, 1, Internal Combustn Piston Engines & Prts Throf, N.E.S. 1,214 Not clad/coated 781 Mtr cars & O mtr vehicles for person transportation 1, Mtr cars & O mtr vehicles for person transportation 1, Internal Combustn Piston Engines & Prts Throf, N.E.S. 1, Automatic data processing machines Automatic data processing machines 1, Measuring/Analysing/Controlling Instr & Apprtus Manufactures Of Base Metal, N.E.S Civil Enginring & Contractors' Plant & Equipment Measuring/Analysing/Controlling Instr & Apprtus Iron/Nonalloy Steel Flat-Rolled Prod, 801 Not clad/coated 723 Civil Enginring & Contractors' Plant & Equipment Mtr vehicles for goods Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S Manufactures Of Base Metal, N.E.S Iron/Nonalloy Steel Flat-Rolled Prod, Clad/Coated Mtrcycles & cycles motorized/not motorized Mtr vehicles for goods Pumps for air, gas compressors & fans Gold, Nonmonetary (Exclud Gold Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S. 573 Ores/Concentrates) 743 Pumps for air, gas compressors & fans Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Musical Instrumnts, Recrds, Tapes & O Sd Recrds Machn Tools Working By Removing 547 Metal/O Material 20 Major 39, Major 31,460 Others 26,052 Others 21,469 Total 65,382 Total 52,

146 Table V.55. Twenty Major Export Commodities of ASEAN SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 634 Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked Crude petroleum Petroleum oils and products Petroleum oils and products Crude petroleum Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Anml/Vg Fats & Oils Procssd; Waxes, Inedbl Mixtures Tobacco, manufactured Copper Natural rubber Iron & Steel Bars, Rods, Angles, Shapes & Sections Rice Wood in the rough or roughly squared Copper Ships, boats & floating structures Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Aluminum B Polyacetals, O Polyethers & Epoxide Resins, Primary Liquified profane & butane Aircraft, eqpmnt & parts Paper And Paperboard Petrlm gases & O gases hydrocarbons NES Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr 114 Industries & Prts 248 Wood, simply worked Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Natural rubber Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES. 87 Industries & Prts 785 Mtrcycles & cycles motorized/not motorized Pulp And Waste Paper Polymers Of Ethylene, In Primary Forms Petrlm gases & O gases hydrocarbons NES Alcohols, Phenols, Phenol-Alcohols & Derivatives Fish, Frsh (Live Or Dead), Chilled Or Frozen Major 3, Major 5,125 Others 972 Others 2,349 Total 4,529 Total 7,474 Source and Note: as in Table V.56. Table V.56. Twenty Major Import Commodities of ASEAN SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 334 Petroleum oils and products Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Crude petroleum Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Maize unmilled Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc Tobacco, manufactured Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Cotton fabrics, woven Crude petroleum Woven fabrics of madmade textile materials Lime/Cement/Fabrictd Cons Materls, 221 Excpt Glass/Clay 764 Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S Zinc Vegt, Frsh, Chld, Fzn, Simply Preservd; Roots, Tubers Ships, boats & floating structures Iron Or Steel Ingots & O Primary Forms, 184 Semifinished 263 Cotton Textile Fibers Automatic data processing machines Metallic Salts And Peroxysalts Of Inorganic Acids Eltrcal power mach and parts Baby Carriages, Toys, Games & Sporting Goods Ships, boats & floating structures Oil Seeds & Oleaginous Frts For Soft Fixed Vegt Oils Petroleum oils and products Textile yarns Radio broadcast receivers Vegt, Frsh, Chld, Fzn, Simply Preservd; Roots, Tubers Iron & Steel Bars, Rods, Angles, Shapes & Sections Made-up articles of txtl materials Woven fabrics of madmade textile materials Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Vegt, Roots, Tubers, Prepard Or Preservd, N.E.S Metallic Salts And Peroxysalts Of Inorganic Acids Radio broadcast receivers Cotton fabrics, woven Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr Baby Carriages, Toys, Games & Sporting Goods 132 Industries & Prts 20 Major 1, Major 4,062 Others 2,347 Others 5,155 Total 4,336 Total 9,218 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Note: Singapore data for are not available at details. Breakdown by 3 digits-sitc was estimated based on previous pattern. 124

147 to China by 3 Digits-SITC Code, (US$ Million) SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 759 Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 1, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 3, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 1, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 2, Crude petroleum 1, Petroleum oils and products 2, Petroleum oils and products Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 1, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Pulp And Waste Paper Crude petroleum Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft Paper And Paperboard Natural rubber Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Polymers Of Ethylene, In Primary Forms Polymers Of Ethylene, In Primary Forms Plastics, N.E.S., In Primary Forms Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked Automatic data processing machines Carboxylic Acids & Anhydrides, Halides & Carboxylic Acids & Anhydrides, Halides & 296 Derivatives Derivatives 231 Natural rubber Pulp And Waste Paper Plastics, N.E.S., In Primary Forms Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S Wood in the rough or roughly squared TV receivers Copper Musical Instrumnts, Recrds, Tapes & O Sd Recrds Rice Paper And Paperboard Automatic data processing machines Copper Polyacetals, O Polyethers & Epoxide Resins, Primary Wood, simply worked Major 8, Major 16,469 Others 4,391 Others 8,799 Total 13,102 Total 25,268 from China by 3 Digits-SITC Code, (US$ Million) SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 2, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 2, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 1, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 1, Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 1, Automatic data processing machines Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Automatic data processing machines Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc Petroleum oils and products Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S Crude petroleum Eltrcal power mach and parts Maize unmilled Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S Crude petroleum Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Radio broadcast receivers Eltrcal power mach and parts Petroleum oils and products Radio broadcast receivers Office machines Office machines Eqpmnt for distributing eltrcity Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers Eqpmnt for distributing eltrcity Metallic Salts And Peroxysalts Of Inorganic Acids Cotton Textile Fibers Zinc Woven fabrics of madmade textile materials Artcls of apparel of textile fabrics Metallic Salts And Peroxysalts Of Inorganic Acids Watches And Clocks Watches And Clocks Baby Carriages, Toys, Games & Sporting Goods Cotton fabrics, woven Woven fabrics of madmade textile materials Major 10, Major 11,357 Others 7,296 Others 8,435 Total 17,710 Total 19,

148 Table V.57. Twenty Major Export Commodities of ASEAN SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 333 Crude petroleum 1, Crude petroleum 1, Natural gas, w/not liquified Natural gas, w/not liquified 1, Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 1, Petroleum oils and products Automatic data processing machines Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc Petroleum oils and products Wood, simply worked Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked Automatic data processing machines Natural rubber Tobacco, manufactured Miscell Chemical Products, N.E.S Natural rubber Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Wood in the rough or roughly squared Copper ores & concentrates Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Wood, simply worked Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft Tobacco, manufactured Textile yarns Copper Miscell Chemical Products, N.E.S Pig Iron & Spiegeleisen, Sponge Iron, & Ferroalloys Copper Wood manufactures, NES Copper ores & concentrates Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Wood manufactures, NES Textile yarns Photographic & Cinematographic Supplies Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft Preprd Additivs For Mineral Oils, Lubricting Pulp And Waste Paper 84 Prepartns 20 Major 4, Major 7,163 Others 1,277 Others 2,283 Total 6,126 Total 9,447 Source and Note: as in Table V.58. Table V.58. Twenty Major Import Commodities of ASEAN SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 1, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 3, Woven fabrics of madmade textile materials Crude petroleum 1, Iron/Nonalloy Steel Flat-Rolled Prod, Ships, boats & floating structures 511 Not clad/coated 334 Petroleum oils and products Gold, Nonmonetary (Exclud Gold 436 Ores/Concentrates) 611 Leather Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Woven fabrics of madmade textile materials Special yarns, spc txtl fabrics Petroleum oils and products Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Iron/Nonalloy Steel Flat-Rolled Prod, 297 Not clad/coated 759 Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Mtr cars & O mtr vehicles for person transportation Plastics, N.E.S., In Primary Forms Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr 213 Industries & Prts 571 Polymers Of Ethylene, In Primary Forms Civil Enginring & Contractors' Plant & Equipment Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc 199 Industries & Prts 655 Knitted/crocheted fabrics Iron & Steel Bars, Rods, Angles, Shapes & Sections Gold, Nonmonetary (Exclud Gold Special yarns, spc txtl fabrics 196 Ores/Concentrates) 744 Mechanical handling eqpmnt & parts Leather Textl & Leather Machnry & Parts Throf, N.E.S Iron/Nonalloy Steel Flat-Rolled Prod, Clad/Coated Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Iron/Nonalloy Steel Flat-Rolled Prod, Clad/Coated Hydrocarbons, N.E.S & Their Derivatives Footwear Mechanical handling eqpmnt & parts Major 4, Major 9,160 Others 2,493 Others 4,134 Total 7,148 Total 13,294 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Note: Singapore data for are not available at details. Breakdown by 3 digits-sitc was estimated based on previous pattern. 126

149 to Republic of Korea by 3 Digits-SITC Code, (US$ Million) SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 2, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 3, Natural gas, w/not liquified 1, Crude petroleum 1, Crude petroleum 1, Natural gas, w/not liquified 1, Automatic data processing machines 1, Automatic data processing machines Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Petroleum oils and products Petroleum oils and products Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Textile yarns Copper ores & concentrates Copper ores & concentrates Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Textile yarns Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked Eltrcal power mach and parts Hshold type eltrcal & non eltrcal eqpmnt NES Natural rubber Pulp And Waste Paper Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Natural rubber Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S Copper Pulp And Waste Paper Miscell Chemical Products, N.E.S Hshold type eltrcal & non eltrcal eqpmnt NES Rotating Electric Plant & Parts Thereof, N.E.S Copper Coal, Pulverized Or Not, Not Agglomerated Coal, Pulverized Or Not, Not Agglomerated Synthetc Org Coloring Matter &Color Lakes & Miscell Chemical Products, N.E.S. 112 Prepartn 20 Major 11, Major 11,549 Others 3,221 Others 3,161 Total 14,509 Total 14,711 from Republic of Korea by 3 Digits-SITC Code, (US$ Million) SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 4, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 2, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 1, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 1, Petroleum oils and products Petroleum oils and products Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Woven fabrics of madmade textile materials Hydrocarbons, N.E.S & Their Derivatives Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Woven fabrics of madmade textile materials Hydrocarbons, N.E.S & Their Derivatives Ships, boats & floating structures Iron/Nonalloy Steel Flat-Rolled Prod, Clad/Coated Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Mtr cars & O mtr vehicles for person transportation Iron/Nonalloy Steel Flat-Rolled Prod, 200 Not clad/coated 674 Iron/Nonalloy Steel Flat-Rolled Prod, Clad/Coated Eltrcal power mach and parts Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr Mtr cars & O mtr vehicles for person transportation 157 Industries & Prts 513 Carboxylic Acids & Anhydrides, Halides & Automatic data processing machines 146 Derivatives 682 Copper Special yarns, spc txtl fabrics Special yarns, spc txtl fabrics Machnry/Eqpmnt Speclzd For Particlr 137 Industries & Prts 673 Iron/Nonalloy Steel Flat-Rolled Prod, Iron & Steel Bars, Rods, Angles, Shapes & Sections 132 Not clad/coated 676 Iron & Steel Bars, Rods, Angles, Shapes & Sections Copper Manufactures Of Base Metal, N.E.S Paper And Paperboard Polymers Of Styrene, In Primary Forms Carboxylic Acids & Anhydrides, Halides & 127 Derivatives 741 Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Plastics, N.E.S., In Primary Forms Major 9, Major 8,264 Others 5,129 Others 4,793 Total 15,070 Total 13,

150 Table V.59. Twenty Major Export Commodities of ASEAN SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 752 Automatic data processing machines Automatic data processing machines Crude petroleum Crude petroleum Petroleum oils and products Petroleum oils and products Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Wood, simply worked Silver, Platinum & Other Platinum Group Metals Textile yarns Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Radio broadcast receivers TV receivers Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc TV receivers Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers Fish, crustcns & O aqtic invtbr prepd/presrved NES Liquified profane & butane Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Radio broadcast receivers Furniture and parts Furniture and parts Articles, N.E.S. Of Plastics Textile yarns Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld Fish, crustcns & O aqtic invtbr prepd/presrved NES Cocoa Fertilizers (Exports Incl Grp 272; 66 Imports Excl Grp 272) 515 Org-Inorganic/Heterocyclic Compounds & their Salts Cocoa Printed Matter Articles, N.E.S. Of Plastics Photographic & Cinematographic Supplies Gold, Nonmonetary 60 (Exclud Gold Ores/Concentrates) 778 Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld Major 2, Major 3,522 Others 1,685 Others 2,584 Total 3,697 Total 6,106 Source and Note: as in Table V.60. Table V.60. Twenty Major Import Commodities of ASEAN SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 333 Crude petroleum Wheat & meslin unmilled Wheat & meslin unmilled Crude petroleum Gold, Nonmonetary Gold, Nonmonetary 498 (Exclud Gold Ores/Concentrates) (Exclud Gold Ores/Concentrates) 684 Aluminum B Aluminum B Milk, Cream, Milk Prds O than Butter Or Cheese Milk, Cream, Milk Prds O than Butter Or Cheese Petroleum oils and products Cotton Textile Fibers Copper Live Animals O than animals of Div Cotton Textile Fibers Copper Sugar and honey Sugar and honey Zinc Petroleum oils and products Iron/Nonalloy Steel Flat-Rolled Prod, Wool & O Animal Hair (Incld Wool Tops) 145 Not clad/coated 057 Fruit & Nuts (Not Including Oil Nuts), Frsh Or Drd Automatic data processing machines Photographic & Cinematographic Supplies Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Wool & O Animal Hair (Incld Wool Tops) Fruit & Nuts (Not Including Oil Nuts), Frsh Or Drd Ships, boats & floating structures Vegt, Frsh, Chld, Fzn, Simply Preservd; Roots, Tubers Live Animals O than animals of Div Medicaments (Includ Veterinary Medicaments) Iron Or Steel Ingots & O Primary Forms, Semifinished Zinc Iron/Nonalloy Steel Flat-Rolled Prod, Clad/Coated Photographic & Cinematographic Supplies Ferrous waste & scrap Ore & concentrate of base metals NES Coal, Pulverized Or Not, Not Agglomerated Ships, boats & floating structures Major 3, Major 5,194 Others 2,317 Others 3,495 Total 5,392 Total 8,689 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Note: Singapore data for are not available at details. Breakdown by 3 digits-sitc was estimated based on previous pattern. 128

151 to Australia by 3 Digits-SITC Code, (US$ Million) SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 333 Crude petroleum 1, Crude petroleum 1, Petroleum oils and products Petroleum oils and products Automatic data processing machines Automatic data processing machines Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc Mtr vehicles for goods Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Plywood, veneers and other wood, worked Gold, Nonmonetary 206 (Exclud Gold Ores/Concentrates) 782 Mtr vehicles for goods Iron & Steel Tubes, Pipes & Hollow Profiles Furniture and parts Furniture and parts Iron & Steel Tubes, Pipes & Hollow Profiles Heating & cooling eqpmnt & parts Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers Sound & TV image recorders & reproducers Civil Enginring & Contractors' Plant & Equipment Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Paper And Paperboard Paper And Paperboard Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Civil Enginring & Contractors' Plant & Equipment Radio broadcast receivers Musical Instrumnts, Recrds, Tapes & O Sd Recrds Ball or roller bearings Fish, crustcns & O aqtic invtbr prepd/presrved NES Internal Combustn Piston Engines & Prts Throf, N.E.S Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Fish, crustcns & O aqtic invtbr prepd/presrved NES Articles, N.E.S. Of Plastics Org-Inorganic/Heterocyclic Compounds & Paper & Paperboard, Cut To Size/Shape, & Articles 87 their Salts 20 Major 4, Major 5,043 Others 3,617 Others 3,453 Total 8,403 Total 8,496 from Australia by 3 Digits-SITC Code, (US$ Million) SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 776 Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 1, Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 1, Petroleum oils and products Cotton Textile Fibers Wheat & meslin unmilled Petroleum oils and products Crude petroleum Crude petroleum Cotton Textile Fibers Automatic data processing machines Milk, Cream, Milk Prds O than Butter Or Cheese Wheat & meslin unmilled Aluminum B Aluminum B Copper Milk, Cream, Milk Prds O than Butter Or Cheese Sugar and honey Copper Live Animals O than animals of Div Sugar and honey Gold, Nonmonetary Eltrcal power mach and parts 191 (Exclud Gold Ores/Concentrates) 686 Zinc Gold, Nonmonetary 191 (Exclud Gold Ores/Concentrates) 542 Medicaments (Includ Veterinary Medicaments) Live Animals O than animals of Div Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Medicaments (Includ Veterinary Medicaments) Ore & concentrate of base metals NES Zinc Aluminum ore & concentrates Aluminum ore & concentrates Vegt, Frsh, Chld, Fzn, Simply Preservd; Roots, Tubers Ore & concentrate of base metals NES Manufactures Of Base Metal, N.E.S Vegt, Frsh, Chld, Fzn, Simply Preservd; Roots, Tubers Fruit & Nuts (Not Including Oil Nuts), Frsh Or Drd Fruit & Nuts (Not Including Oil Nuts), Frsh Or Drd Wool & O Animal Hair (Incld Wool Tops) Manufactures Of Base Metal, N.E.S Major 5, Major 6,394 Others 2,922 Others 3,114 Total 8,674 Total 9,

152 Table V.61. Twenty Major Export Commodities of ASEAN SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 334 Petroleum oils and products Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft Metl Structures & Parts, N.E.S., Of Iron/Steel/Alum Petroleum oils and products Crude petroleum Aircraft, eqpmnt & parts Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc Automatic data processing machines Automatic data processing machines Silver, Platinum & Other Platinum Group Metals Anml/Vg Fats & Oils Procssd; Waxes, Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts 144 Inedbl Mixtures 288 Nonferrous base metal waste & scrap Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc Copper Crude petroleum Wood in the rough or roughly squared Pearls, Precs & Semiprecs Stones, Unworkd/Workd Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Anml/Vg Fats & Oils Procssd; Waxes, 49 Inedbl Mixtures 764 Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Hydrocarbons, N.E.S & Their Derivatives Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Wood in the rough or roughly squared Tobacco, manufactured Eltrcal machnery & apprtus, NES Ball or roller bearings Copper Photographic & Cinematographic Supplies Ball or roller bearings Hydrocarbons, N.E.S & Their Derivatives Eltrcal switcher relays, circuits, NES Plastics, N.E.S., In Primary Forms Musical Instrumnts, Recrds, Tapes & O Sd Recrds Fruit & Nuts (Not Including Oil Nuts), Frsh Or Drd Mineral Manufactures, N.E.S Silver, Platinum & Other Platinum Group Metals Aluminum B Major Major 2,493 Others 369 Others 779 Total 1,484 Total 3,723 Source and Note: as in Table V.62. Table V.62. Twenty Major Import Commodities of ASEAN SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 081 Feeding Stuff For Anmls (Not Incld Unmilled Feeding Stuff For Anmls (Not Incld Unmilled 353 Cereals) Cereals) 684 Aluminum B Rice Pearls, Precs & Semiprecs Stones, Unworkd/Workd Pearls, Precs & Semiprecs Stones, Unworkd/Workd Petroleum oils and products Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Cotton Textile Fibers Meat of Bovine Animals, Frsh, Chld, Fzn Engins & Motors, Nonelec (O Than Stm Turbns) & Prts Fish, Frsh (Live Or Dead), Chilled Or Frozen Pig Iron & Spiegeleisen, Sponge Iron, & Ferroalloys Aluminum B Jewelry/Goldsmiths' Wares, O Precs/ Textile yarns 74 Semiprecs Matrls 651 Textile yarns Petroleum oils and products Artcls of apparel of textile fabrics Vegt, Frsh, Chld, Fzn, Simply Preservd; Roots, Tubers Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Cotton Textile Fibers Rubber Tires, Interchangeable Tire Treads/Flaps Sugar and honey Synthetc Org Coloring Matter &Color Lakes & Prepartn Pig Iron & Spiegeleisen, Sponge Iron, & Ferroalloys Vegt, Frsh, Chld, Fzn, Simply Preservd; Roots, Tubers Oil Seeds & Oleaginous Frts For Soft Fixed 42 Vegt Oils 611 Leather Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld Cotton fabrics, woven Woven fabrics of madmade textile materials Iron ore and concentrates Jewelry/Goldsmiths' Wares, O Precs/ 35 Semiprecs Matrls 222 Oil Seeds & Oleaginous Frts For Soft Fixed Vegt Oils Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc Manufactures Of Base Metal, N.E.S Spices Meat of Bovine Animals, Frsh, Chld, Fzn Artcls of apparel of textile fabrics Major Major 1,695 Others 587 Others 1,149 Total 1,430 Total 2,844 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Note: Singapore data for are not available at details. Breakdown by 3 digits-sitc was estimated based on previous pattern. 130

153 to India by 3 Digits-SITC Code, (US$ Million) SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 421 Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft 1, Fixed vegetables fats & oils other than soft Crude petroleum Crude petroleum Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Petroleum oils and products Textile yarns TV receivers Radio broadcast receivers Textile yarns Copper ores & concentrates Wood in the rough or roughly squared Petroleum oils and products Copper ores & concentrates Coal, Pulverized Or Not, Not Agglomerated Nonferrous base metal waste & scrap Wood in the rough or roughly squared Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc Hydrocarbons, N.E.S & Their Derivatives Coal, Pulverized Or Not, Not Agglomerated Inorg Chemical Elements, Oxides And 54 Halogen Salts 431 Hydrocarbons, N.E.S & Their Derivatives Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc Inorg Chemical Elements, Oxides And Halogen Salts Internal Combustn Piston Engines & Prts 40 Throf, N.E.S. 575 Plastics, N.E.S., In Primary Forms Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Ships, boats & floating structures Alcohols, Phenols, Phenol-Alcohols & Derivatives Fruit & Nuts (Not Including Oil Nuts), Frsh Or Drd Anml/Vg Fats & Oils Procssd; Waxes, 36 Inedbl Mixtures 752 Automatic data processing machines Paper And Paperboard Telecomncations eqpmnt, NES & parts Fruit & Nuts (Not Including Oil Nuts), Frsh Or Drd Special yarns, spc txtl fabrics Synthetic Fibers Suitable For Spinning Paper And Paperboard Special yarns, spc txtl fabrics Major 2, Major 2,477 Others 1,133 Others 1,285 Total 3,521 Total 3,142 from India by 3 Digits-SITC Code, (US$ Million) SITC Commodities Value SITC Commodities Value (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 081 Feeding Stuff For Anmls (Not Incld Unmilled Transistors, semiconductors devices, valves, etc. 327 Cereals) 759 Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Parts & accsories for office machn & autm data proc Meat of Bovine Animals, Frsh, Chld, Fzn Feeding Stuff For Anmls (Not Incld Unmilled Cereals) Pearls, Precs & Semiprecs Stones, Unworkd/Workd Pearls, Precs & Semiprecs Stones, Unworkd/Workd Hydrocarbons, N.E.S & Their Derivatives Meat of Bovine Animals, Frsh, Chld, Fzn Textile yarns Hydrocarbons, N.E.S & Their Derivatives Petroleum oils and products Wheat & meslin unmilled Aluminum B Textile yarns Printing & Bookbinding Machnry & Prts Throf Iron/Nonalloy Steel Flat-Rolled Prod, 47 Not clad/coated 673 Iron/Nonalloy Steel Flat-Rolled Prod, Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld 45 Not clad/coated 222 Oil Seeds & Oleaginous Frts For Soft Fixed Vegt Oils Sugar and honey Miscell Chemical Products, N.E.S Oil Seeds & Oleaginous Frts For Soft Fixed Vegt Oils Pig Iron & Spiegeleisen, Sponge Iron, & Ferroalloys Medicinal & Pharmaceutical Prd, O Than 38 Medicaments 531 Synthetc Org Coloring Matter &Color Lakes & Vegt, Frsh, Chld, Fzn, Simply Preservd; Roots, 34 Prepartn Tubers 515 Org-Inorganic/Heterocyclic Compounds & their Salts Carboxylic Acids & Anhydrides, Halides & Derivatives Aquatic invertebrates live, drd, sltd, chld Pig Iron & Spiegeleisen, Sponge Iron, & Ferroalloys Vegt, Frsh, Chld, Fzn, Simply Preservd; Roots, Tubers Org-Inorganic/Heterocyclic Compounds & their Salts Fish, Frsh (Live Or Dead), Chilled Or Frozen Petroleum oils and products Carboxylic Acids & Anhydrides, Halides & Derivatives Aircraft, eqpmnt & parts Nitrogen-Function Compounds Synthetc Org Coloring Matter &Color Lakes & 27 Prepartn 20 Major 1, Major 1,734 Others 658 Others 738 Total 2,057 Total 2,

154 132

155 Chapter VI Foreign Direct Investment 133

156 134

157 Table VI.1. FDI inflows into ASEAN by Host Country, (US$ Million) Host Countries st half (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Brunei Darussalam ,335 Cambodia ,101 Indonesia 4,346 6,194 4, ,745-4,550-3,279-1,172 4,288 Lao PDR Malaysia 3,007 3,698 2,956 1,766 1, , ,265 Myanmar N.A 3,165 The Philippines 1,577 1,618 1,261 1,718 1,364 1,528 1,049 1,222 10,115 Singapore 9,686 8,608 12,836 8,215 12,825 5,389 8,583 N.A 66,143 Thailand 2,004 2,271 3,627 7,434 6,150 3,280 3, ,546 Viet Nam 1,780 1,803 2,587 1,700 1,484 1,289 1, ,944 ASEAN 23,540 25,848 29,780 21,899 22,313 8,625 10,352 N.A 142,359 ASEAN 5 20,620 22,389 25,358 18,776 19,582 6,433 8,197 N.A 121,356 BCLMV 2,920 3,459 4,422 3,123 2,731 2,192 2,156 N.A 21,002 Source: ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Brunei Darussalam s figures include reinvested earnings and are based on the International Transaction Reporting System (TRS). 3. Cambodia s figures are estimated aggregate figures, not available by source countries (estimated jointly by the National Bank of Cambodia and the IMF mission team). 4. Lao PDR s figures are based on the real inflow of investments, provided by the Bank of the Lao PDR. 5. Myanmar s figures are in fiscal year which ends in March of the following calendar year. 6. The Philippines figures are based on the Balance of Payments (BOP) records, excluding reinvested earnings. 7. Singapore s figures for include equity and reinvested earnings. For , figures also include inter-company loans. 8. Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand and Viet Nam figures comprise of equity and loans. 9. Indonesia s, Philippine's and Thailand's figures for 1st half 2002 are preliminary figures. 135

158 Graphic VI.1. FDI inflows to ASEAN 5 by Host Country, Graphic VI.2. FDI inflows to BCMLV by Host Country,

159 Graphic VI.3. FDI inflows to ASEAN by Host Country, for the Period of Graphic VI.4. FDI inflows to ASEAN by Host Country, for the Period of

160 Table VI.2. FDI inflows into ASEAN by Source Country, (US$ Million) Source Countries (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) ASEAN *) 3, , , , ,256.7 REST OF THE WORLD 19, , , , , , , ,000.6 Asian NIEs 2, , , , , , ,693.3 Hong Kong , , ,115.7 South Korea ,296.3 Taiwan (ROC) ,280.2 China India Japan 4, , , , , ,151.2 EU-15 5, , , , , , , ,527.7 Other EU (Switzerland, Russia, etc) 1, , , , , , , ,712.6 Canada 2, ,836.2 USA 2, , , , , , , ,348.9 Australia , ,406.5 New Zealand ALL OTHERS **) 2, , , , , ,961.9 Total *) 23, , , , , , , ,257.3 FDI in Cambodia ,101.4 Total Incl. Cambodia 23, , , , , , , ,358.7 Source: ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: *) Excluding Cambodia (Cambodia figures are not available at details by Country). **) Pakistan & other Asia; Central and South America; Others of which Bermuda, etc; Joint Countries and International Organisation. 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Brunei Darussalam s figures include reinvested earnings and are based on the International Transaction Reporting System (TRS). 3. Cambodia's figures are estimated aggregate figures, not available by source countries (estimated jointly by the National Bank of Cambodia and the IMF mission team). 4. Lao PDR s figures are based on the real inflow of investments, provided by the Bank of the Lao PDR. 5. Myanmar s figures are in fiscal year which ends in March of the following calendar year. 6. The Philippines figures are based on the Balance of Payments (BOP) records, excluding reinvested earnings. 7. Singapore s figures for include equity and reinvested earnings. For , figures also include intercompany loans. 8. Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand and Viet Nam figures comprise of equity and loans. 138

161 Table VI.3. FDI inflows into ASEAN from ASEAN by Source Country, (US$ Million) 1st half Source Countries (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Brunei Darussalam ,322.0 Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia , ,422.1 Myanmar N.A The Philippines ,026.0 Singapore N.A 2,817.6 Thailand , ,903.1 Viet Nam ,395.0 ASEAN *) 3, , , , N.A 15,256.7 Source: ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: *) Excluding Cambodia (Cambodia s figures are not available at detail by Country). 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Brunei Darussalam s figures include reinvested earnings and are based on the International Transaction Reporting System (TRS). 3. Lao PDR s figures are based on the real inflow of investments, provided by the Bank of the Lao PDR. 4. Myanmar s figures are in fiscal year which ends in March of the following calendar year. 5. The Philippines figures are based on the Balance of Payments (BOP) records, excluding reinvested earnings. 6. Singapore s figures for include equity and reinvested earnings. For , figures also include intercompany loans. 7. Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand and Viet Nam figures comprise of equity and loans. 8. Indonesia s, Philippine's and Thailand's figures for 1st half 2002 are preliminary figures. 139

162 Table VI.4. Share in FDI inflows into ASEAN by Source Country, (%) Source Countries (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) ASEAN *) REST OF THE WORLD Asian NIEs Hong Kong South Korea Taiwan (ROC) China India Japan EU Switzerland Canada USA Australia New Zealand ALL OTHERS **) Total *) Source: ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: *) Excluding Cambodia (Cambodia figures are not available at details by Country). **) Pakistan & other Asia; Central and South America; Others of which Bermuda, etc; Joint Countries and International Organisation. 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Brunei Darussalam s figures include reinvested earnings and are based on the International Transaction Reporting System (TRS). 3. Cambodia s figures are estimated aggregate figures, not available by source countries (estimated jointly by the National Bank of Cambodia and the IMF mission team). 4. Lao PDR s figures are based on the real inflow of investments, provided by the Bank of the Lao PDR. 5. Myanmar s figures are in fiscal year which ends in March of the following calendar year. 6. The Philippines figures are based on the Balance of Payments (BOP) records, excluding reinvested earnings. 7. Singapore s figures for include equity and reinvested earnings. For , figures also include inter-company loans. 8. Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand and Viet Nam figures comprise of equity and loans. 140

163 Table VI.5. ASEAN Member Countries Share in Intra-ASEAN FDI inflows, (%) Source Countries (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam ASEAN *) Source: ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: *) Excluding Cambodia (Cambodia s figures are not available at detail by Country). 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Brunei Darussalam s figures include reinvested earnings and are based on the International Transaction Reporting System (TRS). 3. Lao PDR s figures are based on the real inflow of investments, provided by the Bank of the Lao PDR. 4. Myanmar s figures are in fiscal year which ends in March of the following calendar year. 5. The Philippines figures are based on the Balance of Payments (BOP) records, excluding reinvested earnings. 6. Singapore s figures for include equity and reinvested earnings. For , figures also include intercompany loans. 7. Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand and Viet Nam figures comprise of equity and loans. 141

164 Graphic VI.5. Extra and Intra-ASEAN FDI inflows, Graphic VI.6. FDI inflows to ASEAN by Source Country, for the Period

165 Graphic VI.7. FDI inflows to ASEAN by Source Country, Graphic VI.8. Composition of FDI inflows to ASEAN by Source Country,

166 Table VI.6. FDI inflows into ASEAN 5 by Source Country, (US$ Million) Source Countries (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) ASEAN 2, , , , ,304.7 REST OF THE WORLD 17, , , , , , , ,951.3 Asian NIEs 1, , , , , ,364.5 Hong Kong , ,915.1 South Korea Taiwan (ROC) ,502.1 China India Japan 4, , , , ,244.1 EU-15 4, , , , , , , ,876.4 Other EU (Switzerland, Russia, etc) 1, , , , , , , ,217.6 Canada 2, ,801.3 USA 2, , , , , , , ,513.6 Australia , ,540.7 New Zealand ALL OTHERS *) 2, , , , , ,652.8 Total 20, , , , , , , ,356.4 Source: ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: *) Pakistan & other Asia; Central and South America; Others of which Bermuda, etc; Joint Countries and International Organisation. 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Brunei Darussalam s figures include reinvested earnings and are based on the International Transaction Reporting System (TRS). 3. Cambodia s figures are estimated aggregate figures, not available by source countries (estimated jointly by the National Bank of Cambodia and the IMF mission team). 4. Lao PDR s figures are based on the real inflow of investments, provided by the Bank of the Lao PDR. 5. Myanmar s figures are in fiscal year which ends in March of the following calendar year. 6. The Philippines figures are based on the Balance of Payments (BOP) records, excluding reinvested earnings. 7. Singapore s figures for include equity and reinvested earnings. For , figures also include inter-company loans. 8. Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand and Viet Nam figures comprise of equity and loans. 144

167 Table VI.7. FDI inflows into BCLMV by Source Country, (US$ Million) Source Countries (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) ASEAN *) , , ,952.0 REST OF THE WORLD 1, , , , , , , ,948.9 Asian NIEs , ,328.8 Hong Kong ,200.6 South Korea ,350.0 Taiwan (ROC) ,778.2 China India Japan ,907.2 EU , ,651.3 Other EU (Switzerland, Russia, etc) Canada USA Australia New Zealand ALL OTHERS **) ,310.0 Total *) 2, , , , , , , ,900.9 FDI in Cambodia ,101.4 Total Incl. Cambodia 2, , , , , , , ,002.3 Source: ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: *) Excluding Cambodia (Cambodia figures are not available at details by Country). **) Pakistan & other Asia; Central and South America; Others of which Bermuda, etc; Joint Countries and International Organisation. 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Brunei Darussalam s figures include reinvested earnings and are based on the International Transaction Reporting System (TRS). 3. Cambodia's figures are estimated aggregate figures, not available by source countries (estimated jointly by the National Bank of Cambodia and the IMF mission team). 4. Lao PDR s figures are based on the real inflow of investments, provided by the Bank of the Lao PDR. 5. Myanmar s figures are in fiscal year which ends in March of the following calendar year. 6. The Philippines figures are based on the Balance of Payments (BOP) records, excluding reinvested earnings. 7. Singapore s figures for include equity and reinvested earnings. For , figures also include intercompany loans. 8. Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand and Viet Nam figures comprise of equity and loans. 145

168 Graphic VI.9. FDI inflows to ASEAN 5 by Source Country, for the Period Graphic VI.10. FDI inflows to BCLMV by Source Country, for the Period

169 Graphic VI.11. FDI inflows to ASEAN 5 by Source Country, Graphic VI.12. FDI inflows to BCLMV by Source Country,

170 Table VI.8. FDI inflows into ASEAN Member Countries Source Countries Brunei Darussalam Host Countries Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) ASEAN *) 1, ,422.1 REST OF THE WORLD 3, , ,842.6 Asian NIEs Hong Kong South Korea Taiwan (ROC) China India Japan , ,206.8 EU-15 2, , ,887.5 Other EU (Switzerland, Russia, etc) Canada USA , ,398.7 Australia New Zealand ALL OTHERS **) Total *) 4, , ,264.6 FDI in Cambodia 1,101.4 Total Incl. Cambodia 4, , , ,264.6 Source: ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: *) Excluding Cambodia (Cambodia figures are not available at details by Country). **) Pakistan & other Asia; Central and South America; Others of which Bermuda, etc; Joint Countries and International Organisation. ***) Includes reinvested earnings. 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Brunei Darussalam s figures include reinvested earnings and are based on the International Transaction Reporting System (TRS). 3. Cambodia s figures are estimated aggregate figures, not available by source countries (estimated jointly by the National Bank of Cambodia and the IMF mission team). 4. Lao PDR s figures are based on the real inflow of investments, provided by the Bank of the Lao PDR. 5. Myanmar s figures are in fiscal year which ends in March of the following calendar year. 6. The Philippines figures are based on the Balance of Payments (BOP) records, excluding reinvested earnings. 7. Singapore s figures for include equity and reinvested earnings. For , figures also include intercompany loans. 8. Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand and Viet Nam figures comprise of equity and loans. 148

171 by Source Countries, Malaysi ***) Myanmar The Philippines Host Countries Singapore Thailand Viet Nam TOTAL (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) 6, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,527.7 (US$ Million) , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

172 Table VI.9. Share of Intra-ASEAN FDI in FDI inflows into ASEAN Member Countries, st Half of 2002 (%) ASEAN Member Countries st half (1) (2) (3 (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Brunei Darussalam ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD Cambodia ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD Indonesia ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD Lao PDR ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD Malaysia ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD Myanmar ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD The Philippines ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD Singapore ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD Thailand ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD Viet Nam ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD ALL ASEAN ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD Source: ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). 150

173 Source and notes refer to Table VI.11. Table VI.10. FDI inflows into ASEAN Member Countries from USA, (US$ Million) 1st half Host Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Indonesia , ,367.9 Lao PDR Malaysia , ,398.7 Myanmar The Philippines ,818.3 Singapore , , , , , , ,597.2 Thailand , ,067.3 Viet Nam Total 2, , , , , , , ,348.9 Source: Table VI.11. FDI inflows into ASEAN Member Countries from Japan, (US$ Million) Host Country st half (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Indonesia 1, , , , , , ,069.3 Lao PDR Malaysia ,206.8 Myanmar The Philippines ,290.5 Singapore , , , , , ,032.7 Thailand , , , ,644.7 Viet Nam ,737.7 Total 4, , , , , ,151.2 ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Brunei Darussalam s figures include reinvested earnings and are based on the International Transaction Reporting System (TRS). 3. Lao PDR s figures are based on the real inflow of investments, provided by the Bank of the Lao PDR. 4. Myanmar s figures are in fiscal year which ends in March of the following calendar year. 5. The Philippines figures are based on the Balance of Payments (BOP) records, excluding reinvested earnings. 6. Singapore s figures for include equity and reinvested earnings. For , figures also include intercompany loans. 7. Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand and Viet Nam figures comprise of equity and loans. 8. Indonesia s, Philippine's and Thailand's figures for 1st half 2002 are preliminary figures. 151

174 Table VI.12. FDI inflows into ASEAN Member Countries from European Union, (US$ Million) 1st half Host Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Brunei Darussalam ,703.4 Cambodia NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Indonesia , , , , ,350.9 Lao PDR Malaysia , ,887.5 Myanmar ,607.6 The Philippines ,726.2 Singapore 3, , , , , , , ,227.9 Thailand , ,683.9 Viet Nam ,323.6 Total 5, , , , , , , ,527.7 Source and notes refer to Table VI.13. Source: Table VI.13. FDI inflows into ASEAN Member Countries from China, (US$ Million) Host Country st half (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Total ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Brunei Darussalam s figures include reinvested earnings and are based on the International Transaction Reporting System (TRS). 3. Lao PDR s figures are based on the real inflow of investments, provided by the Bank of the Lao PDR. 4. Myanmar s figures are in fiscal year which ends in March of the following calendar year. 5. The Philippines figures are based on the Balance of Payments (BOP) records, excluding reinvested earnings. 6. Singapore s figures for include equity and reinvested earnings. For , figures also include intercompany loans. 7. Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand and Viet Nam figures comprise of equity and loans. 8. Indonesia s, Philippine's and Thailand's figures for 1st half 2002 are preliminary figures. 152

175 Source: Table VI.14. FDI inflows into Brunei Darussalam by Source Country, (US$ Million) Source Countries st half (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) ASEAN ,322.0 REST OF THE WORLD ,012.5 Asian NIEs Hong Kong South Korea Taiwan (ROC) China India Japan EU ,703.4 Other EU Canada USA Australia New Zealand ALL OTHERS Total ,334.6 ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Figures include reinvested earnings and are based on the International Transaction Reporting System (TRS). Source: Table VI.15. FDI inflows into Indonesia by Source Country, (US$ Million) Source Countries st half (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD 3, , , , , , , ,152.5 Asian NIEs Hong Kong South Korea Taiwan (ROC) China India Japan 1, , , , , , ,069.3 EU , , , , ,350.7 Other EU Canada USA , ,367.8 Australia New Zealand ALL OTHERS Total 4, , , , , , , ,288.4 ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Figures comprise of equity and loans. 153

176 Source: Table VI.16. FDI inflows into Lao PDR by Source Country, (US$ Million) Source Countries st half (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD Asian NIEs Hong Kong South Korea Taiwan (ROC) China India Japan EU Other EU Canada USA Australia New Zealand ALL OTHERS Total ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Note: Figures are based on the real inflow of investments, provided by the Bank of the Lao PDR. Source: Table VI.17. FDI inflows into Malaysia by Source Country, (US$ Million) Source Countries st half (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) ASEAN , ,422.1 REST OF THE WORLD 2, , , , , , ,842.6 Asian NIEs Hong Kong South Korea Taiwan (ROC) China India Japan ,206.8 EU , ,887.5 Other EU Canada USA , ,398.7 Australia New Zealand ALL OTHERS Total 3, , , , , , ,264.6 ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Figures comprise of equity and loans. 154

177 Source: Table VI.18. FDI inflows into Myanmar by Source Country, (US$ Million) Source Countries st half (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD ,179.9 Asian NIEs Hong Kong South Korea Taiwan (ROC) China India Japan EU ,607.6 Other EU Canada USA Australia New Zealand ALL OTHERS Total N.A 3,164.9 ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: 1. Myanmar's figures are in fiscal year which ends in March of the following calendar year. 2. Figures comprise of equity and loans. Source: Table VI.19. FDI inflows into The Philippines by Source Country, (US$ Million) Source Countries st half (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) ASEAN ,026.0 REST OF THE WORLD 1, , , , , , , , ,773.0 Asian NIEs Hong Kong South Korea Taiwan (ROC) China India Japan ,290.5 EU ,726.2 Other EU Canada USA ,818.3 Australia New Zealand ALL OTHERS ,182.1 Total 1, , , , , , , , ,799.0 ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Figures comprise of equity and loans and excludes reinvested earnings. 155

178 Source: Table VI.20. FDI inflows into Singapore by Source Country, (US$ Million) Source Countries st half (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) ASEAN ,817.6 REST OF THE WORLD 8, , , , , , , ,325.2 Asian NIEs ,731.6 Hong Kong ,259.4 South Korea Taiwan (ROC) ,244.0 China India Japan , , , , , ,032.7 EU-15 3, , , , , , , ,227.9 Other EU 1, , , , , , , ,882.6 Canada 2, ,659.3 USA , , , , , , ,597.2 Australia ,643.4 New Zealand ALL OTHERS 1, , , ,260.6 Total 9, , , , , , ,583.1 N.A 66,142.8 ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Figures for include equity and reinvested earnings; for also include inter-company loans. Source: Table VI.21. FDI inflows into Thailand by Source Country, (US$ Million) Source Countries st half (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) ASEAN , ,903.1 REST OF THE WORLD 1, , , , , , , ,642.4 Asian NIEs ,034.9 Hong Kong ,058.6 South Korea Taiwan (ROC) China India Japan , , , ,644.7 EU , ,683.9 Other EU Canada USA , ,067.3 Australia New Zealand ALL OTHERS , , ,929.5 Total 2, , , , , , , ,545.5 ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Figures comprise of equity and loans. 156

179 Source: Table VI.22. FDI inflows into Viet Nam by Source Country, (US$ Million) Source Countries st half (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) ASEAN ,395.0 REST OF THE WORLD 1, , , , , , , ,548.9 Asian NIEs ,080.7 Hong Kong ,115.8 South Korea ,197.0 Taiwan (ROC) ,767.8 China India Japan ,737.7 EU ,323.6 Other EU Canada USA Australia New Zealand ALL OTHERS ,280.9 Total 1, , , , , , , ,943.9 ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Figures comprise of equity and loans. Source: Table VI.23. FDI inflows into Brunei Darussalam from ASEAN, (US$ Million) Source Countries st half (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore ,083.9 Thailand Viet Nam ASEAN ,322.0 ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Figures include reinvested earnings and are based on the International Transaction Reporting System (TRS). 157

180 Table VI.24. FDI inflows into Indonesia from ASEAN, (US$ Million) Source Countries st half Source: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam ASEAN ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Figures comprise of equity and loans. Table VI.25. FDI inflows into Lao PDR from ASEAN, (US$ Million) Source Countries st half Source: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam ASEAN ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Note: Figures are based on the real inflow of investments, provided by the Bank of the Lao PDR. 158

181 Table VI.26. FDI inflows into Malaysia from ASEAN, (US$ Million) Source Countries st half Source: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore , ,047.7 Thailand Viet Nam ASEAN , ,422.1 ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Figures comprise of equity and loans. Table VI.27. FDI inflows into Myanmar from ASEAN, (US$ Million) Source Countries st half Source: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam ASEAN ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: 1. Myanmar s figures are in fiskal year which ends in March of the following calendar year. 2. Figures comprise of equity and loans. 159

182 Table VI.28. FDI inflows into The Philippines from ASEAN, (US$ Million) Source Countries st half Source: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam ASEAN ,026.0 ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Figures comprise of equity and loans and excludes reinvested earnings. Table VI.29. FDI inflows into Singapore from ASEAN, (US$ Million) Source Countries st half Source: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia ,149.7 Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam ASEAN ,817.6 ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Figures for include equity and reinvested earnings; for also include inter-company loans. 160

183 Table VI.30. FDI inflows into Thailand from ASEAN, (US$ Million) Source Countries st half Source: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore , ,678.5 Thailand Viet Nam ASEAN , ,903.1 ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Figures comprise of equity and loans. Table VI.31. FDI inflows into Viet Nam from ASEAN, (US$ Million) Source Countries st half Source: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore ,567.1 Thailand Viet Nam ASEAN ,395.0 ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database (Balance of Payments Basis). Notes: 1. Negative sign means disinvestment. 2. Figures comprise of equity and loans. 161

184 Table VI.32. FDI inflows to ASEAN Source Countries Economic Sectors Japan USA EU-15 (1) (2) (3) (4) Agriculture, fishery and forestry Mining and quarrying ,178.1 Manufacturing 1, , ,484.0 Construction Trade/commerce 2, , ,848.4 Financial intermediation and services (incl. Insurance) -1, , ,857.5 Real estates Dervices Others (Not Elsewhere Classified) ,406.9 TOTAL 2, , ,192.2 Source: ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database. Notes: Data includes equity and loans, with same exceptions (refer to footnotes in Table VI. 34 to VI. 41). *) Excluding Malaysia and Cambodia. Table VI.33. Share of FDI inflows to ASEAN Source Countries Economic Sectors Japan USA EU-15 (1) (2) (3) (4) Agriculture, fishery and forestry Mining and quarrying Manufacturing Construction Trade/commerce Financial intermediation and services (incl. insurance) Real estates Services Others (not elsewhere classified) TOTAL Source: ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database. Note: *) Excluding Malaysia and Cambodia. 162

185 by ISIC Sector in *) (US$ Million) Source Countries Emerging Markets of East Asia ROK Hong Kong Taiwan (ROC) China Total ASEAN (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) , , , , ,227.2 by ISIC Sector in *) Source Countries Emerging Markets of East Asia ROK Hong Kong Taiwan (ROC) China Total ASEAN (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (%) 163

186 Table VI.34. FDI inflows to Brunei Darussalam Source Countries Economic Sectors Japan USA EU-15 (1) (2) (3) (4) Agriculture, fishery and forestry Mining and quarrying ,674.7 Manufacturing 13.8 Construction Trade/commerce 0.7 Financial intermediation and services (incl. insurance) Real estates Services 0.3 Others (not elsewhere classified) TOTAL ,689.4 Source: ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database. Note: Data provided by Department of Planning and Development, Brunei Darussalam, Figures include reinvested earnings. Table VI.35. FDI inflows to Indonesia Source Countries Economic Sectors Japan USA EU-15 (1) (2) (3) (4) Agriculture, fishery and forestry Mining and quarrying Manufacturing -2, , ,669.7 Construction Trade/commerce Financial intermediation and services (incl. insurance) Real estates Services Others (not elsewhere classified) TOTAL -3, , ,629.6 Source: ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database. Note: Data provided by Bank of Indonesia. Figures include equity and inter-company loans. 164

187 by ISIC Sector in (US$ Million) Source Countries Emerging Markets of East Asia ROK Hong Kong Taiwan (ROC) China Total ASEAN (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) by ISIC Sector in (US$ Million) Source Countries Emerging Markets of East Asia ROK Hong Kong Taiwan (ROC) China Total ASEAN (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

188 Table VI.36. FDI inflows to Lao PDR Source Countries Economic Sectors Japan USA EU-15 (1) (2) (3) (4) Agriculture, fishery and forestry 0.0 Mining and quarrying Manufacturing Construction 0.4 Trade/commerce 0.0 Financial intermediation and services (incl. insurance) 0.1 Real estates 0.2 Services Others (not elsewhere classified) TOTAL Source: ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database. Note: Data provided by Bank of the Lao PDR. Figures include equity and inter-company loans (different from real flow in investment as available in other tables). Table VI.37. FDI inflows to Myanmar Source Countries Economic Sectors Japan USA EU-15 (1) (2) (3) (4) Agriculture, fishery and forestry Mining and quarrying Manufacturing Construction Trade/commerce Financial intermediation and services (incl. insurance) Real estates Services Others (not elsewhere classified) TOTAL Source: ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database. Note: Data provided by Directorate of Investment and Company Administration (DICA). Figures include equity and inter-company loans. 166

189 by ISIC Sector in (US$ Million) Source Countries Emerging Markets of East Asia ROK Hong Kong Taiwan (ROC) China Total ASEAN (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) by ISIC Sector in (US$ Million) Source Countries Emerging Markets of East Asia ROK Hong Kong Taiwan (ROC) China Total ASEAN (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

190 Table VI.38. FDI inflows to The Philippines Source Countries Economic Sectors Japan USA EU-15 (1) (2) (3) (4) Agriculture, fishery and forestry Mining and quarrying , Manufacturing Construction Trade/commerce Financial intermediation and services (incl. insurance) Real estates Services Others (not elsewhere classified) TOTAL , Source: ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database. Note: Data provided by Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas. Figures include equity and inter-company loans. Table VI.39. FDI inflows to Singapore Source Countries Economic Sectors Japan USA EU-15 (1) (2) (3) (4) Agriculture, fishery and forestry Mining and quarrying Manufacturing 1, , ,058.0 Construction Trade/commerce 2, ,332.5 Financial intermediation and services (incl. insurance) -1, , ,539.1 Real estates Services Others (not elsewhere classified) TOTAL 2, , ,092.5 Source: ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database. Note: Data provided by Singapore Department of Statistics. Figures include equity, reinvested earning and inter-company loans. 168

191 by ISIC Sector in (US$ Million) Source Countries Emerging Markets of East Asia ROK Hong Kong Taiwan (ROC) China Total ASEAN (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) by ISIC Sector in (US$ Million) Source Countries Emerging Markets of East Asia ROK Hong Kong Taiwan (ROC) China Total ASEAN (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) ,

192 Table VI.40. FDI inflows to Thailand Source Countries Economic Sectors Japan USA EU-15 (1) (2) (3) (4) Agriculture, fishery and forestry Mining and quarrying Manufacturing 2, Construction Trade/commerce Financial intermediation and services (incl. insurance) Real estates Services Others (not elsewhere classified) TOTAL 2, , ,063.7 Source: ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database. Note: Data provided by Bank of Thailand (BOT). Figures include equity and inter-company loans. Table VI.41. FDI inflows to Viet Nam Source Countries Economic Sectors Japan USA EU-15 (1) (2) (3) (4) Agriculture, fishery and forestry Mining and quarrying Manufacturing Construction Trade/commerce Financial intermediation and services (incl. insurance) Real estates Services Others (not elsewhere classified) TOTAL Source: ASEAN Secretariat: ASEAN FDI Database. Note: Data provided by State Bank of Viet Nam. Figures include equity and inter-company loans. 170

193 by ISIC Sector in (US$ Million) Source Countries Emerging Markets of East Asia ROK Hong Kong Taiwan (ROC) China Total ASEAN (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) , ,567.3 by ISIC Sector in (US$ Million) Source Countries Emerging Markets of East Asia ROK Hong Kong Taiwan (ROC) China Total ASEAN (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) ,

194 172

195 Chapter VII Transport and Communication

196 174

197 Graphic VII.1. Trend in the Number of Passenger Cars in ASEAN Countries, Graphic VII.2. Trend in the Number of Goods Vehicle in ASEAN Countries,

198 Table VII.1. ASEAN Road Road Infrastructure Year Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Total Length , ,030 3,016 (Km) , ,030 3, ,768 34, ,030 3, , ,398 Length of ,500 1,734 Paved Network ,500 1,797 (Km) ,818 1,500 2, , ,958 Expressedways (Km) Source: ASEAN Transportation Statistics Database (based on Country submission). Table VII.2. ASEAN Road Passenger & Freight Year Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Passenger ,534 18,009 ('000) ,254 18, ,719 22, Pax-Km ,101 (Mn) , , Freight-Km (Mn) Source: ASEAN Transportation Statistics Database (based on Country submission). 176

199 Infrastructure, Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 63,853 26,777 27,650 3,017 50,728 66,437 27,619 28,174 3,044 51,180 64,686 27,966 29,524 3,066 51,339 66,391 28,596 3,091 50,724 15,436 71,818 28,790 3,119 51,544 15,571 13,621 18,969 15,694 3,017 48,282 5,624 13,952 21,216 16,323 3,044 49,130 14,159 21,675 17,098 3,066 49,922 50,566 22,630 41,897 3,091 49,166 11,206 55,937 23,179 3,119 50,279 11, , , Passenger and Freight, Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 107, , , ,835 4,170 75, ,479 4,180 77, ,541 15,083 2,195 15,854 2,028 18,116 2, ,789 17,543 1, ,011 18, ,234 3, ,466 4, , ,549 4, ,932 5,

200 Table VII.3. ASEAN Road Road Fleet Year Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Total Vehicle , ,084 16,535, ,293 Registration , ,820 17,644, ,916 in ,267 18,224, , ,427 18,975, ,300 21,187, No of Passenger ,699 2,639,525 31,281 Cars (Private ,679 2,772,531 32,868 Vehicles) in ,957 61,724 2,897,803 31, ,266 3,039, ,612 3,245, No of Public ,402 1,776 Transport ,969 1,737 Vehicles ( 000) ,667 1, , , No of Goods ,529 1,548,397 9,581 Vehicles ( 000) ,459 1,592,572 8, ,262 12,422 1,628,531 9, ,477 1,707, ,789 1,789, Source: ASEAN Transportation Statistics Database (based on Country submission). Railways, Passenger & Freight Year Brunei Darussalam Table VII.4. ASEAN (Inter-Urban) Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Route Length 1997 na 632 4,552 na (Km) 1998 na 632 4,565 na 1999 na 632 4,616 na 2000 na na 2001 na na Passenger Carried 1997 na ,667 na ( 000) 1998 na ,575 na 1999 na ,253 na 2000 na 192,000 na 2001 na 126,0001) na Pax-Km 1997 na 51 15,518 na (Mn) 1998 na 44 16,196 na 1999 na 50 18,585 na 2000 na na 2001 na na Freight-Km 1997 na 37 3,845 na (Mn) 1998 na 76 3,953 na 1999 na 76 5,035 na 2000 na na 2001 na na Source: ASEAN Transportation Statistics Database (based on Country submission). Notes: na = Not applicable. = Data not available. 178

201 Fleet, Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 8,550, ,826 3,193, ,204 17,666,240 9,141, ,016 3,316, ,081 18,860,512 9,929, ,958 3,533, ,811 20,096,536 10,598, ,834 3,701, ,807 20,835,684 6,965,767 11,302, ,167 3,865, ,370 22,589,185 7,620,549 4,050, ,956 3,271, ,730 1,670, ,497 5,489,252 3,452, ,953 1,715, ,340 5,867, ,790 3,787, ,677 1,790, ,136 6,298,841 4,145, ,621 2,156, ,961 5,874,930 87,310 4,557, ,274 2,218, ,354 6,205,423 96, ,274 43,444 16, ,083 28, ,699 45,643 17, ,463 29, ,170 47,674 16, ,006 29, , ,247 16,865 33,888 30, , , ,336 17,340 31,686 31, , ,014 31, ,622 56, , ,905 69, ,149 59, , ,051 72, ,976 54, , , ,284 53, , , , , ,668 53, , , , , ,931 Railway Statistic, Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 1,791 4, ,976 3,143 1,791 4, ,976 3,143 1,949 4, ,979 3,143 1,949 4, ,044 2,600 1,949 4, ,044 2,600 5,825 55,283 4,236 65,348 9,305 5,340 54,318 5,282 60,815 9,697 4,880 58,197 5,556 55,198 9,247 4,340 60,490 3,878 57,512 9,806 3,985 61,280 56,325 10,627 1,508 4, ,000 2,476 1,411 3, ,000 2,542 1,333 4, ,000 2,727 1,241 4, ,987 3,200 1,199 4,477 10,321 3,426 1, ,000 1, ,000 1, ,094 3,000 1, ,219 3,429 1,901 1,095 1,171 3,775 2,

202 Table VII.5. ASEAN Domestic Maritime Statistic: Maritime Port & Fleet Year Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) No of Domestic ,647 n.a Ports ,647 n.a ,647 n.a n.a n.a Dom. Passenger n.a Traffic (Mn) n.a n.a 2000 n.a 2001 n.a Domestic Cargo n.a Thruput (Mn) n.a n.a 2000 n.a 2001 n.a Domestic Cargo ,101,696 n.a Thruput (TEUs) ,640,194 n.a ,179,241 n.a 2000 n.a 2001 n.a Source: ASEAN Transportation Statistics Database (based on Country submission). Notes: na = Not applicable. = Data not available. Table VII.6. ASEAN International Maritime Statistic: Maritime Port & Fleet Year Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) No of International n.a. Ports n.a n.a n.a n.a. Intl. Passenger n.a. Traffic (Mn) n.a n.a n.a n.a. International Cargo n.a. Thruput (Mn Ton) n.a n.a n.a n.a. International Cargo ,990 25,679,549 n.a. Thruput (TEUs) ,589 25,740,531 n.a ,860 32,253,261 n.a , ,435 n.a n.a. Source: ASEAN Transportation Statistics Database (based on Country submission). Notes: na = Not applicable. = Data not available. 180

203 Number of Port and Fleet, Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) n.a n.a n.a n.a 14 9 n.a n.a n.a 1.75 n.a n.a 3.22 n.a n.a 4.14 n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a ,743 1,422,576 n.a n.a 587,039 1,405,867 n.a n.a 502,202 1,411,752 n.a n.a 739,226 1,501,192 n.a n.a 762,552 1,562,408 n.a n.a Number of Port and Fleet, Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) ,435,754 96,783 1,385,448 14,100 2,181, ,679 2,477, ,804 1,143,433 15,100 2,350, ,301 3,487, ,056 1,400,089 15,900 2,493, ,138 3,390, ,497 1,629,464 17,090 3,367,218 1,147,

204 Graphic VII.3. Trend in International Cargo Thruput in International Maritime Transportation in ASEAN Countries, Graphic VII.4. Trend in Domestic Cargo Thruput in Domestic Maritime Transportation in ASEAN Countries,

205 Graphic VII.5. Trend in International Passenger Traffic in International Civil Aviation in ASEAN Countries, Graphic VII.6. Trend in Domestic Passenger Traffic in Domestic Civil Aviation in ASEAN Countries,

206 Civil Aviation Year Brunei Darussalam Table VII.7. ASEAN Domestic Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) No of Domestic Airports Dom. Passenger ,736 25,814, ,934 Traffic ,846 15,168, , ,422 12,514, , Dom. Freight Traffic ('000 tons) No. of Aircraft , ,725 7,043 Traffic , ,691 7, , ,313 8, Source: ASEAN Transportation Statistics Database (based on Country submission). Notes: na = Not applicable. = Data not available. 184

207 Civil Aviation Statistics, Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a. 33 6,720, ,242 22,330,713 n.a. 32,402,409 5,172, ,118 19,249,763 n.a. 33,161,287 5,495, ,221 19,663,301 n.a. 35,095,551 5,998,489 1,120,750 12,156,592 n.a. 6,185,982 1,028,694 12,066,252 n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a n.a. 145,331 9, ,919 n.a. 264, ,582 7, ,659 n.a. 252, ,993 9, ,754 n.a. 262, ,133 18, ,750 n.a. 120,836 16, ,554 n.a. 185

208 Table VII.8. ASEAN International Civil Aviation Year Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) No of International Airports Intl. Passenger ,094, ,189 10,509, ,022 Traffic , ,565 7,850, , , ,796 8,017, , ,669 9,066, ,053,128 8,217, Cargo Loaded ('000 tons) Cargo Unloaded ('000 tons) Aircraft ,525 48,682 1,534 Departures ,868 38,406 1, ,800 35,684 1, , ,450 Aircraft ,525 48,682 1,537 Arrivals ,872 38,650 1, ,800 36,021 1, ,749 40, ,450 41, Source: ASEAN Transportation Statistics Database (based on Country submission). Notes: na = Not applicable. = Data not available. 186

209 Civil Aviation Statistics, Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) ,217, ,751 25,174,344 35,778,358 11,138, ,663 23,803,180 35,212,230 11,870, ,569 26,064,645 37,039,723 4,992,000 12,419, ,701 2,617,944 26,964,283 12,256, ,677 26,541,592 27,394, ,564 86, ,410 3,433 82, ,135 3,329 82, ,258 3,185 21,315 87, ,243 3,013 22,926 89, ,230 3,564 86, ,410 3,433 82, ,135 3,329 82, ,259 3,185 21,277 86,853 3,013 23,019 89,706 91,

210 Table VII.9. ASEAN Telephone Telecommunication Services Year Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) No of Telephone Lines , (Fixed Lines) , in Thousand , Telephone Density (per 100 Persons) No of Cellular Telephone *) 34 1,050 5 ( 000) Subscribers *) 61 2, *) 89 2, Cellphone Density (per 100 person) Source: ASEAN Transportation Statistics Database (based on Country submission); ASEAN in Figures Notes: ASEAN in Figures 2003 is computed based on country s figures. *) Euromonitor, International Marketing Data and Statistics, Table VII.10. ASEAN Internet Telecommunication Services Year Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) No of Internet Service Providers No of Internet Service Subscribers (Thousands) Internet Subscriber per 100 Persons Source: ASEAN Transportation Statistics Database (based on Country submission); ASEAN in Figures Note: Singapore: dial up internet subscriber (ASEAN in Figures 2003). 188

211 Services Statistic, Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam ASEAN (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) 4, ,776 1,685 *) 4,827 1,587*) 23,391 4, ,641 1,752 5,038 2,000*) 25,889 4, ,812 1,851 5,216 2,400*) 27,173 1,936 1,949 1, , , , *) 6,928 2, ,734 1,020 1, *) 8,364 2, ,850 1,471 1, *) 11,135 2,442 2,859 3, Services Statistic, Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam ASEAN (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) , ,

212 Graphic VII.7. Trend in Telephone Density per 100 Persons in ASEAN Countries, Graphic VII.4. Trend in Number of Cellular Phone Subscriber per 100 Persons in ASEAN Countries,

213 Chapter VIII Tourism 191

214 192

215 Table VIII.1. Visitors Arrivals by Country of Destination, Country of Destination (US$ Thousand) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Brunei Darussalam ,083 Cambodia Indonesia 4,324 5,034 5,185 4,606 4,728 5,064 5,154 Lao PDR Malaysia 7,469 7,138 6,211 5,551 7,931 10,272 12,775 Myanmar The Philippines 1,760 2,049 2,223 2,149 1,971 1,992 1,797 1,933 Singapore 7,137 7,293 7,198 6,242 6,967 7,691 7,519 7,566 Thailand 6,952 7,244 7,294 7,843 8,798 9,509 10,062 10,800 Viet Nam 1,351 1,607 1,716 1,504 1,782 2,150 2,330 ASEAN 29,669 31,191 31,341 29,733 34,214 39,136 42,204 Source: ASEAN NTO s, as compares in the ASEAN Tourism Database. Table VIII.2. Rate of Growth of Visitors Arrivals by Country of Destination, (US$ Thousand) Country of Destination (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam ASEAN (8) Source: ASEAN NTO s, as compares in the ASEAN Tourism Database. 193

216 Table VIII.3. Intra-ASEAN Visitor Arrivals by Country of Destination, Country of Destination (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (US$ Thousand) Brunei Darussalam ,125 Cambodia Indonesia 1,705 1,799 1,963 2,102 1,840 2,055 2,115 13,578 Lao PDR ,752 Malaysia 5,542 5,212 4,441 3,843 5,947 7,182 9,208 41,376 Myanmar The Philippines ,163 Singapore 2,228 2,289 2,344 1,888 2,224 2,428 2,520 15,919 Thailand 1,868 1,787 1,831 1,765 2,088 2,197 2,386 13,922 Viet Nam Intra-ASEAN 11,794 11,627 11,967 11,039 13,796 15,916 18,221 94,360 Source: ASEAN NTO s, as compares in the ASEAN Tourism Database (8) (9) Table VIII.4. Extra-ASEAN Visitor Arrivals by Country of Destination, Country of Destination (US$ Thousand) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia ,851 Indonesia 2,619 3,236 3,222 2,505 2,888 3,009 3,039 20,518 Lao PDR Malaysia 1,927 1,926 1,770 1,708 1,984 3,089 3,567 15,971 Myanmar ,101 The Philippines 1,667 1,910 2,067 2,012 1,830 1,709 1,582 12,778 Singapore 4,910 5,004 4,854 4,355 4,743 5,264 4,999 34,128 Thailand 5,083 5,458 5,463 6,077 6,710 7,312 7,676 43,779 Viet Nam 1,328 1,588 1,495 1,504 1,614 1,885 2,089 11,503 Extra-ASEAN 17,875 19,566 19,373 18,694 20,419 23,221 23, ,129 Source: ASEAN NTO s, as compares in the ASEAN Tourism Database. 194

217 Graphic VIII.1. Trend in Intra and Extra-ASEAN Visitor Arrivals, Graphic VIII.2. Trend in Extra-ASEAN Visitor Arrivals by Group of Country of Residence,

218 Table VIII.5. Visitor Arrivals to ASEAN Country of Origin (1) (2) (3) (4) ASEAN 11,793,740 11,627,340 11,967,266 REST OF THE WORLD 17,875,339 19,566,002 19,372,928 ASIA (Other than ASEAN) 9,480,303 10,618,851 10,341,403 Hongkong 995,772 1,120,711 1,118,396 South Korea 1,119,996 1,388,464 1,267,413 Taiwan (ROC) 2,141,286 2,262,466 2,031,047 China 817,762 1,275,667 1,299,483 India 397, , ,318 Japan 3,295,497 3,664,236 3,651,683 Other Asia 712, , ,063 EUROPE 4,297,540 4,348,534 4,477,824 France 574, , ,601 Germany 849, , ,659 Italy 268, , ,027 Netherlands 319, , ,341 Scandinavia 347, , ,605 United Kingdom 1,032,376 1,056,132 1,114,245 Other Europe 906, , ,346 AMERICAS 1,743,100 1,764,716 1,927,275 Canada 234, , ,131 USA 1,442,662 1,440,586 1,577,268 Other Americas 65,540 69,529 67,876 OCEANIA 1,236,973 1,368,005 1,643,837 Australia 1,084,391 1,201,267 1,457,058 New Zealand 152, , ,779 Other Oceania OTHERS 1,117,423 1,465, ,589 TOTAL 29,669,079 31,193,342 31,340,194 Source: ASEAN NTOs, as compiled in the ASEAN Tourism Database. Notes: Scandinavia: Finland, Norway, and Sweden. 196

219 by Country of Origin, (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 11,039,424 13,796,004 15,915,613 18,220,992 94,360,379 18,693,580 20,419,216 23,220,808 23,981, ,129,147 9,044,672 10,013,364 11,594,954 11,745,611 72,839,158 1,110, ,463 1,097,151 1,156,819 7,598, ,680 1,017,993 1,303,079 1,496,788 8,189,413 1,645,623 1,747,184 1,937,042 1,935,592 13,700,240 1,512,295 1,919,688 2,312,536 2,433,558 11,570, , , , ,033 3,874,007 3,070,086 3,345,887 3,855,615 3,539,865 24,422, , , , ,956 3,483,614 4,498,792 4,751,403 5,337,585 5,981,298 33,692, , , , ,293 4,040, , , , ,207 6,052, , , , ,619 1,885, , , , ,249 2,460, , , , ,759 3,232,461 1,230,516 1,304,467 1,567,603 1,613,634 8,918, , ,729 1,009,089 1,616,537 7,102,535 1,984,945 2,152,650 2,396,701 2,357,030 14,326, , , , ,287 2,057,252 1,637,477 1,748,405 1,965,410 1,857,302 11,669,110 80,393 89,007 75, , ,055 1,574,298 1,826,719 1,874,583 2,016,738 11,541,153 1,386,821 1,602,080 1,638,878 1,727,414 10,097, , , , ,395 1,369,846 3,347 11,574 10,548 47,929 73,398 1,590,873 1,675,080 2,016,985 1,880,597 10,729,443 29,733,004 34,215,220 39,136,421 42,202, ,489,

220 Graphic VIII.3. Share of Visitor Arrivals to ASEAN by Group of Country of Origin, Graphic VIII.4. Rate of Growth of Tourist Arrivals to ASEAN by Group of Country Origin,

221 Graphic VIII.5. Share of Visitor Arrivals to ASEAN 5 by Group of Country of Origin, Graphic VIII.6. Share of Visitor Arrivals to BCLMV by Group of Country of Origin,

222 Table VIII.6. Visitor Arrivals to ASEAN Member Countries Country of Origin Brunei Darussalam Country of Destination Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) ASEAN 4,125, ,704 13,578,349 2,751,857 41,375,621 REST OF THE WORLD 503,760 1,851,409 20,517, ,466 15,971,053 ASIA (Other than ASEAN) 155, ,170 9,636, ,113 7,567,322 Hongkong 2,701 15, , ,142 South Korea 8,333 49,551 1,382,144 18, ,311 Taiwan (ROC) 36, ,437 2,764,279 17,477 1,497,610 China 15, , , ,374 1,626,747 India 28,149 11, ,208 55, ,536 Japan 23, ,159 4,173,094 84,214 2,385,569 Other Asia 40,854 49, ,038 13, ,407 EUROPE 209, ,630 5,437, ,437 3,577,462 France 8, , , , ,261 Germany 17,422 38,439 1,145,221 50, ,001 Italy 1,334 18, ,718 17, ,333 Netherlands 17,595 11, ,007 19, ,474 Scandinavia 4,439 9, ,747 27, ,431 United Kingdom 153,633 82,905 1,089,685 65,432 1,340,412 Other Europe 7,374 57,290 1,088,520 77,679 1,016,550 AMERICAS 46, ,562 1,530, ,504 1,158,651 Canada 20,883 33, ,492 41, ,029 USA 25, ,198 1,186, , ,528 Other Americas , ,420 2, ,094 OCEANIA 72,051 74,119 3,180,972 71,023 1,333,404 Australia 55,607 62,055 2,939,213 57,913 1,154,176 New Zealand 16,444 12, ,236 13, ,843 Other Oceania - - 2,523-37,385 OTHERS 19, , ,543 39,389 2,334,214 TOTAL 4,628,797 2,209,113 34,096,277 3,748,323 57,346,674 Source: ASEAN NTOs, as compiled in the ASEAN Tourism Database. Notes: Scandinavia: Finland, Norway, and Sweden. 200

223 by Country of Origin and Destination, Myanmar The Philippines Country of Destination Singapore Thailand Viet Nam TOTAL (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 230,134 1,163,299 15,919,455 13,922, ,904 94,360,379 1,100,500 12,778,297 34,127,679 43,779,313 11,502, ,129, ,511 6,071,864 19,052,105 23,250,380 5,604,937 72,839,158 9,131 1,020,372 1,928,408 3,173,784 91,813 7,598,026 36,696 1,063,526 2,088,828 2,897, ,951 8,189, ,544 1,134,133 2,784,418 3,834,656 1,280,561 13,700,240 60, ,589 2,261,637 4,017,924 3,049,751 11,570,989 26, ,756 1,837,527 1,109,092 14,632 3,874, ,735 2,533,656 6,834,906 7,131, ,099 24,422,869 60,721 77,832 1,316,381 1,085,950 11,130 3,483, ,630 1,842,778 7,120,176 12,991,852 1,418,719 33,692,976 98, , ,859 1,533, ,591 4,040,755 59, ,715 1,213,857 2,592, ,625 6,052,273 43,427 91, , ,867 38,445 1,885,915 5, , , ,626 27,939 2,460,064 3, , ,836 1,780,256 76,256 3,232,461 58, ,426 2,598,691 2,614, ,525 8,918,973 78, ,801 1,409,183 2,835, ,338 7,102,535 88,441 3,359,296 3,114,718 3,272,077 1,333,953 14,326,417 12, , , , ,834 2,057,252 73,083 2,913,123 2,519,507 2,643,266 1,206,310 11,669,110 2,678 31, , ,043 2, ,055 29, ,733 3,614,142 2,243, ,132 11,541,153 25, ,034 3,034,036 1,935, ,806 10,097,909 4,371 54, , ,600 26,326 1,369, ,917 19,036 7,527-73,398 82, ,626 1,226,538 2,021,814 2,849,001 10,729,443 1,330,634 13,941,596 50,047,134 57,701,332 12,439, ,489,

224 Table VIII.7. Percentage Change of Visitor Arrivals to ASEAN Country of Origin (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD ASIA (Other than ASEAN) Hongkong South Korea Taiwan (ROC) China India Japan Other Asia EUROPE France Germany Italy Netherlands Scandinavia United Kingdom Other Europe AMERICAS Canada USA Other Americas OCEANIA Australia New Zealand Other Oceania OTHERS TOTAL Source: ASEAN NTOs, as compiled in the ASEAN Tourism Database. Notes: Scandinavia: Finland, Norway, and Sweden. 202

225 by Country of Origin, (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13)

226 Table VIII.8. Share in Visitor Arrivals to ASEAN Country of Origin (1) (2) (3) (4) ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD ASIA (Other than ASEAN) Hongkong South Korea Taiwan (ROC) China India Japan Other Asia EUROPE France Germany Italy Netherlands Scandinavia United Kingdom Other Europe AMERICAS Canada USA Other Americas OCEANIA Australia New Zealand Other Oceania OTHERS TOTAL Source: ASEAN NTOs, as compiled in the ASEAN Tourism Database. Notes: Scandinavia: Finland, Norway, and Sweden. 204

227 by Country of Origin, (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)

228 Table VIII.9. Share in Visitor Arrivals to ASEAN Member Countries Country of Origin Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD ASIA (Other than ASEAN) Hongkong South Korea Taiwan (ROC) China India Japan Other Asia EUROPE France Germany Italy Netherlands Scandinavia United Kingdom Other Europe AMERICAS Canada USA Other Americas OCEANIA Australia New Zealand Other Oceania OTHERS TOTAL Source: ASEAN NTOs, as compiled in the ASEAN Tourism Database. Notes: Scandinavia: Finland, Norway, and Sweden. 206

229 by Country of Origin, Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam TOTAL (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)

230 Table VIII.10. Share of Intra-ASEAN Visitor in ASEAN Country of Origin/ Country of Destination (1) (2) (3) (4) Brunei Darussalam ASEAN 88.7 REST OF THE WORLD 11.3 Cambodia ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD Indonesia ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD Lao PDR ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD Malaysia ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD Myanmar ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD The Philippines ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD Singapore ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD Thailand ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD Viet Nam ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD ALL ASEAN ASEAN REST OF THE WORLD Source: ASEAN NTOs, as compiled in the ASEAN Tourism Database. Notes: Scandinavia: Finland, Norway, and Sweden. 208

231 Member Countries, (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)

232 Graphic VIII.7. Share of Intra-ASEAN Tourist Arrivals by Host Countries, 2001 Graphic VIII.8. Share of Intra and Extra-ASEAN Visitor Arrivals to ASEAN Countries,

233 Graphic VIII.9. Trend in Visitor Arrivals in ASEAN 5 by Country, Graphic VIII.10. Trend in Visitor Arrivals in BCLMV by Country,

234 Table VIII.11. Intra-ASEAN Visitor Arrivals Country of Origin (1) (2) (3) (4) Brunei Darussalam 268, , ,524 Cambodia 117, , ,534 Indonesia 1,715,551 2,071,018 2,370,405 Lao PDR 93, , ,208 Malaysia 2,745,522 2,972,361 3,138,823 Myanmar 73,159 75,382 78,468 The Philippines 401, , ,119 Singapore 6,952,268 7,604,076 9,208,943 Thailand 1,268,863 1,766,287 1,799,136 Viet Nam 156, , ,942 Other (unspecified) 3,405 13,202 4,890 Intra-ASEAN 13,796,004 15,915,613 18,220,992 Source: ASEAN NTOs, as compiled in the ASEAN Tourism Database. 212

235 by Country of Origin, Share (%) Rate of Growth (%) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)

236 Table VIII.12. Visitors Arrival to Brunei Darussalam Country of Origin (1) (2) (3) (4) ASEAN 570,382 REST OF THE WORLD 72,833 ASIA (Other than ASEAN) 21,248 Hongkong 332 South Korea 1,461 Taiwan (ROC) 4,495 China 428 India 4,152 Japan 5,653 Other Asia 4,727 EUROPE 33,150 France 1,114 Germany 2,467 Italy 296 Netherlands 3,716 Scandinavia 890 United Kingdom 23,420 Other Europe 1,247 AMERICAS 7,285 Canada 3,011 USA 3,964 Other Americas 310 OCEANIA 8,943 Australia 6,406 New Zealand 2,537 Other Oceania 0 OTHERS 2,207 TOTAL 643,215 Source: ASEAN NTOs, as compiled in the ASEAN Tourism Database. Notes: Scandinavia: Finland, Norway, and Sweden. 214

237 by Country of Origin, (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 863, , , ,596 4,125, , , , , ,760 27,521 26,378 38,153 41, , ,701 1,633 1,583 1,741 1,915 8,333 4,984 6,804 9,449 10,393 36, ,044 6,209 6,829 15,217 4,868 6,032 6,237 6,860 28,149 6,639 3,260 3,968 4,364 23,884 8,232 7,041 9,931 10,923 40,854 42,669 46,405 41,728 45, ,846 2,129 1,879 1,394 1,533 8,049 2,871 3,317 4,175 4,592 17, ,334 3,357 3,697 3,250 3,575 17,595 1, ,439 31,500 34,594 30,533 33, ,633 1,370 1,835 1,393 1,529 7,374 10,184 9,388 9,469 10,415 46,741 4,379 4,453 4,305 4,735 20,883 5,805 4,935 5,164 5,680 25, ,491 17,615 14,763 16,239 72,051 10,464 13,617 11,962 13,158 55,607 4,027 3,998 2,801 3,081 16, ,503 3,774 3,980 4,395 19, , , ,093 1,082,502 4,628,

238 Table VIII.13. Visitors Arrival to Cambodia Country of Origin (1) (2) (3) (4) ASEAN 37,625 63,062 56,133 REST OF THE WORLD 182, , ,710 ASIA (Other than ASEAN) 111, ,522 85,314 Hongkong 1,656 2,070 1,785 South Korea 4,141 8,982 8,469 Taiwan (ROC) 22,422 35,329 28,116 China 22,886 22,029 17,282 India 1,158 2,148 2,000 Japan 21,629 33,039 25,362 Other Asia 37,493 1,925 2,300 EUROPE 37,907 53,761 43,331 France 19,437 23,333 17,538 Germany 3,499 5,488 4,604 Italy 1,810 2,968 1,870 Netherlands 0 2,652 1,239 Scandinavia 0 1,302 1,224 United Kingdom 5,809 9,306 9,193 Other Europe 7,352 8,712 7,663 AMERICAS 21,538 27,812 24,561 Canada 3,692 5,143 3,716 USA 17,846 21,967 20,291 Other Americas OCEANIA 7,968 9,431 8,758 Australia 6,634 7,508 7,237 New Zealand 1,334 1,923 1,521 Other Oceania OTHERS 3, TOTAL 219, , ,843 Source: ASEAN NTOs, as compiled in the ASEAN Tourism Database. Notes: Scandinavia: Finland, Norway, and Sweden. 216

239 by Country of Origin, (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 38,046 48,791 55,684 58, , , , , ,556 1,851,409 61,203 75,831 86,446 89, ,170 2,596 2,128 3,646 1,769 15,650 4,467 6,377 7,536 9,579 49,551 18,239 20,607 21,626 23, ,437 18,035 26,805 30,586 32, ,625 1,195 1,455 1,767 2,271 11,994 13,386 17,885 19,906 17, ,159 3, ,379 2,798 49,754 46,165 57,223 65,155 66, ,630 18,616 23,754 24,883 23, ,889 4,199 6,490 7,298 6,861 38,439 2,116 3,384 3,060 3,170 18,378 1,274 2,346 1,905 2,423 11,839 1, ,378 2,713 9,890 11,156 13,843 15,912 17,686 82,905 7,499 6,438 9,719 9,907 57,290 22,324 64,241 42,181 43, ,562 3,298 5,415 5,646 6,191 33,101 17,946 30,301 35,814 37, ,198 1,080 28, ,263 8,172 11,287 13,237 15,266 74,119 6,777 9,471 11,350 13,078 62,055 1,395 1,816 1,887 2,188 12, , , , , , , , ,919 2,209,

240 Table VIII.14. Visitors Arrival to Indonesia Country of Origin (1) (2) (3) (4) ASEAN 1,705,227 1,798,740 1,963,281 REST OF THE WORLD 2,619,002 3,235,732 3,221,962 ASIA (Other than ASEAN) 1,209,838 1,770,360 1,560,246 Hongkong 93, , ,450 South Korea 115, , ,307 Taiwan (ROC) 352, , ,929 China 38,895 21,739 0 India 31,968 26,947 26,418 Japan 486, , ,942 Other Asia 91,646 75,601 72,200 EUROPE 793, , ,340 France 80,422 88, ,843 Germany 167, , ,976 Italy 55,725 62,912 67,802 Netherlands 136, , ,622 Scandinavia 39,480 37,749 41,443 United Kingdom 165, , ,161 Other Europe 147, , ,493 AMERICAS 201, , ,726 Canada 30,700 32,244 27,075 USA 155, , ,707 Other Americas 15,338 14,330 9,944 OCEANIA 348, , ,918 Australia 320, , ,156 New Zealand 28,339 33,077 38,762 Other Oceania OTHERS 65,340 52,911 54,732 TOTAL 4,324,229 5,034,472 5,185,243 Source: ASEAN NTOs, as compiled in the ASEAN Tourism Database. Notes: Scandinavia: Finland, Norway, and Sweden. 218

241 by Country of Origin, (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 2,101,671 1,839,899 2,054,974 2,114,557 13,578,349 2,504,745 2,888,181 3,009,243 3,039,063 20,517,928 1,138,186 1,256,503 1,364,782 1,336,578 9,636,493 53,500 67,841 72,647 70, , , , , ,233 1,382, , , , ,696 2,764, ,742 28, ,705 40,850 30,081 34,982 34, , , , , ,314 4,173, ,616 16,127 16,587 16, , , , , ,970 5,437,446 70,396 78,960 93,798 98, , , , , ,881 1,145,221 50,383 66,195 63,182 59, ,718 81,507 96, , , ,007 38,255 37,757 74, , , , , ,027 1,089, , , , ,080 1,088, , , , ,097 1,530,474 25,091 26,042 30,399 34, , , , , ,869 1,186,562 26,355 13,344 27,822 30, , , , , ,880 3,180, , , , ,982 2,939,213 32,590 40,845 32,725 32, , , ,523 96, , , , ,543 4,606,416 4,728,080 5,064,217 5,153,620 34,096,

242 Table VIII.15. Visitors Arrival to Lao PDR Country of Origin (1) (2) (3) (4) ASEAN 285, , ,266 REST OF THE WORLD 61, , ,934 ASIA (Other than ASEAN) 24,632 49,197 41,166 Hongkong South Korea 356 1,930 2,110 Taiwan (ROC) 2,099 2,638 2,440 China 4,076 16,707 17,661 India 11,396 17,238 5,866 Japan 4,318 6,672 9,194 Other Asia 2,387 4,012 3,895 EUROPE 20,635 30,582 38,583 France 9,210 11,608 13,745 Germany 2,498 4,269 5,524 Italy 1,047 1,865 1,934 Netherlands 432 1,342 1,715 Scandinavia 1,209 2, United Kingdom 3,090 4,162 6,054 Other Europe 3,149 5,080 8,951 AMERICAS 11,019 14,102 18,213 Canada 9,001 2,531 3,555 USA 1,868 11,181 14,442 Other Americas OCEANIA 4,536 7,045 9,349 Australia 3,833 6,121 7,876 New Zealand ,473 Other Oceania OTHERS ,623 TOTAL 346, , ,200 Source: ASEAN NTOs, as compiled in the ASEAN Tourism Database. Notes: Scandinavia: Finland, Norway, and Sweden. 220

243 by Country of Origin, (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 365, , , ,137 2,751, , , , , ,466 41,125 51,502 60,095 65, , ,475 3,786 4,944 4,051 18,652 2,098 2,801 2,940 2,461 17,477 15,802 20,269 28,215 40, ,374 8,814 6,533 3,309 2,693 55,849 12,936 14,860 20,687 15,547 84, , ,547 52,076 78,718 81,883 74, ,437 17,863 19,960 24,534 21, ,582 7,529 9,262 11,580 10,322 50,984 2,348 3,258 4,061 3,128 17,641 2,488 3,686 5,035 4,498 19,196 4,250 6,490 7,264 5,794 27,923 8,902 12,298 15,204 15,722 65,432 8,696 23,764 14,205 13,834 77,679 25,326 31,780 42,111 32, ,504 4,737 6,355 8,330 7,174 41,683 20,174 24,672 32,869 25, , ,836 11,566 12,906 13,553 12,068 71,023 9,579 10,789 10,168 9,547 57,913 1,987 2,117 3,385 2,521 13, ,053 3,231 11,213 16,309 39, , , , ,823 3,748,

244 Table VIII.16. Visitors Arrival to Malaysia Country of Origin (1) (2) (3) (4) ASEAN 5,542,087 5,212,294 4,440,532 REST OF THE WORLD 1,926,662 1,926,158 1,770,389 ASIA (Other than ASEAN) 1,149,957 1,017, ,109 Hongkong 146, , ,153 South Korea 71,622 73,902 68,610 Taiwan (ROC) 293, , ,776 China 103, , ,679 India 27,701 31,959 28,948 Japan 330, , ,902 Other Asia 176,280 41,532 55,041 EUROPE 404, , ,956 France 28,741 30,201 25,426 Germany 63,915 63,508 57,722 Italy 17,444 17,203 14,853 Netherlands 18,097 19,396 16,028 Scandinavia 33,430 30,304 43,293 United Kingdom 164, , ,079 Other Europe 78,169 84,128 63,555 AMERICAS 136, , ,164 Canada 29,223 33,807 32,196 USA 97, ,056 94,649 Other Americas 9,635 11,128 10,319 OCEANIA 155, , ,867 Australia 136, , ,262 New Zealand 19,374 19,431 16,605 Other Oceania OTHERS 80, , ,293 TOTAL 7,468,749 7,138,452 6,210,921 Source: ASEAN NTOs, as compiled in the ASEAN Tourism Database. Notes: Scandinavia: Finland, Norway, and Sweden. 222

245 by Country of Origin, (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 3,843,111 5,947,009 7,182,452 9,208,136 41,375,621 1,707,637 1,984,140 3,089,130 3,566,937 15,971, , ,423 1,375,157 1,537,504 7,567,322 90,148 66,981 76, , ,142 21,741 41,650 72,443 66, , , , , ,811 1,497, , , , ,246 1,626,747 33,751 46, , , , , , , ,639 2,385,569 49,612 19, , , , , ,403 1,131,912 3,577,462 25,978 21,208 31,785 32, ,261 50,583 43,316 74,556 70, ,001 14,179 14,470 34,548 20, ,333 21,564 17,955 35,400 52, ,474 33,751 34,047 48,739 62, , , , , ,423 1,340,412 56,644 30,807 72, ,629 1,016, , , , ,349 1,158,651 30,082 25,987 55,799 38, ,029 83,089 83, , , ,528 8,398 4, , , , , , ,618 1,333, , , , ,340 1,154,176 19,461 17,728 19,351 29, , ,385 37, , , , ,554 2,334,214 5,550,748 7,931,149 10,271,582 12,775,073 57,346,

246 Table VIII.17. Visitors Arrival to Myanmar Country of Origin (1) (2) (3) (4) ASEAN 11,659 17,488 32,890 REST OF THE WORLD 98, , ,802 ASIA (Other than ASEAN) 52,632 72,456 87,974 Hongkong 0 1,391 1,340 South Korea 0 6,527 4,847 Taiwan (ROC) 0 23,180 32,791 China 0 2,540 6,047 India 603 1,818 3,302 Japan 16,095 31,048 34,553 Other Asia 35,934 5,952 5,094 EUROPE 33,880 56,614 49,906 France 8,218 18,686 17,087 Germany 4,639 8,998 7,146 Italy 4,533 6,859 5,631 Netherlands 0 2,950 0 Scandinavia United Kingdom 6,727 7,198 7,981 Other Europe 9,763 11,923 12,061 AMERICAS 9,103 10,773 11,565 Canada 1,189 1,564 1,688 USA 7,914 8,706 9,303 Other Americas OCEANIA 2,499 3,519 4,064 Australia 1,863 2,923 3,422 New Zealand Other Oceania OTHERS 8 2,636 2,293 TOTAL 109, , ,692 Source: ASEAN NTOs, as compiled in the ASEAN Tourism Database. Notes: Scandinavia: Finland, Norway, and Sweden. 224

247 by Country of Origin, (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 37,696 41,782 45,169 43, , , , , ,412 1,100,500 87,539 85,726 85,843 80, ,511 1,652 1,598 1,742 1,408 9,131 4,433 5,885 7,423 7,581 36,696 34,478 32,977 32,098 26, ,544 8,561 12,148 14,336 16,788 60,420 4,281 5,083 5,605 5,572 26,264 28,672 25,319 21,930 20, ,735 5,462 2,716 2,709 2,854 60,721 51,659 49,680 53,222 52, ,630 15,410 13,594 13,313 12,461 98,769 8,492 9,039 9,920 11,450 59,684 6,009 6,925 6,852 6,618 43, , , , ,154 3,860 9,494 9,267 9,020 8,424 58,111 12,254 9,097 11,114 12,542 78,754 12,695 12,611 15,202 16,492 88,441 1,998 1,879 2,022 2,340 12,680 10,697 10,270 12,669 13,524 73, ,678 5,305 4,207 4,719 5,074 29,387 4,593 3,643 4,120 4,442 25, , ,832 1,416 66,510 6,836 82, , , , ,862 1,330,

248 Table VIII.18. Visitors Arrival to The Philippines Country of Origin (1) (2) (3) (4) ASEAN 92, , ,226 REST OF THE WORLD 1,667,198 1,910,043 2,067,297 ASIA (Other than ASEAN) 774, ,481 1,016,393 Hongkong 107, , ,606 South Korea 121, , ,087 Taiwan (ROC) 190, , ,370 China 8,606 15,757 19,093 India 12,440 16,062 17,711 Japan 323, , ,714 Other Asia 11,152 11,323 26,812 EUROPE 231, , ,619 France 18,044 21,027 24,089 Germany 50,766 60,367 62,595 Italy 12,745 13,822 15,542 Netherlands 12,209 14,873 15,572 Scandinavia 21,427 26,611 27,841 United Kingdom 70,591 83,513 95,044 Other Europe 46,120 52,774 50,936 AMERICAS 391, , ,213 Canada 45,725 56,852 64,092 USA 342, , ,431 Other Americas 3,395 4,023 4,690 OCEANIA 83,720 96, ,994 Australia 75,898 87,553 93,949 New Zealand 7,822 9,396 10,045 Other Oceania OTHERS 185, , ,078 TOTAL 1,760,063 2,049,367 2,222,523 Source: ASEAN NTOs, as compiled in the ASEAN Tourism Database. Notes: Scandinavia: Finland, Norway, and Sweden. 226

249 by Country of Origin, (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 137, , , ,397 1,163,299 2,012,327 1,829,895 1,709,041 1,582,496 12,778, , , , ,566 6,071, , , , ,408 1,020,372 81, , , ,957 1,063, , ,810 75,722 85,231 1,134,133 24,252 21,220 14,724 18, ,589 20,945 18,637 18,570 15, , , , , ,840 2,533,656 8,938 7,283 5,522 6,802 77, , , , ,345 1,842,778 25,909 24,462 19,179 13, ,628 64,207 62,044 51,131 40, ,715 14,463 13,880 12,454 8,994 91,900 16,953 17,188 16,150 13, ,485 33,614 21,456 19,878 15, ,823 97,704 88,920 74,507 60, ,426 54,208 62,530 56,088 46, , , , , ,008 3,359,296 66,756 64,986 61,004 54, , , , , ,099 2,913,123 5,032 5,894 4,815 3,967 31,816 85,860 89,770 86,438 80, ,733 85,655 77,732 75,706 68, , ,404 9,078 7,832 54, ,634 1,654 3,629 6, ,481 43,482 35,475 39, ,626 2,149,357 1,971,224 1,992,169 1,796,893 13,941,

250 Table VIII.19. Visitors Arrival to Singapore Country of Origin (1) (2) (3) (4) ASEAN 2,227,736 2,288,550 2,343,969 REST OF THE WORLD 4,909,519 5,003,971 4,853,994 ASIA (Other than ASEAN) 2,961,518 2,988,902 2,857,091 Hongkong 279, , ,832 South Korea 350, , ,436 Taiwan (ROC) 563, , ,782 China 201, , ,109 India 188, , ,612 Japan 1,179,007 1,171,899 1,094,047 Other Asia 197, , ,273 EUROPE 966,000 1,002, ,555 France 74,639 76,670 73,603 Germany 190, , ,544 Italy 46,955 41,898 41,441 Netherlands 70,601 66,078 63,153 Scandinavia 80, , ,217 United Kingdom 288, , ,158 Other Europe 214, , ,439 AMERICAS 425, , ,441 Canada 61,873 65,574 62,527 USA 345, , ,418 Other Americas 18,329 19,900 21,496 OCEANIA 412, , ,840 Australia 346, , ,466 New Zealand 66,201 67,722 70,374 Other Oceania OTHERS 143, ,459 97,067 TOTAL 7,137,255 7,292,521 7,197,963 Source: ASEAN NTOs, as compiled in the ASEAN Tourism Database. Notes: Scandinavia: Finland, Norway, and Sweden. 228

251 by Country of Origin, (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 1,887,616 2,223,971 2,427,668 2,519,945 15,919,455 4,354,536 4,743,289 5,263,731 4,998,639 34,127,679 2,336,146 2,490,960 2,805,612 2,611,876 19,052, , , , ,093 1,928,408 99, , , ,046 2,088, , , , ,052 2,784, , , , ,380 2,261, , , , ,795 1,837, , , , ,683 6,834, , , , ,827 1,316, ,739 1,013,823 1,089,448 1,077,840 7,120,176 75,674 74,049 74,773 71, , , , , ,965 1,213,857 40,796 43,814 42,230 35, ,872 60,073 64,665 77,326 74, ,878 82,641 75,935 84,500 75, , , , , ,932 2,598, , , , ,078 1,409, , , , ,989 3,114,718 64,266 72,529 71,393 69, , , , , ,745 2,519,507 18,525 14,491 20,064 14, , , , , ,837 3,614, , , , ,545 3,034,036 81,574 86,657 94,274 94, , ,850 6,162 6,024 19, , , , ,097 1,226,538 6,242,152 6,967,260 7,691,399 7,518,584 50,047,

252 Table VIII.20. Visitors Arrival to Thailand Country of Origin (1) (2) (3) (4) ASEAN 1,868,122 1,786,806 1,830,928 REST OF THE WORLD 5,083,444 5,457,594 5,463,029 ASIA (Other than ASEAN) 2,768,371 3,005,521 2,975,912 Hongkong 346, , ,325 South Korea 456, , ,087 Taiwan (ROC) 492, , ,280 China 375, , ,795 India 123, , ,121 Japan 814, , ,454 Other Asia 159, , ,850 EUROPE 1,618,379 1,651,788 1,635,581 France 197, , ,643 Germany 365, , ,329 Italy 127, , ,778 Netherlands 81, ,587 77,296 Scandinavia 171, , ,410 United Kingdom 274, , ,664 Other Europe 400, , ,461 AMERICAS 357, , ,190 Canada 53,495 56,886 57,336 USA 285, , ,081 Other Americas 18,693 18,553 19,773 OCEANIA 220, , ,212 Australia 192, , ,781 New Zealand 28,173 33,669 35,431 Other Oceania OTHERS 118, , ,134 TOTAL 6,951,566 7,244,400 7,293,957 Source: ASEAN NTOs, as compiled in the ASEAN Tourism Database. Notes: Scandinavia: Finland, Norway, and Sweden. 230

253 by Country of Origin, (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 1,765,488 2,088,300 2,196,847 2,385,528 13,922,019 6,077,273 6,709,785 7,311,776 7,676,412 43,779,313 3,076,488 3,534,979 3,884,764 4,004,345 23,250, , , , ,465 3,173, , , , ,916 2,897, , , , ,769 3,834, , , , ,886 4,017, , , , ,132 1,109, ,264 1,064,539 1,197,931 1,168,548 7,131, , , , ,629 1,085,950 1,888,673 1,990,449 2,049,037 2,157,945 12,991, , , , ,511 1,533, , , , ,034 2,592, , , , , ,867 91, , , , , , , , ,355 1,780, , , , ,014 2,614, , , , ,149 2,835, , , , ,857 3,272,077 66,468 76,501 86,279 92, , , , , ,276 2,643,266 20,588 20,234 20,424 20, , , , , ,772 2,243, , , , ,696 1,935,063 42,179 44,183 55,775 61, ,600 3,347 2, , , , , ,493 2,021,814 7,842,761 8,798,085 9,508,623 10,061,940 57,701,

254 Table VIII.21. Visitors Arrival to Viet Nam Country of Origin (1) (2) (3) (4) ASEAN 23,117 19, ,659 REST OF THE WORLD 1,328,179 1,587,529 1,494,978 ASIA (Other than ASEAN) 427, , ,950 Hongkong 21,133 14,918 11,573 South Korea ,999 Taiwan (ROC) 224, , ,068 China 62, , ,389 India 0 0 4,188 Japan 119, , ,862 Other Asia 0 0 6,871 EUROPE 190, , ,803 France 137,890 73,599 81,513 Germany ,752 Italy 0 0 7,880 Netherlands Scandinavia ,627 United Kingdom 52,820 40,692 47,491 Other Europe ,540 AMERICAS 189,090 43, ,917 Canada ,935 USA 189,090 43, ,982 Other Americas OCEANIA ,892 Australia ,503 New Zealand 0 0 9,389 Other Oceania OTHERS 520, , ,416 TOTAL 1,351,296 1,607,155 1,715,637 Source: ASEAN NTOs, as compiled in the ASEAN Tourism Database. Notes: Scandinavia: Finland, Norway, and Sweden. 232

255 by Country of Origin, (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 0 167, , , ,904 1,503,654 1,614,473 1,884,762 2,089,167 11,502, , ,379 1,067,223 1,165,573 5,604,937 8,573 9,172 22,170 4,274 91, ,333 53,452 75, , , , , ,061 1,280, , , , ,846 3,049, , ,844 14,632 95, , , , , , ,521 11, , , , ,675 1,418,719 83,371 86,026 86,492 99, , ,719 32,058 39, , ,819 10,138 11,608 38, ,347 15,592 27, ,724 18,543 22,362 76,256 39,631 43,863 56,355 64, , ,871 46,283 59, , , , , ,965 1,333, ,091 30,845 35, , , , , ,470 1,206, , ,532 2, ,811 73,447 90, , ,056 68,162 84, , ,755 5,285 6,897 26, , , , ,972 2,849,001 1,503,654 1,781,754 2,150,100 2,330,050 12,439,

256 234

257 Chapter IX Agriculture 235

258 236

259 Table IX.1. Agriculture Land and Land Use, 2000 Country Total Area ( 000 Ha) Land Area ( 000 Ha) ( 000 Ha) Agriculture Area Total % of Land Area Arable Land ( 000 Ha) Permanent Crops ( 000 Ha) Permanent Pasture ( 000 Ha) Agriculture Population (%) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia 18,104 17,652 5, , , Indonesia 190, ,157 44, ,500 13,046 11, Lao PDR 23,680 23,080 1, Malaysia 32,975 32,855 7, ,820 5, Myanmar 67,658 65,755 10, , The Philippines 30,000 29,817 11, ,550 4,500 1, Singapore Thailand 51,312 51,089 18, ,700 3, Viet Nam 33,169 32,549 7, ,750 1, Total 447, , , ,801 29,018 16, Source: FAOSTAT website, as of 30 May Table IX.2. GDP Share, Employment, Export and Import Share of Agriculture Sector GDP Share Employment Share Export Share Import Share Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Brunei Darussalam ) Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar ) 77.7 The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam ) Total in percent Total in Million US $ 323, , , ,912 Source: GDP: ASEAN ASCU Database, based on constant price GDP; Employment share: ASEAN in figures 2003; Trade Share: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Notes: GDP share; based on real (Constant Price) GDP. 1) 1995 figure 2) 2000 figure (%) 237

260 Table IX.3. Production of Selected Products Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Cassava , Cereals,Total 0 4,285 59,808 2,446 2,161 Rice, Paddy 0 4,099 50,461 2,335 2,094 Maize 186 9, Coconuts , Coffee, Green Fruit Primary , ,014 Bananas , Mangoes Pineapples Natural Rubber , Oil Palm Fruit 38,300 58,950 Soybeans Sugar Cane 169 1,600 Tobacco Leaves Source: FAO Database Website, as of 30 May 2003 Table IX.4. Production of Selected Products Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Cassava , Cereals,Total 0 3,908 60,881 2,523 2,161 Rice, Paddy 0 3,740 51,604 2,410 2,091 Maize 168 9, Coconuts , Coffee, Green Fruit Primary , Bananas , Mangoes Pineapples Natural Rubber , Oil Palm Fruit 40,000 67,400 Soybeans Sugar Cane , ,600 Tobacco Leaves Source: FAO Database Website, as of 30 May

261 Agricultural Products, 2001 Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam (Thousand Metric Ton) TOTAL (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 97 1,652 18,396 2,806 40,601 22,713 17,480 31,634 34, ,620 21,900 12,955 26,954 31, , ,525 4,466 2,123 21, , , , ,633 1,365 11, ,671 4,248 34,132 5,061 1,750 1,126 12, , ,665 1,620 1, , , , , , ,434 5,894 24,962 60,013 14, , Agricultural Products, 2002 Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam (Thousand Metric Ton) TOTAL (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 97 1,652 16,870 4,158 40,128 22,849 17,590 30,484 36, ,775 21,900 13,271 25,945 34, , ,319 4,170 2,315 21, , , , ,297 1,365 11, ,671 4,275 34,452 5,264 1,750 1,044 12, , ,697 1,636 1, , , , , , ,571 6,333 25,835 62,350 16, ,

262 Table IX.5. ASEAN Exports of Selected Agricultural No Description Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Malaysia (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 01 Rice, incld husked and broken rice Banana, fresh Pineaplle Prod excluding fresh *) Mangoes pineapple fresh, including guava, manggosteen, etc Oil of Plam 1,081 2, Coconut Oil Cake of Coconuts Soybeans Sugar and honey Coffee, green, husk, roasted Shrmps, Prwn, lbster, crb, oth crustn, frsh, chld, frz 0 2 1, Tobacco Crude Rubber Fertilizers, manufactured Insecticides, fungcd, herbicd, disinfectn & rodenticd Source and Notes: See Table IX.6. Table IX.6. ASEAN Exports of Selected Agricultural No Description Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Malaysia (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 01 Rice, incld husked and broken rice Banana, fresh Pineaplle Prod excluding fresh *) Mangoes pineapple fresh, including guava, manggosteen, etc Oil of Plam 876 2, Coconut Oil Cake of Coconuts Soybeans Sugar and honey Coffee, green, husk, roasted Shrmps, Prwn, lbster, crb, oth crustn, frsh, chld, frz 0 1, Tobacco Crude Rubber 2,099 1, Fertilizers, manufactured Insecticides, fungcd, herbicd, disinfectn & rodenticd Source: ASEAN Trade Statistic Database. Notes: Cambodia: data is available for 2000 and 2001 Myanmar: data is available for 1999, 2000 and 2001 Singapore: data are not available at details. *) Thailand figures include other fruit products. 240

263 Products and Inputs by Countries, 2001 Myanmar (7) The Philippines (8) Singapore (9) Thailand TOTAL ASEAN 6 (10) (11) (12) ,218 1,313 1, (US$ Million) ,460 3, ,280 2,700 2, ,668 2,992 2, Products and Inputs by Countries, 1996 (US$ Million) Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand TOTAL ASEAN 6 (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 0 2 2,025 2,027 2, ,496 3, ,447 1,770 1, ,750 3,242 3, , ,732 1, ,516 6,487 6,

264 Table IX.7. ASEAN Imports of Selected Agricultural No Description Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Malaysia (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 01 Rice, incld husked and broken rice Banana, fresh Pineaplle Prod excluding fresh *) Mangoes pineapple fresh, including guava, manggosteen, etc Oil of Plam Coconut Oil Cake of Coconuts Soybeans Sugar and honey Coffee, green, husk, roasted Shrmps, Prwn, lbster, crb, oth crustn, frsh, chld, frz Tobacco Crude Rubber Fertilizers, manufactured Insecticides, fungcd, herbicd, disinfectn & rodenticd Source and Notes: See Table IX.8. Table IX.8. ASEAN Imports of Selected Agricultural No Description Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Malaysia (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 01 Rice, incld husked and broken rice Banana, fresh Pineaplle Prod excluding fresh *) Mangoes pineapple fresh, including guava, manggosteen, etc Oil of Plam Coconut Oil Cake of Coconuts Soybeans Sugar and honey Coffee, green, husk, roasted Shrmps, Prwn, lbster, crb, oth crustn, frsh, chld, frz Tobacco Crude Rubber Fertilizers, manufactured Insecticides, fungcd, herbicd, disinfectn & rodenticd Source: ASEAN Trade Statistic Database. Notes: Cambodia: data is available for 2000 and 2001 Myanmar: data is available for 1999, 2000 and 2001 Singapore: data are not available at details. *) Thailand figures include other fruit products. 242

265 Products and Inputs by Countries, 2001 Myanmar (7) The Philippines (8) Singapore (9) Thailand TOTAL ASEAN 6 (10) (11) (12) (US$ Million) ,166 1, Products and Inputs by Countries, 1996 (US$ Million) Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand TOTAL ASEAN 6 (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) ,522 1, ,374 1, ,410 1, ,487 1,

266 Table IX.9. ASEAN 6 Export of Selected Agricultural Products and Inputs No Description (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 01 Rice, incld husked and broken rice 1,377 2,027 1,462 1, Banana, fresh Pineaplle Prod excluding fresh *) Mangoes pineapple fresh, including guava, manggosteen, etc Oil of Plam 2,509 3,496 3,463 3, Coconut Oil Cake of Coconuts Soybeans Sugar and honey 829 1, Coffee, green, husk, roasted Shrmps, Prwn, lbster, crb, oth crustn, frsh, chld, frz 2,845 3,242 2,942 2, Tobacco 1,338 1, Crude Rubber 3,468 6,487 3,351 2, Fertilizers, manufactured Insecticides, fungcd, herbicd, disinfectn & rodenticd Source: ASEAN Trade Statistic Database. Note: *) Thailand figures include other fruit products. Table IX.10. ASEAN 6 Import of Selected Agricultural Products and Inputs (Million US$) Rate of Growth No Description (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 01 Rice, incld husked and broken rice 229 1, Banana, fresh Pineaplle Prod excluding fresh *) Mangoes pineapple fresh, including guava, manggosteen, etc Oil of Plam Coconut Oil Cake of Coconuts Soybeans Sugar and honey 419 1, Coffee, green, husk, roasted Shrmps, Prwn, lbster, crb, oth crustn, frsh, chld, frz Tobacco 1,246 1, Crude Rubber Fertilizers, manufactured 1,073 1,487 1,160 1, Insecticides, fungcd, herbicd, disinfectn & rodenticd Source: ASEAN Trade Statistic Database. Note: *) Thailand figures include other fruit products. (Million US$) Rate of Growth 244

267 Table IX.11. ASEAN 6 Major Markets of Agricultural Export Commodities, 1996 and 2001 Major Markets 1996 Value (Mn US$) Share (%) Major Markets (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) ASEAN 6, ASEAN 5, Japan 5, Japan 4, EU 4, USA 3, USA 3, EU 3, China 1, China 1, Hong Kong India India Australia Taiwan South Korea South Korea Hong Kong Australia Pakistan Top 10 23, Top 10 20, Others 6, Others 4, Total 30, Total 24, Source: GDP: ASEAN ASCU Database Value (Mn US$) Share (%) Table IX.12. ASEAN 6 Major Origin of Agricultural Import Commodities, 1996 and Major Origins Value (Mn US$) Share (%) Major Origins Value (Mn US$) Share (%) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) ASEAN 6, ASEAN 3, USA 3, USA 2, EU 3, EU 1, Australia 2, Australia 1, India 1, China 1, China New Zealand Argentina India New Zealand Japan Canada Canada Japan Argentina Top 10 20, Top 10 14, Others 3, Others 2, Total 23, Total 17, Source: GDP: ASEAN ASCU Database. 245

268 Graphic IX.1. Share of ASEAN 6 Major Markets of Agricultural Commodities, 1996 Graphic IX.2. Share of ASEAN 6 Major Markets of Agricultural Commodities,

269 Graphic IX.3. Share of ASEAN 6 Major Origins of Agricultural Commodities, 1996 Graphic IX.4. Share of ASEAN 6 Major Origins of Agricultural Commodities,

270 Table IX.13. ASEAN 6 Major Markets of Selected Agricultural Export Commodities Selected Products/ Top 3 Countries 1996 Value (Mn US$) 2000 Share (%) Value (Mn US$) 2001 Share (%) Value (Mn US$) Share (%) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Rice, husked and broken ASEAN China USA Top Banana, fresh Japan China Saudi Arabia Top Pineapple products *) EU 1, , , USA ASEAN Top 3 2, , , Palm Oil India , EU China Top 3 1, , , Coconut Oil EU USA ASEAN Top Shrimps, prawns, lobster, oth crust Japan 1, , USA EU Top 3 2, , , Tobacco ASEAN China South Korea Top 3 1, Crude Rubber USA 1, Japan EU Top 3 3, , , Source: ASEAN Trade Statistic Database. Note: *) Thailand figures include other fruit products. 248

271 Table IX.14. ASEAN 6 Major Origins of Selected Agricultural Import Commodities Selected Products/ Top 3 Countries 1996 Value (Mn US$) 2000 Share (%) Value (Mn US$) 2001 Share (%) Value (Mn US$) Share (%) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Rice, husked and broken ASEAN 1, India USA Top 3 1, Banana, fresh ASEAN Australia EU Top Pineapple products *) ASEAN USA Japan Top Palm Oil ASEAN Papua New Guinea EU Top Coconut Oil ASEAN India USA Top Shrimps, prawns, lobster, oth crust ASEAN India Canada Top Tobacco USA EU China Top 3 1, Crude Rubber ASEAN Liberia Papua New Guinea Top Source: ASEAN Trade Statistic Database. Note: *) Thailand figures include other fruit products. 249

272 Table IX.15. Major Markets of Export of Selected Agricultural Inputs Selected Products/ Top 5 Countries 1996 Value (Mn US$) 2000 Share (%) Value (Mn US$) 2001 Share (%) Value (Mn US$) Share (%) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Fertiliser ASEAN Australia Japan China New Zealand Top Agriculture Pesticides ASEAN Pakistan South Korea EU Australia Top Source: ASEAN Trade Statistic Database. Table IX.16. Major Origins of Import of Selected Agricultural Inputs Selected Products/ Top 5 Countries 1996 Value (Mn US$) 2000 Share (%) Value (Mn US$) 2001 Share (%) Value (Mn US$) Share (%) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Fertiliser EU ASEAN USA China Japan Top Agriculture Pesticides EU ASEAN USA Japan China Top Source: ASEAN Trade Statistic Database. 250

273 Chapter X Manufacturing 251

274 252

275 Table X.1. Number of Manucturing Establishments and Persons Engaged, by Establisment Size *) (in Thousand ) Number of Establishments Number of Persons Engaged Country Year 10 Persons and Over 20 Persons and Over 10 Persons and Over 20 Persons and Over (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Indonesia , ,385.9 Lao PDR Malaysia , , , ,498.2 Myanmar The Philippines **) , ,087.0 Singapore Thailand , ,318.8 Source: Indonesia - Statistical Yearbook 2001; Malaysia Industrial Census; country submission; The Philippines - NSO websites Table A, Summary table for manufacturing establishment with ATE of 20 and over; 2000 Census of Business and Industry Manufacturing; and Table 2 on Volume of Production Index (VoPI), January 2001-December Value added is from Industrial Statistics in The Philippines, Problems and Solutions, a paper presented at the Workshop on Development Indicators, Bangkok 6-10 August Singapore - Yearbook of Statistics Singapore 2002; Thailand - websites of Nso. Notes: *) In terms of Number of Persons Enganged. The Philippines; In terms of average total employment (ATE). **) 1999 figures are not official figures, and very preliminary estimates. Table X.2. GDP Share, Export and Import Share of Manufacturing Sector, 1996 and 2001 Country GDP Share *) Employment Share Export Share Import Share (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Brunei Darussalam ) Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam ) Total Source: ASEAN, ASCU statistics database; ASEAN Trade Statistics database. Notes: 1) ) *) Based on GDP at a constant price. 253

276 Table X.3. Number of Establishments by Division of Industry, 2001 *) Division of Industry (1) Indonesia Malaysia The Philippines (1999) Singapore (2) (3) (4) (5) Thailand (2000) 15 Manufacture of Food products & 4,681 1, ,102 beverages 16 Manufacture of Tobacco products Manufacture of Textiles 2, , Mf of Wearing apparel; dressing & 2, ,581 dyeing of fur 19 Tanning & dressing of leather; Manuf of luggage, handbas, saddlery, harness and footwear 20 Mf of Wood & prd of wood & cork 1, except furniture; manuf of articles of straw & plaiting materials 21 Paper & paper products Publishing, printing & paper products Mf of coke, refined petroleum prd & nuclear fuel 24 Manufacture of chemicals & chemical 1, products 25 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products 1, , Manufacture of other non metallic 1, ,802 mineral products 27 Manufacture of basic metals Mf of fabricated metal prd, except ,090 machinery & eqpm 29 Manufacture of machinery & eqpm n.e.c Mf of office, accounting & computing machinery 31 Mf of electrical machinery & apparaus n.e.c Mf of radio, television, commucication eqpm & apprtus 33 Mf of medicl, precision & optcl instrmn, watches & clocks 34 Mf of motor vehicles, trailers & semi trailers Manufacture of other transport equipment Manufacture of furniture; 2, ,671 manufacturing n.e.c. 37 Recycling (6) TOTAL 22,648 7,467 4,074 20,607 Source: Indonesia - Statistical Yearbook 2001; Malaysia Industrial Census; country submission; Philippines - NSO websites Table A, Summary table for manufacturing establishment with ATE of 20 and over; 2000 Census of Business and Industry Manufacturing; and Table 2 on Volume of Production Index (VoPI), January 2001-December Value added is from Industrial Statistics in the Philippines, Problems and Solutions, a paper presented at the Workshop on Development Indicators, Bangkok 6-10 August Singapore - Yearbook of Statistics Singapore 2002; Thailand - websites of Nso. Notes: *) In terms of Number of Persons Enganged. The Philippines; In terms of average total employment (ATE), 1999 figures are not official figures, and very preliminary estimates Coverage: Establishments with 10 or more persons engaged (The Philippines, Singapore and Thailand) Establishments with 20 or more persons engaged (Indonesia) and **) Classification of division of industry differs slightly across countries. 254

277 Table X.4. Number of Establishments by Division of Industry, 2000 *) Division of Industry (1) Indonesia Malaysia The Philippines (1998) Singapore (2) (3) (4) (5) Thailand 15 Manufacture of Food products & beverages 4,661 3,141 4, , Manufacture of Tobacco products Manufacture of Textiles 2, , Mf of Wearing apparel; dressing & 2,258 2,682 2, ,581 dyeing of fur 19 Tanning & dressing of leather; Manuf of luggage, handbas, saddlery, harness and footwear 20 Mf of Wood & prd of wood & cork 1,766 1, except furniture; manuf of articles of straw & plaiting materials 21 Paper & paper products Publishing, printing & paper products Mf of coke, refined petroleum prd & nuclear fuel 24 Manufacture of chemicals & chemical 1, products 25 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products 1,392 1, , Manufacture of other non-metallic 1, ,802 mineral products 27 Manufacture of basic metals Mf of fabricated metal prd, except 892 2, ,090 machinery & eqpm 29 Manufacture of machinery & eqpm n.e.c , Mf of office, accounting & computing machinery 31 Mf of electrical machinery & apparaus n.e.c Mf of radio, television, commucication eqpm & apprtus 33 Mf of medicl, precision & optcl instrmn, watches & clocks 34 Mf of motor vehicles, trailers & semi-trailers Manufacture of other transport equipment Manufacture of furniture; 1,989 2, ,671 manufacturing n.e.c. 37 Recycling (6) TOTAL 22,174 20,455 15,678 4,044 20,607 Source: Indonesia - Statistical Yearbook 2001; Malaysia Industrial Census; country submission; The Philippines - NSO websites Table A, Summary table for manufacturing establishment with ATE of 20 and over; 2000 Census of Business and Industry Manufacturing; and Table 2 on Volume of Production Index (VoPI), January 2001-December Value added is from Industrial Statistics in the Philippines, Problems and Solutions, a paper presented at the Workshop on Development Indicators, Bangkok 6-10 August Singapore - Yearbook of Statistics Singapore 2002; Thailand - websites of Nso. Notes: *) In terms of Number of Persons Enganged. The Philippines; In terms of average total employment (ATE); Coverage: Establishments with 10 or more persons engaged (The Philippines, Singapore and Thailand) Establishments with 20 or more persons engaged (Indonesia) and **) Classification of division of industry differs slightly across countries. 255

278 Table X.5. Percentage Distribution of Establishments by Division of Industry, 2001 *) Division of Industry (1) Indonesia Malaysia The Philippines (1999) Singapore (2) (3) (4) (5) Thailand 15 Manufacture of Food products & beverages Manufacture of Tobacco products Manufacture of Textiles Mf of Wearing apparel; dressing & dyeing of fur 19 Tanning & dressing of leather; Manuf of luggage, handbas, saddlery, harness and footwear 20 Mf of Wood & prd of wood & cork except furniture; manuf of articles of straw & plaiting materials 21 Paper & paper products Publishing, printing & paper products Mf of coke, refined petroleum prd & nuclear fuel 24 Manufacture of chemicals & chemical products 25 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products Manufacture of other non metallic mineral products 27 Manufacture of basic metals Mf of fabricated metal prd, except machinery & eqpm 29 Manufacture of machinery & eqpm n.e.c Mf of office, accounting & computing machinery 31 Mf of electrical machinery & apparaus n.e.c Mf of radio, television, commucication eqpm & apprtus 33 Mf of medicl, precision & optcl instrmn, watches & clocks 34 Mf of motor vehicles, trailers & semi trailers Manufacture of other transport equipment Manufacture of furniture; manufacturing n.e.c. 37 Recycling (6) TOTAL Source: Indonesia - Statistical Yearbook 2001; Malaysia Industrial Census; country submission; The Philippines - NSO websites Table A, Summary table for manufacturing establishment with ATE of 20 and over; 2000 Census of Business and Industry Manufacturing; and Table 2 on Volume of Production Index (VoPI), January 2001-December Value added is from Industrial Statistics in the Philippines, Problems and Solutions, a paper presented at the Workshop on Development Indicators, Bangkok 6-10 August Singapore - Yearbook of Statistics Singapore 2002; Thailand - websites of Nso. Notes: *) In terms of Number of Persons Enganged. The Philippines; In terms of average total employment (ATE), 1999 figures are not official figures, and very preliminary estimates Coverage: Establishments with 10 or more persons engaged (The Philippines, Singapore and Thailand) Establishments with 20 or more persons engaged (Indonesia) and **) Classification of division of industry differs slightly across countries. 256

279 Table X.6. Percentage Distribution of Establishments by Division of Industry, 2000 *) Division of Industry (1) Indonesia Malaysia The Philippines (1998) Singapore (2) (3) (4) (5) Thailand 15 Manufacture of Food products & beverages Manufacture of Tobacco products Manufacture of Textiles Mf of Wearing apparel; dressing & dyeing of fur 19 Tanning & dressing of leather; Manuf of luggage, handbas, saddlery, harness and footwear 20 Mf of Wood & prd of wood & cork except furniture; manuf of articles of straw & plaiting materials 21 Paper & paper products Publishing, printing & paper products Mf of coke, refined petroleum prd & nuclear fuel 24 Manufacture of chemicals & chemical products 25 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products Manufacture of basic metals Mf of fabricated metal prd, except machinery & eqpm Manufacture of machinery & eqpm n.e.c Mf of office, accounting & computing machinery Mf of electrical machinery & apparaus n.e.c Mf of radio, television, commucication eqpm & apprtus Mf of medicl, precision & optcl instrmn, watches & clocks Mf of motor vehicles, trailers & semi-trailers Manufacture of other transport equipment Manufacture of furniture; manufacturing n.e.c Recycling (6) TOTAL Source: Indonesia - Statistical Yearbook 2001; Malaysia Industrial Census; country submission; The Philippines - NSO websites Table A, Summary table for manufacturing establishment with ATE of 20 and over; 2000 Census of Business and Industry Manufacturing; and Table 2 on Volume of Production Index (VoPI), January 2001-December Value added is from Industrial Statistics in the Philippines, Problems and Solutions, a paper presented at the Workshop on Development Indicators, Bangkok 6-10 August Singapore - Yearbook of Statistics Singapore 2002; Thailand - websites of Nso. Notes: *) In terms of Number of Persons Enganged. The Philippines; In terms of average total employment (ATE); Coverage: Establishments with 10 or more persons engaged (The Philippines, Singapore and Thailand) Establishments with 20 or more persons engaged (Indonesia) and **) Classification of division of industry differs slightly across countries. 257

280 Table X.7. Number of Persons Engaged in Establishments by Division of Industry, 2001 *) Division of Industry (1) Indonesia Malaysia The Philippines (1999) Singapore (2) (3) (4) (5) (in Thousand) Thailand (2000) 15 Manufacture of Food products & beverages Manufacture of Tobacco products Manufacture of Textiles Mf of Wearing apparel; dressing & dyeing of fur 19 Tanning & dressing of leather; Manuf of luggage, handbas, saddlery, harness and footwear 20 Mf of Wood & prd of wood & cork except furniture; manuf of articles of straw & plaiting materials 21 Paper & paper products Publishing, printing & paper products Mf of coke, refined petroleum prd & nuclear fuel 24 Manufacture of chemicals & chemical products 25 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products Manufacture of other non metallic mineral products 27 Manufacture of basic metals Mf of fabricated metal prd, except machinery & eqpm 29 Manufacture of machinery & eqpm n.e.c Mf of office, accounting & computing machinery 31 Mf of electrical machinery & apparaus n.e.c Mf of radio, television, commucication eqpm & apprtus 33 Mf of medicl, precision & optcl instrmn, watches & clocks Mf of motor vehicles, trailers & semi trailers 35 Manufacture of other transport equipment Manufacture of furniture; manufacturing n.e.c. 37 Recycling (6) TOTAL 4, , ,318.8 Source: Indonesia - Statistical Yearbook 2001; Malaysia Industrial Census; country submission; The Philippines - NSO websites Table A, Summary table for manufacturing establishment with ATE of 20 and over; 2000 Census of Business and Industry Manufacturing; and Table 2 on Volume of Production Index (VoPI), January 2001-December Value added is from Industrial Statistics in the Philippines, Problems and Solutions, a paper presented at the Workshop on Development Indicators, Bangkok 6-10 August Singapore - Yearbook of Statistics Singapore 2002; Thailand - websites of Nso. Notes: *) In terms of Number of Persons Enganged. The Philippines; In terms of average total employment (ATE), 1999 figures are not official figures, and very preliminary estimates Coverage: Establishments with 10 or more persons engaged (The Philippines, Singapore and Thailand) Establishments with 20 or more persons engaged (Indonesia) and **) Classification of division of industry differs slightly across countries. 258

281 Table X.8. Number of Persons Engaged in Establishments by Division of Industry, 2000 *) Division of Industry (1) Indonesia Malaysia The Philippines (1998) Singapore (2) (3) (4) (5) (in Thousand) Thailand 15 Manufacture of Food products & beverages Manufacture of Tobacco products Manufacture of Textiles Mf of Wearing apparel; dressing & dyeing of fur 19 Tanning & dressing of leather; Manuf of luggage, handbas, saddlery, harness and footwear 20 Mf of Wood & prd of wood & cork except furniture; manuf of articles of straw & plaiting materials 21 Paper & paper products Publishing, printing & paper products Mf of coke, refined petroleum prd & nuclear fuel 24 Manufacture of chemicals & chemical products 25 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products 27 Manufacture of basic metals Mf of fabricated metal prd, except machinery & eqpm 29 Manufacture of machinery & eqpm n.e.c Mf of office, accounting & computing machinery 31 Mf of electrical machinery & apparaus n.e.c Mf of radio, television, commucication eqpm & apprtus 33 Mf of medicl, precision & optcl instrmn, watches & clocks 34 Mf of motor vehicles, trailers & semi-trailers Manufacture of other transport equipment Manufacture of furniture; manufacturing n.e.c. 37 Recycling (6) TOTAL 4, , , ,318.8 Source: Indonesia - Statistical Yearbook 2001; Malaysia Industrial Census; country submission; The Philippines - NSO websites Table A, Summary table for manufacturing establishment with ATE of 20 and over; 2000 Census of Business and Industry Manufacturing; and Table 2 on Volume of Production Index (VoPI), January 2001-December Value added is from Industrial Statistics in the Philippines, Problems and Solutions, a paper presented at the Workshop on Development Indicators, Bangkok 6-10 August Singapore - Yearbook of Statistics Singapore 2002; Thailand - websites of Nso. Notes: *) In terms of Number of Persons Enganged. The Philippines; In terms of average total employment (ATE); Coverage: Establishments with 10 or more persons engaged (The Philippines, Singapore and Thailand) Establishments with 20 or more persons engaged (Indonesia) and **) Classification of division of industry differs slightly across countries. 259

282 Table X.9. Number of Persons Engaged per Establishments by Division of Industry, 2001 *) Division of Industry (1) Indonesia Malaysia The Philippines (1999) Singapore (2) (3) (4) (5) Thailand (2000) 15 Manufacture of Food products & beverages Manufacture of Tobacco products Manufacture of Textiles Mf of Wearing apparel; dressing & dyeing of fur 19 Tanning & dressing of leather; Manuf of luggage, handbas, saddlery, harness and footwear 20 Mf of Wood & prd of wood & cork except furniture; manuf of articles of straw & plaiting materials 21 Paper & paper products Publishing, printing & paper products Mf of coke, refined petroleum prd & nuclear fuel 24 Manufacture of chemicals & chemical products 25 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products Manufacture of other non metallic mineral products 27 Manufacture of basic metals Mf of fabricated metal prd, except machinery & eqpm 29 Manufacture of machinery & eqpm n.e.c Mf of office, accounting & computing 70 1, ,734 machinery 31 Mf of electrical machinery & apparaus n.e.c Mf of radio, television, commucication eqpm & apprtus 33 Mf of medicl, precision & optcl instrmn, watches & clocks 34 Mf of motor vehicles, trailers & semi trailers Manufacture of other transport equipment Manufacture of furniture; manufacturing n.e.c. 37 Recycling (6) TOTAL Source: Indonesia - Statistical Yearbook 2001; Malaysia Industrial Census; country submission; The Philippines - NSO websites Table A, Summary table for manufacturing establishment with ATE of 20 and over; 2000 Census of Business and Industry Manufacturing; and Table 2 on Volume of Production Index (VoPI), January 2001-December Value added is from Industrial Statistics in the Philippines, Problems and Solutions, a paper presented at the Workshop on Development Indicators, Bangkok 6-10 August Singapore - Yearbook of Statistics Singapore 2002; Thailand - websites of Nso. Notes: *) In terms of Number of Persons Enganged. The Philippines; In terms of average total employment (ATE), 1999 figures are not official figures, and very preliminary estimates Coverage: Establishments with 10 or more persons engaged (The Philippines, Singapore and Thailand) Establishments with 20 or more persons engaged (Indonesia) and **) Classification of division of industry differs slightly across countries. 260

283 Table X.10. Number of Persons Engaged per Establishments by Division of Industry, 2000 *) Division of Industry (1) Indonesia Malaysia The Philippines (1998) Singapore (2) (3) (4) (5) Thailand 15 Manufacture of Food products & beverages Manufacture of Tobacco products Manufacture of Textiles Mf of Wearing apparel; dressing & dyeing of fur 19 Tanning & dressing of leather; Manuf of luggage, handbas, saddlery, harness and footwear 20 Mf of Wood & prd of wood & cork except furniture; manuf of articles of straw & plaiting materials 21 Paper & paper products Publishing, printing & paper products Mf of coke, refined petroleum prd & nuclear fuel 24 Manufacture of chemicals & chemical products 25 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products 27 Manufacture of basic metals Mf of fabricated metal prd, except machinery & eqpm 29 Manufacture of machinery & eqpm n.e.c Mf of office, accounting & computing 76 1, ,734 machinery 31 Mf of electrical machinery & apparaus n.e.c Mf of radio, television, commucication eqpm & apprtus 33 Mf of medicl, precision & optcl instrmn, watches & clocks 34 Mf of motor vehicles, trailers & semi-trailers Manufacture of other transport equipment Manufacture of furniture; manufacturing n.e.c. 37 Recycling (6) TOTAL Source: Indonesia - Statistical Yearbook 2001; Malaysia Industrial Census; country submission; The Philippines - NSO websites Table A, Summary table for manufacturing establishment with ATE of 20 and over; 2000 Census of Business and Industry Manufacturing; and Table 2 on Volume of Production Index (VoPI), January 2001-December Value added is from Industrial Statistics in the Philippines, Problems and Solutions, a paper presented at the Workshop on Development Indicators, Bangkok 6-10 August Singapore - Yearbook of Statistics Singapore 2002; Thailand - websites of Nso. Notes: *) In terms of Number of Persons Enganged. The Philippines; In terms of average total employment (ATE); Coverage: Establishments with 10 or more persons engaged (The Philippines, Singapore and Thailand) Establishments with 20 or more persons engaged (Indonesia) and **) Classification of division of industry differs slightly across countries. 261

284 Table X.11. Input-Output Ratio in Establishments by Division of Industry, 2000 *) Division of Industry (1) Indonesia (bn of IDR) Malaysia (RM 000) The Philippines Singapore (mn S$) (2) (3) (4) (5) Thailand (mn Bath) 15 Manufacture of Food products & beverages Manufacture of Tobacco products Manufacture of Textiles Mf of Wearing apparel; dressing & dyeing of fur 19 Tanning & dressing of leather; Manuf of luggage, handbas, saddlery, harness and footwear 20 Mf of Wood & prd of wood & cork except furniture; manuf of articles of straw & plaiting materials 21 Paper & paper products Publishing, printing & paper products Mf of coke, refined petroleum prd & nuclear fuel 24 Manufacture of chemicals & chemical products 25 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products Manufacture of other non metallic mineral products 27 Manufacture of basic metals Mf of fabricated metal prd, except machinery & eqpm 29 Manufacture of machinery & eqpm n.e.c Mf of office, accounting & computing machinery 31 Mf of electrical machinery & apparaus n.e.c Mf of radio, television, commucication eqpm & apprtus 33 Mf of medicl, precision & optcl instrmn, watches & clocks 34 Mf of motor vehicles, trailers & semi trailers Manufacture of other transport equipment Manufacture of furniture; manufacturing n.e.c. 37 Recycling (6) TOTAL Source: Indonesia - Statistical Yearbook 2001; Malaysia Industrial Census; country submission; The Philippines - NSO websites Table A, Summary table for manufacturing establishment with ATE of 20 and over; 2000 Census of Business and Industry Manufacturing; and Table 2 on Volume of Production Index (VoPI), January 2001-December Value added is from Industrial Statistics in the Philippines, Problems and Solutions, a paper presented at the Workshop on Development Indicators, Bangkok 6-10 August Singapore - Yearbook of Statistics Singapore 2002; Thailand - websites of Nso. Notes: *) In terms of Number of Persons Enganged. The Philippines; In terms of average total employment (ATE) Coverage: Establishments with 10 or more persons engaged (The Philippines, Singapore and Thailand) Establishments with 20 or more persons engaged (Indonesia) and **) Classification of division of industry differs slightly across countries. 262

285 Table X.12. Value Added per Person Engaged in Establishments by Division of Industry, 2000 *) Division of Industry (1) Indonesia Malaysia The Philippines (1998) Singapore (2) (3) (4) (5) Thailand (2000) 15 Manufacture of Food products & beverages 5,365 16,774 19,977 37,629 6, Manufacture of Tobacco products 11,205 8,596 66,738 65, Manufacture of Textiles 4,128 14,054 4,896 28,705 6, Mf of Wearing apparel; dressing & 2,194 5,704 4,070 16,818 3,696 dyeing of fur 19 Tanning & dressing of leather; 2,622 4,872 2,838 30,016 3,466 Manuf of luggage, handbas, saddlery, harness and footwear 20 Mf of Wood & prd of wood & cork 3,904 8,434 4,619 26,175 4,231 except furniture; manuf of articles of straw & plaiting materials 21 Paper & paper products 9,625 16,850 11,618 43,326 12, Publishing, printing & paper products 12,902 15,773 7,935 47,246 7, Mf of coke, refined petroleum prd & 12, , , ,069 90,750 nuclear fuel 24 Manufacture of chemicals & chemical 14,658 46,641 26, ,962 13,593 products 25 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products 4,128 11,694 7,442 29,766 6, Manufacture of other non-metallic 5,734 22,344 12,379 39,785 9,300 mineral products 27 Manufacture of basic metals 18,133 18,412 12,095 44,697 11, Mf of fabricated metal prd, except 7,848 13,072 5,457 30,841 7,631 machinery & eqpm 29 Manufacture of machinery & eqpm n.e.c. 6,041 17,926 5,821 8, Mf of office, accounting & computing 3,120 20,614 17,127 40,448 17,224 machinery 31 Mf of electrical machinery & apparaus n.e.c 14,159 12,955 8,928 44,368 8, Mf of radio, television, commucication 11,498 21,254 16,324 97,669 11,843 eqpm & apprtus 33 Mf of medicl, precision & optcl instrmn, 6,515 11,526 4,207 76,054 5,049 watches & clocks 34 Mf of motor vehicles, trailers & semi-trailers 31,911 21,369 12,454 37,855 12, Manufacture of other transport equipment 26,507 15,883 19,818 4, Manufacture of furniture; 2,031 8,372 4,274 22,971 4,297 manufacturing n.e.c. 37 Recycling 1,042 14,619 6,665 35,321 2,950 (6) (USD) TOTAL 6,440 17,726 13,030 65,564 8,245 Source: Indonesia - Statistical Yearbook 2001; Malaysia Industrial Census; country submission; The Philippines - NSO websites Table A, Summary table for manufacturing establishment with ATE of 20 and over; 2000 Census of Business and Industry Manufacturing; and Table 2 on Volume of Production Index (VoPI), January 2001-December Value added is from Industrial Statistics in the Philippines, Problems and Solutions, a paper presented at the Workshop on Development Indicators, Bangkok 6-10 August Singapore - Yearbook os Statistics Singapore 2002; Thailand - websites of Nso. Notes: *) In terms of Number of Persons Enganged. The Philippines; In terms of average total employment (ATE); Coverage: Establishments with 10 or more persons engaged (The Philippines, Singapore and Thailand) Establishments with 20 or more persons engaged (Indonesia) and **) Classification of division of industry differs slightly across countries. 263

286 Table X.13. Index of Industrial Production, 2002 Division of Industry (1) Indonesia (1993=100) Malaysia (1993=100) The Philippines (1994=100) Singapore (1999=100) (2) (3) (4) (5) Thailand (1995=100) 15 Manufacture of Food products & beverages Manufacture of Tobacco products Manufacture of Textiles Mf of Wearing apparel; dressing & dyeing of fur 19 Tanning & dressing of leather; Manuf of luggage, handbas, saddlery, harness and footwear 20 Mf of Wood & prd of wood & cork except furniture; manuf of articles of straw & plaiting materials 21 Paper & paper products Publishing, printing & paper products Mf of coke, refined petroleum prd & nuclear fuel 24 Manufacture of chemicals & chemical products 25 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products Manufacture of other non metallic mineral products 27 Manufacture of basic metals Mf of fabricated metal prd, except machinery & eqpm 29 Manufacture of machinery & eqpm n.e.c Mf of office, accounting & computing machinery 31 Mf of electrical machinery & apparaus n.e.c Mf of radio, television, commucication eqpm & apprtus 33 Mf of medicl, precision & optcl instrmn, watches & clocks 34 Mf of motor vehicles, trailers & semi trailers Manufacture of other transport equipment 36 Manufacture of furniture; 87.2 manufacturing n.e.c. 37 Recycling (6) TOTAL Source: Indonesia - Statistical Yearbook 2001; Malaysia Industrial Census; country submission; The Philippines - NSO websites Table A, Summary table for manufacturing establishment with ATE of 20 and over; 2000 Census of Business and Industry Manufacturing; and Table 2 on Volume of Production Index (VoPI), January 2001-December Value added is from Industrial Statistics in the Philippines, Problems and Solutions, a paper presented at the Workshop on Development Indicators, Bangkok 6-10 August Singapore - Yearbook of Statistics Singapore 2002; Thailand - websites of Nso. Notes: *) In terms of Number of Persons Enganged. The Philippines; In terms of average total employment (ATE) Coverage: Establishments with 10 or more persons engaged (The Philippines, Singapore and Thailand) Establishments with 20 or more persons engaged (Indonesia) and **) Classification of division of industry differs slightly across countries. 264

287 Table X.14. Index of Industrial Production, 2001 Division of Industry (1) Indonesia (1993=100) Malaysia (1993=100) The Philippines (1994=100) Singapore (1999=100) (2) (3) (4) (5) Thailand (1995=100) 15 Manufacture of Food products & beverages Manufacture of Tobacco products Manufacture of Textiles Mf of Wearing apparel; dressing & dyeing of fur 19 Tanning & dressing of leather; Manuf of luggage, handbas, saddlery, harness and footwear 20 Mf of Wood & prd of wood & cork except furniture; manuf of articles of straw & plaiting materials 21 Paper & paper products Publishing, printing & paper products Mf of coke, refined petroleum prd & nuclear fuel 24 Manufacture of chemicals & chemical products 25 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products Manufacture of other non metallic mineral products 27 Manufacture of basic metals Mf of fabricated metal prd, except machinery & eqpm 29 Manufacture of machinery & eqpm n.e.c Mf of office, accounting & computing machinery 31 Mf of electrical machinery & apparaus n.e.c Mf of radio, television, commucication eqpm & apprtus 33 Mf of medicl, precision & optcl instrmn, watches & clocks 34 Mf of motor vehicles, trailers & semi trailers Manufacture of other transport equipment 36 Manufacture of furniture; 97.4 manufacturing n.e.c. 37 Recycling (6) TOTAL Source: Indonesia - Statistical Yearbook 2001; Malaysia Industrial Census; country submission; The Philippines - NSO websites Table A, Summary table for manufacturing establishment with ATE of 20 and over; 2000 Census of Business and Industry Manufacturing; and Table 2 on Volume of Production Index (VoPI), January 2001-December Value added is from Industrial Statistics in the Philippines, Problems and Solutions, a paper presented at the Workshop on Development Indicators, Bangkok 6-10 August Singapore - Yearbook of Statistics Singapore 2002; Thailand - websites of Nso. Notes: *) In terms of Number of Persons Enganged. The Philippines; In terms of average total employment (ATE); Coverage: Establishments with 10 or more persons engaged (The Philippines, Singapore and Thailand) Establishments with 20 or more persons engaged (Indonesia) and **) Classification of division of industry differs slightly across countries. 265

288 Table X.15. Index of Industrial Production, 2000 Division of Industry (1) Indonesia (1993=100) Malaysia (1993=100) The Philippines (1994=100) Singapore (1999=100) (2) (3) (4) (5) Thailand (1995=100) 15 Manufacture of Food products & beverages Manufacture of Tobacco products Manufacture of Textiles Mf of Wearing apparel; dressing & dyeing of fur 19 Tanning & dressing of leather; Manuf of luggage, handbas, saddlery, harness and footwear 20 Mf of Wood & prd of wood & cork except furniture; manuf of articles of straw & plaiting materials 21 Paper & paper products Publishing, printing & paper products Mf of coke, refined petroleum prd & nuclear fuel 24 Manufacture of chemicals & chemical products 25 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products Manufacture of other non metallic mineral products 27 Manufacture of basic metals Mf of fabricated metal prd, except machinery & eqpm 29 Manufacture of machinery & eqpm n.e.c Mf of office, accounting & computing machinery 31 Mf of electrical machinery & apparaus n.e.c Mf of radio, television, commucication eqpm & apprtus 33 Mf of medicl, precision & optcl instrmn, watches & clocks 34 Mf of motor vehicles, trailers & semi trailers Manufacture of other transport equipment 36 Manufacture of furniture; 97.8 manufacturing n.e.c. 37 Recycling (6) TOTAL Source: Indonesia - Statistical Yearbook 2001; Malaysia Industrial Census; country submission; The Philippines - NSO websites Table A, Summary table for manufacturing establishment with ATE of 20 and over; 2000 Census of Business and Industry Manufacturing; and Table 2 on Volume of Production Index (VoPI), January 2001-December Value added is from Industrial Statistics in the Philippines, Problems and Solutions, a paper presented at the Workshop on Development Indicators, Bangkok 6-10 August Singapore - Yearbook of Statistics Singapore 2002; Thailand - websites of Nso. Notes: *) In terms of Number of Persons Enganged. The Philippines; In terms of average total employment (ATE) Coverage: Establishments with 10 or more persons engaged (The Philippines, Singapore and Thailand) Establishments with 20 or more persons engaged (Indonesia) and **) Classification of division of industry differs slightly across countries. 266

289 Table X.16. Change in Index of Industrial Production Division of Industry Indonesia (93=100) Malaysia (93=100) The Philippines (94=100) Singapore (99=100) Thailand (95=100) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Changes during Manufacture of Food products & beverages Manufacture of Tobacco products Manufacture of Textiles Mf of Wearing apparel; dressing & dyeing of fur Tanning & dressing of leather; Manuf of luggage, handbas, saddlery, harness and footwear 20 Mf of Wood & prd of wood & cork except furniture; manuf of articles of straw & plaiting materials 21 Paper & paper products Publishing, printing & paper products Mf of coke, refined petroleum prd & nuclear fuel Manufacture of chemicals & chemical products Manufacture of rubber and plastic products Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products Manufacture of basic metals Mf of fabricated metal prd, except machinery & eqpm Manufacture of machinery & eqpm n.e.c Mf of office, accounting & computing machinery Mf of electrical machinery & apparaus n.e.c Mf of radio, television, commucication eqpm & apprtus Mf of medicl, precision & optcl instrmn, watches & clcks Mf of motor vehicles, trailers & semi-trailers Manufacture of other transport equipment - 36 Manufacture of furniture; manufacturing n.e.c Recycling - ALL Divisions Changes during Manufacture of Food products & beverages Manufacture of Tobacco products Manufacture of Textiles Mf of Wearing apparel; dressing & dyeing of fur Tanning & dressing of leather; Manuf of luggage, handbas, saddlery, harness and footwear Mf of Wood & prd of wood & cork except furniture; manuf of articles of straw & plaiting materials Paper & paper products Publishing, printing & paper products Mf of coke, refined petroleum prd & nuclear fuel Manufacture of chemicals & chemical products Manufacture of rubber and plastic products Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products Manufacture of basic metals Mf of fabricated metal prd, except machinery & eqpm Manufacture of machinery & eqpm n.e.c Mf of office, accounting & computing machinery Mf of electrical machinery & apparaus n.e.c Mf of radio, television, commucication eqpm & apprtus Mf of medicl, precision & optcl instrmn, watches & clcks Mf of motor vehicles, trailers & semi-trailers Manufacture of other transport equipment 36 Manufacture of furniture; manufacturing n.e.c Recycling ALL Divisions Note: Computed from Table X.13 to Table X

290 268

291 Chapter XI Other Social 269

292 270

293 Table XI.1. Human Development Index (HDI), Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Source: Country yearbook; websites, ASEAN in Figures 2003; and UNDP Human Development Report Websites. Graphic XI.1. Trend of HDI,

294 Table XI.2. Percent of Population below the National Poverty Line (Urban + Rural) Country 1993 (1994) 1997 (1996) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia ) Lao PDR ) 38.6 Malaysia 8.7 1) Myanmar 22.9 The Philippines *) Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Source: Country yearbook and websites; and ASEAN in Figures Notes: 1) 1994 figure. 2) 1996 figure *) New series, based on the newly approved poverty methodology gives 33.0% and 34.0% for 1997 and 2000 respectively (for proportion to the population) and 28.1% and 28.4% for proportion of families; NSCB websites, August Table XI.3. Percent of Population below the National Poverty Line in Urban and Rural Areas Country 1993 (1994) 1997 (1996) Latest Figure Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia ) ) Indonesia ) 9.8 4) ) Lao PDR ) Malaysia ) ) Myanmar The Philippines *) ) ) Singapore Thailand ) ) Viet Nam ) ) Source: Country yearbook and websites; and ASEAN in Figures Notes: 1) 1994 figure 2) 1996 figure 3) 1999 figure 4) 2001 figure 5) 2000 figure 6) 1998 figure *) New series, based on the newly approved poverty methodology gives the proportion of families under poverty line: 15.0% both for 1997 and 2000 for urban areas and 39.9% (1999) and 41.4% (2000) for rural areas. NSCB websites, August

295 Table XI.4. Percentage of Population below the $1 and $2 PPP Poverty Line, Country Below $1 PPP Below $2 PPP Latest National Poverty Incidence (1) (2) (3) (4) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia 35.9 Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar 22.9 The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Notes: 1. Latest Poverty Incidence: Cambodia-1999; Indonesia-2001; Lao PDR-1997; Malaysia-1999;. Myanmar-1997; The Philippines- 2000; Thailand-1999; and Viet Nam Graphic XI.2. Percentage of Population below the $1 PPP and $2 PPP Poverty Line 273

296 Table XI.5. Gini Coefficient, Country (1) (2) (3) (4) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia ) ) ) Indonesia ) Lao PDR Malaysia ) ) Myanmar The Philippines ) ) Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Source: Country yearbook and websites; and ASEAN in Figures Notes: 1) 1994 figure 2) 1997 figure 3) 1991 figure 4) 1999 figure *) Indonesia and Cambodia based on household expenditure data. Table XI.6. Income Share of the Poorest 20%, Country (1) (2) (3) (4) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia ) Indonesia Lao PDR 8.1 Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines 6.2 1) ) Singapore Thailand Viet Nam 8.8 2) 8.0 Source: Country yearbook and websites; and ASEAN in Figures Notes: 1) 1991 figure 2) 1992 figure 3) 1998 figure 4) 1997 figure 274

297 Table XI.7. Proportion of Seats in National Legislature Held by Women, Country (1) (2) (3) (4) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia 6.0 1) 9.8 3) Indonesia ) ) Lao PDR 9.4 5) ) 21.2 Malaysia 14.5 Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Source: Country submission for ASEAN in Figures Notes: 1) 1993 figure 2) 1996 figure 3) 1998 figure 4) 1999 figure 5) 1992 figure 6) 1997 figure Table XI.8. Female Share of Paid Employment in Non-Agricultural Activities, Country (1) (2) (3) (4) Brunei Darussalam ) 40.5 Cambodia ) Indonesia ) 30.8 Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar 58.0 The Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Source: Country submission for ASEAN in Figures Notes: 1) 1991 figure 2) 1994 figure 3) 2000 figure 275

298 Table XI.9. Proportion of Children under 15 Who are Working, Country (1) (2) (3) (4) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia 6.9 1) Indonesia ) Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines ) Singapore Thailand ) Viet Nam Source: Country submission for ASEAN in Figures Notes: 1) 1996 figure 2) 2000 figure Graphic XI.3. Proportion of Children under 15 Who are Working 276

299 Table XI.10. Daily per Capita Protein Supply of ASEAN (grams) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philipines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Source: ADB Growth and Change in Asia and Pacific, Key INDICATORS, Table XI.11. Daily per Capita Calorie Supply of ASEAN (Calories) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia 1,702 1,830 2,000 Indonesia 2,198 2,624 2,931 Lao PDR 2,084 2,159 2,152 Malaysia 2,743 2,758 2,947 Myanmar 2,326 2,620 2,803 The Philipines 2,280 2,364 2,357 Singapore 2,650 3,114 Thailand 2,277 2,142 2,411 Vie Nam 2,142 2,219 2,564 Source: ADB Growth and Change in Asia and Pacific, Key INDICATORS,

300 278

301 Chapter XII Other Sectors 279

302 280

303 Table XII.1. ASEAN Energy Resources and Reserves Country Oil Reserve (billion barrels) Coal Reserve (MT) (1) (2) (3) (4) Wood Fuels (KT) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia ,000 81,565 Indonesia ,000 75, ,049 Lao PDR ,500 46,006 Malaysia ,025 25, ,301 Myanmar , ,935 The Philippines ) ,150 89,267 Singapore Thailand ,240 na 67,130 Viet Nam 2) ,520 17,566 17,000 ASEAN (rounded off) , ,000 3) 1,007,000 Source: Natural Gas Reserve (TCF) Hydro Power Resource (MW) Asean Secretariat, Second ASEAN State of the Environment Report, 2000 (Tab.4.11). As quoted from: ASEAN Centre for Energy website (ACE; data updated January 2001) except as noted below. Notes: 1) The Philippines based on midpoint of the ACE data; 2) Data from Viet Nam, updated January 2001; 3) Excludes Thailand which has a significant hydropower resources. TCF= trillion cubic feet; MT= million tons; MW= megawatts; KT= kilotons (thousand tons) (5) (6) 281

304 Table XII.2. ASEAN Crude Oil Production (in KTOE) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) Brunei Darussalam 8, , ,597.7 Cambodia Indonesia 76, , ,777.0 *) Lao PDR Malaysia 35, , ,260.0 *) Myanmar The Philippines Singapore Thailand 2, , ,891.0 Viet Nam 7,880.0 ASEAN 131, , ,078.8 Source: ASEAN Centre of Energy Notes: *) First Semester. Table XII.3. Petroleum Product Consumption of ASEAN (in KTOE) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia 37, , ,624.0 *) Lao PDR Malaysia 18, , ,279.0 *) Myanmar 1, The Philippines 12, , ,145.0 Singapore 4,726.0 Thailand 32, , ,048.4 Viet Nam 5, ,806.0 ASEAN 113, , ,706.2 Source: ASEAN Centre of Energy Notes: *) First Semester. 282

305 Table XII.4. Petroleum Product Exports and Imports Country 1990 (in KTOE) Imports Exports (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia 3, , , , , ,573.0 Lao PDR Malaysia 6, , , , , ,378.0 Myanmar The Philippines 1, , , , , ,731.0 Singapore 18, , , ,667.0 Thailand 7, , , ,859.0 Viet Nam 5, ASEAN 37, , , , , ,543.0 Source: ASEAN Centre of Energy Table XII.5. Crude Oil Exports and Imports (in KTOE) Country 1990 Imports Exports (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Brunei Darussalam , , ,415.0 Cambodia Indonesia 6, , , , , ,357.0 Lao PDR Malaysia 1, , , , , ,503 *) Myanmar The Philippines 10, , , Singapore 45, , Thailand 10, , , Viet Nam 7, ASEAN 74, , , , , ,772.0 Source: ASEAN Centre of Energy Notes: *) First Semester. 283

306 Table XII.6. Trend of Crude Oil Export by Country (US$ Million) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Brunei Darussalam , , , , ,561.6 Indonesia 4, , , , , , , , ,714.7 Malaysia 3, , , , , , , , ,999.0 The Philippines Singapore Thailand ASEAN 6 8, , , , , , , , ,638.8 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Notes: Excluding Singapore as Singapore data for these periods are not available at details by 6 digits HS Crude Oil: SITC 333 Table XII.7. Trend of Crude Oil Import by Country (US$ Million) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Brunei Darussalam Indonesia 9,17.2 1, , , , , , , ,887.5 Malaysia ,564.0 The Philippines 1, , , , , , , , ,695.1 Singapore 6, , , , , Thailand 1, , , , , , , , ,770.2 ASEAN 6 10, , , , , , , , ,916.8 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Notes: Excluding Singapore as Singapore data for these periods are not available at details by 6 digits HS Crude Oil: SITC

307 Table XII.8. Trend of Petroleum Product Export by Country (US$ Million) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Brunei Darussalam Indonesia , , , , ,161.5 Malaysia , , , ,001.1 The Philippines Singapore 7, , , , , Thailand , ,093.6 ASEAN 6 9, , , , , , , , ,537.3 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Notes: Excluding Singapore as Singapore data for these periods are not available at details by 6 digits HS Crude Oil: SITC 334 Table XII.9. Trend of Petroleum Product Import by Country (US$ Million) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Brunei Darussalam Indonesia 1, , , , , , , , ,531.9 Malaysia 1, , , , , , , , ,834.1 The Philippines Singapore 2, , , , , Thailand 1, , , , , ASEAN 6 7, , , , , , , , ,513.1 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Notes: Excluding Singapore as Singapore data for these periods are not available at details by 6 digits HS Crude Oil: SITC

308 Table XII.10. Trend of Net Export of Crude Oil and Petroleum Products, (US$ Million) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Crude Oil Exports 8, , , , , , , , ,638.8 Imports 10, , , , , , , , ,916.8 Net Exports -2, , , , , , ,278.0 Export/Imports Petroleum Products Exports 9, , , , , , , , ,537.3 Imports 7, , , , , , , , ,513.1 Net Exports 1, , , , , , , , Export/Imports Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Notes: Excluding Singapore as Singapore data for these periods are not available at details by 6 digits HS Crude Oil: SITC 333; and Petroleum Products: SITC

309 Table XII.11. ASEAN 6 Major Market of Crude Oil, 1993, 1996, 2000 and 2001 (US$ Million) No Country 1993 No Country 1996 No Country 2000 No Country 2001 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 1 Japan 3, Japan 2, ASEAN 2, Japan 2, ASEAN 2, ASEAN 2, Japan 2, ASEAN 2, South Korea 1, USA 1, South Korea 1, South Korea 1, China South Korea 1, China 1, Australia 1, USA China Australia 1, USA Australia Australia USA China Taiwan Taiwan India India Others not specified India Taiwan Taiwan India New Zealand New Zealand New Zealand New Zealand Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Sri Lanka 77.2 Top 10 8,413.3 Top 10 10,213.8 Top 10 11,308.3 Top 10 10,542.5 Others 18.9 Others 35.1 Others 46.3 Others 96.3 Total 8,432.1 Total 10,248.9 Total 11,354.6 Total 10,638.8 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Notes: Excluding Singapore as Singapore data for these periods are not available at details by 6 digits HS Crude Oil: SITC 333 (9) (10) (11) (12) Table XII.12. ASEAN 6 Major Supplier (Origin) of Crude Oil, 1993, 1996, 2000 and 2001 (US$ Million) No Country 1993 No Country 1996 No Country 2000 No Country 2001 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 1 Others not specified 7, Others not specified 5, Oman 3, Others not specified 4, ASEAN 2, Saudi Arabia 2, Saudi Arabia 2, Saudi Arabia 2, Australia ASEAN 2, ASEAN 1, ASEAN 1, China South Korea 1, Others not specified 1, Iran Japan 5 UAE *) 1, Kuwait 1, Oman USA 6 Australia Iran UAE *) EU 7 Iran UAE *) Nigeria Saudi Arabia 8 Kuwait Nigeria Algeria South Korea 9 Qatar Qatar Yemen UAE *) 10 China China China Top 10 10,716.6 Top 10 14,887.4 Top 10 12,660.5 Top 10 12,435.7 Others 0.0 Others Others Others Total 10,716.6 Total 15,262.9 Total 12,923.9 Total 12,916.8 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Notes: Excluding Singapore as Singapore data for these periods are not available at details by 6 digits HS Crude Oil: SITC 333 *) United Arab Emirates (9) (10) (11) (12) 287

310 Table XII.13. ASEAN 6 Major Market of Petroleum Products, 1993, 1996, 2000 and 2001 (US$ Million) No Country 1993 No Country 1996 No Country 2000 No Country 2001 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 1 ASEAN 3, ASEAN 3, ASEAN 2, ASEAN 2, Others not specified 2, Japan 1, Japan Japan Japan 1, Others not specified 1, South Korea South Korea China Hong Kong 1, USA USA South Korea South Korea EU China USA China India Others not specified India EU China Taiwan Australia Taiwan Taiwan Australia Taiwan Australia Australia Hong Kong EU India Others not specified India 94.6 Top 10 9,045.0 Top 10 11,878.0 Top 10 5,215.4 Top 10 4,389.6 Others 6.0 Others Others Others Total 9,051.0 Total 12,432.8 Total 5,322.4 Total 4,537.3 Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Notes: Excluding Singapore as Singapore data for these periods are not available at details by 6 digits HS Crude Oil: SITC 334 (9) (10) (11) (12) Table XII.14. ASEAN 6 Major Supplier (Origin) of Petroleum Products, 1993, 1996, 2000 and 2001 (US$ Million) No Country 1993 No Country 1996 No Country 2000 No Country 2001 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 1 ASEAN 3, ASEAN 4, ASEAN 4, ASEAN 2, Others not specified 1, Others not specified 1, Kuwait Kuwait EU Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia South Korea USA EU South Korea Others not specified South Korea Kuwait China Japan Japan USA EU EU Australia South Korea Taiwan USA China Australia Japan China India Iran Others not specified UAE *) Taiwan UAE *) UAE *) Saudi Arabia Top 10 7,132.9 Top 10 8,777.1 Top 10 6,848.2 Top 10 5,344.5 Other 55.0 Other Other Other Total 7,188.0 Total 9,457.1 Total 7,217.6 Total 5,513.1 (9) (10) (11) Source: ASEAN Trade Statistics Database. Notes: Excluding Singapore as Singapore data for these periods are not available at details by 6 digits HS Crude Oil: SITC 334 *) United Arab Emirates (12) 288

311 Table XII.15. Forest Areas as a Percentage of Total Areas Total Forest Area ( 000 Ha) Forest Area as a Percentage of Land Areas (%) Country Annual Change (%) Annual Change (% points) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Brunei Darussalam ) ) -0.4 Cambodia 9,896 9, ) ) -0.6 Indonesia 118, , Lao PDR 13,088 12, ) 4.3 Malaysia 21,661 19, Myanmar 39,588 34, The Philippines 6,676 5, Singapore ) 0.0 Thailand 15,886 14, ) Viet Nam 9,303 9, ) 0.7 ASEAN 234, , Source: ASEAN in Figures 2003; ASEAN in Figures 2003 Notes: 1) 1991 figure 2) 1993 figure 3) 1997 figure 4) 2000 figure Table XII.16. National Protected Areas and CO 2 Emission, in ASEAN Country Protected Area as % of Land Area CO 2 Emission (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines ) Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Sources: ASEAN Secretariat, Second ASEAN State of the New Environment Report, 2000 (Tab.7.10). As quoted from: World Resources (WRI, 1999). Global Protected Areas Summary Statistics (WCMC, 1996). Positive figures indicate deforestation rates while negative figures indicate reforestation rates in percent (%). Refers to Carbon Dioxide emissions from fossil fuel burning and cement manufacturing (per capita metric ton). CO2 emission figures for Cambodia, Indpnesia, Malaysia, and Viet Nam were figures, from ADB, Key Indicators, ) 1994 figure 289

312 Table XII.17. Proportion of Household with Electricity, (%) Country (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Brunei Darussalam ) Cambodia ) Indonesia Lao PDR ) 38.2 Malaysia Myanmar The Philippines ) Singapore Thailand ) Viet Nam Sources: ASEAN in Figures Taken from various sources: Brunei Darussalam - Census of Population and Housing. Cambodia - Socio-economic survey of Cambodia, 1993/94, 1996, 1997 and 1999; 1998 Census of Population of Cambodia; and Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey Indonesia - National Socio-economic survey. Lao PDR - Census 1995 and Lao. Expenditure Survey 1997/98. Malaysia - Malaysian Economy in Figures. Myanmar - Household Income and Expenditure Survey 1997 and 20001, Central Statistical Organization. The Philippines Census of Population and Housing and National Demographic and Health Survey Singapore - Compiled from the billing system and updated as account holders open/close their accounts. Thailand Population and Housing Census; Socio-Economic Survey 1992, 1994, ; and Housing Survey Viet Nam - Multi Purpose Survey 1994 and 1995; Demographic and Health Survey 1997 and Census of Population and Housing Notes: 1) 1991 figure 2) 1996 figure 3) 1998 figure 290

313

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