Define : Appointment confirmation:

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3 Define : Appointment confirmation: Committee selection: How a Bill becomes a law?

4 Term: Definitions: Appointment Confirmation Committee Selection How a Bill Becomes a Law Definition The Senate approving the president s choices for certain positions How Congressmen are chosen for their assigned committees The process of how a proposed law ( bill ) moves through Congress and the president in order to become law Congress

5 I am MONTESQUIEU and I believe SEPARATION OF POWERS is important to prevent tyranny and protect citizen s liberty.

6 compare local, state, and federal lawmakers (city/county commissioners/council members; state legislators [representatives and senators]; and U.S. congressmen/congresswomen [representatives and senators]). Take notes

7 System of Government What system of government does the US have under the Constitution? FEDERAL SYSTEM (also called FEDERALISM) Power is SHARED between the federal and state governments. What system did we have in the US under the Articles of Confederation? Confederal System

8 Fill this out using your noggin and the following notes and reading.

9 State Government: The Florida Constitution establishes three branches of government. (Hey. It looks like power is separated even at the State Level.) STATE: Like the federal level, the state level has a legislative branch which makes state laws. It is called the Florida Legislature (Florida Senate and Florida House of Representatives). The executive at the state level is called governor. In addition, in Florida there is a judicial branch with several state courts. Florida Circuit Court, Florida District Court of Appeals and Florida Supreme Court.

10 Check out what is going in Tallahassee channel.org/ Florida House of Representatives there are 120 representatives 40 state senators Representatives serve for two years and senators serve for four years. governor has a four year term lieutenant governor The lieutenant governor is responsible for breaking a tie vote between the two houses of the Florida Legislature. The governor also has people, called a cabinet, to help him run the state government. The cabinet consists of elected officials called the Attorney General, Chief Financial Officer and the commissioner of agriculture. Florida Supreme Court of Appeals Circuit Courts County Courts District Courts

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12 Local Government : COUNTY: Florida is divided into 67 Florida counties. Each county has a legislative branch called the Board of County Commissioners, an executive called the County Administrator (This is not an elected office, he or she is appointed by the county commission) and each county has a judicial branch called a County Court (these courts are really state run but are located in each county.) CITY: The next level of government in Florida would be city or municipal government. Each city has a legislative branch to make city laws or ordinances; it is called the city commission (or city council). The executive at the city level is called mayor and there is NO judicial branch at the city level.

13 COUNTY: Florida County Government: county commissioners county administrator county courts CITY: Municipal (City, Town) Government: mayor city council towns There is no judicial branch in cities and

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15 In Federalism, we have different levels of government but.

16 distinguish among ordinances, statutes, and acts on the local, state, and federal levels. compare and contrast the lawmaking process at the local, state, and federal levels. Federal Level: act A law enacted at the federal level (federal law) State Level: statute a law enacted at the state level (state law) Local Level: ordinance a law enacted by a city or county affecting local affairs such as traffic, noise, and animal control (local law)

17 Fill this out using the following three pages of information. And use your noggin remember what you know about the Constitution.

18 FEDERAL: HOW A BILL BECOMES A LAW 2 3

19 The real work is done in committee! There are three types of committees.. Standing, Special, Conference Standing: permanent committee that focuses on specific subject areas (e.g. Education and the Workforce Committee) Special: a temporary committee established under the standing rules of both houses of Congress that focuses specific subject areas (e.g. Special Committee on Aging) Conference: a temporary panel composed of House and Senate members, which is formed for the purpose of reconciling differences in legislation that has passed both chambers. US House Committees: ttees/ US Senate Committees: ayout/committees/d_three_s ections_with_teasers/commit tees_home.htm

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23 This one was FAST, laws usually take much longer. Why do you think it went so quickly? Any thoughts? 1. Introduced in the House of Representatives as H.R. 1 by Kevin Brady (R TX) on November 2, Committee consideration by: House Committee on Ways and Means; passed committee on November 9, 2017, as "Tax Cuts and Jobs Act" (24 16) 3. Passed the House of Representatives on November 16, 2017 ( ) 4. Passed the Senate on December 2, 2017 (51 49) 5. Reported by the joint conference committee on December 15, 2017; agreed to by the Senate on December 20, 2017 (51 48) and by the House of Representatives on December 19, 2017 and December 20, 2017 ( ) 6. Signed into law by President Donald Trump on December 22, 2017

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25 Use your noggin and see if you can fill in ANY of the blanks knowing that the state lawmaking process is similar to the federal lawmaking process.

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