AP Government Summer Assignment The United States Constitution Name Period

Transcription

1 AP Government Summer Assignment The United States Constitution Name Period Directions: AP United States Government students should read the Constitution and complete the following questions directly on this handout. This assignment is due Thursday, August 27, We will discuss this during the first week of school and there will be a test on the material 1 week later. PART I: THE OVERALL STRUCTURE OF THE CONSTITUTION 1. Read each article of the Constitution. Summarize the general purpose or subject of each article in sentence format in the chart below. Article I Article II Article III Article IV Article V Article VI Article VII

2 2. Compare Article I with Article II. Which Article is longer and more detailed? Why? 3. Identify two powers denied from Congress in the Constitution. 4. How does the House of Representatives determine the rules of proceedings (the ability to have filibusters, riders, etc.)? 5. Identify two powers the Constitution prohibits from the states. 6. What eligibility requirements does the Constitution establish for members of the House? 7. What eligibility standards does the Constitution establish for members of the Senate? 8. What eligibility requirements does the Constitution establish for the President? 9. The powers of the Constitution that are specifically granted to the branches of government or to office holders are called expressed powers. a. Identify two expressed powers of the President: b. Identify the expressed powers of the Vice-President: c. Identify two expressed powers of Congress: 10. According to the principle of checks and balances, each branch of the government must have control over the other branches. Look at the first three articles of the Constitution and identify one of each type of checks and balances. Indicate where each power is listed in the Constitution. a. A power that the executive branch has over the legislative branch: c. A power that the executive branch holds over the judicial branch: d. A power that the legislative branch holds over the executive branch: e. A power that the legislative branch holds over the judicial branch: f. A power that the judicial branch holds over the executive branch:

3 g. A power that the judicial branch holds over the legislative branch: 11. The court of original jurisdiction is the first court that hears a case. Appellate courts hear cases on appeal from lower courts. Although the Supreme Court functions primarily as an appellate court, it is the court of original jurisdiction in certain kinds of cases. What are these? 12. According to Article I of the Constitution, who has the power to declare war? 13. What power does the Constitution give the President in the area of war? Part II: MAJORITY AND SUPERMAJORITY The Constitution requires a simple majority for some actions and a supermajority for others. A simple majority means more than half, while supermajority requirements can involve 2/3 majority or ¾ majority. Most elections in the United States require a plurality, or the most votes, but not necessarily a majority. 1. What bodies have the power to override a presidential veto? 2. What margin is required to override a presidential veto? 3. What body has the power to ratify treaties? 4. What margin is required to ratify a treaty? 5. Which bodies have the power to impeach the president? 6. What are the margins required to impeach the president? 7. What body has the power to accept or reject a presidential nomination to the Supreme Court? 8. What margin is necessary to accept or reject a Supreme Court nominee? 9. If no candidate wins 270 Electoral College votes, which body has the power to choose the president?

4 10. The Constitution requires a ¾ margin for just one process. What is it? 11. Identify 2 aspects of the Supreme Court that the Constitution does NOT address. These items are addressed for each of the other 2 branches. 12. Why do you think that the Constitution requires a supermajority for certain processes? 13. In article VI explain what the supremacy clause says in your own words. 14. What are the two ways an amendment to the Constitution can be proposed? 15. What are the two ways an amendment to the Constitution can be ratified? Part III: The Amendments to the Constitution The first ten amendments to the Constitution, the Bill of Rights protects citizens from the will of the majority. In other words, no majority could vote to take these rights away. They are inalienable. Read each amendment to the Constitution and answer the questions below. 1. Outline the general purpose of the first ten amendments in the chart of the next page. 1 st Amendment 2 nd Amendment 3rd Amendment

5 4th Amendment 5th Amendment 6th Amendment 7th Amendment 8th Amendment 9th Amendment 10th Amendment DO NOT SIMPLY WRITE NUMBERS IN THIS SECTION!!!! (Except for NUMBER 2) 2. What is the total number of Amendments to the Constitution? 3. Summarize the last amendment to the Constitution. 4. When were the first ten amendments to the Constitution ratified? 5. Which amendment(s) address and protect the rights of women?

6 6. Summarize what this/these amendment(s) say. 7. Which amendment(s) protect the rights of African Americans? 8. Summarize what this/these amendment(s) say. 9. Summarize the sixteenth amendment. 10. Summarize the seventeenth amendment. 11. How were U.S. Senators chosen before the seventeenth amendment? 12. Identify the amendments: a. Extend individual rights, explain which rights they extend: b. Extend civil rights (including voting rights), be specific about which rights are extended: c. Prohibited certain practices by states, be specific about what rights are prohibited: d. Changed specific language in the Constitution, be specific about what words were changed: 13. Summarize the twenty-second amendment. 14. Outline the sequence of events that occurs in presidential succession according to the twentyfifth amendment. 15. Summarize the twenty-sixth amendment. 16. How many times does the word privacy exist in the Constitution Articles/amendments)?

7 17. In the first amendment, what are the two separate clauses that detail religion? What does each mean? 18. Why DO YOU THINK that we have such a relatively low number of amendments? What does that say about the way the Founders felt about the Constitution and amending it? PART IV: AN INDEPTH LOOK AT LANDMARK SUPREME COURT CASES Directions: Listed below are seven landmark cases decided upon by the U.S. Supreme Court. Your assignment is to choose two of the cases and complete the following questions about each of your cases. This section should be typed double spaced. 1. Go to Do not use Wikipedia! Other sites are fine. 2. On the left side is a list of the cases 3. Click on the case you have chosen. This will take you to a page concerning background information about the case. *All work here must be in complete sentences* A. Marbury v. Madison (1803) B. McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) C. Plessy v. Fergusson (1896) D. Gideon v. Wainwright (19 ) E. Miranda v. Arizona (1966) F. Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) G. Brown v. Board of Education, Topeka, Kansas (1954) 1. Give a summary of the background information about your cases. 2. What is the so what effect of the case? (By this, I mean what is the most important thing about this case that you should remember.) 3. Who was the Chief justice of the Supreme Court when this case was decided? 4. What was the Court s decision in the case?

8 5. What does this case mean for people today? 6. Which amendment(s) are involved in each of these cases? 7. Do you agree or disagree with the Court s decision? Why or why not?