Essential Questions: SS8CG1 The student will describe the role of citizens under Georgia s constitution
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1 Lesson Two: Rights and Responsibilities as Citizens SS8CG1 The student will describe the role of citizens under Georgia s constitution Essential Questions: 1. Explain the basic structure of the Georgia state constitution. 1. Explain the basic structure of the Georgia state constitution. 2. Explain the concepts of separation of powers and checks and balances. 3. Describe the rights and responsibilities of citizens. 4. Explain voting requirements and elections in Georgia. 5. Explain the role of political parties in government. 2. Discuss the concepts of separation of powers and checks and balances. 3. Describe the rights and responsibilities of citizens. 4. Illustrate voting requirements and elections in Georgia. 5. Defend the role of political parties in government.
2 The government gives to us, American citizens, the status of citizenship. If your parents are U S citizens or if you were born in the United States, then you are a U.S. citizen. Citizens are entitled to all of the protections and rights provided by the federal and state constitutions. These rights include: Freedom of speech Right to bear arms Freedom of religion Right to a speedy trial What is a Citizen? Any member of a political system in which people have a voice in government
3 Naturalized citizens are foreign nationals (those who were born in other countries) who choose to become American citizens and give up their citizenship in birth country. To apply for citizenship a person must: Be at least 18 years of age Lived in the United States for at least 5 years Entered the country legally AKS: 44c Differentiate the rights from the responsibilities of citizens
4 AKS: 44c Differentiate the rights from the responsibilities of citizens Foreign Nationals who wish to become American citizens must then meet certain requirements: Be able to read, write and speak in English Have a knowledge and understanding of U.S. history and government Good moral character; A belief in the principles of the U.S. Constitution. Taking an oath of allegiance is the final step
5 AKS: 44c Differentiate the rights from the responsibilities of citizens As citizens of the United States we have certain basic responsibilities. 1. Pay federal, state and local taxes to fund the services that the government provides 2. Includes participation in government by running for office if you so choose, or voting for candidates for office 3. Defending the nation against its enemies. All young men are required to register with the Selective Service board when they turn eighteen.
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7 AKS: 44d voting qualifications and elections in Georgia The major influence on government decisionmaking is made at the polls on elections day by people who vote. To register to vote in Georgia: 18 yrs of age Citizen of United States/ Legal resident of Georgia and the county they vote in
8 AKS: 44d voting qualifications and elections in Georgia Voting in national, state, and local elections takes place according to the Georgia Election Code. The Secretary of State, (chief election official) makes sure candidates meet the qualifications to run for office. The secretary of state s job is to schedules elections prints ballots provides all election materials to Georgia counties. After an election, the secretary of state checks the results in each county and publishes them.
9 AKS: 44d voting qualifications and elections in Georgia A general election is held in November in at least every even-numbered year (ie: 2012). This is when major federal and state officials are selected. Other elections are held as needed to select public officials at all levels of government: national, state, county, or city. Citizens by voting, influence all of government. No matter what the purpose of an election, low voter turnout is a matter of serious concern. Why?
10 In a democratic decision making, a MAJORITY vote is generally used to determine the outcome. A majority is any number greater than fifty percent plus one of the total persons voting. In special cases government may require a specific majority such as two-thirds of the total persons voting.
11 When there are more than two candidates, some states allow the one who gets more votes than anyone else to be the winner, even if it is not a majority. This is called PLURALITY. Hint. Georgia does not allow election by plurality, rather a runoff election must be held between the two top vote getters.
12 AKS 44E: Defend the role of political parties in government Political parties are organized groups who share common ideals and who seek to influence government policies and decisions by electing members of their party to government office. The first political parties in the country were the Federalist and the Antifederalist who fought over the powers of a central government as the U.S. Constitution was being written and ratified. While these early political parties have changed over the years, we have maintained a two-party system.
13 AKS 44E: Defend the role of political parties in government Two Party System: America has two major political parties Republican party Democratic party Member of these groups share common beliefs about government s role in American life and the policies that government should support. People who are not members of these two parties are referred to as Independents.
14 AKS 44E: Defend the role of political parties in government Minor political parties that do not have enough members to win major elections, however, do have an important role in the democratic process. They bring attention to specific ideas, and their ideas influence the thinking and principles of party leaders of the two major political parties. Videhttp://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=05F8E7F5-34B7-420D-9BA &blnFromSearch=1&productcode=USo
15 AKS 44E: Defend the role of political parties in government Interest groups are people who share common goals and objectives on issues related to their goals and objectives, who band together to influence government policies. Unlike political parties, interest groups do not typically exist to elect their representatives to government positions: instead, they try to influence office holders to act in a certain way when their issues arise. Interest groups use basic persuasive tactics to influence government decisions making. They have LOBBYIST, people who are paid to represent them in Washington or Atlanta.
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