Banton, M. (2005). The police as peace officers. In Policing: key readings (pp ). Cullompton: Willan.

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1 SG3036: Policing View Online Banton, M. (2005). The police as peace officers. In Policing: key readings (pp ). Bayley, D. (2005). What do the police do? In Policing: key readings (pp ). Beetham, David. (1991). The legitimation of power (Vol. Issues in political theory). Basingstoke: Macmillan. Bernard E. Harcourt. (n.d.). Reflecting on the Subject: A Critique of the Social Influence Conception of Deterrence, the Broken Windows Theory, and Order-Maintenance Policing New York Style. Michigan Law Review, 97(2), Bernard E. Harcourt and Jens Ludwig. (n.d.). Broken Windows: New Evidence from New York City and a Five-City Social Experiment. The University of Chicago Law Review, 73(1), Betsy Stanko. (2012). A golden thread, a presence amongst uniforms, and a good deal of data: studying public confidence in the London Metropolitan Police. Policing & Society, 22 (3). Bittner, E. (2005). Florence Nightingale in pursuit of Willie Sutton: a theory of the police. In Policing: key readings (pp ). Bland, N., Mundy, G., Russell, J., & Tuffin, R. (1999). Career Progression of Ethnic Minority Police Officers. Bowling, B. (1999). The rise and fall of New York murder: zero tolerance or crack s decline? British Journal of Criminology, 39(4), Bowling, B., Parmar, A., & Phillips, C. (2008). Policing ethnic minority communities. In Handbook of policing (2nd ed, pp ). Bowling, B., & Phillips, C. (2007). Disproportionate and Discriminatory: Reviewing the Evidence on Police Stop and Search. Modern Law Review, 70(6), Bradford, B., & Jackson, J. (2010). Trust and Confidence in the Police: A Conceptual Review. SSRN Electronic Journal. Bradford, B., Jackson, J., & Stanko, E. A. (2009). Contact and confidence: revisiting the 1/9

2 impact of public encounters with the police. Policing and Society, 19(1), Bradley, R. (1998). Public Expectations and Perceptions of Policing. Bratton, W. (1997). Crime is down in New York City: Blame the police. In Policing: key readings (pp ). Brodeur, J.-P. (2010). Policing and security as club goods : the new enclosures? In Democracy, society and the governance of security. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Brodeur, Jean-Paul, & Oxford Scholarship Online Law. (2010a). The policing web (Vol. Studies in crime and public policy). New York: Oxford University Press. Brodeur, Jean-Paul, & Oxford Scholarship Online Law. (2010b). The policing web (Vol. Studies in crime and public policy). New York: Oxford University Press. Brogden, M. (1999a). Community policing as cherry pie. In Policing across the world: issues for the twenty-first century (pp ). London: Routldge. Brogden, M. (1999b). Community policing as cherry pie. In Policing across the world: issues for the twenty-first century (pp ). London: Distributed in North America by Garland Pub. Brunson, R. K. (2007). Police Don t Like Black People : African-American Young Men s Accumulated Police Experiences. Criminology & Public Policy, 6(1), Carr, P. J., Napolitano, L., & Keating, J. (2007). We never call the cops and here is why: A qualitative examination of legal cynicism in three Philadelphia neighbourhoods. Criminology, 45(2), Clifford D. Shearing and Philip C. Stenning. (n.d.). Private Security: Implications for Social Control. Social Problems, 30(5), Crawford, A. (2008). Plural policing in the UK: policing beyond the police. In Handbook of policing (2nd ed, pp ). Dalgleish, D., & Myhill, A. (2004). Reassuring the Public: A Review of International Policing Interventions, Home Office Research Study 284. David H. Bayley and Clifford D. Shearing. (n.d.). The Future of Policing. Law & Society Review, 30(3), Delsol, R., & Shiner, M. (2006). Regulating stop and search: a challenge for police and community relations in England and Wales. Critical Criminology, 14(3), Dixon, D. (1999). Beyond zero-tolerance. In Policing: key readings (pp ). 2/9

3 Dixon, D. (2005). Beyond zero-tolerance. In Policing: key readings (pp ). Emsley, C. (2008). The birth and development of the police. In Handbook of policing (2nd ed, pp ). Emsley, Clive. (2010). The great British bobby: a history of British policing from the 18th century to the present (Updated ed). London: Quercus. Foster, J., Newburn, T., & Souhami, A. (2005). Assessing the Impact of the Stephen lawrence Inquiry. Goldstein, H. (1979). Improving policing: a problem-oriented approach. In Policing: key readings (pp ). Goldstein, H. (1987). Toward Community-Oriented Policing: Potential, Basic Requirements, and Threshold Questions. Crime & Delinquency, 33(1), Greene, J. A. (1999). Zero Tolerance: A Case Study of Police Policies and Practices in New York City. Crime & Delinquency, 45(2), Harcourt, Bernard E. (2004). Illusion of order: the false promise of broken windows policing. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. Hough, M. (2007a). Policing London, 20 years on. In Transformations of policing (Vol. Edinburgh Centre of Law and Society, pp ). Aldershot: Ashgate. Hough, M. (2007b). Policing London, 20 years on. In Transformations of policing (Vol. Edinburgh Centre of Law and Society, pp ). Aldershot: Ashgate. Innes, M. (1999). An Iron Fist in an Iron Glove The Zero Tolerance Policing Debate. The Howard Journal of Criminal Justice, 38(4), Innes, M. (2004). Reinventing Tradition?: Reassurance, Neighbourhood Security and Policing. Criminology and Criminal Justice, 4(2), Innes, M. (2005). Why soft policing is hard: on the curious development of reassurance policing, how it became neighbourhood policing and what this signifies about the politics of police reform. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, 15(3), Jackson, J., & Bradford, B. (2009). Crime, policing and social order: on the expressive nature of public confidence in policing. The British Journal of Sociology, 60(3), Jackson, J., & Bradford, B. (2010). What is Trust and Confidence in the Police? Policing, 4 (3), /9

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5 ). Loader, I. (1997). Private security and the demand for protection in contemporary britain. Policing and Society, 7(3), Loader, I. (1999). Consumer Culture and the Commodification of Policing and Security. Sociology, 33(2), Loader, I. (2001a). The Power of Legitimate Naming: Part I--Chief Constables as Social Commentators in Post-War England. British Journal of Criminology, 41(1), Loader, I. (2001b). The Power of Legitimate Naming: Part II Making Sense of the Elite Police Voice. British Journal of Criminology, 41(2), Loader, I. (2005). Fall of the Platonic Guardians : Liberalism, Criminology and Political Responses to Crime in England and Wales. British Journal of Criminology, 46(4), Loader, I. (2006a). Policing, Recognition, and Belonging. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 605(1), Loader, I. (2006b). Policing, Recognition, and Belonging. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 605(1), Loader, I., & Walker, N. (2006). Necessary virtues: the legitimate place of the state in the production of security. In Democracy, society and the governance of security. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Loader, Ian, & Mulcahy, Aogán. (2003). Policing and the condition of England: memory, politics and culture. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Loader, Ian, Mulcahy, Aogán, & Oxford Scholarship Online Law. (2003). Policing and the condition of England: memory, politics and culture (Vol. Clarendon studies in criminology). New York: Oxford University Press. Loftus, B. (2010). Police occupational culture: classic themes, altered times. Policing and Society, 20(1), Mackenzie, S., & Henry, A. (2009). Community Policing: A Review of the Evidence. Macpherson, William, Cook, Tom, Sentamu, John, Stone, Richard, & Great Britain. (1999a). The Stephen Lawrence inquiry: report of an inquiry (Vol. Cm). London: Stationery Office. Macpherson, William, Cook, Tom, Sentamu, John, Stone, Richard, & Great Britain. (1999b). The Stephen Lawrence inquiry: report of an inquiry (Vol. Cm). London: Stationery Office. Maguire, M., & John, T. (2006). Intelligence Led Policing, Managerialism and Community Engagement: Competing Priorities and the Role of the National Intelligence Model in the 5/9

6 UK. Policing and Society, 16(1), Manning, P. (2005). The police: mandate, strategies and appearances. In Policing: key readings (pp ). Marshall, G. (1978). Police accountability revisited. In Policing: key readings (pp ). Mastrofski, S. (2006a). Community policing: a sceptical view. In Police innovation: contrasting perspectives (Vol. Cambridge studies in criminology, pp ). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Mastrofski, S. (2006b). Community policing: a sceptical view. In Police innovation: contrasting perspectives (Vol. Cambridge studies in criminology, pp ). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Mawby, R. C., & Wright, A. (2008). The police organisation. In Handbook of policing (2nd ed, pp ). Mclaughlin, E., & Murji, K. (1999). After the Stephen Lawrence Report. Critical Social Policy, 19(3), McLaughlin, Eugene. (2007a). The new policing. London: SAGE. McLaughlin, Eugene. (2007b). The new policing. London: SAGE. McLaughlin, Eugene. (2007c). The new policing. London: SAGE. McLaughlin, Eugene. (2007d). The new policing. London: SAGE. Murphy, K., & Cherney, A. (2011). Understanding Cooperation With Police in a Diverse Society. British Journal of Criminology, 52(1), Newburn, T. (2001). The Commodification of Policing: Security Networks in the Late Modern City. Urban Studies, 38(5-6), Newburn, T. (2004). Race, Crime and Injustice?: Strip Search and the Treatment of Suspects in Custody. British Journal of Criminology, 44(5), Newburn, T. (2008). Policing since In Handbook of policing (2nd ed, pp ). Newburn, T., & Reiner, R. (2007). Policing and the Police. In The Oxford handbook of criminology (4th ed, pp ). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Newburn, T., & Reiner, R. (2012). Policing and the police. In The Oxford handbook of criminology (5th ed). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Phillips, C., & Bowling, B. (2007). Ethnicities, Racism, Crime and Criminal Justice. In The Oxford handbook of criminology (4th ed). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Rawlings, P. (2008). Policing before the police. In Handbook of policing (2nd ed, pp ). 6/9

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8 Skogan, Wesley G. (n.d.). The police and public opinion in Britain. The American Behavioral Scientist, 39(4), Smith, D. (2007a). New Challenges to Police Legitimacy. In Transformations of policing (Vol. Edinburgh Centre of Law and Society, pp ). Aldershot: Ashgate. Smith, D. (2007b). New challenges to police legitimacy. In Transformations of policing (Vol. Edinburgh Centre of Law and Society, pp ). Aldershot: Ashgate. Sousa, W., & Kelling, G. (2006a). Of "broken windows, criminology and criminal justice. In Police innovation: contrasting perspectives (Vol. Cambridge studies in criminology, pp ). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Sousa, W., & Kelling, G. (2006b). Of "broken windows, criminology and criminal justice. In Police innovation: contrasting perspectives (Vol. Cambridge studies in criminology, pp ). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Stevens, Philip, Willis, Carole F., & Great Britain. (1979). Race, crime and arrests (Vol. Home Office research study). London: HMSO. Sunshine, J., & Tyler, T. R. (2003). The Role of Procedural Justice and Legitimacy in Shaping Public Support for Policing. Law <html_ent Ascii= & /> Society Review, 37 (3), Taylor, R. (2006a). Incivilities reduction policing, zero tolerance and the retreat from coproduction: weak foundations and strong pressures. In Police innovation: contrasting perspectives (Vol. Cambridge studies in criminology, pp ). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Taylor, R. (2006b). Incivilities reduction policing, zero tolerance and the retreat from coproduction: weak foundations and strong pressures. In Police innovation: contrasting perspectives (Vol. Cambridge studies in criminology, pp ). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Tilley, N. (2008). Community policing, problem-oriented policing and intelligence-led policing. In Handbook of policing (2nd ed, pp ). Tyler, T. R. (2006). Psychological Perspectives on Legitimacy and Legitimation. Annual Review of Psychology, 57(1), Tyler, T. R., & Fagan, J. (2008). Legitimacy and Cooperation: Why Do People Help the Police Fight Crime in Their Communities? Ohio State Journal of Criminal Law, 6, Waddington, P. A. J. (2004). In Proportion: Race, and Police Stop and Search. British Journal of Criminology, 44(6), Waddington, P. A. J. (2003). Policing citizens: authority and rights. London: Routledge. Waddington, P. A. J., & SocINDEX with Full Text. (1999). Policing citizens: authority and rights. London: UCL Press. 8/9

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