Name: Date: Period: Chapter 35 & 36 Reading Guide Power, Politics, and Conflict in World History, & Globalization and Resistance p.

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1 Name: Date: Period: Chapter 35 & 36 Reading Guide Power, Politics, and Conflict in World History, & Globalization and Resistance p THE END OF THE COLD WAR p.861 Factors in Soviet Decline 1. What were the six factors that led to the shrinking of Russian/Soviet Empire power? The Explosion of the 1980s and 1990s 2. Identify some of the problems that resulted from forced industrialization. The Age of Reform 3. What reforms did Gorbachev make after taking office? Make sure you address glasnost and Perestroika in your answer. (See key terms at the end of this packet!) Dismantling the Soviet Empire 4. What occurred across Eastern Europe in the late 1980s? 5. As Soviet/Communist control was removed, what old tensions came to the surface? Cite examples. Renewed Turmoil in the 1990s 6. What occurred in the Soviet Union in 1991 that brought an end to Gorbachev s power? 7. How is Putin different from Gorbachev? VISUALIZING THE PAST: SYMBOLISM IN THE BREAKDOWN OF THE SOVIET BLOC p When Gorbachev implemented Perestroika it is very doubtful he envisioned it would bring about the scene you see on p.868. What is it you think that Gorbachev did not appreciate or understand about these people that maybe the opponents of Perestroika did?

2 THE SPREAD OF DEMOCRACY p.869 Patterns of Change 9. Beginning in the mid- 1970s, what wave of change began spreading through Europe, and then further into Latin America and Asia? 10. Cite some examples of how the Middle East began showing signs of democratic elements. DOCUMENT: DEMOCRATIC PROTEST AND REPRESSION IN CHINA p How does Li Peng describe the leaders of the protest movement, as opposed to the masses of students protesting, and why does he describe them in this manner? In other words, what advantage does he get out of portraying them this way? Democracy and Its Limits 12. What areas resisted the spread of democracy the most? 13. During the Cold War the United States often supported authoritarian regimes that were anti- Communist. Today the US finds itself sometimes supporting authoritarian regimes for what reason? THE GREAT POWERS AND NEW DISPUTES p.871 The Former Soviet Empire 14. What common factors do you see involved in tensions in the Balkans prior to WWI and in the 1990s? Endemic Conflicts 15. Your text states that the West and moderate Arab states worked together to pull Saddam Hussein out of Kuwait yet in the end, the US was criticized by Arabs and Muslims. Why? Ethnic and Other Conflicts: A New Surge 16. What was the root of conflict in Africa in the 1990s? THE UNITED STATES AS SOLE SUPERPOWER p.874 The United States and Other Power Centers 17. How did some areas of the world oppose US military and economic power? Anti- American Terrorism and Response 18. What were the concerns that prompted Islamic militants to kill 3000 people on 9/11? 19. What did the US do in response to those terrorist attacks?

3 THINKING HISTORICALLY: TERRORISM, THEN AND NOW p Summarize the motivations held by terrorists prior to WWI. 21. What three broad motivations inspire terrorists in the late 20 th and early 21 st centuries? 22. How did terrorist targets prior to WWI differ from those of today? 23. What do modern terrorists hope to accomplish by killing civilians? 24. Have the terrorists achieved their goals? 25. Terrorists use of indiscriminate violence has actually helped states respond to their threats. How? GLOBAL CONNECTIONS: NEW GLOBAL STANDARDS, NEW DIVISIONS p What is meant by the end of history? 27. Do you agree? Why or why not? CHAPTER 36: Globalization and Resistance By the early 21 st Century, the unfolding of globalization the increasing interconnectedness of all world parts reflected the close of the Cold War and the lessening of international conflict, a movement to free markets, new technical developments (especially the computer), and a general acceptance of global connections. Complicating factors to globalization were lingering nationalism, an important religious surge, and terrorism. INTRODUCTION p What examples of globalization are given in the intro to this chapter? 29. What tensions resulted from these examples? GLOBALIZATION: CAUSES AND PROCESSES p Your text states globalization led to a decline in nationalism and an increase in cosmopolitanism. Explain how this picture demonstrates cosmopolitanism. (Look it up if you don t know what it means!!)

4 31. Explain how the two pictures below BOTH demonstrate nationalism. The New Technology 32. What three common pieces of high technology helped connect the world and spread globalization and cosmopolitanism? Economic Globalization: Business Organization and Investment 33. What factors cause multinational corporations to locate in countries around the world? 34. What areas of the world saw child labor increase despite decreasing in the rest of the world? Migration 35. What was the result of the decline in population growth in various countries? 36. How are guest workers contributing to globalization? Cultural Globalization 37. Your text keeps mentioning reduced political barriers. What reduced those barriers? 38. Cite two examples of US/Western influence on the world. 39. Cite two examples of NON- Western influence on the world. 40. Cite two examples of a blending of influences in any part of the world. DOCUMENT: PROTESTS AGAINST GLOBALIZATION p DBQ Review: What is the bias of the author of this article and WHY does he hold this bias? (HINT: Re- read the intro of this document again!)

5 42. Give three quotes where the author reveals his point of view. (phrases are okay) 43. Although the protesters have a number of issues, which ones keep coming up? Institutions of Globalization 44. Provide a key accomplishment by an international governmental organization. 45. List an example of an IGNO. RESISTANCE AND ALTERNATIVES p. 892 Protest and Economic Uncertainties 46. List 4 criticisms of globalization. THINKING HISTORICALLY: HOW MUCH HISTORICAL CHANGE? p Explain the idea behind the statement that democracies do not make war on each other. 48. Explain the idea that consumer capitalism results in greater world peace. Nationalism and New Religious Currents 49. How are Japan s government teaching kids to use chopsticks or France s government opposing the use of English words in the French language examples of nationalism? 50. What time period in world history would religious fundamentalists, of any stripe (any religion), be more comfortable in? THE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT p Industrialized countries like the US, China and even Belgium do vastly more damage to the environment and consume more of the world s wealth than developing countries BUT what happens if those industrialized countries place very strict environmental regulations on industries? Will they just comply and forfeit profits or will they come up with another solution? If so, what? (HINT: Why might sub- Saharan countries in Africa be completely in favor of environmental regulations on industrialized countries?)

6 Environmental Issues as Global Concerns 52. How did the push to industrialize and to keep pace with the West leave a permanent scar on the land in Eastern Europe? VISUALIZING THE PAST: TWO FACES OF GLOBALIZATION p.897 No questions Disease 53. What is the most recent example of disease spread as a result of globalization? (No, it s not in your text) TOWARD THE FUTURE p.899 Projecting from Trends 54. What is predicted to happen around the year 2050? Big Changes 55. If the theory of a postindustrial world holds, what will be the most valuable commodity? The Problem of the Contemporary Period 56. If the birthrate continues to decline worldwide, will women play a greater or lesser role in both politics and the world economy? GLOBAL CONNECTIONS: CIVILIZATIONS AND GLOBAL FORCES p This chapter has focused on globalization and its resulting cultural diffusion between societies. If you carry this idea forward it means that eventually the world will become one global culture with a shared set of values and language. Do the authors see things going that far? Ch. 35 Key Terms DEFINE Mikhail Gorbachev: Glasnost: Perestroika: Boris Yeltsin: First US- Iraq War (also known as the Persian Gulf War): Ch. 36 Key Terms DEFINE Globalization: Multinational Corporations North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA):

Guided Reading Activity 32-1

Guided Reading Activity 32-1 DIRECTIONS: Recalling the Facts Use the information in your textbook to answer the questions below. Use another sheet of paper if necessary. 1. What conservative view did many