300 reported in Wangkai, Mayom County. 200

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1 South Sudan Crisis Situation report as of 30 May 2014 Report number 38 This report is produced by OCHA South Sudan in collaboration with humanitarian partners. It covers the period from 24 to 30 May The next report will be published on or around 6 June Highlights Suspected cases of cholera in Juba more than doubled, increasing from 395 cases on 22 May to 892 on 28 May, including 27 deaths. The estimated number of people sheltering in UN bases spiked to over 95,000 after a verification process in Bentiu, Unity State. Living conditions in displacement sites continued to deteriorate due to flooding caused by heavy rains, especially in Jonglei, Unity and Upper Nile. Food shortages persisted in Maban, forcing thousands of Sudanese refugees to return to Sudan's war-torn Blue Nile State. 4 million People in need of assistance 1.4 million People reached with humanitarian assistance* 1.040,706 People internally displaced by violence 360,668 People who have fled to neighbouring countries *This includes people internally displaced, refugees from other countries sheltering in South Sudan and other vulnerable communities who have received assistance since January This does not mean that the needs of these people have been comprehensively met. Situation overview The situation in Unity State was stable but unpredictable with heavy military presence reported in Central Equatoria Jonglei Bentiu and Rubkona. Both towns remained deserted. Lakes Unity An aid agency compound in Bentiu remained Upper Nile occupied by armed elements. Cattle-raiding was reported in Wangkai, Mayom County. 200 In Upper Nile, the situation remained tense, with unconfirmed reports of sporadic shooting on the southern bank of the Sobat River. Partners are verifying reports of people returning from the northern 5-Jan 26-Jan 11-Feb 6-Mar 17-Apr 14-May May Internal displacement by state between 5 Jan and 28 May (in thousands).source: OCHA14 counties of Lul and Wau Shiluk to Malakal. Despite reports of sporadic shooting in Akobo, Jonglei State, a humanitarian flight was able to bring emergency aid supplies into the town on 28 May. Due to heavy rains, living conditions in some displacement sites have deteriorated, especially in Jonglei, Unity and Upper Nile states. In Juba, suspected cases of cholera more than doubled in the space of a week, with 892 suspected cases recorded as of 28 May, with 27 related deaths. Of the cholera cases reported, 62 per cent are men and aged years (41 per cent). The case fatality rate of 3 per cent is still above emergency threshold, indicating late presentation of people at health facilities. Community sensitization activities are being stepped up to address this. The mission of the is to mobilize and coordinate humanitarian action in partnership with national and international actors.

2 Humanitarian needs and response South Sudan Crisis, Situation Report No Partners scaled up activities to treat suspected cholera cases and prevent the further spread of the disease in Juba County. Health agencies set up a new laboratory in Juba town on 29 May to ensure laboratory testing of cases from the town and surrounding areas. In the past, samples had to be sent to Nairobi, Kenya. To improve access to prompt treatment, health partners began establishing additional cholera treatment centers in Juba, especially in the most affected areas, and are also setting up rehydration centers. More than 80 per cent of suspected cases of cholera have so far been treated at the Juba Teaching Hospital Cholera Treatment Centre (CTC) which is now congested as new cases continue to arrive. WASH partners continued to provide hygiene, water and sanitation services in hotpots areas in and outside Juba. Additional global surge capacity has been deployed. A consignment of 52 diarrhoeal disease kits arrived in South Sudan on 27 May and will be distributed to the states. These are enough to treat 10,000 severely affected people. Limited cholera vaccines and water purification tablets are complicating prevention of the disease, as well as the response to it. The new POC3 displacement site near UN House in Juba was inaugurated on 28 May and will accommodate more than 13,000 displaced people. The UN peacekeeping mission and humanitarian partners are finalizing security arrangements and site preparations before relocation begins from UN Tomping in the second week of June. In Unity State, partners conducted two inter-agency assessment missions to Leer town and Rubkuai (in Mayendit County, close to Leer town) on 28 May. Identified needs include food and nutrition, hygiene water and sanitation, health care, education and protection services. Preliminary indications showed a prevalence of diarrhoea, respiratory infections and malaria, compounded by malnutrition especially among children under the age of five. A health partner reported 1,600 children identified as severely acutely malnourished in its center within a two week period (equivalent to a six month caseload) indicating a significant nutrition situation. Priority actions to include nutrition support as well as measles vaccination campaign for 15,000 children there. Reports of gender-based violence, unaccompanied, separated and missing children were also noted. Partners are now mobilizing to respond to the identified needs. Planned distributions of assistance to Nasir and Ulang counties in Upper Nile State were put on hold due to insecurity. Basic health care supplies were, however, delivered to a public health center in Mandeng, Upper Nile State on 25 May. Assessments conducted in these areas on 21 May reported an estimated 40,000 people to be in need of assistance. Hundreds of Sudanese refugees in South Sudan's Maban County in Upper Nile State were reportedly taking the risk of returning to war-torn Sudan's Blue Nile State in search of food. The crisis in South Sudan has resulted in insecurity which has hindered delivery of aid supplies in many parts of the country. Thousands of people have reportedly crossed the border from camps affected by food shortages in Maban due to challenges faced by partners in moving aid amid the insecurity. Partners have been providing reduced rations since March. Camp Coordination and Management In Upper Nile, partners continued to put in place flood mitigation measures, including improving the drainage system in the Malakal UN base. Displaced people in flood-prone areas were relocated to higher ground. In Jonglei, preparation of the new site in Bor was ongoing, including installing storage facilities for pre-positioning relief supplies. In Juba, improvements on the drainage system in UN House sites were ongoing. Partners scaled up cholera response and preparedness in the UN Tomping site. 271,050 People reached with emergency CCCM services In Lakes State, a team was deployed to Mingkaman, in Awerial County to conduct registration in Yalakot and Kalthok, where displaced communities are moving to newly constructed sites. In Unity State, preparations on the new site in Bentiu were ongoing and construction of latrines and land demarcation began. The new site will shelter approximately 10,000 people.

3 South Sudan Crisis, Situation Report No In Jonglei, some areas in the UN base in Bor were flooded, raising fears of possible disease outbreaks. Partners have facilitated relocation of people from flooded areas. There is also need to scale up WASH services. Education Over 17,220 children and adolescents accessed emergency education services in Jonglei, Lakes, Unity, Upper Nile and Warrap states, during the reporting period. Among them 52 per cent were girls. Cumulatively, close to 102,000 children have been reached with emergency education services since December per cent of them are girls. 102,000 People reached with emergency education services 20 new emergency learning spaces were established. Nearly 4,000 pre-school children and up to 10,000 primary students received emergency education services in Jonglei and Upper Nile states since the onset of the crisis. 25 children with special needs (10 girls) were reached with education in emergency services. Education emergency supplies were distributed to nearly 10,000 students (3,476 girls) in Central Equatoria, Jonglei, Lakes, Upper Nile and Unity states during the reporting period. Access to integrated education services for affected learners needs to be strengthened, through provision of emergency learning spaces, teaching and learning supplies, including training on life-skills. Advocacy with government is needed to ensure high school students to sit for their exams in June this year. A high number of children and adolescents remain out of school due to the impact of the crisis in Jonglei, Upper Nile and Unity states. Due to insecurity in Jonglei, Upper Nile and Unity states, children and teachers are still unable to access schools. Overcrowding in the UN bases limits space for learning. Emergency Telecommunications An assessment mission to determine Information and Communication Technology (ICT) needs of partners in Ganyiel, Unity State showed that the current level of internet connectivity is inadequate for the 84 aid workers in the area. Preparations are underway to install an internet connectivity kit to Ganyiel. In Lakes State, maintenance work was conducted on ICT equipment following heavy rains in Mingkaman. The VHF network equipment was also replaced to ensure uninterrupted service of security telecommunications equipment. ETC services continued to be hampered by insecurity in Upper Nile State and delays in the delivery of new internet connectivity kit to Nassir. Procurement of telecommunications equipment continued to be challenging as lengthy import procedures and the volatile security situation frequently cause significant delays. Food Security and Livelihoods Nearly 600,000 conflict-affected people have received food assistance and 480,000 people have been reached with recovery-based activities in non-conflict states. Emergency livelihood support continued in Jonglei and Upper Nile states, with 2,500 and 8,556 crop kits distributed respectively. 1,000 fishing kits were delivered to partners to cater for 1,000 families Jonglei State. 7,076 fishing kits were provided to partners to distribute to families in Upper Nile State

4 South Sudan Crisis, Situation Report No fishing kits reached partners in Lakes State, for distribution to vulnerable families. Access is diminishing as more areas become impassible due to rains. Inter-communal clashes in Rumbek North, Lakes State prevented partners from conducting agriculture awareness activities. The pipeline supplies for the greater Bahr el Ghazal have been delayed by logistical challenges. Rains have delayed the delivery of supplies by road to Rumbek and Wau and further rendered the major road from Kuajok to Tonj East County impassable. Health Over 377,300 outpatient consultations have been conducted since the crisis began. A surveillance system was in place with 32 reporting sites for priority diseases. Over 287,330 children have been immunized against measles; nearly 177,350 children have been immunized against polio; 76,980 displaced people have been immunized with two doses of oral cholera vaccination (OCV) in Bor, Juba, Malakal and Mingkaman and 34,370 displaced people have been immunized with a first dose of OCV in Bentiu. Vitamin A supplementation was provided to 45,036 children under five years of age since the onset of the crisis. De-worming campaign reached 27,377 children under five years of age since the December Some 26,170 women received ante-natal care; 4,652 women had assisted deliveries; 485 women had caesarean sections; and 21,465 people were reached with GBV prevention messages. Health and hygiene promotion in conflict-affected areas was ongoing , 000 People reached by health assistance so far in 2014 There is need for additional staff for rapid response in priority areas and to strengthen capacity for the cholera response. Partners are advocating the government for the release of quarterly medical supplies for all county health teams. Delays may significantly affect the ability of health partners to pre-position essential supplies before rains make roads impassable. Looting and damage to health facilities and supplies continued in crisis-affected areas. Logistics Over 157 metric tonnes of aid supplies were airlifted on behalf of 14 aid organizations to Akobo, Bentiu, Ganyiel, Lankien, Leer, Malakal, Nyal, Old Fangak, and Pibor during the reporting period. A logistics cluster staff member was deployed to Bentiu to assess logistics capacity. Road conditions continued to deteriorate due to rains. The most recent Access Constraints Map can be found here: The cluster is advocating for partners to improve forecasting of airlift and storage needs for better planning. Mine Action An UNMAS team was deployed to Bentiu on 22 May to conduct verification and clearance of UXO.

5 South Sudan Crisis, Situation Report No Another mission was deployed to Rumbek, Lakes State on 27 May, after reports of UXO in the area. The cluster also cleared an anti-tank mine along the Yirol-Abang road. Mine action partners supported the government road project from Magwi to Pajok by clearing explosive remnants of war (ERW) in three areas of the road. Access remained a challenge especially in Jonglei, Unity and Upper Nile states. Insecurity continued to hinder partners ability to conduct clearance operations in these states. The rains have limited the cluster s operations in the northern states. The road from Mayom to Mayom Junction remained restricted due to insecurity. Multi-Sector Response to Refugees Partners stepped up efforts to promote peaceful co-existence between refugees and host communities in Upper Nile State. A peace and reconciliation event was held in Kongo Mamur, an area affected by conflict between the two communities earlier this year. Land demarcation for the expansion and de-congestion of Doro camp in Upper Nile continued and Construction of transitional shelters in Yusuf Batil and 236,000 Refugees receive ongoing assistance Gendrassa camp was underway. Installation of solar street lights in Yusuf Batil was also ongoing. In Unity State, construction of transitional shelters and new schools/classrooms continued. Food shortages among refugees remained critical in refugee camps in Maban, Upper Nile, with reports of elevated levels of malnutrition. Some refugees were reported to be taking the risk of returning to the insecure Blue Nile State in Sudan. Delivery of supplies to refugee camps in Maban has been hampered by insecurity. A ten-day food ration was distributed to all camps in Upper Nile State during the reporting period. Airdrops and airlifts of food continued but with disruptions. Limited road access from Juba to Yida is hampering planned road repair and construction works in Unity. Nutrition 268 locations across the country had outpatient treatment services. 27 of these had stabilization centers, 149 with targeted supplementary feeding and 91 with blanket supplementary feeding programmes. Partners have screened nearly 46,000 children (6-59 months) for acute malnutrition since January. About 6 per cent and nearly 13 per cent of these were identified with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) respectively. 107,942 People reached with nutrition services since 15 December Some 21,100 children aged 6-35 months and 18,489 pregnant and lactating women were enrolled in blanket supplementary feeding programmes in January-April Preliminary findings of the survey conducted in Panyijar, Unity State showed a GAM rate of 31.6 per cent and SAM rate of 9.7 per cent. Another survey conducted in Aweil South in Northern Bahr el Ghazal, showed a GAM rate of 26.1 per cent and SAM rate 5.9 per cent. Comprehensive malnutrition prevention and management programmes in the priority states of Jonglei, Unity and Upper Nile states needs urgent scale up. Partners continued to respond to high malnutrition in Leer, Unity State but gaps exist in the provision of MAM management programmes. Nutrition assessment conducted in Panyijar and Aweil South revealed the need to scale up Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF).

6 South Sudan Crisis, Situation Report No Protection An assessment mission was done in Leer, Unity State to assess protection needs of displaced communities. 387,277 The cluster supported a non-food item distribution for the urban caseload in People reached with Jebel Peace (Juba). protection monitoring Child Protection in Emergencies (CPiE) services have reached 47,233 children and more than 8,200 adults since the onset of the crisis. or other services More than 35,400 children received psychosocial support services. Some 93 per cent of these were reached through child-friendly spaces and seven per cent received counseling and case management services. 169 unaccompanied, separated and missing children were reunified since December 2013 out of the 2,941 children registered in the Interagency Child Protection Information Management System (CPIMS). Family tracing and reunification activities were ongoing in 14 locations. Some 1,330 people (929 women) were reached with GBV messages in Awerial, Bor and Juba. Registration of children in the CPIMS database needs to be expedited. Tracing and reunification needs to be accelerated. Partners plan to improve access to psychosocial support services in conflict-affected states. Tents are needed for the meeting space in Gumbo, Lologo and Mahad in Juba (outside PoCs). Overcrowding among Mahad displaced people in Juba poses a protection risk to women and children. Water, Sanitation and Hygiene The WASH response to cholera was ongoing in Juba, including distribution of water purification and treatment and hand washing stations in key public places. Partners continued to conduct waste disposal and hygiene promotion in Juba million WASH support continued to Cholera Treatment Centers, including upgrading People reached with WASH infrastructure in sites to ensure latrines and water points are not flooded water, sanitation and and contaminated. hygiene assistance Overall, WASH services have reached over 1.09 million conflict-affected people in up to 50 sites with life-saving emergency assistance. Partners continued to maintain emergency WASH services in sites of displacements and reach new locations through the rapid response model. During the reporting period, partners were able to reach new locations such as Leer in Unity and Jiech in Jonglei. Global emergency standards for water supply (15 litres p/p/d) have been met in 11 sites. Global emergency standards for sanitation coverage (at least 1 latrine per 50 people) have been achieved in five sites. Funding is needed to scale up (pre-positioning of pipeline supplies and increased frontline services) activities for the cholera response and prepare for potential outbreaks. Scaling up latrine construction is challenged by logistic constraints and rains. Rapid response mobile teams need to be strengthened to reach more remote rural locations. Additional qualified WASH personnel are needed. Unhindered access into current and new locations is vital for continued emergency service provision.

7 South Sudan Crisis, Situation Report No Funding The Crisis Response Plan for South Sudan seeks $1.8 billion to assist up to four million affected people. About 40 per cent ($714million) has been received. Donors during the Oslo conference on 20 May pledged over $600 million for the response to the crisis, of which more than $500 million is for South Sudan and the remainder is for refugees in the region. To donate for South Sudan, please click the link below: Background on the crisis: Violence broke out in Juba, the capital of South Sudan, on 15 December 2013 and quickly spread to several other states. Within weeks, thousands of people had been killed or wounded in the violence, and hundreds of thousands displaced from their homes. Despite the signing of a cessation of hostilities agreement on 23 January 2014, fighting between Government and opposition forces has continued, especially in Jonglei, Unity and Upper Nile states, where towns and rural areas have been ravaged by the violence. The crisis has led to a serious deterioration in the food security situation, with 4 million currently in acute food insecurity and 7 million at risk of food insecurity. For more information, please contact: Tapiwa Gomo, Head of Communications, gomo@un.org Websites: