Re-examining. intervention: Rising powers. approaches to conflict resolution. March 21st, BRICS POLICY CENTER, Rio de Janeiro

Transcription

1 intervention: Rising powers approaches to conflict resolution -

2 About: The relationship between rising and traditional powers has become strained over the critical issue of conflict resolution. Following the negative effect of the Libya intervention based on R2P and the consequent inability to act in the face of the on-going civil war in Syria, there is a growing demand for alternative approaches to future interventions and conflict resolution by the international community. Rising powers, increasingly demanding a stronger voice in global governance, are leading the way and exploring new methodologies. Among these new approaches is the Brazilian idea of preventative diplomacy and mediation. Resistance by rising powers to the concept of R2P rests on the assumption that it is a norm shaped only by traditional powers. This understanding both weakens and frames the understanding of humanitarian interventions. In short, there is a need to unlock the dichotomy between intervention/non-intervention that has had a polarizing effect on the discussions between rising and traditional powers and explore new understandings. Opening the debate on alternative approaches will ensure that future humanitarian protection, where necessary, will benefit from an inclusive approach. This Seminar will take place on the 21st of March at the BRICS Policy Center located in the city of, Brazil. It will be a one-day seminar structured around three roundtables. The first roundtable will open with a theoretical examination of issues of sovereignty and intervention focused on the theme of Protection of Civilians. The second roundtable will have an empirical approach with scholars from rising powers presenting alternative perspectives on issues of protection of civilians, preventative diplomacy, mediation and peacebuilding. The final session will be a Davos style discussion on conflict resolution from a rising powers perspective.

3 Program: 9:00 09:30 Welcome Coffee 9:30 10:00 Welcome Remarks Paulo Esteves (BPC-GSUM/ IRI / PUC-Rio) Kristian Berg Harpviken (PRIO) Monica Rafael (NOREF) 10:00 12:00 Round Table 1: Theoretical Framework A theoretical examination of issues of sovereignty and intervention focused on the theme of Protection of Civilians. Chair: Kristian Berg Harpviken (PRIO) Participants: Shane O'Neill (Queen's University) Kai Kenkel (IRI / PUC-Rio) Victoria Panova (Moscow State University Institute of International Relations) Rodrigo Fracalossi de Moraes (IPEA) Marcelo Viegas (Ministry of Foreign Relations, United Nations Division) 12:00 13:30 Lunch

4 13:30 17:00 Round Table 2: Operative concepts An empirical look at the following concepts from a rising powers perspective: 1) Protection of Civilians 2) Preventative diplomacy 3) Mediation 4) Peacebuilding Chair: Paulo Esteves (BPC-GSUM/ IRI / PUC-Rio) 13:30 15:00 Participants: On India: Varun Sahni, (Jawaharlal Nehru University) On South Africa: Judy Smith-Höhn (SAIIA) Debate 15:00 15:30 Coffee Break 15:30 17:00 Participants: On Brazil: Marta Moreno (IRI / PUC-Rio) On Turkey: Pinar Tank (PRIO) On Russia: Pavel Baev (PRIO) Debate 17:00 18:00 Round Table 3: Dialogue on Conflict Resolution Discussion led by Monica Herz (BPC-GSUM/ IRI / PUC-Rio)

5 Participant Bios: Paulo Esteves is the Director of the Institute of International Relations of PUC-Rio, holds a Bachelor s degree in History from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG, 1993), Master s degree (1995) and PhD (2003) in Political Science from IUPERJ. Postdoctoral fellow at the University of Copenhagen. Edited the books (in Portuguese) International Institutions: Security, Trade, and Integration in 2004 and International Relations: Theoretical and Meta-Theoretical debates in 2010, published by PUC-Minas. Also in 2010, published the book The Convergence Between Humanitarian Aid and International Security, by Del Rey/FUNAG. Consultant for the UNDP, State Government of Minas Gerais, CNPq and CAPES. Founding partner and director from 2005 to 2009 of the Brazilian International Relations Association. Elected member of the executive board of the International Studies Association, section on International Political Sociology. Current research on the convergence among the filelds of International Security, humanitarianism and development. Also researches the participation of Brazil and other emerging and peripheral countries in the new architecture of international security. Monica Herz holds a bachelor s degree in History from PUC-Rio (1985), Master s degree in Sociology from the Sociedade Brasileira de Instrução SBI/IUPERJ (1989) and PhD in International Relations from the London School of Economics and Political Science (1994). Associate Professor of the Institute of International Relations (IRI) at PUC-Rio and GSUMs coordinator. Experience in the field of International Relations, with emphasis on International Security. Areas of interest: international politics, international organizations, international security, International Relations in Latin America, and Brazilian Foreign Policy. Kristian Berg Harpviken is the Director of the Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO). Harpviken holds a PhD in Sociology from the University of Oslo, has been a visiting researcher at the University of Chicago (1998) and Georgetown University (2008), and is an associate fellow at the University of York. His research interests include the dynamics of civil war (mobilization, conflict resolution, post-war reconstruction and peacebuilding), migration and transnational communities, and methodology in difficult contexts. He has a particular interest in Afghanistan and its neighbourhood. Harpviken has extensive experience in managing research from project to institutional level. He has initiated and led several major projects, including 'Assistance to Mine-Affected Communities' (Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, ), 'State Failure and Regional Insecurity' (The Research Council of Norway, ), and 'Going Home to Fight? Explaining Refugee Return and Violence' (The Research Council of Norway, ). In his doctoral dissertation he examined the micro-foundations of forced migration, applying a network perspective on the study of decision-making, impacts on the home community, and repatriation. Harpviken has published over 20 academic articles and a number of reports and press commentaries, in addition to being widely used as a media commentator and lecturer. His first monograph, Social Networks and Migration in Wartime Afghanistan, was published by Palgrave Macmillan in Monica Rafael Simões works as adviser at the Norwegian Peacebuilding Resource Centre (NOREF). She is an expert in peacebuilding, foreign policy and development aid, with solid academic and professional experience in political analysis. She worked as an adviser to the Portuguese secretary of state for foreign affairs and cooperation and as a researcher at the Peace Studies Group/Centre for Social Studies, University of Coimbra. She is currently a PhD candidate in International Politics and Conflict Resolution in the same university. She initially graduated in International Relations, has a European MA in Human Rights and Democratisation and a Specialisation in International Information and Southern Countries. She participated in several research projects related to peacebuilding, development issues, media and democratisation, with fieldwork in Angola, the DRC, São Tomé and South Africa. She has worked as an independent consultant in Southern Africa, published articles and chapters in books, and presented conferences in Angola, Brazil, Portugal, South Africa and Spain.

6 Participant Bios: Shane O Neill is Professor of Political Theory and Dean of the Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences at Queen s University Belfast. He is author of Impartiality in Context: Grounding Justice in a Pluralist World (1997) and of numerous articles in journals of politics, law and philosophy. His recent publications include a number of co-edited books: Recognition, Equality and Democracy (2008); After the Nation? Critical Reflections on Nationalism and Postnationalism (2010); and Recognition Theory as Social Research (2012). Many of his publications have involved the application of normative theory to conflicted societies, most notably in relation to the conflict in Northern Ireland. Kai Kenkel graduated in International Relations from Johns Hopkins University with MA and Ph.D. in International Relations from the Institut Universitaire de Hautes Etudes Internationales, in Geneva. Publishes in the areas of peace operations, humanitarian intervention, responsibility to protect (R2P), civilian-military relations and light weapons. Professor Kenkel teaches and guides in the area of international security, with an emphasis on intervention and peace operations. Is the editor of the journal "Contexto Internacional". Victoria V. Panova is an Associate Professor in the Department of International Relations and Foreign Policy at the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO, University MFA Russia). She holds a PhD in history of IR from MGIMO. Her research focuses on the club governance (G8, G20, BRICS), energy security, sustainable development as well as global governance in relation to Russian civil society. Since 2003, she acts as Regional Director for Russia of the G8 Research Group based at the University of Toronto (Canada). She was member of the National Working Group of the Advisory Council of the Civil G8 project, led by Ella A. Pamfilova in ; part of the Common European Security project initiated by High Commissioner J.Solana in Nowadays she is member of the Scientific Council and also Advisor on Strategic Planning for the National Committee on BRICS Studies, member of the working group for Civil 20/8, permanent member of the Jury for the Youth 8, 20, BRICS. Dr. Panova publishes in variety of national and international journals, including International Trends, New and Newest History, Observer, and OECD Bulletin (HSE-SU magazine) etc. She s also a regular contributor to the G8/G20 Newsdesk publication series, as well as Ashgate Global Governance and Global Finance Series. During the first half of 2007 she was a Visiting fellow at University of Cambridge, from October 2008 till January Visiting fellow at the London School of Economics and Political Sciences, June July visiting researcher of the BRICS Policy Center. Dr. Panova is also an alumna of the Asian Forum on Global Governance organized by ORF (India) and Bucerius School/Zeit Stiftung (Germany). Rodrigo Moraes is a researcher at the Institute for Applied Economic Research (Ipea) since Edited the following books: Brazil and its Strategic Environment: South America and South Atlantic ; Brazil and Peacekeeping Operations in a Globalized World ; and National Defense for the 21st Century. He holds a MA in International Relations, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 2010; a BA in Economics, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), 2001 and was a Brazilian Army s officer between 2003 and Marcelo Viegas Marotta is head of the United Nations Division of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Brazil. He graduated in Economics at the University of Brasilia (UnB, 1993). He began his diplomatic career in 1995 as a third secretary, at the position of assistant in the Legal Division, also was part of the Division for Disarmament and Sensitive Technologies. He was part of the Brazilian mission at the UN in New York as third and second secretary. Worked at the embassy in Rabat as second and first secretary, counselor and minister counselor. Passed in 2006 to the position of First Secretary. Author of "The New Role of the Security Council and Brazil," part of the book "Brazil and the UN" (FUNAG, 2008). In 2010 became part of the Embassy in Mexico City as a counselor. In 2012 he published "The Ad Hoc Multilateralism and the UN Crisis: The Oil for Food Program as a Paradigm" (CAE IRBr).

7 Participant Bios: Varun Sahni is Professor in International Politics at Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. He edits South Asian Survey, speaks at the National Defence College (NDC), and is Jury Member of the Jawaharlal Nehru Award for International Understanding. He researches and writes on nuclear deterrence issues, regional security, emerging balances in the Asia-Pacific, evolving security concepts, emerging powers, international relations theory and Latin American issues. He has been visiting professor at important universities in Mexico City, Washington, DC and Canberra. He was conferred the prestigious VKRV Rao Prize in Social Sciences for 2006, and served ( ) as the 10th Vice-Chancellor of the University of Jammu. Judy Smith-Höhn joined SAIIA as Programme Manager of the Global Powers and Africa Programme. She previously held the position of senior researcher at the Institute for Security Studies in Pretoria. Prior to that she was a research fellow at the GIGA Institute of African Affairs in Hamburg in Germany, and she later she took up a senior researcher position at the Centre for Conflict Resolution in Cape Town in South Africa. Her thematic emphases lie in the areas of peace and security, conflict analysis and early warning, as well as post-conflict reconstruction & peacekeeping. She has published widely on topics ranging from security sector reform and post-conflict peacebuilding to democratic transformation in South Africa. She holds a PhD from the University of Leipzig, Germany, and a "Diplom" (master's degree) in Political Science from the University of Hamburg, Germany. Marta Fernández Moreno is an assistant professor at the Institute of International Relations, Pontifical Catholic University of, which also awarded her master's degree and PhD. Her dissertation articulated a postcolonial reading on peace operations deployed in Somalia. She has been teaching on international relations theory and postcolonial studies. Her current research deals with Brazil engagement in peacebuilding operations from postcolonial perspectives. Pinar Tank is a senior researcher at the Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO) currently based in Brazil. She has worked at PRIO since 1998 in the area of security, with a focus on foreign and security policy issues related to Turkey in particular. Her research now focuses on Turkish foreign policy within an emerging powers framework, examining the impact of middle powers on the humanitarian and peace-building agendas as well as the construction of states identities as a result of this engagement. She received her M.Phil from the University of St. Andrews in Scotland and her doctorate from the University of Oslo. Pavel K. Baev is a Research Director and Professor at the Peace Research Institute, Oslo (PRIO). He is also a non-resident senior fellow at the Center for the United States and Europe (CUSE) at the Brookings Institutions, Washington DC, and a Senior Associate Fellow at the Institut Francais des Relations Internationales (IFRI), Paris. After graduating from the Moscow State University (MA in Political Geography, 1979), he worked in a research institute in the USSR Defence Ministry, received PhD in International Relations from the USA & Canada Institute (1988), and then worked in the Institute of Europe, Moscow, before joining PRIO in October His research interests include the transformation of the Russian armed forces; the energy and security dimensions of the Russian-European relations; Russian policy in the Arctic; and post-soviet conflict management in the greater Caspian area. Baev is leading the Regions and Powers research group at PRIO, and his research on Russian foreign policy is supported by the Norwegian Foreign Ministry. Baev has published extensively in international academic and policy-oriented journals; his weekly column appears in Eurasia Daily Monitor.

8 Notes: BRICS Policy Center Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas - BRICS Global South Unit for Mediation Rua Dona Mariana, 63 Botafogo, /RJ /Brazil Phone: