Intermedia Agenda Setting Between Social Media and Newspaper on Jakarta Governor Candidates Twitter Accounts

Transcription

1 Intermedia Agenda Setting Between Social Media and Newspaper on Jakarta Governor Candidates Twitter Accounts Indriani 1 Eriyanto 2 1 Postgraduate Student of Communication Management University of Indonesia 2 Department of Communication, University of Indonesia, eriyanto09@ui.ac.id Abstract Mass media has an important role as a form of public opinion. Since the internet presence to social media, the role of mass media began to experience a shift. Social media offer benefits, where the users can share and put in their agenda into the public sphere. The dissemination of information through social media is also faster than conventional media. The ability of social media to define culture and dictate popular opinion can erode the power of conventional media, as the number of news increases. Audiences that have been unheard of by conventional media begin to turn face to social media.the existence of social media has also revolutionized the work of journalism that has been functioning as a gatekeeper into a gateway. Since the development of social media, editorial authority in deciding what news will be presented to the audience is diminishing. The editorial crew now has a new habit of monitoring what happens on social media and then presenting it as news to the public. It also allows intermedia agenda setting process from social media to conventional media or otherwise.this study discusses the intermedia process that occurred during the first round of election of DKI Jakarta 2017 followed by three candidate pairs namely Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono-Sylviana Murni, Basuki Tjahaja Purnama-Djarot Saiful Hidayat, and Anies Rasyid Baswedan-Sandiaga Salahuddin Uno. Keywords: Agenda Setting; Intermedia Agenda Setting; Public Opinion; Social Media; Newspaper Introduction Controversial campaign video of Jakarta Governor, Basuki Tjahaja Purnama also known as Ahok, in Kepulauan Seribu, on Wednesday (2016/9/29), reaping controversy in the majority Muslim community of Indonesia. On the video uploaded by Buni Yani, Ahok referring to a verse in the Holy Quran, Al-Maidah 51 and said that no one should manipulate verses from the Holy Quran for political gains. The edited version of the video which was originally recorded by the Jakarta city administration had gone viral on social media. Conventional mass media such as newspapers, television and radio, quickly captured the phenomenon and made it as a central topic. The above phenomenon is one of examples the process of intermedia between social media and conventional mass media. Starting from the posting uploaded by Buni Yani which became the conversation in the community and inevitably the conventional mass media also made it as the main news. Conventional media such as newspapers, television, and radio made the Internet become a sources of information for the world community. A number of studies conducted by Eveland Jr. and colleagues (2004), Kenski and Stroud (2006) and Pasek (2006) mentioned that internet users use the internet to get more information about political knowledge and public participation. Internet existences create social media. Mondry (2008) says that the new media is a medium that uses the internet, technology-based online media, which are characterized by flexibility, potentially interactive and can function both privately and publicly. The new media has five characteristics of interconnectedness, access to 1389

2 individual audiences as recipients and senders of messages, their high interactivity, diverse uses as an open character, and their ubiquitous nature (McQuail, 2011). The new media is able to expand the scope of the effect of prioritizing top-down agenda becoming more dynamic (Groshek and Groshek; 2013). So, the new media especially social media is considered to represent the agenda of the audience. So no wonder, audiences who have been unheard of agenda by conventional media began to turn face to social media. The report of the Harvard Shorenstein Center study institute of the United States reviewed the results of a study of the use of social media in the realm of political life. The study concludes that the use of social media has helped in the creation of a public agenda as well as understanding public issues as a form of political participation and involvement as well as political issues (Harvard Shorenstein Center, 2015). Social media also changed the spread news faster, but did not change how audiences consume news (Saffer, 2013). The readers do not have to wait for the paper to come out first to get information on what s going on in the world, or wait for the television to broadcast it. Internet preach faster. The use of social media to obtain political information also experienced a significant development. The formulation of the problem in this research is how the process of intermedia agenda of social media setting to conventional media during the election campaign period of DKI Jakarta The purposes of this research is to know intermedia agenda setting between social media and analysis unit which influence during first round of election campaign of DKI Jakarta (starting from October 26, 2016 until February 11, 2017). Then to know agenda in conventional media, and to proof that there was an intermedia process from social media to conventional media during the first round of election campaign of DKI Jakarta. Literature Review Water Lippman (1922) in his book Public Opinion which begins in the chapter entitled The World Outside and the Picture in Our Heads, states that media coverage is the main source of imagery in the minds of the public on public issues in the world, Where most of the population is out of reach, mind and outlook. So what we know about this vast world is based only on what the media decides to tell us. Media acts as a mediator between the world outside and the picture in our heads. Mass media opinion and preaching generally relate to other mass media that form an information chain or media as links in other chains, which strengthen its impact, especially the public opinion forming. Neumann (1973) states that the power of the mass media is supported by the existence of three-factor cooperation, namely ubiquity, cummulative of message and consonace of journalists (uniformity of journalists). Public opinion forming process begins with the controversial news loading and broadcasting through mass media. If it published many times and the discussion topics were developed, then it is very possible to encourage audiences attraction to pay close attention at the news and make choices to address certain political issues (Arifin, 2010). Determination of the agenda has a very strong media influence on the public opinion forming, because the media put pressure on an event which will affect the audi- 1390

3 ence to consider it important. Preliminary research conducted by McCombs and Shaw is a preliminary research on the theory of agenda setting. In the 1968 presidential election of the United States, Shaw hypothesized that the mass media set the agenda for any political campaign that influences the attitudes projection toward political issues. Determination of the agenda occurs due to community needs for orientation. If prominent issues resonate with the public, then the need for orientation will increase to high. For outstanding issues, the need for orientation may be satisfying to individual experience. Even so, individual experience will create a desire for more information and people will turn to mass media for additional orientation.there are two levels of agenda setting: the first level is transmitting the protruding object and the second level is the transmission of the prominent object attribute (McCombs & Ghanem, 2001: 68). Iyengar and Kinder (1987) rely on experimental methods to advance the individual level in determining the agenda and forms associated with the influence of the media, namely priming. The original formulation of the agenda setting in recent years is called the first level of agenda setting. Extensive exploration of how the level of concern for this issue is related to the importance of the community, but does not focus on the scope of the problem. About how the media cover an issue in the community but does not fully seek the truth behind an issue. Briefly on this first level is where the media sort and select issues to be conveyed to the community and what is happening in the community. Entman (1989) emphasized the interaction of a message in the media with the audience itself and ultimately concluded that the media not only controls us about what we think, but also how we think. The second stage of agenda setting can be done with specific writing to raise a typical issue such as the definition of the problem itself, then the thing that causes the moral evaluation, as well as how to respond to the issues raised. According to Littlejohn and Foss the determination of the agenda occurs because a media must be selective in preaching information or delivering news. The determination of the agenda itself has stages in the process of delivering priority issues to be raised in the media or the initial formation of the media setting. In some cases, the media agenda interacts with what the public thinks in this case the agenda setting has formed a public agenda, and the determination of the agenda affects or interacts with what is thought by the creation of the determination of the agenda. In the relationship between media, occurs intermedia process of agenda setting, which has the meaning of news agenda from one mediator media, can influence other media (Golan, 2006; G. Lee, 2004; McCombs & Shaw, 1976; Reese & Danielian, 1989; Wanta & Foote, 1994). The main idea is that prominent issues can be transferred to a number of media (Lopez-Escobar, Llamas, McCombs, & Lennon, 1998; McCombs, 1997; White, 1950; Whitney & Becker, 1982). McCombs and Bell (1996) believe the influence of intermedia agenda setting can not be separated from the life of journalists who live in an ambiguous social world so they hang each other to mutually confirm and source the idea of coverage. A study in 2005 found that newspapers would affect Internet users at the first stage of setting 1391

4 the agenda, but then turned around and had an impact on the second level of agenda setting (Lee, Lancendorfer & Lee, 2005). Internet existence create new media, making the intermedia agenda setting process not only happen in conventional media only, but also from new media to conventional media or vice versa. The existence of new media, making public a rare listening agenda, could put in their agenda through social media. McQuail (2010) mentions the new media giving the audience the flexibility to contribute to the content, not just picking, but creating their own. This is because audiences share words and images with other users in the process of social interaction. Social media emerges as a general term for this phenomenon. In his research entitled The Agenda of Setting and Agenda Melding in an Age of Horizontal and Vertical Media: A New Media Theoritical Lens for Virtual Brand Communities in 2009, Matthew Ragas and Marlyn Roberts outline individuals can roll out the agenda through social media that has the potential to influence audiences agenda. Social media existences give a new interest of setting the agenda idea. Interpersonal conversations on public issues have always been an important part of the dynamics of the public sphere (Habermas, 1962; Katz & Lazarsfeld, 1955). Some researchers argue that various opinions about public issues circulating on prominent social media will form an agenda that impacts its users (Lee, Lancendorfer & Lee, 2005). The researchers stated that the internet acts as an opinion forming medium of internet users and public space. Kim and Lee (2006) studied internet patterns mediated by agenda setting, with conducting a study of 10 cases that had significant impacts in South Korea during 2000 to From these results, researchers found that one s opinions can be disseminated through various internet channels and generate public opinion that will affect the news coverage. Their study shows the influence of the public agenda that can set the media agenda. Kim and Lee outlined that the development of the agenda via the internet goes through three stages of rippling agenda, agenda of diffusion and reversed agenda setting. Kim and Lee s conclusion was supported by the findings of several academics Kevin Wallsten (2007) who also managed to track the relationship between the topics of coverage in traditional media with the themes of discussion in internet media blogs in the election campaign in the United States in Wallsten found evidence that journalists in traditional media discussed the theme which the bloggers wrote. The evidence further strengthens the concept of reversed agenda setting which topics that enliven the internet media affect the determination of the agenda. Methodology Research This research conducted using postivistic paradigm. In the positivistic paradigm, communication is determined by the sender of the message. This paradigm is a linear process or causal process that reflects the sender s effort to change the knowledge of the passive message receiver (Ardianto, 2009). Meanwhile, the quantitative approach is used to obtain correlational relationship between the determination of agenda in social media and news coverage on newspaper 1392

5 in first round campaign of Jakarta election. This approach used to measure the influence of agenda setting in social media to the news in the mass media, especially the leading newspapers in the country. This research uses content analysis method. Content analysis is a method for studying and analyzing systematic, objective, and quantitative communication against the visible message (Berelson & Kerlinger). The population in this study were the official social media accounts of each pair of candidates for governor and vice governor of DKI Jakarta, and national newspapers. This study only examine one account of social media that is Twitter. Twitter is chosen because it is a social network that offers its users the opportunity to conduct surveys and contribute and can exchange information in a sustainable manner. Twitter is also unique because it s a social media which has an open structure that generates shared and public conversations (Boyd, Golder and Lotan, 2009). The official twitter account of Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono and Sylviani Murni s is AgusSylviForDKI1, has been disabled since the end of the campaign period. Instead, there is another campaign account that is not registered with the KPUD Jakarta, namely SohibAHY. The official twitter account of Basuki Tjahaja Purnama-Djarot Syaiful Hidayat The official twitter account of Anies Baswedan-Sandiaga Uno The tweets from each Twitter account is collected manually and using the help of search engines on the Twitter page. The search is done using a simple programming language, for example to collect tweets from AhokDjarot s official account from 26 October 2016 to 31 October 2016, can use a simple search language from: AhokDjarot since: until: Meanwhile, the news in selected national newspapers is all kinds of article of Jakarta election in first pages of Kompas and Republika. As for social media content, then the unit of analysis studied is a post on the official account, which in this case is Twitter. Ranking of each category calculated from the frequency of possible recurring categories that are identified with online news or Twitter feed (Dunn, 2005). This approach also consider the presence of a sample category, which results highlighted issues through known samples. The concept used in this research is the determination of the agenda. Agenda setting is one of theories about the process of media impact or the effect of mass communication on society and culture. Determination of the agenda describes the power of media influence is very strong on public opinion forming, because the media put pressure on an event that will affect the audience to consider it important. In other words, the agenda setting is the news that is considered important by the mass media. Of the various issues that arise, there are issues that are reported with large portions and some are preached with small portions. Different media attention to the issue will affect the knowledge and image of an event in the eyes of the audience. Issues that are reported in large portions will be judged as an important issue for audiences. According to McComb and Shaw (in Sven Windahl, 1996), audiences not only 1393

6 learn news and other matters through the mass media, but learn how important the significance of the issue from the way mass media relies on the emphasis particular topic. Based on McComb and Shaw s agenda-setting theories have three measurable indicators of issues reported by the media (how many news from each issue), the length of news in the newspaper, and the placement of those into the newspaper page. The distribution of issues is based on the theme of the debate held by KPUD DKI Jakarta, and also the profile of candidate pair of governor submitted to KPUD DKI Jakarta. The Jakarta Regional Election Commission (KPUD) held three debates held on January 13, January 27 and February 10. The first debate, divided into six themes of social, economic, education, security, environment and transportation. The second debate, namely bureaucratic reform and public service and urban area management, while the theme of the third debate is demography and improvement of life quality of Jakarta society, disability-related policies. As for issues regarding profiles based on profiles of candidates for governors and vice governor covering personal data, educational history, work experience, organizational experience, publications, awards, and family data. Meanwhile, the second distribution of issues based on Maxwell E McCombs and Donald Shaw during the first research on the setting agenda in the 1968 presidential election or known as Chapel Hill in There are a number of issues raised namely foreign policy, law enforcement, economics, People s welfare, and other issues. For foreign policy is then changed into inter-regional policy, while others remain. Furthermore, to examine mutual influence between newspaper media and social media using Spearman and Rozelle-Campbell level structure correlation (Eriyanto, 2017). 2 6 d ρ = 1 2 n( n 1) Rho is Spearman correlation coefficient, d is the score difference between the two groups of pairs and n is the number of samples. The first stage to test whether there is a correlation between the agendas on the accounts under study is to use Spearman level correlation statistical test. The hypothesis formula in this research are: Ho: There is no positive correlation between the agenda on X and Y agenda H1: There is a positive correlation between X and Y agenda Research on the agenda setting not only stops at Spearman level analysis. To calculate, the causal factors of the most influencing variables could use the Rozelle-Campbell baseline (1969). This analysis is commonly used in social research, behavior, business, education to health. This analysis is also used to determine which is the cause variables, and the result variables. The application of this analysis used in a number of agenda-setting studies such as the Lopez-Escobar study (et.al, 1988); Roberts and McCombs (1994) and Todesco 1394

7 (2005). This method collects information at three time ranges that is October 26 until November 30, December 1, 2016 until January 5, 2017 and January 6 until February 11. In this cross-lagged calculation, correlation number are used (which in this case uses Spearman s correlation). Through this correlation, related data can be known as causality. Roberts and McCombs (1994) explains that the media agenda has an influence on the public agenda if it has two prerequisites. First, the correlation coefficient ρx1y2 is greater than X2Y1. Second, the coefficient number ρx2y1 is greater than that of Rozelle-Campbell Baseline. In this case, ρx1y2 is the correlation between the media agendas on t1 to the public agenda on t2 and ρx2y1 is the correlation between the public agenda on t1 to the media agenda at t2. Results Table 1. Results of Spearman Rank on All Anlysis Unit for KPUD Category 1395

8 The results of the research is SohibAHY account have significance, positive and strong relationship to AhokDjarot, JktMajuBersama and Kompas and Republika for KPUD issue. Overall, regardless of the time period, SohibAHY more fully and representing every issue in that category. Tweets on SohibAHY account is more complete because it contains all issues ranging from work programs, profiles to personal life of Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono. AhokDjarot account has significance to JktMajuBersama account with positive and strong relationship direction. Meanwhile, AhokDjarot has no significance with Kompas and Republika. JktMajuBersama has significance with strong relationship strength and positive direction to Kompas and Republika. Tweets on JktMajuBersama account contains all the issues in the KPUD category. While Kompas only contains eight from the 17 issues in the articles. So even with Republika which contains six from 17 issues. The articles in Kompas and Republika daily during the election campaign of DKI Jakarta have significance with very high relation strength and positive direction. Kompas have eight from 17 issues in his articles and Republika which contains six from 17 issues. For the most part, the issues raised have similarities. The difference, Kompas also raised the issue of environment and transportation, while Republika did not. Table 2. Results of Spearman Rank on All Anlysis Unit for McComb Category 1396

9 Furthermore, for the category of issues based on McComb researchers. SohibAHY has no significance to AhokDjarot. Meanwhile, SohibAHY has a significant r elationship with a positive and very strong relationship to JktMajuBersama. SohibAHY has no significant to Kompas and Republika. JktMajuBersama has no significant to Kompas and Republika. Meanwhile, Kompas and Republika have significance for the McComb category. Table 3. Results of Cross Lag Between SohibAHY with Other Accounts and Newspapers for KPUD Category SohibAHY tweets on the first period affected AhokDjarot tweets in the second and third periods. But the tweets no longer affect AhokDjarot. SohibAHY accounts in the first period also affect JktMajuBersama account in the second and third periods. The SohibAHY account no longer has an effect on the second period. In the second period, JktMajuBersama account raised education issue as the most posted issue. It s the same as the SohibAHY account did in the first period. Then in the second period, SohibAHY accounts raised social issues, while JktMajuBersama account raised economic issues. Tweets SohibAHY on first-period account also affects coverage in Kompas in the second period. But it does not affect news agenda in the third period. The tweets of SohibAHY in the second period also did not affect the news in the third period. Tweets in the first-period AHY account also affected the second and third Republican news agenda. 1397

10 However, tweets in the second period did not affect Republika s reporting in the third period. Table 4. Results of Cross Lag Between SohibAHY with OtherAccounts and Newspapers for McCombCategory For the McComb issue category, SohibAHY account s tweets in the first Period affects on AhokDjarot accounts in the second period. But there is no effect on the second period. SohibAHY account s tweets in the first period affects the cruities on JktMajuBersama account in the second period. However it has no effects in the third period. As for it tweets in the second period has an influence on JktMajuBersama third period tweets. SohibAHY account s tweets in the first period not affects the news agenda in the Kompas articles on the second period, but has influence on the third Period. While the Tweets in the second period also has an influence on the agenda of third Kompas period news. SohibAHY account s tweets in the first period not affects the news agenda in Republika second and third period. But the tweets on the second period had an influence on the Republika third period. AhokDjarot account s tweets in the first period have no effects on JktMajuBersama account in the second and third periods. But AhokDjarot s tweets on the second period affected JktMajuBersama s tweets in the third period. Tweets on the 1398

11 AhokDjarot account in the first period affected the Kompas news agenda in the second and third periods. However AhokDjarot s tweets in the second period have not affects the agenda of the Kompas third period news.ahokdjarot s account s tweets in the first period have not affect Republika s agenda on the second and third periods. However AhokDjarot s in the second period affected the agenda of the third Republika period. Table 6. Results of Cross Lag Between AhokDjarot with OtherAccounts and Newspapers for KPUD Category AhokDjarot s tweets in first period have no effect to the JktMajuBersama on the second and third periods. But the AhokDjarot Tweets on the second period affects the JktMajuBersama in the third period. AhokDjarot account s tweets in the first period have no affects the Kompas in the second and third periods. But the AhokDjarot s tweets in the second period affects the Kompas news agenda in the third period. AhokDjarot account s tweets in the first period affects the Republika news agenda on the second period. However, it has not effects the agenda of the news on the third period. While the tweets in the second period also affects the agenda of reporting Kompas in the third period. 1399

12 Table 7. Results of Cross Lag Between JktMajuBersama with Newspapers for KPUD Category JktMajuBersama account s tweets in the first period affected the Kompas news agenda in the second period, but it has no effects on the third period. JktMajuBersama account s tweets on the second period have not affects the agenda of Kompas third period. Meanwhile, the JktMajuBersama account s tweets in the first and second periods affected Republika s agenda on the second and third periods. Table 8. Results of Cross Lag Between JktMajuBersama with Newspapers for Mc- Combs Category 1400

13 For the McComb issue category, tweets on JktMajuBersama account in the first and second periods has affects the Kompas news agenda in the second and third periods. For the McComb issue category, tweets on JktMajuBersama account in the first and second period has affects Republika s agenda on the second and third periods. Table 9. Result of Cross Lag Between Kompas-Republika for KPUD Category Kompas news articles on the first and second periods has affect the news agenda in Republika in the second and third periods for the KPUD category. As for the McComb category, Kompas news articles on the first and second periods affect the news agenda in Republika in the second and third periods. Table 10. Results of Cross Lag Between Kompas-Republika for McCombs Category From the results of research conducted, the following conclusions are obtained: 1. There was an intermedia agenda setting process between social media during the first round of election campaign which started on October 26, 2016 until 11 February. The most affected account is the SohibAHY account, especially in the first period. 2. Intermedia agenda setting also occurs in conventional media, Kompas with Republika,. Throughout the campaign period, Kompas influence Republika s front page headline news. 3. Intermedia agenda setting also occurs from social media to conventional media during the first round of election campaign. For KPUD category, intermedia agenda setting occurs on SohibAHY- Kompas account period 1-2, Sohib AHY -Republika 1-2, Sohib AHY-Republika 1-3, AhokDjarot-Kompas period 1-2, AhokDjarot-Kompas 1-3, AhokDjarotRepublika 2-3, JktMajuBersama-Kompas period 1-2, and JktMajuBersama-Republika for all periods. As for the McComb 1401

14 category, intermedia agenda setting occurs on SohibAHY-Kompas period 1-3 and 2-3, SohibAHY-Republika period 2-3, AhokDjarot-Republika period 1-2, AhokDjarot-Republika period 2-3, JktMajuBersama-Kompas for All periods, and JktMajuBersama-Republika period 2-3. Discussion For the KPUD issue category, SohibAHY account s tweets in the first period had influence on AhokDjarot account and second and third period of JktMajuBersama. As well as affecting Kompas s news articles in the second period and Republika s news articles in the second and third period. Thus, intermedia agenda setting occurred in that period. That s because the tweets on SohibAHY account n the first period, mostly discussed about the candidate pair work programs of Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono and Sylviana Murni. It is proven by tweets on the issue of education ranked first. While in the second and third periods, SohibAHY accounts post more general issues rather than the work programs. SohibAHY s energy in the second period, spent more on fending off attacks by opponents, ranging from fear of debate, child snatching and others rather than raising issues about work programs. As for the McComb issue category, the first period of SohibAHY s tweets influenced AhokDjarot and JktMajuBersama s tweets in the second period and did not affect the news agenda in Kompas and Republika in the second period. However, it influenced the third period Kompas news agenda. SohibAHY s tweets in the second period also influenced JktMajuBersama, Kompas and Republika. Thus intermedia agenda setting occurred in that period. Furthermore, only SohibAHY accounts which interest in interregional policies. In fact to solve the problem in Jakarta, also requires coordination with another areas around Jakarta. For the KPUD issue category, the caution on AhokDjarot account in the first period did not affect JktMajuBersama and Republika but influenced the coverage in Kompas second and third period. Their tweets in the second period affect new agendas on JktMajuBersama and Republika. Meanwhile, for the McComb issue category, the first AhokDjarot account of the first period did not affect JktMajuBersama s tweets and Kompas news agenda. But it is affecting the agenda of Republika news first period. Tweets in the second period, affecting the agenda of JktMajuBersama cultivation in the third period, and the agenda of Kompas and Republika third period. Beside to describe the vision and mission, AhokDjarot account also used for fundraising and deliver Rumah Lembang agenda, which was the aspiration house of the candidate pair. For KPUD category, JktMajuBersama s tweets in the first period affects the agenda of Kompas news of the second period and affects all Republika news periods. Meanwhile, for the McComb category, JktMajuBersama s tweets affects the Kompas news agenda for all periods. Thus intermedia agenda setting occurred in that period. Contrary to Kompas, it does not affect the Republika news agenda. For the category 1402

15 of KPUD and McComb issues, Kompas news agenda affects the agenda of Republika s reporting in all periods. In that period, intermedia agenda setting occurred. SohibAHY account contains more activities Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono who advanced to be a candidate for governor of DKI Jakarta, compared to his partner namely Sylviana Murni. In this case, Sylviana Murni got less media exposure. These conditions may be different, if in case AgusSylviforDKI1 account is still accessible or not disabled as well as the candidate pair of candidates for governor and other vice governor. What is worth discussing in this research is the other issue, since the category based on McComb s research is as detailed as the category based on the theme of the debate organized by the KPUD. For example, the issue of flood mitigation in the KPUD category can get into environmental issues, but for the McComb category it is forced into the environmental category. That s still reasonable, because Donald Shaw and McComb s research is a preliminary study on agenda setting. Meanwhile, from the 17 issues in the KPUD category, the caution on Ahok- Djarot account only featured 14 issues. Three issues that are not contained on their tweets were issues of education history, personal life and work experience. AhokDjarot account s tweets which is incumbent candidate, relatively focused on the performance of Jakarta Provincial Government and work program that carried. That condition was contrast to SohibAHY and JKtMajuBersama accounts which present work program material and personal life of the candidate. Ahok s controversial speech has led to the allegation of religious blasphemy influenced the tweets material and news in the mass media. So that news about Ahok in the mass media more concern about his controversial speech case. References Abrar, Ana Nadya.(2003).Teknologi Komunikasi: Perspektif Ilmu Komunikasi. Yogyakarta: LESFI. Althaus, Scott L., Tewksburry, David. Agenda Setting and the New News. Patterns of Issue Importance Amongg Readers of the Paper and Online Versions of The New York Times, Journal of Communication Researc, Vol 29 No 2, April 2002 Arifin, Anwar. (2010). Opini Publik. Jakarta : Gramata Publishing. Atwater, Tony, Fico, Frederick and Pizante, Gary (1987) Reporting on the state legislature: A case study of intermedia agenda setting, Newspaper Research Journal, 8 (2): Baran, S.J., &Davis, D.K (2012). Mass Communication Theory : Foundations, Ferment, and Future (Sixth ed). Boston, MA: Wadsworth Cenage Learning Boczkowski, P. (2010). News at work: Imitation in an age of information abundance. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. 1403

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