Index. Index. More information. in this web service Cambridge University Press

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1 actor-network theory, Adbusters, 7, 180 affordances, 9, 68 agenda strength, 61 62, G20 Meltdown and, Put People First (PPF) and, Anderson, Chris, 154 Arab Spring, Battle of Seattle, 4, Benkler, Yochai, 34 bit.ly, 91 branding, organizational hybridity and, 51 clicktivism, 14, 40, 53, 114 Climate Action Network-International (CAN), 99 Climate Camp encampment, 63, 70, 99 climate change, protests about, See also environment, globalization and Climate Justice Action (CJA), 99 Climate Justice Now! (CJN), 99 Coldplay (rock band), 11 co-link analysis, 61 62, 77 82, See also hyperlink analysis collective action, 3 definition of, logic of, 27 28, 196 collective action frames, 6, analysis of, collective action networks as contentious action network type, 11, 12 13, 46f digital media in, 33, organizational processes and, 31 organizationally brokered, 12 13, 46 sustainable and effective, 33 typology of, communication in contentious action, 8 10 organization and, 198 as organization, 8 9, 10, 198 personalized, 16 communication technologies. Seeinformation and communication technologies connective action, 2 3, 5, 16, 31 crowd-enabled, 13, definition of, global crises and, 4 5 logic of, 10, 28, organizationally enabled, 13, 48 connective action networks, 9 10, 14, 16, 32, 36, 42, 52 53, 61 62, 99, 114, See also crowd-enabled networks; organizationally enabled networks adaptation, 45, 49 conflicts and, 17 digital mechanisms in, 9, 43, 45, 67 72, 89 90, digital media in, key questions about, 15 layers of technologies in, in London and Copenhagen, 101 networking mechanisms in, personal action frames and, 36 38, political capacity and, 3, 17, 53, 58, 61, 87, 121, 156 political context and, , , power and, 17,

2 236 connective action networks (cont.) scaling up of, 16, 36, 57 sustainability and, 16, 17, 53, 57, 59, 114 typology of, ConsiderIt platform, 206, 208 contentious action networks digital media in, layering and overlap of, 48 typology of, 10 14, contentious politics analytical fallacies about, 93 ideal organization of, models of action in, personalization in, 5 8, 55 57, 197 role of communication in, 8 10, surge of interest in networks and, 44 COP15. SeeUN Climate Conference, Copenhagen, 2009 (COP15) core activists, 204. Seeprotest organizers crowd-enabled connective action, 13, 46 48, 198 crowd-enabled network organizations, 12, 89 crowd-enabled networks, 46 48, 87, See also connective action networks as contentious action network type, 12, 13, 46f, personal action frames in, 38 power signatures in, role of conventional organizations in, 45 cutting the diamond, , 156, 202. See also organizationally enabled networks fair trade and, 126 December 12, 2009, climate change protests, 100. Seealso12dec09 digital media in, Democracia real YA!, digital mechanisms, as actants, 43, on different platforms, 43, 90 as networking mechanisms, 43 in Twitter, on websites, digital media, 1, 4, 7, 16. Seealsoinformation and communication technologies confusion about, dynamics of action and, 28 measuring use of, 67 68, in networks characterized by connective vs. collective logic, value of networking via, 30 digital media and contentious politics. See social media and contentious action digital networking mechanisms, 90. Seealso networking mechanisms; Twitter digital networks, as DNA of personalized politics, digital technologies, collective action and, digitally enabled action networks differences in organizational patterns of, 22 organizational patterns of, 22 as political organizations, 42 45, digitally networked action (DNA), 5, 114, 194 absence of superiority among types, 14 future of, logic of connective action at core of, 44 multiple logics and, superiority of one type to another, 14 DIY (Do It Yourself) politics, 6 DNA. Seedigitally networked action (DNA) economic justice, 3 economic justice campaigns fair trade advocacy and, 125 identifying, 173 network power in, organizationally enabled networks and, 173 press coverage in, public engagement in, effectiveness, connection action and, 52 53, principle, 153 electoral politics, engagement signatures, 119, 141 engagement strength, 60 61, 62, environment issue networks, , environment, globalization and, 2, 4 5. See also climate change fair trade advocacy, 125 Fair Trade Labeling Organization (FLO), 125 fair trade networks, , M mobilization, financial transactions tax. SeeRobin Hood Tax campaign free-rider problem, 31 32, 34 Friends of the Earth, 19 G20 London Summit protests, 49, G20 Meltdown, 40, action framing by, agenda strength of, as case of organizationally brokered action, communication to individuals in mobilization process, 64

3 237 engagement strength of, network stability of, network strength of, technology interfaces, gatekeeping, Twitter protest space, gatekeeping organizations, 129 Gladwell, Malcolm, 93 global crises, connective action and, 4 5 Global Justice Movement, 5, 44 global justice protests, 4 globalization, non-governmental organizations and, hashtag#cop15, 101. SeealsoDecember 12, 2009, climatechangeprotests changing dynamics in, 108 links in crosscutting mechanisms, hashtags (#), Twitter, 90 91, 101, as crosscutting networking mechanisms, 96 as digital mechanisms, dynamics in, 97 gatekeeping in, 96 97, 105 thewave, hive plot network mapping method, hub-and-spoke network, hyperlink analysis, Seealsoco-link analysis co-link analysis in, 61 62, 77 82, interactor analysis in, issue-centered vs. solidarity networks, 84, network power analysis and, 157 reading network maps in, 77 82, hyperlinks, 91, as indicators of recognition, influence, and prestige in, 61 62, 75, 157 mapping of, 9 Icelandic banking crisis ( ), 12 individualization, contentious action and, 1, 24, Indymedia, 30 inequality, rise in, 5 information and communication technologies. See also digital media dynamics of connective action and, 44 organizational communication and, 11, inlink distributions, , 172 interpersonal networks, issue advocacy organizations, 114, Issue Crawler, 78, issue frames, 6 issue networks issue-centered vs. solidarity networks, 84, mapping, 77 82, measuring, sampling, Juris, Jeffrey, Keynes, John Maynard, 167 Kickstarter platform, 208, 209 Die Klima Allianz, 130, 131 Klimaforum09, 99 Latour, Bruno, lifestyle politics, 56 links. Seehyperlinks logic of aggregation, logic of collective action, Seealso collective action defining, logic of connective action 10, Seealso connective action defining, DNA at core of, 44 public action and, 36 los indignados (Spain), 2, 4, 12, 20 21, 38, 41 42, 155, 201 levels of communication with outside publics and, levels of WUNC and, media coverage, measuring, 75, Meltdown. SeeG20 Meltdown memes, mesomobilization, 202 Milgram, Stanley, Morozov, Evgeny, 92, 93 Muslim Brotherhood, 49, 201 network maps, 132, 134 drawing, network of networks, 70 71, analyzing power in, configurations of dense, Occupy protests as case of, network organization, 16 17, 89 92, network power. Seealsopower contested conceptions of, in economic justice campaigns, in organizationally enabled networks,

4 238 network power signatures, Seealso power signatures measures for campaign networks, varieties of, network routines, 9 network stability, Put People First (PPF) and, network strength, 61 62, networking, value of, via digital media, 30 networking mechanisms, Seealso digital mechanisms; digital networking mechanisms in connective action networks, discursive and technological forms of, 9, 43 organizational role of, 9, 43, 90, 101 networks advocacy, conflicts and dysfunctions in, crowd-enabled connective action of, examining forms of, 9 issue, 84, 119, , organizationally enabled, 89 power and, power signatures of, 157, solidarity, 61 62, 77 82, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), 2 engagement of publics and, 119 globalization and, growth of, political dilemma of, public digital communication of, 115 websites of, 115 Occupy protests (U.S.), 2, 4, 12, 41 42, activists and, beginnings of, as case of crowd-enabled action, evaluating, 210 meeting rituals, 208 as network of networks, power signature of, Olson, Mancur, 31 32, 34 Oracle of Bacon, The, organizational conflicts, organizational hybridity, branding and, 51 organizational logics collective, connective, overlap and class of, 18 organizationally brokered action networks, 87 digital media in, 33 G20 Meltdown as case of, 63 power signatures in, organizationally brokered collective action, 13, 46 organizationally brokered networks, power signatures in, organizationally brokered organizations, 11 organizationally enabled connection action, 13, 48, 116 Put People First protest as case of, 63 Robin Hood Tax campaign as, the Wave protest as case of, organizationally enabled network organization, 11 organizationally enabled networks, 46f, 48, 87, 89, 116, 198. Seealsoconnective action networks assessing campaign outcomes in, as contentious action network type, 11, 13 cutting the diamond and, 124, , 156, 158 economic justice campaigns and, 173 environment issue networks as case of, 114, media coverage and, 199 methods of engaging publics by, power signatures in, press coverage and, 75 public engagement and, role of conventional organizations in, 45 organizationally enabled public engagement, fundamental questions for, 122 Oxfam, 11, 19 Pareto, Alfredo, 153 peer production, 34, personal action frames, 6, 24 in connective action, in crowd-enabled networks, 38, in organizationally enabled networks, 48, 124 social media networks and, spreading of, 39 personalization digitally mediated engagement and, 8 10, 14 digitally meditated politics, origins of, organizational political communication and, 57, 59 organizing political action and, personalized communication dilemmas of, elements of, organizational communication and, 59 62, 64

5 239 as political form, 42 Put People First (PPF) and, personalized politics, 6 challenges for protest organizers, 57 digital networks as DNA of, origins of, 24 phenomenon of, 5 6 political action and, 2, political capacity, connective action and, 58, 61, 156 political conditions, connective action and, , , political transitions, organizational conflicts in, power, 149. Seealsonetwork power; power signatures connective action and, 17 in Occupy protests, in Robin Hood Tax campaign, power law, power signatures, 17, , See also network power signatures dispersed, 160 in crowd-enabled networks, in organizationally brokered networks, moderate, 157 organizationally enabled networks in, political outcomes and, steep, 158 varieties of, PPF. SeePut People First (PPF) precarity, professionalization dilemma, 144 protest ecologies, Twitter and changing dynamics in, protest organizers, challenges for, 57, views about communication technology, public engagement digitally mediated, in economic justice campaigns, measuring, , 175 organizationally enabled networks and, , , 129 publics, methods organizationally enabled networks engage, Put People First (PPF), 11 12, 19 20, 199 action framing by, agenda strength of, 64 67, as case of organizationally enabled action, 63 communication to individuals in mobilization process, 64 emergent groups in, 50 engagement strength of, levels of WUNC and, March 28 London mobilization, 63 network stability of, network strength of, as personal action frame, personalized communication and, technology interfaces, resource mobilization theory (RMT), Robin Hood Tax campaign, 3, 17, , 173, 199 as case of organizationally enabled action, Rogers, Richard, 78 Save the Children, 19 SCCC. SeeStop Climate Chaos Coalition (SCCC) Seattle Occupy, Shirky, Clay, 154 Six Degrees of Kevin Bacon, The, slacktivism, 14, 93 small-world phenomenon, 153 social media and contentious action, analytical fallacy about, 93 social media networks, personal action frames, socially mediated networks, 35 solidarity networks, 61 62, 77 82, star network, stitching technologies, 162 Stop Climate Chaos Coalition (SCCC), 83, 97 98, 130 personalizing public communication and, sustainability, connective action and, 16, 17, 53, 57, 59, 114 Tahrir Square protests (Egypt), 12, 201 Tea Party, 4, Tilly, Charles, 19 20, 59, 121, 199 tinyurl, 91 Tobin, James, Transfair USA, transition, 18 Tumblr, 7, 163, 181 Tunisian uprising, 12

6 240 12Dec09, 100 Twitter, 8 9, 87 88, as agent in and window on protest space, changing dynamics in protest ecologies and, COP 15 protests and, 101 as crosscutting networking mechanism, Occupy protests and, protest space, gatekeeping in, role of, in mobilizations, 41 as stitching technology, 162 Twitter revolutions, Twitter streams, 155 analysis of, capacity to shift organizational functions and, UN Climate Conference, Copenhagen, 2009 (COP15), 49, connective action surrounding, crowd-enabled connective action and, 100 organizationally enabled action and, URL hyperlinks (links), 91 Walker, Scott, Watts, Duncan, Wave, the, 98, 105 8, 130 Wealth of Networks, The (Benkler), 34 website analysis, 67 72, Whiteband, Williams, Rowan (archbishop of Canterbury), 165, 170 World Vision, 19 WUNC (Worthiness, Unity, Numbers, Commitment), 19 20, 21 22, 49, 121, 199 Yanacopulos, Helen,