Spaces of Place or Spaces of Flows? The resilience of territorial border infrastructure in a globalized world Examples from Europe and North America

Transcription

1 Spaces of Place or Spaces of Flows? The resilience of territorial border infrastructure in a globalized world Examples from Europe and North America Martin Klatt, PhD. Centre for Border Region Studies, Sønderborg

2 Open borders?

3 A-territoriality of borders Borders are no longer bound to the fixed line, but rather bound by flows of goods and persons Pre-clearance of goods Free movement of people within the EU Cross-border commuting Cross-border services Cross-border infrastructure

4 Cross-border infrastructure Hyperloop Tallinn-Helsinki? Eurotunnel, Wikipedia, Billy org/w/index.php?curid=

5 March 2016.

6 RQ: does cross-border infrastructure reflect a-territoriality of borders? Infrastructure improves accessibility Usually state centred decision, partially EU influence (in Europe) Flow oriented Trade Tourism Commuting History????

7 Example 1: Denmark and its Fixed link to Germany Trade interest Copenhagen as a crossborder metropolis with Malmö and Hamburg Tysklandsstrategi

8 DK: trade and metropolis Trade and persons across Danish borders

9 Infrastructure

10 Denmark regionalism and history* Copenhagen s struggle for control of the country Explains the suppression of Jutic and Schleswig- Holstein regionalism in the 19th century railway and port construction Explains the construction of the Great Belt Bridge in the 1980s Explains the construction of the Øresund Bridge in the 1990s Explains the prioritization of the Fehmarn fixed link in the 2000s *Builds on thoughts of my colleague Steen Bo Frandsen

11 Cross-border metropolis

12 New power of cities in a globalized world? Neo-medieval: power struggle of cities vs. territorial proto-states Globalization as urbanization? Cleavage between the urban, multicultural, cosmopolitan society and the rural, provincial, disconnected society

13 Øresund Greater Copenhagen The Bridge iconified as a link - TV series - CBR as prime matter of the Danish government Map for the Øresunds-train a cross-border network? - Separate ticket system - Separate travelcard system Limited compatibility with connecting transport

14

15

16 Cross-Border Tram Strasbourg-Kehl

17 EGRO-net (DE-CZ) (Interreg-financed) joint ticket for tourists but no integrated tariff system

18

19

20

21 Challenges: security and rebordering R: control on the land border between Denmark and Germany still there! L: control at Copenhagen Airport Station stopped in June after intense political pressure (City and State)

22 Vancouver Pacific Central Station train to the US remember pre-1989 Berlin-Friedrichstrasse? Track and sterile compound

23 US-Canada paradigm change* Peace Arch border crossing, Bellingham Whatcom Chamber of Commerce Narrative of the longest unguarded border in the world Paradigm change 9/11 Free trade and crossborder flows subject to security imperatives Reps. of US and Canadian government authorities are the focus point of paradipl. activities *Bruno Dupeyron: Secondary Foreign Policy Through the Prism of Cross- Border Governance in the US-Canada Pacific Northwest Border Region, Regional and Federal Studies, 2017

24 The International Mobility and Trade Corridor Program US-Canadian coalition of government entities and business to improve cross-border transportation in the Cascadia transport corridor

25 Cross-border infrastructure Cross-border infrastructure links across borders, but also manifests the borders Many attempts to integrate cross-border infrastructure, often EU funded Public transportation: Intregration of traffic systems remains unsolved No real joint ticketing systems US-Canada: Smart Borders Pre-clearance Preferred traveller Border infrastructure moved to train stations, airports in Canada Does that make the border a-territorial?