EDITORIAL CONTENT. Prof. Dr Jale Tosun CUPESSE Coordinator

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1 Project acronym: CUPESSE Project full title: Cultural Pathways to Economic Self-Sufficiency and Entrepreneurship: Family Values and Youth Unemployment in Europe Grant agreement: (7 th EU Programme) Duration: 1 Feb Jan Coordinator: Prof Dr Jale Tosun Heidelberg University Institute of Political Science jale.tosun@ipw.uniheidelberg.de CONTENT EDITORIAL... 1 HIGHLIGHT... 2 EVENTS... 2 NEW PUBLICATIONS BY CUPESSE MEMBERS... 4 PROJECT CONSORTIUM... 6 Advisory Board Members... 6 PROJECT PARTNER... 7 University of Catania (UNICT), Italy... 7 Koç University of Istanbul (KU), Turkey... 8 Newcastle University upon Tyne (UNEW), United Kingdom... 9 Student Research Assistants... 9 EDITORIAL We had another stimulating and productive six months as a research consortium, which was marked by interactions with stakeholders and end-users. Among the various dissemination activities, the two occasions on which we collaborated with the Bertelsmann Foundation are particularly noteworthy. With the Spanish branch of the Bertelsmann Foundation we were able to discuss in detail how the design of the education systems affects young people s prospects to become economically self-sufficient in the future. With our colleagues working at the Bertelsmann Foundation in Germany, we had an insightful exchange on education, social mobility and the career perspectives of young people. We hope that in this final semester of the project we will be able to continue and even intensify our interactions with various stakeholder groups. Prof. Dr Jale Tosun CUPESSE Coordinator 1

2 HIGHLIGHT CUPESSE in the schools CUPESSE researchers Prof. Jale Tosun and Bettina Schuck (UHEI) presented key insights from the project with a group of teachers and pupils at the Schönborn- Gymnasium in Bruchsal, Germany on May 17 th. The researchers presented findings from the CUPESSE survey, highlighting in particular the wide variation in the patterns of economic self-sufficiency and its many dimensions across Europe. The audience engaged in a lively discussion with the Heidelberg researchers. The CUPESSE project members are particularly interested in sharing research findings with local communities and especially young people. The discussion at the school is just one example of how the consortium interacts with the broader public to ensure that the research findings do not remain confined to the ivory towers of academia. EVENTS 7 th Progress Meeting of CUPESSE in Granada As the project nears its end in January 2018, the CUPESSE consortium came together for its 7 th Progress Meeting in Granada, Spain, on June The meeting focussed on joint publications using the CUPESSE data. For example, the partners used the opportunity for small group discussions on the book chapters authored by each country team. The manuscript for the edited volume, currently under contract with Palgrave Macmillan, will be submitted this fall with a planned 2018 publication date. Based on the information gathered through in-depth interviews with three family generations in 11 countries, the book aims to shed light on the question of how the transmission of values, attitudes, and different forms of capital from older to young generations shapes young adults paths to economic self-sufficiency. Numerous other works in progress were presented and discussed at the meeting. These papers, many of which analyse the survey data collected by the CUPESSE, are planned to be submitted for publication in the remaining months of the project. In addition to the research consortium, Advisory Board members Lorraine Uhlaner, Stella Ladi, and Michael Camasso also took part in the discussions. The CUPESSE project members will reconvene one last time in Brussels on January The final meeting will include a public symposium where researchers will present the project s results and discuss them with relevant stakeholders from across Europe. 2

3 CUPESSE at the Council for European Studies Conference in Glasgow The CUPESSE project was well-represented at the Council for European Studies Conference in Glasgow, UK on July 12-14, Jennifer Shore (UHEI) organized the panel Youth Unemployment in Europe: Behind the Official Statistics. The panel Intergenerational Transmission in times of Economic Transmission was organized by Monika Mühlböck (UVIE). Both panels featured recent research and works in progress by a number of CUPESSE researchers: Emily Rainsford and William Maloney (UNEW); Mihaela Vancea and Mireia Utzet (UPF); Bettina Schuck, Jennifer Shore, and Jale Tosun (UHEI); Monika Mühlböck, Julia Warmuth, Nadia Steiber, as well as Bernhard Kittel (UVIE) and Carolin Rapp (UBERN). Emily Rainsford (UNEW) along with Carsten Jensen and Christoph Arndt (AU) served as discussants. UPCOMING EVENTS Two CUPESSE Panels at ECPR 2017 The European Consortium for Political Research s (ECPR) annual General Conference is one of Europe's biggest gatherings of political scientists. This year s conference will take will take place on September 6-9, 2017 at the University of Oslo in Norway. The CUPESSE consortium successfully submitted two panels which will be included in the 2017 conference programme. The first panel, chaired by Bettina Schuck (UHEI), is titled Responses to youth unemployment: Design, Successes, and Ongoing Challenges and includes research papers authored by 12 CUPESSE researchers on the design and efficacy of public policies as well as papers offering new insights into the future agenda for public policies addressing youth employment. The second panel, chaired by Emily Rainsford (UNEW), features papers on the topic of The formation of young people s political beliefs in turbulent times. The papers, also authored by 12 CUPESSE researchers, will pay close attention to how the experiences of uncertainty and precariousness shape on young people s political dispositions and attitudes. The panels also include contributions examining the social-psychological processes of political attitude and value transmission within families. More information about the ECPR General Conference can be found online. 25 th annual workshop of the European Research Network on transitions in youth (TIY) in Brussels The 25 th annual Workshop of the European Research Network on transitions in youth (TIY) will be held on September 13-16, 2017 in Brussels. The TIY Network brings together social scientists interested in the transitions of young people as they progress towards adulthood. In the light of the 25 th anniversary of the network, the theme for this year s workshop is 25 Years of Transitions in Youth Research and Policy: Where Are We, Where Should We Go?. For more information visit the website. 3

4 UPCOMING EVENTS ESPAnet 2017 The 2017 European Network for Social Policy Analysis (ESPAnet) Conference will take place on September 14-16, 2017 in Lisbon. Hosted by the Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas (ISCSP) Universidade de Lisboa, this year s conference will address the theme New Horizons of European Social Policy: Risks, Opportunities and Challenges. Participants can register or submit papers online. More information can be found on the website. CUPESSE Workshop on Policy approaches to promote youth employment in Europe In collaboration with DINÂMIA CET-IUL Centre for Socioeconomic and Territorial Studies at the University Institute of Lisbon, the CUPESSE Project will organise a workshop on the topic of Policy approaches to promote youth employment in Europe. It will be held on September 2017 at the University Institute of Lisbon (ISCTE). The workshop aims to discuss the roles of the welfare state, and labour market policies in promoting promote youth employment in Europe. The contributions will examine both national and European-level policies, such as the Youth Guarantee. CUPESSE Final Meeting and Public Session With the project s end in sight, the CUPESSE partners are looking forward to sharing the project findings with a wider audience as part of a public symposium on 25 January 2018 in Brussels. The meeting will comprise five sessions centred on youth employment in Europe in which CUPESSE members will present their conclusions and receive feedback from other academics, policy makers and practitioners. Detailed information on the meeting s programme and venue will soon be available on the CUPESSE website. NEW PUBLICATIONS BY CUPESSE MEMBERS Fifth Policy Brief released The fifth CUPESSE policy brief project was published in June The policy brief series aims to summarise results of the CUPESSE project and to develop policy recommendations for stakeholders and policy makers alike. The fifth policy brief, The Scope of European NEET Outreach Measures, provides an overview of outreach measures targeting a group of young people at particular risk of social exclusion: young people under 30 who are neither employed nor involved in education or training, commonly referred to as NEETs. Recognizing the need for specific measures to effectively reach this group, the European Parliament and the European Council decided in May 2014 that public employment services (PES) in the EU member states shall cooperate in an attempt to promote and share best practices of NEET outreach work. Drawing on data from various PES reports, the policy brief compares the scope and variation in NEET outreach work across the European Union and concludes with policy implications to maximise the impact of NEET outreach measures in Europe. The full policy brief can be found on the CUPESSE website. Further publications Marc Debus, Jale Tosun and Marcel Maxeiner: Support for Policies on Entrepreneurship and Self- Employment among Parties and Coalition Governments Politics & Policy 45(3), , DOI: /polp Abstract: We argue that political parties take not only the economic conditions into account when developing a position on entrepreneurship and self-employment but also consider the heritage of a socialist state, which can influence the preferences of voters regarding this issue area. We test our hypotheses on the basis of an analysis of election manifestos and coalition agreements. We focus on the German case since unification allows for comparing electorates socialized in 4

5 a market economy in the West German states and in a socialist economy in East Germany by holding the institutional setting constant. The results support our hypotheses that growing economic problems increase the saliency of entrepreneurship and self-employment and that differences between parties exist: Christian democratic and liberal parties emphasize entrepreneurship and self-employment in their manifestos more than green or socialist parties. In addition, governments including Christian democratic and liberals agree on more market-liberal policies in coalition agreements compared to left-wing governments. Emily Rainsford and William Maloney Family Matters; Intergenerational transmission of social capital in the UK Contribution to the LSE British Politics and Policy Blog Abstract: High levels of social capital is seen as central to the civic and democratic health of societies. Its numerous alleged positive outcomes are wide ranging from generating political (and further civic) participation, to promoting social cohesion and integration, to increasing employment, to individual and societal health and well-being. The neo-tocquevillian argument is that voluntary associations are crucial locations for the promotion of reciprocity, cooperation, trust, pro-civic and pro-democratic values and accordingly the generation of social capital. This model has been subject to much criticism in recent years e.g., voluntary associations may have self-selecting memberships that see those high in social capital joining groups rather than these organizations producing it. This research has suggested that there are more significant alternative venues for the generation of social capital. The political socialisation literature has argued that the family is a more central and a substantial location for the development of social and political values. While hundreds of studies have explored how social capital is generated in organisations and many have examined political socialisation in the family there is a paucity of research that specifically addresses the generation and transmission of social capital in the family and compares that to the effect of organisational involvement on young citizen s social capital. This paper makes this comparison by drawing on data from a two generational cross-sectional survey of young people (ages 18-35) and one of their parents (N906, 453 child-parent pairs) in the UK. The results show that the parent s interpersonal trust has a stronger effect than the child s organisational involvement on the child s interpersonal trust. Federico Vegetti and Dragos Adascalitei The impact of the economic crisis on latent and early entrepreneurship in Europe International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 2017, 1-26, 39-46, DOI: /s Abstract: The recent economic crisis has thrown many European economies into a period of slow growth and high unemployment. While previous research looked at the impact of the crisis on aggregate indicators of entrepreneurship, not much is known about whether and how it affected individual motivations and efforts to become self-employed. This study aims to fill this gap by looking at the impact of the crisis on latent and early entrepreneurship, as well as on the link between the two. We combine individual and country-level data from 25 EU member states from 2006 to Results of multilevel logistic regressions show that the decrease in entrepreneurial activity in the post-crisis period has been stronger in countries where access to finance for SMEs has been more difficult. Moreover, we show that the high level unemployment generated by the economic crisis has produced a refugee effect by pushing into entrepreneurship only those individuals who are not interested in such a career choice. Jale Tosun, Marge Unt and Eskil Wadensjö Youth-oriented active labour market policies: Explaining policy effort in the Nordic and the Baltic states Social Policy & Administration 51 (4), , DOI: /spol Abstract: The starting point of this study is the seemingly striking similarity in the number of youthoriented labour market policies adopted by the Nordic and the Baltic EU member states in despite markedly different welfare regimes. The similarities remain when concentrating on active labour market policies (ALMPs) and extending the observation period to , but the application of a more refined coding scheme suggests that there are also notable crosscountry differences. Estonia, Finland and Sweden are found to exhibit a relatively similar approach to youthoriented ALMPs, while Denmark, Latvia and Lithuania are more distinct cases. The similarities in the policy 5

6 effort can be explained by similar problem pressure, EUguided policy learning and the provision of EU funding. Lastly, the policy approaches of the Nordic states indicate a path-dependency. Thus, while the youthoriented policy effort may appear to be quite similar, important differences remain. Jennifer Shore and Jale Tosun Assessing Youth Labour Market Services: Young People s Perceptions and Evaluations of Service Delivery in Germany Public Policy and Administration (accepted June 2017) Abstract: While youth unemployment is a widely studied topic, many accounts fail to take into consideration young adults experiences with and perceptions of the public services they make use of. Young people s perceptions of the services they use are closely linked to a variety of behaviours such as non-compliance, early withdrawal, or non-take-up, all of which can hinder the (re-)entry to the labour market. How young people evaluate their interactions with employment services can even have impacts on societal and political attitudes, as for many young people, these experiences represent their first interactions with the state. In this study we draw on unique survey data to offer insights into young adults evaluations and experiences with public employment services in Germany and discuss them in light of the structure and organizational capacity of public employment services (PES) to deliver the programmes and services young adults need. By placing the analytical focus on young people s evaluations, we argue that although Germany is often highlighted as a highly successful case in terms of youth labour market outcomes, there is nevertheless ample room for improvement in terms of how young people assess the offerings and personal experiences with PES. PROJECT CONSORTIUM Advisory Board Members Prof. Lorraine Uhlaner is Professor of Management, specializing in Entrepreneurship and Family Business, at EDHEC Business School on the Lille campus in Roubaix, France. She has taught a wide range of topics in family business, entrepreneurship (especially growth management), innovation management, corporate governance, organization performance and research methods, at both the Masters and PhD levels. Her current research interests include responsible ownership and corporate governance in family businesses and other privately-held firms. Within the realm of SME s, her research is wide-reaching, also covering topics such as corporate social (especially environmental) responsibility, innovation and knowledge management and business succession. A second research stream focuses on prediction of individual (social) entrepreneurial behaviour, especially multi-level research which examines informal (cultural) and formal institutional influences. She received her PhD in Organization Psychology from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. Her research has been published in journals such the Journal of International Business Studies, Journal of Business Ethics, Family Business Review, Corporate Governance: An International Review, Small Business Economics Journal, Journal of Business Venturing, and Journal of Small Business Management. Professor Uhlaner has served as a member of the CUPESSE Academic Advisory Board since its inception in In addition to attending numerous progress meetings, she has provided feedback on working papers. Currently, she is actively colloborating on two sub-projects with CUPESSE team members examining possible determinants of youth entrepreneurship (including the concept of grit) and young people s choices to remain involved in family businesses. 6

7 PROJECT PARTNER University of Catania (UNICT), Italy The CUPESSE team at the University of Catania is composed of five members: Maurizio Caserta, Francesco Reito, Simona Monteleone, Livio Ferrante and Salvatore Spagano. Maurizio is a full Professor of Economics at the University of Catania. Educated in Italy (Catania and Naples) and UK (Cambridge and London), he has published in various fields ranging from growth theory and local development to the economics of culture and the economics of institutions. He sits on the Board of two foundations: the Fondazione Sicilia and the Fondazione RES (Ricerche Economiche e Sociali in Sicilia) and is active in the political and social arena. Francesco is an Assistant Professor of Economics at the University of Catania. He received his PhD from the University of Napoli Federico II (Italy), and his master s degree from the Catholic University of Louvain (Belgium). He has published articles on finance and development economics and teaches economics courses for graduate and master students. Simona is a researcher of Economics at the University of Catania. Educated in Italy (Catania and Naples) and UK (Manchester), she has published in various fields ranging from economic growth to labour economics. Her primarily research topics are brain drain and the shadow economy. Salvatore earned his PhD. in Political Economy and Legal Order at the School of Advanced Studies at Pavia. His interests deal with institutions, history of economic thought, information asymmetry and electoral rules. Currently, he works at the University of Catania, where he teaches a course in Institutional Economics. Just like all the other partners, the UNICT team has worked on the implementation of the main CUPESSE survey in Italy. As well as contributing to the general analysis and interpretation of the data, the team has focused on the Italian data trying to make sense of the Italian specificities. As a matter of fact, Italy has many distinctive features when it comes to the labour market and the family system. In particular, the country has one of the highest NEET rates in Europe and also one of highest percentages of young adults who are still living at home at a later age. It therefore makes sense to examine whether Italian families have made and still make a significant impact on the ability of young people to acquire economic self-sufficiency at a sensible time in their life. A paper investigating this particular relation is going to be presented at the annual conference of the Italian Economic Society. The team has also devoted some attention to a theoretical model explaining the decisions of families in the field of value transmission. It should not be taken for granted that families transmit their acquired values. They may nevertheless be aware of the inadequacy of those values, especially when it comes to enhancing their children s chances of reaching economic self-sufficiency. There might be cases when this shift in value transmission is particularly costly and cases when it is not. The development of such a model is pursued in a paper, which the team is presenting at the EAEPE annual conference in Budapest. of self-sufficiency. Livio is a post-doctoral research fellow at the University of Catania, where he received his PhD in Economics and Management. Although his research interests are broad, he is particularly interested in regional policies, health economics, youth unemployment and measures 7

8 Koç University of Istanbul (KU), Turkey The team at Koç University consists of seven members: Prof. Zeynep Cemalcılar, Prof. Nebi Sümer, Murat Kezer, Bihter Niğdeli, Haluk Mert Bal and Ekin Seçinti. Zeynep is an Associate Professor of social psychology at Koç University. She received her PhD Degree in Social Psychology from The University of Texas at Austin in Zeynep is interested in studying social psychological theories and issues as processes applied to real world situations, particularly understanding the daily lives of youth. Her most recent research focuses on youth autonomy and self-sufficiency, subjective socioeconomic status, brief social psychological interventions, culture prosocial behavior and role of technology in the social life. She has worked as a researcher and PI in a number of largescale studies and published in numerous psychology and sociology journals. She is the co-founder of the Social Interactions and Media Lab at Koç University. She also works closely with various NGOs, like the Mother-Child Education Foundation and the Education Reform Initiative. Zeynep is the country PI of the CUPESSE project. Nebi is Professor of Psychology at Middle East Technical University, Turkey. He received a master s degree in Developmental Psychology in 1988 from Hacattepe University and PhD in Social Psychology from Kansas State University in He was a visiting Fulbright professor at Cornell University from He is a social/developmental psychologist with research interests in parenting, attachment across the lifespan, multivariate statistics, aberrant driver behaviors, and the effects of unemployment. He has been involved in several national and international projects, and has published numerous journal articles, book chapters, and books in his areas of research interest. He served as a consultant and scientific committee member in many national and international organizations, such the Turkish National Police Traffic Safety Research Centre and the European Federation of Psychologists Associations. He is also a member of the Science Academy Association. Murat is a Master s student of social psychology at Koç University. He received a BA in Guidance and Psychological Counselling from Boğaziçi University in His current research interests are the psychology of social class, morality, and interpersonal perception. Bihter is a Master s student of Social Psychology at Koc University. She received a double BA degree in Psychology and Business Administration from Koc University in Her current research interests are self-regulation, environmental psychology and prosocial behaviour. Ekin is a PhD student in the Clinical Psychology program at Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis. She completed her BA in Psychology at Koc University and her MSc in Foundations of Clinical Psychology and Mental Health at University of Sussex. Her current research focuses on the relationship between cancer patients and their family caregivers. She is also interested in systematic and meta-analytic reviews. Mert is a PhD candidate at the Design, Technology, and Society program at Koç University. He completed a BA in Philosophy, BS in Sociology and an MSc in Social Policy from Middle East Technical University, Turkey. His doctoral studies focus on citizen media, digital journalism, social movements and humanitarian technology projects. His research interests also include political economy of media, intellectual property, immaterial labour, labour studies and science and technology studies. Within the CUPESSE project, he has been involved in the process of qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews conducted with families in Turkey. 8

9 Newcastle University upon Tyne (UNEW), United Kingdom The CUPESSE team at the Newcastle University consists of Professor William Maloney and Dr Emily Rainsford. William is Professor of Politics and Head of the School of Geography, Politics, and Sociology at Newcastle University. He has played a leading role in several international research projects including, Citizen, Involvement, Democracy, the EU Network of Excellence CONNEX, and INTEREURO and has held visiting professorships in Antwerp, Ljubljana and Mannheim. In May 2017 he chaired the Academy of Finland, Strategic Research Council Changing Society and Active Citizenship Programme Scientific Panel, and was an Executive Committee member of the European Consortium for Political Research (2009/12). His research interests include organized interests politics, social capital, political participation, and the professionalization of civil society organizations. Professor Maloney has published over 80 research outputs, including 11 authored/edited books. Within UPESSE he is particularly interested in the development and (potential) intergenerational transmission of social capital. Active Citizenship policies in the EU. Her research interests include political attitudes and behaviour, and especially exploring these from a youth perspective and how these play out in different institutional settings. Within CUPESSE she is particularly interested in the intergenerational transmission of civic and political attitudes and behaviours from parent to child. Student Research Assistants Manon Uffelmann is a master s student of Political Science and Sociology at Heidelberg University. In her studies, she focuses on quantitative research methods and policy analysis in the fields of environmental and social policy. Within the CUPESSE project she has conducted research on differing public employment services and active labour market policies for young people across Europe. She also worked on a report on the consequences of young adults unemployment. Emily is a post-doctoral Research Associate in the Politics Department at Newcastle University working on the CUPESSE project. She has been coordinating both the qualitative and quantitative data collection for the UK team, been in charge of youth proofing the UK survey and written the report on the diffusion and effect of education and training policy in the EU. Before joining CUPESSE, Emily completed her MSc (2010) and PhD (2014) in Politics at Southampton University and her BA in Politics and Philosophy (2009) at Sheffield University. During her PhD Emily was involved in various research projects, gaining both qualitative and quantitative data collection experience, such as the Caught in the Act: Contextualising Contestation project surveying demonstrators. She also took time out from her PhD to do policy related work taking up an ESRC funded internship in the Cabinet Office Mutuals Team and to contribute to an EU project 9

10 CUPESSE consortium partners University of Catania Heidelberg University Mannheim Centre for European Social Research (MZES) University of Granada University of Vienna Pompeu Fabra University of Barcelona University of Economics, Prague University of Bern Koç University of Istanbul Aarhus University University of Newcastle upon Tyne Central European University European Research and Project Office GmbH (Eurice) Disclaimer The CUPESSE project (Project Identifier: ) is funded by the European Commission under the Seventh Framework Programme. The content of this newsletter cannot be considered as the European Commission s official position and neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the European Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of it; its content is the sole responsibility of the CUPESSE project partners. Although the CUPESSE consortium endeavours to deliver high quality, no guarantee can be given regarding the correctness and completeness of the content of this newsletter due to its general informational character. The CUPESSE consortium is not responsible and may not be held accountable for any loss suffered as a result of reliance upon the content of this newsletter. Newsletter team Prof. Dr Jale Tosun Heidelberg University jale.tosun@ipw.uni-heidelberg.de Institute of Political Science Dr Jennifer Shore Heidelberg University jennifer.shore@ipw.uni-heidelberg.de Institute of Political Science Sabine Dier European Research and Project Office GmbH (Eurice) s.dier@eurice.eu 10