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1 No online items Finding aid prepared by Andrew Sorokowski Funding for this project was generously provided by the National Endowment for the Humanities, together with a matching grant from the Taube Family Foundation. The grant also provides depositing a microfilm copy of these materials in the State Archives of Poland in Warsaw. Hoover Institution Archives 434 Galvez Mall Stanford University Stanford, CA, (650) hooverarchives@stanford.edu

2 Title: Poland. Ambasada Date (inclusive): Collection Number: Contributing Institution: Hoover Institution Archives Language of Material: Polish Physical Description: 60 manuscript boxes, 2 oversize folders(25.5 linear feet) Abstract: Reports, correspondence, accounts, lists, testimonies, questionnaires, certificates, petitions, card files, maps, circulars, graphs, protocols, and clippings relating to World War II, the Soviet occupation of Poland, the Polish-Soviet military and diplomatic agreements of 1941, the re-establishment of the Polish embassy in Moscow, Polish prisoners of war in the Soviet Union, deportations of Polish citizens to the Soviet Union, labor camps and settlements, relief work by the Polish social welfare department delegations among the deportees, the Polish armed forces formed in the Soviet Union, evacuation of Polish citizens to the Middle East, the Katyn massacre of Polish officers, and the breakdown of Polish-Soviet relations in Includes material on the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the Soviet government, A digital copy of this entire collection is available at Physical Location: Hoover Institution Archives Creator: Poland. Ambasada (Soviet Union) Records Access Box 60 restricted; access images available in Box 54. The remainder of the collection is open for research; materials must be requested at least two business days in advance of intended use. Publication Rights For copyright status, please contact the Hoover Institution Archives. Preferred Citation [Identification of item], Poland. Ambasada, [Box no., Folder no. or title], Hoover Institution Archives. Acquisition Information Materials were acquired by the Hoover Institution Archives in 1945, with an increment received in Accruals Materials may have been added to the collection since this finding aid was prepared. To determine if this has occurred, find the collection in Stanford University's online catalog at Materials have been added to the collection if the number of boxes listed in the online catalog is larger than the number of boxes listed in this finding aid. Alternative Form Available Also available on microfilm (79 reels). A digital copy (digitized from microfilm by the Polish State Archives) is available in Poland's National Digital Archive at Related Collection(s) Tadeusz Romer papers, Hoover Institution Archives Wladyslaw Anders collection, Hoover Institution Archives Poland. Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych records, Hoover Institution Archives Historical Note Polish-Soviet diplomatic relations were severed with the Soviet occupation of Eastern Poland on September 17, After the German invasion of the USSR in June 1941, however, the Soviet government re-established diplomatic relations with the Polish government, then in exile in London. An agreement was signed on July 30, 1941, followed by a military accord on August 14. The Poles were allowed to re-establish an Embassy in Moscow, to form an army on Soviet territory for the common struggle against Germany, and to set up a network of Polish citizens deported to the USSR in Friction soon developed in several areas, leading to an eventual break in diplomatic relations. Of particular concern to the Polish government were the Polish deportees, many of whom were forced to accept Soviet rather than Polish citizenship. The activities of the Polish social welfare workers awoke the suspicions of the Soviet authorities, who conducted a series of arrests in June and July of Finally, the question of the fate of between 8,300 and 8,400 Polish officers who had been taken prisoner by the Soviet forces in 1939 and who were supposed to be released from the prison camps at Kozel'sk, Starobelsk and Ostashkov became a source of Polish-Soviet discord. The discovery by the Germans of mass graves of between 4,443 and 4,800 Polish officers at Katyn on April 13, 1943 seemed to confirm Polish suspicions. The Soviet authorities responded by accusing the Polish government of collaboration with the Germans. On April 25, 1943, the Soviet

3 government broke diplomatic relations with the Polish government, and the mission of the Polish Embassy was officially terminated. The Polish ambassador in Moscow from 1941 to July 5, 1942 was Stanislaw Kot. After the general evacuation, when the Embassy was moved to Kuibyshev, the post was assumed by Tadeusz Romer. He remained there until July 25, 1943, although his official status had been revoked in April of that year. The Romer papers are located at the Public Archives of Canada, and a microfilm copy has been deposited at the Hoover Institution. A major part of the activity of the Polish Embassy was the organization of a network of social welfare "delegations" administered by "hommes de confiance" appointed by the Social Welfare Department. The Embassy representatives were responsible for the physical well-being, and in some cases the religious and educational care, of the more than one million Polish citizens deported by the Soviet authorities to labor camps and settlements in A mass southward evacuation of these deportees was effected in 1943, and many made their way to Britain via Iran. A large number were interviewed in Tehran in 1943 regarding their experiences in the USSR. The interviews themselves are a part of the Wladyslaw Anders Collection at the Hoover Institution. Scope and Content of Collection Reports, correspondence, accounts, lists, testimonies, questionnaires, certificates, petitions, card files, maps, circulars, graphs, protocols, and clippings relating to World War II, the Soviet occupation of Poland, the Polish-Soviet military and diplomatic agreements of 1941, the re-establishment of the Polish embassy in Moscow, Polish prisoners of war in the Soviet Union, deportations of Polish citizens to the Soviet Union, labor camps and settlements, relief work by the Polish social welfare department delegations among the deportees, the Polish armed forces formed in the Soviet Union, evacuation of Polish citizens to the Middle East, the Katyn massacre of Polish officers, and the breakdown of Polish-Soviet relations in Includes material on the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the Soviet government, A digital copy of this entire collection is available at An item level inventory of the collection (in Polish) is available at the Hoover Institution Archives. Subjects and Indexing Terms Katyn Massacre, Katynʹ, Russia, Poland--Foreign relations--soviet Union. Poland--History--Occupation, Poland. Poles--Soviet Union. Prisoners of war. Refugees. Russia (Federation) Soviet Union--Foreign relations--poland. Soviet Union--Politics and government Soviet Union. World War, Civilian relief. World War, Conscript labor. World War, Deportations from Poland. World War, Diplomatic history. World War, Poland. World War, Prisoners and prisons. World War, Refugees. World War, Soviet Union. World War, ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE FILE Circulars, instructions, orders, plans, and proposals, arranged by type of document. Box

4 ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE FILE Box 2 Circulars, instructions, and orders Instructions and orders Personnel records Plans and proposals Box 3 Plans and proposals OFFICE FILE OF THE CONSULAR LEGAL DEPARTMENT Reports, lists, questionnaires, card files, and petitions, arranged alphabetically by subject. Box 3 Administration Citizenship and passportization Box 4 Box 5 Box 6 Box 7 Foreign citizenship Czech Soviet United States Polish citizenship Questionnaires and lists Questionnaires and lists Polish passportization Polish passportization Soviet passportization Registration Registration Deportations Lists of deportees As of December 30, 1942 Residence applications Interventions Box 8 Box 9 Box 10 Arrests after amnesty Courts, Soviet Property Correspondence Lists Reports Miscellaneous Labor camps, settlements, and prisons List Legalizations

5 OFFICE FILE OF THE CONSULAR LEGAL DEPARTMENT Legalizations Box 11 Box 59 Box 12 Box 13 Box 14 Box 15 Map case Certificates and lists Extracts Deaths Card file Card file (continued) List Notes Notes (continued) Miscellaneous Nationalities Box 16 Lists and petitions Reports Central European Federation Eastern question Internal affairs Jews Polskie Sily Zbrojne (PSZ) (Polish Armed Forces) Box 17 Box 18 Box 19 Berling, Colonel Zygmunt, Polish military units formed by under Soviet authorities, report 1944 June 5 Financial and personnel matters Griazovets camp, prisoners of war and internees (as of August 3, 1941) at, list Kalwaria camp (Lithuania), officers interned at Koltubanka and Totskoe labor camps (Orenburg, formerly Chkalov, region), Polish citizens at Prisoners of war, missing (Kozel'sk, Starobelsk and Ostashkov camps), list 1941 December Railway workers Red Army, Poles in Service, military Laws on universal military service obligation Release and deferment, etc. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), official relations with Women volunteers, questionnaires Miscellaneous contracts, lists, correspondence, etc. Prisoners of war Lists Searches Visas Box 19 OFFICE FILE OF THE FINANCIAL DEPARTMENT Reports, accounts, and inventory, arranged alphabetically by type of document

6 OFFICE FILE OF THE FINANCIAL DEPARTMENT Box 19 Biurobin (Foreigners' Service Office) accounts Informational materials Budget Inventory Reports 1941 August May January 1 OFFICE FILE OF THE POLITICAL-INFORMATIONAL DEPARTMENT Correspondence, reports, protocols, lists, and clippings, arranged alphabetically by type of document. Box 19 Matusinski affair Box 20 Polish-Soviet Agreement 1941 Press and radio Sikorski, Wladyslaw, visit of USSR Antisemitism, report Officials (party and government) Comintern, report and lists 1928 Communist Party of the Soviet Union Central Committee, list 1928(?) Government, Council of People's Commissars, list 1928(?) Government, Party, and Comintern, table 1928(?) Box 21 Circulars Clippings Polish-Soviet Declaration of Friendship and Mutual Aid, signing of 1941 Various Correspondence Box 22 Indices of correspondence 1941 September December Courier post Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych (Ministry of Foreign Affairs)

7 OFFICE FILE OF THE POLITICAL-INFORMATIONAL DEPARTMENT Correspondence Narodnyi komissariat po inostrannym delam (NKID) (People's Commissariat of Foreign Affairs) Received Sent 1942 January December 30 Box January April January April 20 Newspaper issue, Pravda 1929 March 3 Notes received by the Ambassador, Kuibyshev 1942 Protocols Conversations with NKID, folder 1 Conversations with NKID, folder 3 Conversations with NKID, folder 4 Box 24 Reports received from and sent to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Miscellaneous OFFICE FILE OF THE SOCIAL WELFARE DEPARTMENT Reports, testimonies, protocols, lists, certificates, card files, questionnaires, and photographs, arranged alphabetically by type of document. Subject file Box 24 Box 25 Box 26 Box 27 Box 28 Box 29 Box 30 Children Culture and education Deportation and life in USSR Evacuation Delegations, Embassy Social Welfare Department Arkhangel'sk region Arkhangel'sk Arkhangel'sk Kotlas Arkhangel'sk and Vologda regions European Russia Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic Dzhambul Kirov, Molotov, and Krasnoiarsk Krasnoiarsk Territory Novosibirsk and Altai regions Primor'e (Maritime Territory), Vladivostok Calendar of documents Correspondence Lists, prisoners of war

8 OFFICE FILE OF THE SOCIAL WELFARE DEPARTMENT Subject file Box 31 Box 32 Box 33 Box 34 Box 59 Box 35 Box 36 Box 37 Box 38 Notebooks Notebooks Siberia Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic, Samarkand, Tashkent, etc. Deportations History Discipline Finances Allowances for individuals Budget Commission Budget, monthly Budget, monthly Grants-in-aid Individual aid Legal affairs Liquidation of delegations Personnel Applications for employment Arrests 1942 Deportation and evacuation from USSR 1942 Red Cross Religious life of Polish citizens in USSR Soldiers' families Aid Evacuation Stroibatal'iony (Construction Battalions) and Red Army, Polish citizens in Stroibatal'iony (Construction Battalions) and Red Army, Polish citizens in Miscellaneous Box 39 Card files, Embassy social welfare representatives and delegations Box 40 Card files, Embassy social welfare representatives and delegations (continued) Box 41 Certificates Correspondence Graphs Lists Children and orphans, numbers and distribution of (as of April 25, 1943) Deportees, numbers and distribution of Evacuees

9 OFFICE FILE OF THE SOCIAL WELFARE DEPARTMENT Lists Social welfare establishments As of December 1, 1942 As of February 15, 1943 As of February 16, 1943 Box 42 Notes on telephone conversations Photographs, women deportees, Komi A.S.S.R. Letka region Syktyvkar region Questionnaires, religious life of Polish citizens in USSR Registers Box 43 Box 44 Children, transport of Social welfare establishments Social welfare establishments Reports November February December March 16 Calculation of number of deportees 1943 June 14 Deportees, conditions of life of North and Central European Russia (Kuibyshev) 1943 April 10 Ural region-chelabinsk and Sverdlovsk regions Uzbek and Turkmen SSR Fergana Valley, Surkhandar'ia region and Stalinabad Karaganda, Akmolinsk and Kustanai regions (Kuibyshev) 1943 August 30 Box 45 Kazakh SSR 1943 April 3 Kirghiz and South and Central Kazakh SSR 1943 March Finances "Individual Aid from the Polish Embassy in the USSR for Polish Citizens" (Tehran) 1943 July 17 Liquidation of delegations 1942 October 30 Relief from abroad Religious life and clergy 1943 August 14 Social welfare representatives, Ural region, evaluations of Transport and supply "Soviet Allotments of Food and Manufactured Goods for the Polish Population and the Welfare Establishments" (Tehran) 1943 July 28 Transport Department Testimonies Adults

10 OFFICE FILE OF THE SOCIAL WELFARE DEPARTMENT Testimonies Box 46 Box 47 Box 59 Box 48 Box 49 Box 50 Bialystok Province Lwow Province Nowogrod Province Polesie Province Stanislawow Province Tarnopol Province Wolyn Province Wolyn Province Various Children Bialystok Province Lwow Province Nowogrodek Province Polesie Province Stanislawow Province Tarnopol Province Warsaw Province Wilno Province Wolyn Province Various delegations Testimonies and protocols of the Investigative Commission of the Polish Ministry of Justice, Tehran Box 51 Box 52 Akmolinsk delegation Alma-Ata delegation Ashkhabad delegation Barnaul delegation Chelabinsk delegation Chimkent delegation Chkalov (now Orenburg) delegation Dzhambul delegation Kirov delegation Krasnoiarsk delegation Kustanai delegation Pavlodar delegation Petropavlovsk delegation Samarkand delegation Semipalatinsk delegation Syktyvkar delegation Various delegations CORRESPONDENCE Official correspondence of the Polish Embassy in Moscow and Kuibyshev, including correspondence of Ambassadors Stanislaw Kot and Tadeusz Romer, arranged alphabetically by name of principal correspondent and preceded by registers of correspondence for August 1941 through December Box 52 Registers of correspondence 1941 August December January July July December 31 Box

11 CORRESPONDENCE Registers of correspondence Kot, Ambassador Stanislaw, official correspondence, Moscow Ministerstwo Pracy i Opieky (Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare), London, correspondence with, Kuibyshev Narodnyi komissariat po inostrannykh delam (NKID) (People's Commissariat of Foreign Affairs), correspondence with, Kuibyshev 1942 Letters sent Letters received Romer, Ambassador Tadeusz, official correspondence, Kuibyshev Letters sent and received 1942 Letters received Box 54 Various correspondence MAPS undated Arranged alphabetically by title. Box 54 Map case Box 54 "Deportations of Polish Citizens from Territories Occupied by the Soviet Union from " "Distribution of Polish Citizens Released by the Soviet Authorities after the Conclusion of the Polish-Soviet Agreement of the July 30th [sic] 1941" "Mapa Specjalna Rozmieszczenia Ludnosci Polskiej w Z.S.S.R." ("Special Map of the Distribution of the Polish Population in the U.S.S.R.") "Settlements of Polish Citizens Deported from Poland by the Soviet Union during the Period " "Soviet Empire in Europe and Asia" Oversize MISCELLANY undated UNSORTED MATERIAL undated Box 55 Box 56 Box 57 Box 58 Map case Material not yet described. Material not yet described. Material not yet described. Material not yet described. OVERSIZE MATERIAL undated Original, hand-made map of Soviet forced labor camps and prisons from which Polish citizens were released between 1941 and DECLASSIFIED U.S. GOVERNMENT RECORDS Formerly security-classified records of the U.S. government, released in full or in part. Includes some interfiled, unclassified government records. Arranged chronologically by date of release by Hoover, then chronologically thereunder by date of creation

12 DECLASSIFIED U.S. GOVERNMENT RECORDS Box/Folder 58 : January release of records Consists of the following: Statement by the Polish government, in French, 7 July 1941 [originally in box 20]. List, "Stores for the Polish Forces - Arriving in Russia in Convoy P.Q.1," 29 September 1941 [originally in box 38]. Letter from Monsieur L. Baggallay, H.Ms British Embassy, regarding Latvians deported to Russia, 4 February 1942 [originally in box 21]. Telegram from British Military Mission, Moscow, 19 March [1942] and Aide Memoire from the British Military Mission attaching "Notes by British Chiefs of Staff Regarding the Polish Forces in Russia," 28 November 1941 [originally in box 16]. Statement regarding Polish-Soviet relations, in French, 27 July 1942 [two copies, one originally in box 3, the other originally in box 36]. Box 60 2 ink stamps, 1 rolled paper form Access Box 60 is restricted. Access images are available in Box