Advanced Applications of Geospatial Technologies

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1 Advanced Applications of Geospatial Technologies Geospatial Technologies and Human Rights Project Scientific Responsibility, Human Rights and Law Program American Association for the Advancement of Science

2 2 Issues to Consider with Remote Sensing Analysis

3 Why remote sensing?!!!!!! Access to unreachable areas! Dangerous! Remote Large area analysis Historical analysis Establish timelines of events Objective form of reporting! Scientific corroboration of on-the-ground reporting

4 Satellite Imagery high resolution satellite imagery: Area of coverage: smaller areas in greater detail Revisit time: ranges from 2 weeks to several months Archives: available since 1999 Costs: $350-$2000+ per image, sold commercially Archival Order New Collection Order Ideal for: smaller-scale events where high level of detail is important Examples: conflict analysis, housing destruction low resolution satellite imagery

5 Satellite Imagery high resolution satellite imagery: low resolution satellite imagery: Area of coverage: covers very large areas Many satellites Revisit time: ranges, some are daily Archives: available since the 1970s Costs: generally free, from the USG, ESA, others Ideal for: analysis of large areas or across long time frames Examples: vegetation analysis, fires, large scale construction, environmental destruction

6 Using Imagery in a Human Rights Context Three general types of project: Concise analysis of a single location Large area surveys of many locations and their status over longer periods of time Active monitoring of one or more locations using frequently acquired images

7 Satellite Image Analysis: Examples!

8 Environmental Change Example: Bahrain Partner: Bahrain Center for Human Rights l l l l l Partnered with the Bahrain Center for Human Rights Landsat to monitor Land Use and Environmental Changes from Island Expansion Vegetation Loss Urbanization

9 Environmental Change Example: Bahrain Partner: Bahrain Center for Human Rights Island Expansion

10 Environmental Change Example: Bahrain Partner: Bahrain Center for Human Rights Urbanization

11 Civilian Home Destruction Example: Central African Republic

12 Civilian Home Destruction Example: Central African Republic l Bangui, CAR l Over 4,000 demolitions in 2014 l Organized violence, looting, arson l l l Homes Shops Mosques

13 Cross-Border Conflict Example: Sudan-South Sudan!

14 Internal Conflict Example: Darfur, Sudan Partner: Amnesty International Report from ReliefWeb: December 2010 Attacks in Negeha, South Darfur 7000 IDPs

15 Internal Conflict Example: Darfur, Sudan Partner: Amnesty International Negeha, South Darfur 13 January 2010 Image DigitalGlobe

16 Internal Conflict Example: Syria Medical Facility Attacks Partner: Physicians for Human Rights!

17 Cultural Heritage Destruction Example: Aleppo, Syria Partner: Amnesty International, USA

18 Civil and Political Rights Example: Nairobi, Kenya!

19 Refugees Example: Libya Left-to-die Boat Case!

20 Refugees Example: Libya Left-to-die Boat Case! SAR analysis by Rossana Padeletti, indicating vessel returns in vicinity of migrant boat

21 Extractive Industries Example: D.R. Congo

22 Grave Sites Example: Sri Lanka Partners: Amnesty International & Human Rights Watch!

23 Grave Sites Example: Sri Lanka Partners: Amnesty International & Human Rights Watch Grave Count: 0 Grave Count: ~ April May 2009! Image DigitalGlobe Image DigitalGlobe

24 Grave Sites Example: Sri Lanka Partners: Amnesty International & Human Rights Watch Grave Count: ~ May May 2009! Image DigitalGlobe Image DigitalGlobe

25 Grave Sites Example: Iraq 25

26 Using Imagery in Human Rights Context Examples of Documentation: Conflict Assessment Housing and infrastructure demolition and destruction Infrastructure construction Development project monitoring: dams, roads, pipelines Natural resource extraction Defoliation/Deforestation Property delineation Mass grave mapping Oil spill documentation

27 Questions? #AAAS_GTHR

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