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1 Biographies Mikhail A. Alexseev is Professor of Political Science at San Diego State University. He specializes in comparative analysis of migration and ethnic conflict. His latest book is Immigration Phobia and the Security Dilemma: Russia, Europe, and the United States (Cambridge, 2006), and his current research focuses on the social and political implications of the Hajj pilgrimage and violent anti-government insurgency in the North Caucasus. Pavel K. Baev is Research Professor at the Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO). His current research projects focus on Russian military reform, Russia s conflict management in the Caucasus and Central Asia, energy interests in Russia s foreign and security policy, and Russia s relations with Europe and NATO. He is the author of Russian Energy Policy and Military Power: Putin's Quest for Greatness (Routledge, 2008). Andrew Barnes is Associate Professor of Political Science at Kent State University. His research interests include the international political economy of oil, Russian property reform, and the links between markets and democracy. His first book was called Owning Russia: The Struggle over Factories, Farms, and Power (Cornell, 2006). Volodymyr Dubovyk is Associate Professor of International Relations and Director of the Center for International Studies at Odessa National University. He has conducted research at the Kennan Institute at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars (1997, ) and at the Center for International and Security Studies at the University of Maryland (2002). He is the co-author of Ukraine and European Security (Macmillan, 1999) and has published numerous articles on U.S.-Ukraine relations, regional and international security, and Ukraine s foreign policy. Oleksandr Fisun is Professor and Chair of Political Science at Kharkiv National University, and founding editor of Oikumena: Journal for Global and Comparative Studies. His primary research interests are comparative politics and democratic theory. Dr. Fisun has held visiting fellowships at the Woodrow Wilson Center s Kennan Institute (2001, 2007) and at the International Forum for Democratic Studies at the National Endowment for Democracy (2004). He has published Democracy, Neopatrimonialism, and Global Transformations (Kharkiv, 2006), as well as numerous book chapters and articles on comparative democratization, regime change in post-soviet Eurasia, and Ukrainian politics. Sergei Golunov is Professor of the Department of International Relations and Area Studies at Volgograd State University. He has conducted his research as a Fulbright Scholar at San Diego State University (2004). He is an author or co-author of several volumes and articles on border security, transnational crime, and migration in Russia, the post-soviet space, and elsewhere. Dmitry Gorenburg is a Senior Analyst at CNA Strategic Studies and the editor of Russian Politics and Law and Problems of Post Communism. He is also an Associate of the Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies at Harvard University. He studies Russian military reform and foreign policy, regional security in the post-soviet space, and ethnic politics and ethnic identity.

2 Samuel Greene is Visiting Professor of Political Science at the New Economic School in Moscow, and Director of the School s Center for the Study of New Media & Society. His work focuses on state-society relations and elite and mass strategies in Russia and hybrid authoritarian regimes. Prior to joining the School, he was Deputy Director of the Carnegie Moscow Center, and he continues to write and speak extensively in Western and Russian forums about Russian politics and the intersection between domestic interests and international policy. Henry E. Hale is Associate Professor of Political Science and International Affairs and Director of the Institute for European, Russian, and Eurasian Studies (IERES) at GW s Elliott School of International Affairs. He is the author of the books The Foundations of Ethnic Politics: Separatism of States and Nations in Eurasia and the World (Cambridge, 2008) and Why Not Parties in Russia? Democracy, Federalism and the State (Cambridge, 2006), winner of the American Political Science Association s Leon D. Epstein Outstanding Book Award for 2006 and He is also co-editor of Developments in Russian Politics 7 (Duke, 2010) and author of numerous articles. Kornely K. Kakachia is Associate Professor of Political Science at Ivane Javakishvili Tbilisi State University. His current research focuses on Georgian foreign policy, security issues of the wider Black Sea area and party politics. He was the recipient of IREX and OSI fellowships and was a visiting fellow at Harvard University s Kennedy School of Government and The Johns Hopkins University s School of Advanced International Studies Alla Kassianova is a scholar working in the field of Russian foreign and security policy. She previously taught in the International Relations program of Tomsk University in Russia and conducted research and education projects in more than ten countries of Europe and North America. She focuses her research on issues relating to the nexus of identity and security politics and developments in the Russian defense sector. George Khelashvili is Assistant Professor of International Relations and Research Director of the Center for Social Sciences at Tbilisi State University in Georgia. He is also completing his doctoral thesis on U.S. policy toward Georgia at the University of Oxford. His research interests focus on nationalism and foreign policy; and transition and regional security in the South Caucasus. He is currently working on research papers on democratization and security; and nationalism in international politics. His next research project is a book on Georgian foreign policy since independence. Mark Kramer is Director of the Cold War Studies Program at Harvard University and a Senior Fellow of Harvard s Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies. He has published many books and articles on a wide variety of topics and is currently completing a book on the Russian-Chechen wars. He has taught international relations and comparative politics at Harvard and as a visiting professor at Yale University, Brown University, and Aarhus University in Denmark. Marlène Laruelle is a Research Professor at the Institute for European, Russian and Eurasian Studies (IERES) at GW s Elliott School of International Affairs. She was a Senior Research Fellow at SAIS, Johns Hopkins University ( ) and a Visiting Scholar at the Woodrow Wilson Center ( ). Her

3 English-language publications include Russian Eurasianism: An Ideology of Empire (Woodrow Wilson Press/Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008) and In the Name of the Nation: Nationalism and Politics in Contemporary Russia (Palgrave, 2009). She has edited Russian Nationalism and the National Reassertion of Russia (Routledge, 2009). She is currently publishing The Chinese Question in Central Asia (Hurst & Columbia, 2012). Andrey S. Makarychev is Alexander von Humboldt Foundation Research Fellow in the Institute for East European Studies, Free University of Berlin. He is the author of the book Russia and International Society: Conceptual Models and Policy Strategies (Lambert Publishers, 2011) and numerous articles in journals including International Spectator, Europe-Asia Studies, Journal of International Relations and Development, and Cooperation and Conflict. He has lectured in the Universities of Nizhny Novgorod and Syktyvkar (Russia), Malmo (Sweden), Azerbaijan Diplomatic Academy, and other institutions. He has also worked at the Danish Institute for International Studies and Center for Conflict Studies (ETH, Zurich) Sergey Markedonov is a visiting fellow in the CSIS Russia and Eurasia Program. He is an expert on the Caucasus, as well as the Black Sea, regional security, nationalism, interethnic conflicts, and de facto states in the post-soviet area. His publications include several books and reports, 50 academic articles, and more than 400 press pieces. Recently published books and reports include The Turbulent Eurasia (Academia, 2010), The Big Caucasus: Consequences of the Five Day War, New Challenges and Prospects (International Centre for Black Sea Studies, 2009), and Ethno-national and Religious Factors in the Social-political Life of the Caucasus Region (Moscow State University, 2005). Sergey Minasyan heads the Political Studies Department, Caucasus Institute in Yerevan, Armenia. He holds a Ph.D. in Military History; his main areas of expertise are military history, security studies, and international relations. He has written several articles, including for Central Asia and the Caucasus, Russia in Global Affairs and Insight Turkey. He is also an author of several monographs, including From Political Rallies to Conventions: Political and Legal Aspects of Protecting the Rights of the Armenian Ethnic Minority in Georgia as Exemplified by the Samtskhe-Javakheti Region (Yerevan, 2007) and Nagorno-Karabakh After Two Decades of Conflict: Is Prolongation of the Status Quo Inevitable? (Yerevan, 2010). Viatcheslav Morozov is Associate Professor of International Relations at the University of Tartu, Estonia. He works on issues of Russian national identity and foreign policy, as well as post-structuralist political theory. He has published in several journals, including the Journal of International Relations and Development, Russia in Global Affairs, and Cooperation and Conflict. His latest book, Russia and Others: Identity and Boundaries of a Political Community, was published in 2009 by NLO Books (Moscow). He is a member of the Executive Council of the Central and East European International Studies Association (CEEISA). Arkady Moshes is Program Director for EU s Eastern Neighborhood and Russia research program at the Finnish Institute of International Affairs in Helsinki. Before moving to Finland in 2002, he worked at the Institute of Europe in Moscow from His areas of expertise include Russian-European relations, Russia s policy toward the Western CIS and Baltic states, and internal and foreign policies of Ukraine and Belarus. He has authored over 130 academic and analytical publications and is a frequent media commentator. Recent publications include Russia as a Network State: What Works in Russia When State Institutions Do Not (Palgrave Macmillan, 2011) (co-editor); Russia in European Security Architecture:

4 Contributor or Contender? in European Security and the Future of Transatlantic Relations (IAI Research Papers, 2011);and Russia and the New Europe In-Between (Pro et Contra, 2010, in Russian). Yulia Nikitina is Associate Professor of World Politics and Research Fellow at the Center for Post-Soviet Studies at the Moscow State University of International Relations (MGIMO). She is a specialist of security politics in Eurasia with a focus on regional organizations. She is the author of the book The CSTO and SCO: Models of Security Regionalism (Navona, 2009, in Russian) and of the handbook Introduction to World Politics and International Relations (Aspect-Press, 2009, in Russian). She has written several articles on the CSTO and SCO and co-authored the INSOR report CSTO: responsible security (2011). Robert W. Orttung is Assistant Director of the Institute for European, Russian, and Eurasian Studies (IERES) and Research Associate Professor of International Affairs at GW s Elliott School of International Affairs. He is also President of the Resource Security Institute and a Non-Resident Scholar at the Center for Security Studies of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich. He has co-edited and written a number of books, including Energy and the Transformation of International Relations (Oxford, 2009) and Russian Energy Power and Foreign Relations (Routledge, 2009). He is co-editor of the Russian Analytical Digest and the Caucasus Analytical Digest. His research interests include energy security, democracy, and Russian regions. Nikolay Petrov is Head of the Center for Political Geographic Research and a Scholar in Residence at the Carnegie Moscow Center, where he directs the program on society and regions. The projects he currently leads include: Russia-2020: scenarios for the future, over-managed democracy in Russia, and sociopolitical development in Russian regions. Sébastien Peyrouse is a Senior Research Fellow with the Central Asia-Caucasus Institute & Silk Road Studies Program, a Joint Center affiliated with Johns Hopkins University s School of Advanced International Studies. He is also an associated scholar with the Institute for International and Strategic Relations (Paris), and with FRIDE (Madrid) and a member of EUCAM (European Union-Central Asia monitoring). He has co-edited China and India in Central Asia: A New Great Game? (Palgrave Macmillan, 2010), and Mapping Central Asia: Indian Perceptions and Strategies (Ashgate, 2011), and is in the process of publishing Turkmenistan: Strategies of Power, Dilemmas of Development (M. E. Sharpe, 2011) and The Chinese Question in Central Asia (Hurst & Columbia, 2012). Scott Radnitz is Assistant Professor of International Studies at the University of Washington. His research deals with authoritarian politics, informal networks, and identity, with an emphasis on Central Asia and the Caucasus. His book, Weapons of the Wealthy: Predatory Regimes and Elite-led Protests in Central Asia, was published by Cornell in His articles have appeared in journals including Comparative Politics, Comparative Political Studies, Journal of Democracy, Nationalities Papers, and Europe-Asia Studies. Mikhail I. Rykhtik is Professor and Chair of the Department of Theory of Politics at Nizhny Novgorod State University (NNSU), as well as the Deputy Dean of the School of International Studies at NNSU. Additionally, he is the Deputy Director of the Nizhny Novgorod Political Science Center.

5 Polina Sinovets is Associate Professor of Political Science and International Affairs at the Odessa National (I. Mechnikov) University, Ukraine. She is also a Leading Research Associate at the Odessa branch of Ukraine s National Institute for Strategic Studies. She is a specialist in security issues, in particular strategic stability and nuclear weapons, nonproliferation, nuclear programs, and Russian and U.S. military policies. She has written publications on the Iranian nuclear program, ballistic missile defense, and nuclear deterrence, including Double-Faced Janus or Nuclear Deterrence Theory in the 21 st Century (Odessa, Fenix, 2008) and Deterrence and the Nuclear Superpowers After the Cold War (LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2010) Adam N. Stulberg is Associate Professor and Co-Director of the Center for International Strategy, Technology, and Policy (CISTP) in the Sam Nunn School of International Affairs at Georgia Tech. His current research focuses on energy security dilemmas and statecraft in Eurasia, new approaches to strategic stability and denuclearization of military arsenals, internationalization of the nuclear fuel cycle, counter-network warfare, and the implications of nanotechnology for international security. He is the author of Well-Oiled Diplomacy (SUNY, 1997), co-author or co-editor of three other books, and has published widely in leading academic and policy journals, including Review of International Political Economy, Security Studies, Europe-Asia Studies, the Nonproliferation Review, Orbis, Foreign Affairs, and Russia in Global Affairs. Nikolai Sokov is a Senior Fellow at the Vienna Center for Disarmament and Non-Proliferation. From , he worked at the USSR and later Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and participated in START I and START II negotiations as well as a number of summit and ministerial meetings. He is the author or coauthor of several monographs, including Delegitimizing Nuclear Weapons: Examining the Validity of Nuclear Deterrence (2010); Reducing and Regulating Tactical (Nonstrategic) Nuclear Weapons in Europe (2009); and Engaging China and Russia on Nuclear Disarmament (2009). He is also co-author and co-editor of the first Russian-language college-level textbook on nuclear nonproliferation (Yadernoe Nerasprostranenie, PIR Center, 2000/2002). Oleksandr Sushko is Research Director of the Kyiv-based Institute for Euro-Atlantic Cooperation, Ukraine, an independent, non-governmental think-tank. During , he was the Director of the Center for Peace, Conversion, and Foreign Policy of Ukraine. Since 2004, he has been a contributor to the Freedom House Nations in Transit report on Ukraine. He served as an advisor to the foreign minister of Ukraine in Since January 2011, he is a Chairman of the Board of the International Renaissance Foundation, Ukraine (Open Society Network). Mikhail Troitsky is Associate Director of the Moscow office of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation and adjunct professor at Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO). His research interests include U.S. and Russian foreign policies, Eurasian security, and Russia s relations with the U.S., NATO, and the EU. He has published a book, several research papers, including U.S.-Russia Relations in Post-Soviet Eurasia: Transcending the Zero-Sum Game (2011, co-authored with Samuel Charap), and contributed book chapters to The United States, Russia, and China: Confronting Global Terrorism and Security Challenges in the 21st Century (Praeger, 2008) and The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SIPRI, 2007).

6 Cory Welt is Associate Director of the Institute for European, Russian and Eurasian Studies (IERES) and Professorial Lecturer at GW s Elliott School of International Affairs. He is a specialist of Eurasian politics, conflict, and security, particularly in the Caucasus. He has written several articles on conflict resolution, transborder security, and political change in the Caucasus, including for Europe-Asia Studies, Demokratizatsiya, and The Nonproliferation Review, and contributed book chapters to The Birth of Modern Georgia (Routledge, forthcoming), Democracy and Authoritarianism in the Postcommunist World (Cambridge, 2010), and America and the World in the Age of Terror (CSIS Press, 2005). Şuhnaz Yilmaz is Associate Professor of International Relations at Koc University, Istanbul, and director of the foreign policy unit of the Center for Globalization and Democratic Governance (GLODEM). Her areas of interest and expertise include Turkish foreign policy, Turkish-American relations, Eurasian politics, energy politics, and Mediterranean cooperation and security. She has published in journals including Middle Eastern Studies, Insight Turkey, World Today, Middle East Journal and Political Science Quarterly. Her forthcoming book is Turkish-American Relations ( ): Between the Stars, Stripes, and Crescent (Routledge). In 2007, she received the Sakip Sabanci International Research Award and in 2008 received the Distinguished Young Scientist Award (GEBIP) of the Turkish Academy of Sciences. She received her M.A. and Ph.D. from Princeton University. Ayşe Zarakol is Assistant Professor of Politics at the Williams School of Washington and Lee University. Her research interests concern East-West relations in the international system and the evolution of the modern state. She also specializes in analyzing Turkish politics in comparative perspective, and has published a number of works comparing Turkey to places such as Japan, Russia, Thailand, as well as the broader Middle East. She is the author of After Defeat: How the East Learned to Live with the West (Cambridge, 2011), as well as a number of articles in academic- and policy-oriented international relations journals. Sufian Zhemukhov is a Heyward Isham Visiting Scholar at the George Washington University. He is a specialist of nationalism and Islam. He is the author of five books, including The Philosophy of Shora Nogma (2007), The World Outlook of Khan Girey (1997), and a poetry book in his native Circassian, Mystery of the Soul (1999). He worked as an editor-in-chief of the newspaper Kabardino-Balkarskaya Pravda and now works at the same position at Voice of Kabarda. He is a frequent contributor to opendemocracy and his recent articles include One Thousand Years of Islam in Kabarda: An Experiment in Periodization.