Kurdistan Regional Government Ministry of Interior Duhok Governorate Board of Relief and Humanitarian Affairs B.R.H.A

Transcription

1 Kurdistan Regional Government Ministry of Interior Duhok Governorate Board of Relief and Humanitarian Affairs B.R.H.A June 5

2 Table of Contents:. Identification of B.R.H.A. General Information on IDPs Camps in Duhok. Important Figures of Performances in IDPs camps 4. IDPs camps in Duhok Governorate 4.. Background 4.. Establishment of the camps, Why? 4.. Numbers of Camps in Kurdistan Region- A comparison 4.4. Numbers of Camps in Iraq - A comparison 4.5. Camps Locations 4.6. Area, Numbers and Capacity of IDPs camps 4.7. The Implementing agencies of the camps 4.8. Camps construction progress, Accommodation and Occupancy rates 5. Demographic Situation in IDPs camps 5.. Demographic composition 5.. Demographic Projection 5.. Numbers of male and females in each camp 5.4. Age groups of IDPs population 5.5. Vulnerable groups 6. Camps Management and Camp Coordination 6.. Background 6.. Camps Management 6.. Security and police services 6.4. Camps Coordination 6.5. Camps construction and Infrastructure of Basic services 6.6. Care and Maintenance of wash facilities 6.7. Las mile mobile Solutions (LMMS) 7. Brief Description of IDPs camps in Duhok 8. Challenges in IDPs camps 9. Needs in IDPs camps. Priorities in IDPs camps Notes: This report was produced by Executive Directorate of BRHA in Duhok. Due to unstable situation and rapid changes, the figures and numbers might not be % accurate. The next update will be issued on September 5.

3 . Identification of BRHA BRHA is A governmental body within Duhok government structure, established in Duhok- Iraqi Kurdistan in 5 The main operational counterpart of UN agencies, humanitarian actors, service providers and government relevant departments in providing assistance to people of concern in camps and urban areas. Mission Provide and run Relief and humanitarian assistance to refugees, IDPs, and host Community. Run Humanitarian and development co-operations with UN agencies, Humanitarian actors and Governmental partners Ensure efficient and transparent utilization of government budget for the crucial, basic, and urgent needed services for the camp and Non-camp beneficiaries Operationalize the camps management strategy especially the community mobilization by community based activities, and community empowerment concept. People of concern BRHA s people of concern are IDPs, Refugees, Returnees and vulnerable host community Core values of BRHA The core values of BRHA in executing this mission are: Equal access to all services Full respect, neutrality and impartiality towards people of different religion, gender, ethnic origin and Political affiliation Objectives The overall objectives of BRHA are: To ensure efficient cooperation and coordination between all Humanitarian actors and Duhok Government To enable the beneficiaries to access the basic needs in a sustainable manner and with dignity To provide cost-effective and high quality services To ensure appropriate and equal assistance to all people of concern Sector of Focus As the main governmental entity of humanitarian and development cooperation in Duhok governorate, BRHA focuses on the following sectors: Camps Management Basic services (Water, Sanitation, Shelter, Health, Education and Municipal) Social and Community services Capacity Building BRHA Board Members Board of Directors of BRHA consists of: Head of the Board (Governor assistant for IDPs and refugees affairs) Executive Director B.R.H.A General Director of Municipalities General Director of Health General Director of Education General Director of Water General Director of Electricity General Director of Security and police General Director of Labors and Social affairs Director of Displacement and Migration Director of combating violence against women

4 BRHA Experience BRHA was established to run and manage the humanitarian affairs in Dohuk governorate replacing two governmental entities in Dohuk governorate (Development and modification center DMC) and (Emergency cell EC) which were the main operational and implementation partners of UN agencies and humanitarian actors for several years in providing assistance to IDPs, refugees and host community. So, BRHA owns sufficient experience and skills to achieve its mission and consequently to meet its planned objectives. The current core staff of BRHA has been playing the key role in running and managing the processes of emergency intervention, relief support and humanitarian assistance provided to IDPs and refugees during the recent displacement from Ninewa and as well the huge influx of Syrian refugees. In addition; BRHA staff were and still the main part of the camps construction, camp management and camp coordination for refugees and IDPs since and 4 respectively. BRHA Structure BRHA is led by a Board, consisting of members including the head of the Board and executive director. The other members are the general directors of relevant departments in Dohuk governorate as Health, water, electricity, education, security, social affairs etc. The Main tasks of the board are policies, fund raising, strategic planning, high level coordination, finance control and auditing. The Executive Directorate is responsible for the overall program Implementation, management and coordination. Board Finance, Admin and Audit Executive Directorate E & M Technical Warehouse Information Admin Accounting Syrian Refugees IDPs Camps Off- Camps IDPs Camps Management Services Community Admin/Cashier Registration Logistic/Store 4

5 . General Information of IDPs camps 5

6 . Important Figures on performances in IDPs camps Site Works Site Preparation = 8,47,5 m Construction of Internal roads = 5 km Installation of Iron Fence = 5 km Construction of Open Channels = 6 km Shelter Erection of Shelter Units = 8,95 unit Casting Concrete for floors = 48, m Building wall around the tents = 5, m Construction of Family Kitchens =,459 unit Electricity Installation of Internal Networks = 47 km Installation of Transformers = unit Erection of High and Low tension poles = 8,574 pole Installation of Main Electrical Circuits = 7 unit Water Drilling Deep wells = 47 No. Installation of Internal Networks = 9 km Installation of family water tanks = 6, No. Installation of Main storage Tanks = No. Sanitation Erection of Latrines = 8,67 unit Erection of Baths = 7,866 unit Construction of Septic Tanks = 465 No. Installation of Sanitation pipelines = 59 km Health and Education Construction of Cabinet schools = No. Construction of Tented schools = No. Construction of Health Centers = 6 No. Number of Ambulances = 6 No. Community Services Construction of Community centers = 8 No. Construction of Child friendly spaces = 6 No. Construction of Women and youths Centers = 6 No. Construction of Admin and Police Centers = 48 No. 6

7 4. IDPs camps in Duhok 4.. Background During June August 4, more than 5, people have been displaced from Ninewa governorate (Mosul city, Ninewa plain, Zummar and Sinjar areas) toward Duhok governorate because of the conflict, violence and area occupation by ISIS. This could be considered as one of the largest internally displacement in the world. The percentage of IDPs in Duhok is equal to 6% of the total number of displaced people in the Kurdistan Region, which was estimated to be 8, people. This massive displacement and in a short time have created a severe humanitarian crisis exceeded the capabilities of the Local Government, UN agencies and other humanitarian actors to cover the basic needs of the displaced people. Substantial numbers of IDPs are living in various forms of temporary shelters such as abandoned and unfinished buildings, private houses, frames, villages, irregular tents in open areas etc. These shelters lack basic living space, hygiene and sanitation facilities. In addition, many IDPs are now hosted with relatives. As a result, the host families and IDPs suffer from overcrowding, as well as the added burden to the host families to provide support. Since the early days of the IDPs influx, Duhok government has coordinated with humanitarian organizations and United Nations agencies, government and people of Duhok to receive IDPs, provide relief supplies and humanitarian aid to them. Also the government of Duhok issued a clear instructions require the provision of health care and treatment in government hospitals, and sent mobile clinics with ambulances to places of concentration and the presence of displaced people. In addition to the various challenges that resulted from the displacement process, the presence of displaced persons and their accommodation in more than 68 schools across the governorate of Duhok and its threat on the educational process (opening the schools on time) was the biggest challenge faced by the local authorities in Duhok. It is worth to mention that the vast majority of the displaced people of Nineveh live in cities, towns and residential complexes in Duhok province, where displaced people enjoy all the municipal and social services of water, electricity, housing, security and fuel and traffic and shops and cleaning services, garbage collection, their situation if the citizens of the province. These are all mobilized extra burden on the shoulders of local authorities. Generally, the humanitarian situation for the IDPs is still concern because of the nature of displacement in terms of their deployment in many different areas as well as the size of the humanitarian needs and the lack of resources and budget limitation with the government and UN agencies and other humanitarian actors. Despite the very challenging financial resources, the government coordination process with humanitarian organizations has been effective and quick and was able to cover all the areas where the displaced are located from Sinjar to Bashiqa. 7

8 Duhok government with close coordination with UNHCR, other UN agencies, Baghdad government and other humanitarian actors has been able to allocate land more than Donums to construct camps for IDPs in all districts within Duhok governorate. Up to date 6 IDPs camps have been constructed completely and two new camps are under construction. More than, families (85, individuals) are now living in these camps. Of course, these figures will be increased by completing the new camps and as well by moving more people to some camps where the shelters are still vacant. Currently, the construction process of the camps is somehow completed or close to soon. But the main remain challenge is the management of all these camps with regard security, protection, equal access to basic services and having systematic process of care and maintenance in the camps. The table below shows the numbers of IDPs in each district throughout Duhok governorate: S.n District IDPs inside camps Families Individuals IDPs outside camps Families Individuals Duhok 4, 85 7,96 Semel 5,6 9, 8,458 9,64 Zakho 7,7 46,47,88 68,768 4 Aqra,,7 6,48 9,86 5 Amedy 757 4,54,94,59 6 Shekhan,669,67 7,646 7,58 7 Bardarash,669 8,6,5 7,765 Total,5 85,6 64,85,9 Group Families Individuals Inside Camps,5 85,6 Outside Camps 64,85,9 Total 96,54 55, Establishment of the camps, Why? Generally, the establishment of the camps is the last option for local authorities, but often be the only option to provide humanitarian support and protection to the IDPs and refugees. The main factors that encouraged the establishment of the camps in Duhok governorate are: The presence of IDPs in schools (684 school building) and high density of population in these schools was not possible to be absorbed in other places only through the establishment of camps Presence of huge numbers of displaced people in a multi-story unfinished structures which poses a threat to the lives of the IDPs, especially children The lack of adequate number of government properties vacant in Duhok to accommodate the large number of displaced people There was no sufficient number of private properties and housing complexes such as Hotels, Motels, Apartments and houses for rent as most of these facilities were rented and occupied by IDPs from Mosul city fled to Duhok at early June 4 Investors and property owners requests to vacate their properties that occupied by IDPs Security and protection can be provided to IDPs in better way during their stay in the camps The delivery of humanitarian aid and assistance to IDPs in the camps is easier and more streamlined 8

9 4.. Numbers of Camps in Kurdistan A comparison According to the Ministry of Planning of KRG, the percentage of IDPs in Duhok governorate (inside and outside the camps) estimated at 6% of the total displaced people in the Kurdistan region. However, if the calculation done based on the number of camps or the number of IDPs living in the camps the ratios will totally change, as shown below: The number of camps in Kurdistan Region = 7 camp (some are still under construction). Out of 7 camps, there are 8 camps in Duhok, 4 in Erbil and 5 camps in Sulaimaniya. So, the percentage of camps in Duhok = 67% of the total IDPs camps in the region The number of camps completed and currently inhabited in the Kurdistan Region = camps (6 camps in Duhok, camps in Erbil and camps in Sulaimaniya). So, the ratio of the number of camps inhabited in Duhok = 76% of the total populated camps in the region Total number of IDPs living in all camps in Kurdistan Region =,844 person. The number of displaced people living in the camps in Duhok governorate = 85,6 person. So, the ratio of those who dwell in the camps in Duhok = 87% of the total number of individuals living in IDPs camps in the Kurdistan Region. These percentages mentioned above clarify the amount of burden and pressure on Duhok governorate compared to other governorates in Kurdistan Region with regard to all municipal service, economic, security and infrastructure projects in addition to the efforts and resources required to manage such a large number of camps. Governorate Number of inhabited camps Number of camps under construction Total number of camps IDPs living in the camps % of IDPs living in the camps Duhok ,6 87% Erbil 4 7,75 4% Sulaimaniya 5 9,47 %9 Total 6 7,844 9

10 4.4. Numbers of Camps in Iraq A comparison According to the statistics issued by Ministry of Displacement and Migration in Baghdad, the percentage of IDPs (inside and outside camps) in Duhok equal to % of the total displaced people in Iraq. No doubt, that this percentage will be totally changed if the calculations depend on the numbers of IDPs camps and/or number of displaced individuals living in the camps as shown below: The total number of camps in Iraq = 55 camp (some are still under construction). Out of 55 camps, there are 8 camps in Duhok. The percentage of number of camps in Duhok = 8% of the total IDPs camps in Iraq. The number of camps completed and currently inhabited in Iraq = 4 camps of which 6 camps in Duhok. The ratio of the number of camps inhabited in Duhok = 9% of the total populated camps in Iraq. Total number of IDPs living in all camps in Iraq = 65,856 person. The number of IDPs living in the camps in Duhok governorate = 85,6 person. So, the ratio of those who dwell in the camps in Duhok = 7% of the total number of individuals living in IDPs camps in Iraq. Governorate Number of Inhabited Camps camps under Construction Total Number of Camps IDPs living in the camps % of IDPs living in the camps Duhok % Erbil % Sulaimaniya 5 9,74 7% Diyala 4 8,5 7% Baghdad 9,845 4% Anbar 4 4,8 4% Salahaddin 8 % Kirkuk,54 5% Babylon % Wassit 8 % Missan 4 % Kerbala % Najaf % Total ,856 %

11 4.5. Camps Locations The selection of camps sites was difficult and critical because of the following reasons: The size and nature of the displacement Ownership of the land Availability of infrastructure like water resources and electricity Acceptance of the local communities The identification and selection of camps sites in Duhok governorate was based on three main factors: Availability of the land It is well known that extensive agricultural land is available in the districts of Zakho, Semel and Shekhan and much more than what is available in other districts, which is characterized by being mountainous areas like Duhok, Amedy and Aqra. So, 84% of the camps capacity (number of housing units) was selected to be in these three districts. Concentration of IDPs in various areas in the province of Duhok According to available statistics through the displacement crisis, the concentration of displaced people in the districts of Duhok, Zakho, Semel and Shekhan was more than 84% and the proportion of their concentration in the districts of Amedy, Aqra, and Bardarash was less than 6%. Therefore, 5 out of 8 camps in the governorate were constructed in these overcrowded IDP areas as shown in the table below. Because of the lack of land within the district of Duhok center it was compensated by the allocation of more camps within the district of Semel because of the geographical proximity The desire of IDPs, solidarity and social Districts of Semel and Shekhan characterized as containing since ancient villages and communities for the Yzidis Kurds, such as Khanky, Mahad and Sharya collective towns, many other Yzidis villages in Batel Sub-district, Baadra, Shekhan center, and many other villages in both Semel and Shekhan districts. It is clear that most of the displaced people who fled to Duhok governorate are Yzidis Kurds and those associated with the bonds of kinship and strong social relationship with their peers from the same community who are already integrated part of the population of the districts of Semel and Shekhan. Therefore, it was natural that the desire of IDPs is stability and accommodation in nearby camps of gatherings peers by virtue of social cohesion. This factor was taken into consideration by allocating of the total 8 camp in Semel and Shekhan districts (7% of the capacity of all the camps in Duhok), as shown in the table below: District Number of camps Capacity of camps (No of shelter) Percentage % of each district Camps Names of Camps Semel % Bajid Kandala, Sharya, Khanky, Bajid Kandala, Qadya (Rawanga), Kabartu, Kabartu Zakho 4 4% Bersivy, Bersivy, Cham Mishko, Darkar Shekhan % Germawa, Esyan, Shekhan, Mamrashan Aqra 7% Mamilyan Amedy 9 % Dawidiya Bardarash 7% Bardarash Total %

12 4.6. Area, Numbers and Capacity of IDPs camps Number of IDPs camps = 8 and the Capacity of all camps = 4,77 shelters,9 Donums (8,47,599 m) of land was identified and allocated by the government of Duhok for establishing IDPs camps in Duhok as shown below: Area of Governmental land allocated = 8 Donums Area of Agriculture land allocated (rented) = 59 Donums Name of the camp Bajid Kandala Bajid Kandala Germawa Khanky Bersivy Dawidiya Shekhan Darkar Sharya Bersivy Rawanga Chamishko Kabartu Kabartu Mamilyan Esyan Bardarash Mamrashan Total District Semel Semel Shekhan Semel Zakho Amedy Shekhan Zakho Semel Zakho Semel Zakho Semel Semel Aqra Shekhan Bardarash Shekhan ا Area of the camp in Donums Governmental land in Donums 8 Agriculture land in Donums Camp capacity ( Shelter)

13 4.7. The Implementing agencies of the camps The planned capacity of all camps in Duhok is 4,774 (6% cabinets and 84% family tents) divided upon 8 camps of which two camps are still under construction. Four entities have initiated and implemented the IDPs camps in Duhok Governorate as shown hereinafter: Out of this number,,74 shelters (6%) in eight camps were built mainly by UNHCR, other UN agencies and humanitarian actors like IOM, IHP and THW. Total of 65 shelters (5%) in two camps were built by Turkish relief agency (AFAD) and the government (KRG and Baghdad) built, shelters (5%) in seven camps. In addition, (7%) cabinets were installed by a local NGO (Rwanga association) in one camp. As mentioned above, different entities have constructed the IDPs camps with different type of services and basic facilities and with different technical specification. So, this will require more attention to camps administration, care and maintenance process to keep all the services at acceptable level. The different nature of these camps has led to have problems and challenges differ from camp to another. For example, in governmental camps each family owns its sanitation units and kitchen while in UN camps 4-8 families are sharing one sanitation unit and even more in AFAD camps. Generally, the nature of the infrastructure and the quality of basic services available in these camps differ as per different implementing agencies. Duhok government through Camps construction Committee in Duhok established seven out of the total 8 camps and they are similar in terms of infrastructure and basic services projects and acceptable largely by all beneficiaries. The most widely accepted camp IDPs is Qadya camp (Rwanga community), which was established by Rwanga Foundation and Duhok governorate, where cabins have been set up for families with the same standard infrastructure and basic services of governmental camps. Although there are some positive aspects in the camps of Sharya and Bersvy which were established by Turkish Relief agency (Afad), but problems still exist with regard to sanitation units and the lack of family kitchens as well as overcrowded housing units. Initially, there was no enough and solid infrastructure in the so called UN camps but this issue was recently handled by UNHCR by improving electricity projects, internal roads, open channels and concreting the tents bases. But still the problems of sanitation units and water network exist, where more than four families participated in one sanitation unit and even more families in one water tap. Currently, it could be said that the services of electricity, internal roads, shelters, side ditches, health, education and administration in all camps are similar to a large extent in terms of quality and quantity except the shortage in the number of sanitation units and the length of the water network in some of UN camps such as camps of Khanky and Bersivy and Bajid Kandala

14 Implementing Agency Camps Shelters % of total number of shelters Names of the camps UN Agencies and INGOs Turkish Agency (Afad) Rwanga Foundation 8 74 % 6 Bajid Kandala, Bajid Kandala, Dawidiya, Khanky, Bersivy, Germawa, Shekhan, Darkar 65 % 5 Sharya, Bersivy % 7 Qadya (Rwanga complex) Duhok Governorate 7 % 5 Kabartu, Kabartu, Cham Mishko, Esyan, Bardarash, Mamilyan, Mamrashan Total % 4.8. Camps construction progress, Accommodation and Occupancy rates Since the early days of the displacement and after the occupation of Mosul on June, 4, Duhok governorate has initiated in identifying three areas for establishing camps for internally displaced people particularly in areas covered by Article 4 of Iraqi constitute i.e. areas located between the governorates of Duhok and Ninewa. It was decided to establish three camps in Germawa, Tilsen and Bardiya in sub districts of Alqush, Telkef and Zummar respectively. In coordination with UNHCR, The work has commenced in establishing Germawa camp in June, 4 in which families were housed in the same day. It is worth to mention that the work in establishing Tilsen and Bardiya was stopped because of expansion of ISIS and the attack on Ninewa Plain and Sinjar in August 4. After the huge influx of IDPs from Ninewa Plain and Sinjar on early August 4, Duhok governorate began in coordination with the United Nations agencies to allocate lands for establishing more camps for displaced people, as shown hereinafter: On the first day of the displacement, the displaced families have been received and housed in the reception center of Syrian refugees in Bajid Kandala, which was later renamed as Bajid Kendala camp, and IDPs families were housed in this camp on August, 4. The work started in establishing the camps of Bajid Kandala and Khanky in early August 4 and the displaced families were housed in August 6, 4. The work has started in establishing the camps of Sharya and Bersivy by the Turkish Relief agency (Afad) somehow in mid-september 4 in which families were housed in and 9 November 4 respectively. The work has started in establishing Bersvy camp by UNHCR in September 4 and was completed in 6 November 4 The work was started in Dawidiya camp by different agencies such as UNDP, Habitat and IOM in November 4 and the families were housed in the January 6, 5 The work has started in establishing Shekhan camp by IHP, IOM, THW and ACF in late November 4. There was somehow delay in establishing this camp, so the displaced families were housed in this camp in April, 5. The work was started in establishing the first stage of Qadya camp by government of Duhok ( cabinets with all infrastructure services) in October 4 and the displaced families were 4

15 housed in December, 4. On Dec 4, Rwanga foundation has started working in the second stage of this camp ( cabinets with all infrastructure services). The work has started in establishing the camps of Mamilyan, Bardarash and Kabartu &, Esyan Chammishko) by the government through the camps construction committee in Duhok governorate in November 4 in which families were housed during the month of December 4. The six governmental camps have been completed within a short period (4 days). These camps have received more than 5, of IDPs families; this efficient process of Accommodation has helped the local authorities in Duhok to evacuate the schools and given a chance for the continuation of the educational process in Duhok governorate before the end of 4, which was in doubt to many. Work Progress 6 camps have been established and prepared for displaced people in Duhok governorate during the period from June, 4 the opening day of Germawa camp until April, 5 the opening day of Shekhan camp The camps of Darkar and Mamrashan are still under construction with work progress of 5% and 4% respectively Average work progress of the camps construction = 94% Accommodation rate Total of,8 shelters are still uninhabited especially in the camps of Germawa and Bardarash. Accommodation rate in the camp = inhabited units / available units in the camps = 8,59/9,86 = 95.5% Percentage of unoccupied shelters = 8/9,86 = 4.5% Occupancy rate Occupancy rate ratio = Total number of families in the camps to the total number of shelters occupied by these families According to the table below the total number of families accommodated in the camps =,5 family and the total shelters occupied = 8,59 shelter. Occupancy rate =,5/8,59 = 8.7% as average. This means that every shelters in the camps were occupied by 8.7 families because of the large size of some families and small area of some shelters. This percentage varies from a camp to another depending on the nature of housing units and the number of large families in the camp. Occupancy rate is the highest in Bajid Kandala camp because this camp contains large communal tents in which many families can be accommodated. The occupancy rate is high in the camps of Khanky, Bajid Kandala and Bersivy in comparison to other camps because the shelters units are somehow large in size. Occupancy rate in four camps of the total six-governmental camps is 78% (Mamilyan, Kabartu & and Bardarash) while it is 86% the other two camps (Esyan and Chammishko). The table below shows a clear picture on the work progress, Accommodation rate and Occupancy rate of all IDPs camps in Duhok governorate: 5

16 Camps Construction Work progress, Accommodation rate and Shelters Occupancy rate Name of the camp Date of opening Camp Capacity ( Shelters) Shelters Installed families living in the camps shelters inhabited shelters uninhabited % Work progress of the camps % of Accommodation in the camps Shelters Occupancy Bajid Kandala / 8/ 4 9 % % % Bajid Kandala 6 / 8/ % % 6% Germawa 6 // % 4% 8% Khanky 6 / 8/ 4 85 % % 9% Bersivy 6// % % 85% Dawidiya 6// % % 84% Shekhan /4/ % % 66% Sharya / % % 79% Bersivy 9// % % 78% Rawanga // % % 8% Chammishko // % % 85% Kabartu Kabartu Mamilyan Esyan Bardarash Mamrashan Darkar 6//4 6//4 //4 7//4 //4 Not yet Not yet % % % % % 4% 5% % % % % 66% 78% 78% 78% 86% 78% Total/average 4,774 9,86 5 8,59,8 94% 95.5% 8.7% 6

17 5. Demographic Situation in IDPs camps 5.. Demographic Composition: In the first displacement influx from Ninewa that happened on June 4, the displaced people were mainly from Mosul and Telafar cities. The majority of IDPs was Muslims (Arab, Turkmen and Kurds) with few Christian families. While in the second displacement influx that happened on early August 4, the displaced families were mainly from Sinjar, Zummar and Ninewa plain (Telkef and Hamdaniya districts). Therefore, the majority of IDPs was Yzidis Kurds and Christian families with less numbers of Muslims (Arab, Turkmen and Kurds). The table below shows the current demographic situation inside camps: Majority of Camps inhabitants are Yzidis Kurds. Out of,5 families living in the camps, 6,76 are Yzidis families, which make 85%. There is no desire by the Arabs and Christians to live in the camps where the percentage does not exceed.% in spite of the huge numbers of Arabs and Christians who fled Mosul city and Ninewa plain to Duhok governorate. The concentration of Yzidiz is obvious in the camps located in or close to the Yzidis villages and complexes in the districts of Shekhan and Semel like camps of Sharya, Khanky, Esyan, and Bajid Kandala & in which the percentage of Yzidis families is somehow% in these camps because of social and religious cohesion. There are several IDPs camps contain groups of IDPs families, which are different ethnically, religious and sectarian without any tension or problem like camps of Bersivy, Chamishko, Dawidiya, Qadya, Bersivy and Kabartu, Mamilyan and Kabartu. The Sunni Kurds are making 9.7% of the total number of families living in the camps. % of the Sunni Kurds are Shabak and mainly living in Bardarash camp The Shea Kurds (mostly Shabak) are making 4.% of the total number of families living in the camps. The majority of them is living in Bardarash and Mamilyan camps 5.. Demographic Projection No significant change expected in 5 with regard to the demography of IDPs population in Duhok governorate unless the military operation of liberating Mosul takes place during 5. Based on the population growth rate, the IDPs population could be increased by.8 % as a normal annual population increase. If the security situation continues to improve in Sinjar, Zummar and Ninewa plain, a significant decrease of IDPs and increase of returnees' numbers is expected. IDPs from Ninewa live in both cities and rural locations, some of which are very isolated, making access to basic services like education, health and income difficult. Many IDPs are living with their relatives or in unfinished buildings, rented houses and substandard shelters searching for employment opportunities and trying to support their families. Generally staying for long time in private- owned buildings leads to eviction and tension 7

18 between the property owners and IDPs. The IDPs families who feel safe enough to return have begun to do so especially the Muslims (Arab and Kurds) who return to Zummar and Rabea but there is no indication that the Yzidis families have any willingness to return. So, it is expected that all IDPs camps in Duhok will remain fully inhabited at least till the end of 5. Many IDPs are live in overcrowded conditions in substandard rental property, and as rental prices continue to rise and IDPs financial resources dwindle. The other IDPs are living in private buildings and land. Both groups are being threatened with eviction from their homes. Therefore, IDPs demand to relocating to the camps started increasing. Some IDPs are spontaneously returning to their areas of origin when they are re-taken by Peshmerga. UNHCR and the UN humanitarian country team do not encourage organized voluntary returns of IDPs yet. However, protection and assistance are being provided for spontaneous IDP returnees. The removal of improvised explosive devices (IEDs) and the reconstruction of homes and infrastructure is necessary before IDPs can make viable returns to their homes in many areas. 5.. Numbers of Males and Females in each camp: Name of the camp Families Individuals Numbers of Males and Females Males Females Bajid Kandala Bajid Kandala Khanky Qadya (Rwanga) Kabartu Kabartu Sharya Dawidiya Bersivy Bersivy Cham Mishko Germawa Esyan Shekhan Bardarash Mamilyan Total % average Percentage 5% 49% 8

19 Demographic Composition (Numbers and percentage of IDPs Families) S.n Name of the camp Yzidis Christian Sunni Kurd Sunni Turkmen Sunni Arab Shea Kurd Shea Turkmen Shea Arab Others Bajid Kandala 9 Bajid Kandala Khanky 85 4 Qadya (Rwanga) 7 5 Kabartu Kabartu 99 7 Sharya 6 8 Dawidiya Bersivy Bersivy Cham Mishko Germawa Esyan Bardarash Mamilyan Shekhan 966 Total 6,76 96, ,99 9 % percentage 85%.% 9.7%.5%.% 4.%.%

20 5.4. Age Groups of IDPs population: Name of the camp Individuals Numbers and Percentage per age groups (Males and Females) in each camp -4 Years 5- Years -7 Years 8-59 Years 6 and more Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Bajid Kandala Bajid Kandala Khanky Qadya (Rwanga) Kabartu Kabartu Sharya Dawidiya Bersivy Bersivy Cham Mishko Germawa Esyan Bardarash Mamilyan Shekhan Total 85, % percentage 7.4% 7% 9.4% 9.% 8.8% 8.%.7% %.7%.5%

21 5.5. Vulnerable Groups Name of the camp disabled persons Widows Orphans No od persons with Chronic diseases Singles Children Women Men Bajid Kandala Bajid Kandala Khanky Qadya (Rwanga) Kabartu Kabartu Sharya Dawidiya Bersivy Bersivy Cham Mishko Germawa Esyan Bardarash 5 9 Mamilyan Shekhan Total

22 6. Camps Management and Camps Coordination 6.. Background The management of the camps is the key challenge in the whole process of response to IDPs crisis. The main objectives of camp management are: Ensure smooth administration of all camps related operations Ensure the security of IDPs Provision of protection services including legal assistance, provision of adequate services like health, education, shelter, wash facilities, protect the dignity and human rights of IDPs Ensure the community participation in daily camp management Improve the living conditions of IDPs To achieve these tasks and objectives in correct manner and efficient way, the government of Duhok has formed a new structure under the name of Board of Relief and Humanitarian affairs (BRHA) on February 5. BRHA has replaced two governmental entities in Duhok governorate (Development and modification center DMC) and (Emergency cell EC) which were the main operational and implementation partners of UN agencies and humanitarian actors for several years in providing assistance to IDPs, refugees and host community. Therefore, BRHA owns sufficient experience and skills to achieve its mission and consequently to meet its planned objectives. BRHA was established to run and manage the humanitarian affairs in Duhok governorate. The current core staff of BRHA has been playing the key role in running and managing the processes of emergency intervention, relief support and humanitarian assistance provided to IDPs and refugees during the recent displacement from Ninewa and as well the huge influx of Syrian refugees. In addition, BRHA staff was and still the main part of the camps construction, camp management and camp coordination for refugees and IDPs since and 4 respectively. As the main governmental entity managing the IDPs camps in Duhok governorate, BRHA has been mainly focusing and working on the following subjects: Camps Management Security and police services Camps Coordination Infrastructure and Basic services Community Services 6.. Camp Management Currently, there are more than 4 employees working with BRHA to manage the IDPs camps and at the same time to coordinate with all humanitarian actors. These staff consists of camps managers, engineers, field staff, Monitors, community mobilizers, program assistants, HR staff, storekeepers, Administrators, Accountants, Cashiers, drivers and guards. Many of them possess good qualifications in terms of experience and competence in the management and coordination tasks. UNHCR and other humanitarian actors have trained the majority of camps management staff on the subjects of project management, camps administration, Registration, camp coordination, SGBV, community services and mobilization. Generally, BRHA has managed all humanitarian activities and particularly the management of IDPs camps at three levels, which are: Board: its responsible of policies, main guidelines, budgeting and planning Executive Directorate: is responsible for overall camps management, program implementation and coordination of humanitarian operations Camp Management teams: responsible for daily camps administration and field coordination. The camp management structure consists of camp manager, his/her deputy and five units (Admin/Cashier, Basic services, registration, Logistic/store and community mobilization). In addition to the government, UNHCR is the only agency that supports BRHA with all operation and managerial costs, which are: o Monthly salaries or incentives o Field transportation o Communication o Office supplies and stationary o Furniture and office equipment o Travel cost, camping and running cost o Training and capacity building of the staff

23 Table shows the numbers of management staff, Police and Mokhtars in IDPs camps Name of the camp Admin staff Program support policemen security staff Mokhtars staff staff Bajid Kandala Bajid Kandala 4 Khanky Qadya (Rwanga) Kabartu 7 Kabartu 7 Sharya Dawidiya 4 Bersivy Bersivy Cham Mishko Germawa Esyan Shekhan 9 Bardarash Mamilyan Total Table shows the numbers of overall program staff Location/Office Program staff Admin/Finance Support staff Total Board 8 Executive Directorate 7 4 Warehouse 4 7 Total BRHA has ensured the discipline of law and order, through the efforts of police, and Asayish to apply the international standards of human rights through the following activities: Maintain civilian character of the camp, in order to prevent any breach of law, or dignity of any person inside the camps. Maintain and establish camp committee, sector leaders to ensure law and order, discipline, registration, spread information, problems, urgent needs...etc. Protect and respect the freedom of religion and cultural practices of the beneficiaries inside the camp. Secure camp inhabitants from any weapons, drugs, or human trafficking actions, and provide a humanitarian atmosphere for the beneficiaries to live safely. Ensure the freedom of transportation to and from the camps, to seek for job, education and any human activities in and outside the camp. In addition, BRHA has been facilitating, controlling and escorting the visitors, donors and delegations to the camps, also facilitating and escorting the donations and arrival of humanitarian aid to the camps. BRHA has been able to facilitate and ensure beneficiaries equal access to basic services. BRHA has worked to gather and collect information, make sure to share accurate information with interested actors and media through the following activities: Ensuring the active actors and beneficiaries understand the role of BRHA as camp management and administration. Enhancing the distribution mechanism to ensure the access of all beneficiaries, priority has been given to vulnerable groups such as female-headed families, persons with disabilities, elders. Maintaining and updating information regarding all services provided by government, UN agencies, MGOs, and Charities and Making sure to accurate information shared. Facilitating the access and sharing information with interested mass media channels.

24 6.. Security and police services BRHA as responsible entity for all humanitarian affairs has been working with police and Asayish to ensure the security for IDPs and all service providers through the following activities: Enhancing the security situation in the camps and presence of police, Asayish and civil defense in cases of emergency Preventing any physical attack and ensuring the safety of all IDPs and service providers inside the camps Protecting and respecting the freedom of religion and cultural practices of the beneficiaries inside the camp. In addition, BRHA has been working with Asayish and police departments to prevent as much as possible and resolve any kind of disputes inside the camps. This included resolving the disputes among the beneficiaries themselves. Also resolving disputes among beneficiaries, agencies, donors and charity foundations regarding any case that can prejudice the dignity or security of the IDP or employees of service providers in the camps. Despite of challenging issues such as huge influx of IDPs, continuing war with ISIS and scattered nature of displacement, the police and Asayish has been able to protect all IDPs and no significant security problems and incidents so far happened and/or reported Camps Coordination BRHA coordinates all humanitarian efforts and organizes the interventions of the UN agencies, NGOs and relevant governmental departments in order to serve the IDPs in correct and efficient way. BRHA has worked closely with UNHCR and UNOCHA, to coordinate and facilitate among all actors in the camp, including government departments, UN agencies, International and Local NGOs, donors, charities. In order to have smooth and efficient coordination a number of meetings are in place to discuss all camps related issues, which are: General coordination meeting co-chaired by BRHA and OCHA Camps management and camps coordination meeting (CCCM) co-chaired by BRHA and UNHCR Bi-weekly cluster meetings co-chaired by BRHA and relevant UN agency for each sector Regular meetings at camp levels Ad-hoc meeting and bilateral meetings with various humanitarian actors BRHA has ensured good coordination with UN agencies and other partners through the following activities: Ensuring proper information sharing with all actors in the camps Making sure to avoid duplication of services. Identifying gaps where required to interfere, and sharing it with all actors in the camps. Referring and coordinating with UNHCR the new interested service providers to undertake needed utilities or projects in the camp. Maintaining and establishing camp committees to ensure representing camps inhabitants, focusing on feeding BRHA with needed information, identify urgent interfere with attention to vulnerable persons. The board also plays a coordinating role between humanitarian actors and displaced persons through their elected representatives. BRHA manages the provision and follow-up of municipal services to IDPs camps in cooperation with relevant governmental agencies like water, electricity, garbage collection...etc. There is full coordination between BRHA and relevant departments through their representatives who are part of the camps management group such as police, Asayish, civil defense and combat violence against women and the directorates of water, health, electricity, education, social affairs, culture, youth and Displacement and Migration. 4

25 6.5. Camps Construction, Infrastructure and Basic Services: Camps Construction and site development In order to ensure safe and secure environment and space for all IDPs, Duhok government through BRHA and in coordination with UNHCR and other UN agencies ensured a secured environment and space for more than 5% of total IDPs families and 8% of IDPs who are willing to live in the camps. This included the allocation of land and space required for establishing 8 camps. In addition, BRHA coordinates and manages the overall camps construction process. BRHA has worked closely with the relevant governmental departments, UNHCR and other Humanitarian actors to guarantee and secure the suitable land for establishing the camps and as well to ensure efficient and proper camps construction through below activities: Coordination with municipalities to provide the camp with their own services, such as plan and design and leveling the land Work together with all authority departments to monitor and provide needed services like electricity, water, roads and drainage. Locate the camps at a safe distance from the border, and in a conflict-free area. Ensure proper ground and soil of the land to install shelters or tents. Secure camp inhabitants from surrounded hosting community. Ensure improvement and maintenance of camp infrastructure. Monitor performance of construction and service delivery by all actors and service providers in accordance to agreed standards in the camps, to avoid any breach that can put the risk to the beneficiaries life. Facilitate the land allocation for activities planned by partners Supervise the quality of construction works Support the partners in handing over the performed projects to relevant governmental departments to ensuring the care and maintenance for completed structures/buildings Infrastructure and Basic services in the camps The government of Duhok through camps construction committee has paid enough attention to ensure a solid infrastructure projects in IDPs camps. The proper infrastructure has significant impact on the delivery of basic services to the residents of the camps. In this regard, the governorate administration has worked in three directions: The camps construction committee has designed a solid infrastructure of basic services for the seven camps that established by the government (Mamilyan, Cham Mishko, Bardarash, Esyan, Kabartu, Mamrashan and Kabartu). Despite of implementation of several infrastructure projects in the camps for water, sanitation, shelter, internal roads, fence, administration and security offices, but some of them have been cancelled or stopped because the federal government in Baghdad has not fulfilled its promises and commitments particularly in the construction of health centers, schools and access roads to IDPs camps. Therefore Duhok admiration has approached UN agencies s and international organizations to cover a part of the needs, where the German organization GIZ has constructed 6 health centers, 6 schools and 6 community centers in the camps of (Cham Mishko, Rwanga complex, Bajid Kandala, Mamilyan, Esyan, Kabartu, and Kabartu). BRHA (DMC in that time) has coordinated with UN agencies and international Organizations regarding the implementation of infrastructure projects in the eight camps that established by UN agencies (Bajid Kandala &, Khanky, Bersivy, Shekhan, Dawidiya, Germawa and Darkar). The UN agencies have implemented several infrastructure projects in these camps, but still there are some gaps in wash facilities. Also the existed infrastructure projects need to be improved. Duhok administration has coordinated with the Turkish Relief agency (AFAD) regarding the infrastructure projects in both camps of Sharya and Bersivy. AFAD has implemented the infrastructure projects for water, electricity and sanitation but no infrastructure projects implemented for education, health, administration and even the water taps, latrines and baths are communal. Therefore, the administration has approached the other partners to fill the gaps in these two camps. The international organization of Save the children has constructed additional wash facilities in Sharya camp and as well constructed a number of wash units for disabled persons. GIZ the German organization has constructed a school, health center and community center. Also the (CARE) has started implementing additional wash facilities in Bersivy. Below is the important information about infrastructure projects implemented in IDPs camps sector by sector: 5

26 Infrastructure of Shelter and Site Development Sector Name of the camp Type of Shelter Tents Cabinet Length of Access roads (distance from the nearest pavement) km Length of Internal roads km Length of fence km Kitchens Length of open channels in Km Bajid Kandala Bajid Kandala Khanky Sharya Qadya Kabartu Kabartu Dawidiya Bersivy Bersivy Cham Mishko Germawa Esyan Bardarash Mamilyan Shekhan Mamrashan Darkar Total From the table above, field assessment and sharing information with partners working in the camps the following points and issues can be observed and: Despite of implementation of all infrastructure projects in Mamrashan camp by Duhok governorate but unfortunately the federal government in Baghdad has not fulfilled its commitments to deliver cabinets to the camps. Only 77 cabinets out of promised cabinets have been delivered to the site. There is no anymore hope that the remaining quantities will be delivered by Baghdad. Therefore, delivering any number of cabinets will be correct support at correct time to make the camp operational, which will help in relocating more than 8 IDPs families from various unfinished building to this camp. There is obvious delay in the construction of Darkar camp by Habitat. Since long time the government has allocated land for this camp but until now, there is no any date for the actual implementation of the project. As per the recent information, the project will be subjected to procurement procedures and this will take time until August 5. The half of the sixteen occupied camp are located directly on the paved roads (Bajid Kandala &, Sharya, Esyan, Bersivy &, Chamishko and Dawidiya). Therefore, there is no need for any urgent intervention. Only the existed pavement to Esyan and Sharya camps could be recommended for later intervention. The distances from the main paved roads to the other camps are somehow short. Only the access roads to the four camps of Kabartu, Rwanga community (Qadya), Mamrashan and Germawa are in need to be improved as priority number. It is worth to mention that the construction of the access roads to the mentioned camps will serve the host communities in the villages of, Kabartu, bakhitma, Qadya, Koly, Germawa, Perozawa and Mamrashan, The access roads to camps of (Bardarash, Mamilyan, Shekhan and Khanky) are furnished with sub-base materials with total length.4 km. So, these access roads can be improved as priority number. The iron fence around the camp of Esyan is not covering the whole camp therefore an additional length of Iron fence (approximately km) is needed to fill the gap. There is no fence separating the camps of Kabartu and Kabartu. So, erection of Iron fence between the two camps is essential. 6

27 In order to drain the stagnant water resulted from grey water inside the camps, box and pipe culverts needed to be constructed in the camps of Kabartu, Bajid Kandala, Mamilyan and Bardarash. As the tents delivered to the camps that established by the government differ from UNHCR standard tents, therefore there is an urgent need to supply sufficient quantity of tents with the same standards of governmental tents as standby to be used for emergency cases such as burn incidents or damages due to storms and windy weather. Because of the topography of land in the camps of Bardarash, Bajid Kandala, construction of retaining walls is essential to protect the bases of shelter units Open Channels for draining the storm and grey water are not covering the whole camp of Chamishko, this lead either to stagnant water collections inside the camp or drainage of the grey water to septic tanks that increases the dislodging efforts and costs. Therefore, construction of the required length of open channels is essential and recommended as priority number for Chamishko camp. The internal roads in all camps are simply constructed using sub-base materials or crushed stones, these types of roads are always exposed to erosion, and as well, damages due to the continuous usage or rain water effect. So, the rehabilitation and improvement of the internal roads are essential before the next winter. There are no sufficient spaces for admin and security offices in the two camps of Sharya and Bersivy that constructed by Turkish agency (AFAD). The existed fences around the camps have been exposed to damages in many places due to the misuse of IDPs. So, the repair and maintain of Iron fences is needed. Infrastructure of water sector Name of the camp Main water source Deep wells generators on the deep wells Total length of water network in km main water tanks Total storage capacity in m Chammishko Rawanga Kabartu Kabartu Mamilyan Esyan Bardarash Mamrashan Sharya Bersivy Bajid Kandala Bajid Kandala Germawa Khanky Bersivy Dawidiya Shekhan Darkar Deep wells Deep wells Duhok W.P Duhok W.P Deep wells Deep wells Deep wells Deep wells Deep wells Deep wells Deep wells Deep wells Deep wells Deep wells Deep wells Deep wells Deep wells Deep wells From the table above, the following issues can be observed: All IDPs camps in Duhok except camps of Khanky, Kabartu & rely on wells as their main source of drinking water. This is a source of concern because of: Low discharge of many of these wells and their operation is not so efficient because of lack operators and guards 7

28 Out of 47 wells there are only 6 electrical generators installed on these wells and this leads to stop the remaining wells ( wells) for pumping water to the camps when powered off, which is expected to happen constantly, especially in the summer. The government, UN agencies and other humanitarian actors should look for sustainable and more durable alternatives to the deep wells as the drinking water sources. The proposed water project on Mosul lake is a good example of the mentioned alternative that will provide water to the three persons of concerns; IDPs in camps of Sharya, Kabartu and Kabartu and Syrian refugees in camps of Domiz and Domiz in addition to the host community in Domiz and Azadi collective towns. The total lengths of water pipelines in all camps are estimated at more than 9 km. This enormous length is continuously exposed to daily damage and defects as most of these pipes network has implemented in expedited manner as response to the emergency crisis. To overcome this problem, a systematic and effective process of care and maintenance with allocation of human and financial resources is required. The capacity of water storage tanks is less than the actual need in the camps of Bersivy, Germawa and Shekhan. There are no family water tanks in all governmental camps and this does not give the opportunity to the families of storing water, leading to water shortage with IDPs families in case of any break in the network and for any reason. The water networks in some IDPs camps that established by UN agencies and AFAD does not cover the whole camp and many families are sharing one water tap. This leads to extend plastic hoses to long distance by IDPs, which consequently will expose to the contamination. Through the experience gained during the last period it shows that the government must interfere in the care and maintenance of existed water schemes and not to rely % on the UN agencies or other humanitarian actors to do the operation and maintenance of water projects in the camps Infrastructure of Sanitation Sector Name of the camp Bajid Kandala Bajid Kandala Khanky Rwanga Kabartu Kabartu Sharya Dawidiya Bersivy Bersivy Cham Mishko Germawa Esyan Shekhan Mamrashan Bardarash Mamilyan Darkar Total Latrines ,67 Baths ,866 Septic tanks , 465 Manhole s ,56 Length of sanitation pipelines in km Garbage trucks (governmen tal) 5 dislodgi ng trucks 6 From the table above, field assessment and sharing information with partners working in the camps the following points and issues can be observed: There are still communal sanitation units in some IDPs camps such as Khanky, Sharya, Bersivy, Germawa and Bersivy. This style is not preferable and acceptable by the displaced people and often creates social problems and conflicts among the IDPs. In addition, there is no clear 8

29 responsibility of cleaning these communal units, which make them a source of water-borne diseases. BRHA has approached several partners to build more sanitation facilities (Latrines and baths) in these camps. These large numbers of (baths, latrines, manholes and pipelines), require regular maintenance and daily repairs. This needs to allocate human and financial resources to the camps management for forming maintenance teams in each comp to conduct repairing and maintaining these sanitation facilities. The number of dislodging trucks is six while the need is trucks to cover the need. Some of the camps needs two dislodging trucks because of the camp size and nature of the septic tanks and soil filtration Through the experience gained during the last period it shows that the government must interfere in the care and maintenance of existed sanitation units, Garbage collection and even dislodging. Moreover, not to rely % on the UN agencies or other humanitarian actors because most of them have short-term contracts with private companies for garbage collection and often the garbage transportation is not included. Some mistakes were observed on the implementation of sanitation units and pipelines connections by the private companies especially in the camps that established by the government. BRHA in coordination with camps construction committee has set up a mechanism to repair these errors and correct the situation by the contractors. Infrastructure of Electricity Sector Name of the camp Bajid Kandala Bajid Kandala Khanky Qadya (Rwanga) Kabartu Kabartu Sharya Dawidiya Bersivy Bersivy Cham Mishko Germawa Esyan Shekhan Mamrashan Bardarash Mamilyan Darkar Total Length of Feeding line (KM) Length of internal network (KM) Transform ers H.T poles ,45 7 5,85 L.T poles 4 45, 54,, 5 67, 7, 4,,,749 Main circuits family circuits From the table above, field assessment and sharing information with partners working in the camps the following points can be observed: These huge numbers of power lines and electrical poles need regular care, maintenance and operation. Knowing that most of INGOs and UN agencies are not supporting the electricity related projects because the support to energy is considered as development intervention and not an emergency response. Therefore, the government must interfere and contribute to the care and maintenance of the electricity lines and installations by forming maintenance teams in each camp and allocate enough human and financial resources to this sector. 9

30 The quality of the electrical transformers in some IDPs camps is not good and not as per the standard specification. BRHA has approached the electricity department and comps construction committee to correct the situation. Each family is supplied with 6 amp and this is sufficient for lighting and operation of some household devices, but IDPs are often doing illegal connection and getting more energy to run the largest possible number of devices. This process in addition that is illegal will affect negatively on the quantity of energy supplied to the host community. There are more than, IDPs families living in the camps, so follow-up the issue of illegal connections and prevent them requires additional human and financial resources. There is a need to have a coordination office to manage the electricity sector in all IDPs camps equipped with machinery, technicians and mechanisms for the purpose of managing and maintaining the existing infrastructure, keep them functioning effectively and at acceptable level and as well as to coordinate with the electricity departments in all districts where there are camps. Infrastructure of Health Sector Name of the camp B. Kandala B. Kandala Khanky Rwanga Kabartu Kabartu Sharya Dawidiya Bersivy Bersivy Cham Mishko Germawa Esyan Shekhan Mamrashan Bardarash Mamilyan Darkar Total H.C 6 Type of H.C Cabinet Cabinet Cabinet Cabinet Cabinet Cabinet Cabinet Cabinet Cabinet Cabinet Cabinet Temporary Cabinet Cabinet Cabinet Doctors Medical staff support staff Ambula nces 6 From the table above, the following points can be observed: Despite of more than families are living in Mamilyan camp Aqra District, but still there is no health center in this camp. The existed health center in Germawa is very small and somehow temporary. It is expected that more than family will relocated to this camp so the expansion of the current health center or constructing a new health center is essential to provide primary health care and services to IDPs. Out of 6 operational camps, only 6 ambulances are available in the camps. Most of the camps are located in rural areas and built on agriculture land far away from the hospitals and because of the hard living conditions and emergency in the camps, each camp need one ambulance to serve the IDPs during emergency cases. So, the need is ambulances. It is very essential to keep health centers operational 4 hours in the camps

31 There are some IDPs with health and medical background living in the camps, so giving them permission by health relevant department to open clinics in the camps is recommended to provide emergency treatment and first aid before sending the patients to the hospitals in nearby cities There is no health center planned for Mamrashan camp There is lack of medicines for chronic diseases Infrastructure of Education Sector Name of the camp B. Kandala B. Kandala Khanky Rwanga Kabartu Kabartu Sharya Dawidiya Bersivy Bersivy Cham Mishko Germawa Esyan Shekhan Mamrashan Bardarash Mamilyan Darkar Total Schools Tented Schools Cabinet Schools schools classrooms schools classrooms teachers Primary Secondary From the table above, field assessment and sharing information with partners working in the camps the following points and issues can be observed and a kind of intervention could be recommended: Despite of having more than 5 IDPs families live in Bardarash camp, but there is no school in this camp. There is no school planned for Mamrashan camp. There are -tented Schools in the camps, these tents don t provide a healthy environment for education. In addition, these tented schools are not safe and could be risky for the children especially during the storms and strong winds. Therefore, the tented schools should be replaced by more durable structure such as cabinets schools. Most of the schools are still under construction and has not been utilized in the education year 4-5. At least two schools are needed for each group of families (for primary and secondary levels). Knowing that more than, families are living in the camps, the need is 6 schools.. The existing number of schools is equal to schools, so the actual need is estimated at 9 schools to secure an acceptable learning environment for IDPs students Schools management and provision of supplies, equipment and staff needs more attention and as well an efficient coordination between both education directorates in Duhok and Ninewa.

32 Infrastructure of Community services Name of the camp B. Kandala B. Kandala Khanky Rwanga Kabartu Kabartu Sharya Dawidiya Bersivy Bersivy Cham Mishko Germawa Esyan Shekhan Mamrashan Bardarash Mamilyan Darkar Total Community centers 5 8 Women Center 5 Youth center Child friendly spaces There is a shortage in the number of social centers in the camps especially for women, disabled people and youths. There are no sports fields in the camps and there are no recreational centers. These fields and centers are very essential for the youth in order to let them enjoy their normal lives and keep them away from negative behaviors. There are no child-friendly spaces in camps of Bardarash and Shekhan Care and Maintenance of Wash facilities In order to keep the existed facilities operational and functioning at acceptable level a continuous care and maintenance of existed services and facilities is essential and required along the time. Daily repairs and maintenance of water schemes and sanitation units are among the most pressuring needs in the camps. The main goal of care and maintenance is to protect the IDPs right to access adequate and safe water for drinking and other domestic use and as well to access the proper and clean sanitation facilities to secure healthy environment for IDPs and to alleviate the risk of water-borne diseases. Care and maintenance of wash facilities including garbage collection in all camps and transport it to the landfill, dumping areas is very essential to maintain the camps clean and create a healthy living environment for the displaced people, and this process requires the following activities: Repair of daily damages and defects on water network. Water quality control Recruitment of water pumps operators Repair and maintaining of pumps and generators Technical assessment of existed facilities, improve and correct the situation if so required. Repair and maintenance of the sanitation units, sewage pipelines and open channels Maintaining and cleaning the water storage tanks Separation the flow and drain of grey water from black water Provision of dislodging trucks and labors for disposal of black water Distribution of plastic bags and garbage containers Garbage collection and transportation Hygiene kits distribution and Hygiene awareness and promotion Generally, care and maintenance in the camps was neither regular nor efficient during the past period as clarified hereinafter:

33 In some camps there were more than one NGO supporting wash activities while in other camps there was no one Garbage collection in most of the camps has been partially conducted by the partners i.e. collecting garbage without transportation. Short-term contract with companies involved in garbage collection Lack of coordination between humanitarian actors and the government with regard to garbage collection, garbage transportation and dislodging Budget limitation with UNICEF, which is the leading agency of wash sector. Lack of planning and poor intervention by the government Recently, BRHA has started coordinating with the partners to correct the situation and to make the care and maintenance processes more systematic, regular and more efficient as shown below: Assignment of one implementing partner in each camp for conducting all wash related activities Advocating for full package intervention especially (care and maintenance of wash activities) and avoid as much as possible partial intervention. Strengthening the joint planning between UN agencies, IPs and the government Efficient participation by the government to fill some gaps especially in garbage collection and dislodging Current situation of garbage collection and transportation in IDPs camps: Camp Name Garbage collected by Garbage transported By Contract end date Sharya Save the children Save the children Khanky FRC UNICEF/Municipality July 5 Germawa ACF UNICEF/Municipality July 5 Bajid Kandala + NRC UNICEF/Municipality July 5 Kabartu NCA NCA Kabartu NCA NCA Rawanga ACF ACF July 5 Chamishko ACF ACF July 5 Bersivy Harikar Harikar July 5 Bersivy DRC UNICEF/Municipality July 5 Esyan ACF UNICEF/Municipality July 5 Mamilyan Municipality Municipality Bardarash PU-AMI Municipality Dawidiya LWF UNICEF/Municipality July 5 Shekhan ACF Municipality Current number of governmental Machineries in IDPs camps Camp Name Dislodging Tanker Tractor Garbage Truck Sharya Khanky Germawa Bajid Kandala + Kabartu Kabartu Rawanga Community Chamishko Bersivy Bersivy Esyan Mamilyan Bardarash Dawidiya Shekhan Total 7 4

34 BRHA has received many dislodging tankers, garbage trucks and tractors from UNICEF, THW and UNDP. These machineries are available to be used and managed by the partners in the camps. In addition, the government will undertake the responsibility of the garbage collection and transportation as of July 5 in the five camps of Chamishko, Bersivey, Bersivy, Bajid Kandala and Bajid Kandala. Last Mile Mobile Solutions (LMMS) The lack of accurate statistics was and still a key challenge and the main gap in the whole response process to IDPs crisis. Therefore and in order to harmonize and standardize the registration of IDPs in urban and camp settings, BRHA has started coordinating with Medair and World vision organizations to start with mobile data collection and electronic database management covering all IDPs living in the 6 inhabited camps in Duhok governorate. This project is somehow unique using digital registration. Each household will have a photo ID card with a bar code settlement number on it that identifies the number of family members, their ages, and genders in order to make the distribution of relief items quicker and more tailored to families specific needs This registration will ensure that families living in the camps are no longer will be clearly identified. Their needs will be known, and the help they receive will be more effective. On early April 5, Medair has started with LMMS in Sharya camp as a pilot project. Up to date the registration in nine camps is completed and the work is ongoing. The planned end date of the project is 5 July 5. The table below shows the work progress of the LMMS in 6 IDPs camps: Name of the camp Agency IDPs registered by LMMS teams Families Individuals Work progress/end date Sharya Khanky World Vision & Medair World Vision Completed Completed Kabartu Medair Completed Rawanga Medair Completed Shekhan World Vision Completed Esyan World Vision Completed Kabartu Medair 5 99 Completed Chamishko Medair /7/5 Bersivy Medair 4/7/5 Bersivy Medair 8/6/5 Bajid Kandala Medair& UNICEF /6/6 Bajid Kandala Medair& UNICEF /6/6 Bardarash Medair& UNICEF /6/6 Dawidiya World Vision Completed Mamilyan Medair& UNICEF 8/7/6 Germawa World Vision 6 Completed Total

35 7. Brief Description of IDPs camps Currently, there are 8 IDPs camps in Duhok governorate (of which 6 camps are inhabited and camps are still under construction). These camps are different with regard to its sizes, nature of basic services, number and background of its inhabitants. At the same time, they vary in terms of their needs, problems and priorities. Hereinafter is a brief description of all camps in Duhok Governorate: Bajid Kandala camp Initially, this camp was established as reception center to receive Syrian refugees in to relieve pressure on the border points and to regulate the entry and registration of Syrian refugees. During the huge influx of IDPs from areas of Zummar and Sinjar, the government of Duhok has decided to allocate this center to accommodate the displaced families from Sinjar. Area and Geographical location: This camp is close to the Syrian border, is located within the boundaries of the village of Bajid Kandala belonging to Batel sub-district, Semel District. The camp area is about 7 Donums. Latitude: Longitude: Demography situation: Currently total of 9 IDPs families (678 persons) are living in this camp. All the inhabitants are Yzidis Kurds from Sinjar district with the presence of 55 families of Muslim Kurds from Sinjar area. Basic Services: Shelter units in this camp consist of two types of tents (Communal tents * 6 meters and family tents 4 * 6 meters). 6 communal tents (6 by government and by UNHCR) where supplied and installed. Every communal tent can accommodate 5- persons. Also, total of 4 family tents were installed by UNHCR. In addition, UNHCR has established and constructed 4 communal kitchens, registration office, Iron fence around the camp and open channels. Three deep wells were drilled and three generators installed on the three wells, three water tanks ( cubic meters each) constructed and water network was extended. All these works were done by Duhok governorate. Average quantity of water supplied to the camp is 9 m/ hour. Total of km of electricity internal network was established by Duhok governorate. Electricity consumption rate in the camp is 9 kw. Each family is equipped with 6 amps. Electricity supplied to the camp at a rate of 8 hours a day. UNICEF has installed communal sanitation units (Latrines and baths). Every -4 family is participating in one unit. Sanitation units have been set up using the concrete block and sandwich panel. The primary health care and other medical services are provided by the existed health center, which operates throughout the day. The area of the health center area is around * meters. WHO has built the health center using the cabinets. Total of Doctors and 9 of the health and medical staff are working in the health center. There is an ambulance available in the center for emergencies. Average rate of patients per day is 9 persons. Initially, UNICEF established a temporary school (using tents). The educational process is ongoing where they are teaching in the form of two phases, one in Kurdish and the other in Arabic. Approximately, 45 students are studying in Kurdish and,5 students in Arabic. There are 4 teachers at the school. Offices for camp administration, police and Asayish are available in the camp. Total of employees of BRHA are working in this camp to provide administrative services and managerial support to IDPs in terms of registration, distribution of materials and the provision of basic services as well as conducting coordination with humanitarian organizations working in the camp. There are 4 employees from police and Asayish (security) working in the camp to protect displaced people and solving social problems that may occur in the camp. There are also six community representatives (Mokhtars) selected by IDPs to represent them with the relevant authorities and claim their rights. 5

36 Bajid Kandala Camp The work started in establishing this camp on August 4 to accommodating IDPs from Sinjar Area. Area and Geographical location: This camp is located near the camp of Bajid Kandala and the main street Duhok Syrian Border, separates both camps. This camp is close to Syrian border and located within the boundaries of the village of Bajid Kandala belonging to Batel sub-district, Semel District. The camp area is about 4 Donums. Latitude: 7 5. Longitude: Demography situation: Currently total of IDPs families (66 persons) are living in this camp. All the inhabitants are Yzidis Kurds from Sinjar district. Basic Services: Shelter units consist of 96 family tents with dimensions of 4 * 6 meters. UNHCR has supplied all the tents. The government has casted the floors of the tents by ordinary concrete and built a small wall with height of 6 cm on the perimeter of the tents. UNHCR has built Family kitchens, Fence around the camp, internal roads, side open channels and furnishing sub-base materials between the tents.three artesian wells were drilled and connected to national electricity grid. Two water tanks ( cubic meters each) constructed and water network 67 meters was extended. UNICEF has done all these works. The design of the network was based on emergency requirements i.e. total of -water tap stand were built in the camp, each tap stand consists of 6 water taps. This means every 4 families participate in one water tap stand and 4 families per tap. Average quantity of water supplied to the camp is 9 m/ hour. Total of.5 km of electricity internal network was established by UNHCR. Electricity consumption rate in the camp is 8 kw. Each family is provided with 6 amps. The camp is supplied with electricity at a rate of 8 hours a day. Communal sanitation units (latrines and baths) were built by UNICEF i.e. Every -4 families participate in one sanitation unit. The units have been built by sandwich panel. The provision of primary health care is provided to IDPs living in the camp by health center operates hours a day. The health center was built using the cabinets by Swedish Medical Organization (SSH). Total of doctors and 6 health and medical staff are working in the health center. The area of the health center is more than 4 m. Average number of patients visiting the center is 8 persons per day. UNICEF established a temporary school (using tents) and another school 8 classrooms was built by GIZ using cabinets. The educational process is ongoing where they are teaching in the form of two phases, one in Kurdish and the other in Arabic. Total of 7 students are studying in Kurdish and 75 students in Arabic language. There are teachers in the camp. Offices for camp administration, police and Asayish are available in the camp. Total of 8 employees from BRHA are working in this camp to provide administrative services and managerial support to IDPs in terms of registration, distribution of materials and the provision of basic services as well as conducting coordination with humanitarian organizations working in the camp. There are 9 employees from police and Asayish (security) are working in the camp to protect displaced people and solving social problems that may occur in the camp. There are also 4 community representatives (Mokhtars) selected by IDPs to represent them with the Department and the relevant authorities and claim their rights. 6

37 Germawa camp This camp is one of the oldest camps for displaced people in Duhok Governorate, where the work in establishing this camp has started in the month of June 4 to accommodate the displaced persons from Mosul. Before ISIS attack in early August 5 on Ninewa plain, there were more than 5 IDPs families (Kurds, Arabs, Shabak and Turkmen), from various areas of Mosul living in this camp but due to ISIS expansion the camp was evacuated of its residents and most of the contents and services of the camp was exposed to defects and damages. After liberating, the area by Peshmerga and withdrawal of ISIS the camp opened again and UNHCR has started with the rehabilitation of basic services in the camp according to a new design and layout. Area and Geographical location: This camp is located at km south to Baadra intersection on the main road from Duhok to Erbil between the villages of Perozawa and Germawa. The camp area is about Donums. Latitude: Longitude: 4 4. Demography situation: Currently total of 4 IDPs families (66 persons) are living in this camp. The inhabitants are a mixture of Kurds, Arab and Turkmen. Basic Services: Shelter units consist of family tents with dimensions of 4 * 6 meters (have been supplied by the UNHCR). The camp was designed with a capacity of tents. The floors of tents were casted by ordinary concrete and a wall 6 cm in height was built on the perimeter of the tents using concrete blocks by government. Family kitchens, open channels, fence around the camp Internal roads have been constructed in the camp by UNHCR. UNICEF has drilled two new deep wells and rehabilitated the existed one. In addition, a total of 4.6 km of water pipelines extended. There is also a water tank cubic meter capacity. Water supply for the camp is cubic meters per hour rate. There is water tap for each family. The camp needs a third well of the fact that the water quality in one of the wells is undrinkable. UNHCR has established the internal network of the National Electricity (8. km length). Currently the rate of electricity consumption in the camp is 9 kw. Each family is equipped with 6 amps. The camp is supplied with electricity at a rate of 8 hours a day. The current electricity network does not cover all areas of the camp, where 5 tents are still without electricity. UNHCR will establish electricity network for the remaining network as soon as the families relocated. UNICEF and ACF has built Communal sanitation units (latrines and baths) i.e. every -4 families participate in one sanitation unit. The units built by sandwich panel and concrete blocks. The provision of primary health services by an existing temporary health centers which operates throughout the day. WHO has delivered cabinets to be used a s a health center. There is an ambulance for emergency cases. Total of doctors and 9 health and medical staff are working in the health center. Currently the average number of patients visiting the center is 4 persons per day. UNICEF established a temporary school (using tents). The educational process is ongoing where the teaching in Arabic language. Total of 76 students are attending the school. There are teachers in the camp. Offices for camp administration, the police, the Asayish are available in the camp. Total of 7 employees from BRHA are working in this camp to provide administrative services and managerial support to IDPs in terms of registration, distribution of materials and the provision of basic services as well as conducting coordination with humanitarian organizations working in the camp. There are 8 employees from police and Asayish (security) working in the camp to protect displaced people and solving social problems that may occur in the camp. There are also community representatives (Mokhtars) selected by IDPs to represent them with the Department and the relevant authorities and claim their rights. 7

38 Sharya camp The work of establishment this camp has started in September 4 by the Turkish relief agency (Afad) to accommodate the displaced people of Sinjar. The camp was opened on November, 4. The camp is 7 Km far away from the city of Duhok Area and Geographical location: This camp is located near Sharya collective town south of the city of Duhok. The area of the camp is about 4 Donums. Latitudes: Longitude: Demography situation: Currently total of 8 IDPs families (84 persons) are living in this camp. All the inhabitants are Yzidis Kurds from Sinjar district Basic Services: Turkish Humanitarian agency (AFAD) has erected 4 family tents 4 * 4 meters; in addition, AFAD has furnished the whole area of the camps by a layer of crushed stones 4 cm thick. Also an Iron fence installed around the camp. There are no family kitchens as AFAD has delivered communal units (7 cabinets * 7 meters each containing washing machines and 4 cabinets containing cleaning sinks). GIZ, The German organization has casted the floors of the tents by ordinary concrete AFAD has drilled four boreholes as the main source of drinking water for IDPs in the camp. In addition, Afad has extended water network and connected to the main water reservoir with total capacity of m, which consists of water tanks with capacity of m each The Turkish organization (Afad) has constructed the electricity network for the camp. Total length of network is km. Electricity consumption rate in the camp is 4 kw. Each family is equipped with 6 amps. The camp is supplied with electricity at a rate of 4 hours a day. Communal sanitation units have been established in this camp. Total of cabinets were established each contains 6 latrines. In addition, 9 sanitation units were established for the disabled persons. These facilities are connected to the pipeline network that reaches to the wastewater treatment plant. Also total of 9 cabinets were established each contains 6 baths. In addition, International Save the Children set up additional sanitation facilities in different areas of the camp. Every 4-5 families share one sanitation unit. The provision of primary health care is provided by a temporary health center works five hours a day. Another health center is under construction by GIZ with total area of 85 square meters. Total of 7 doctors and 7 medical staff are working in the health center. There is no ambulance in the camp. Average number of patients visiting the health center is 8 persons per day. UNICEF established two temporary school (using tents). The educational process is ongoing where they are teaching in the form of two phases, one in Kurdish and the other in Arabic. About 4, students are studying in primary school and,6 students at the secondary level. Total of 79 teachers are working in these schools. There is another school under construction by GIZ using cabinets. There is shortage in admin, police, the Asayish are available in the camp. Total of 8 employees from BRHA are working in this camp to provide administrative services and managerial support to IDPs in terms of registration, distribution of materials and the provision of basic services as well as conducting coordination with humanitarian organizations working in the camp. There are 5 employees from police and Asayish (security) working in the camp to protect displaced people and solving social problems that may occur in the camp. There are also 5 community representatives (Mokhtars) selected by IDPs to represent them with the Department and the relevant authorities and claim their rights. 8

39 Khanky Camp The work started in establishing this camp on August 4 to accommodating IDPs from Sinjar Area. The capacity of the camp is tents. The camp is 4 km far from Duhok city. Area and Geographical location: This camp is located within the boundary of Khanky collective town southwest of Semel city. The camp area is about Donums. Latitude: Longitude: Demography situation: Currently total of 85 IDPs families (85 persons) are living in this camp. All the inhabitants are Yzidis Kurds from Sinjar district. Basic Services: Shelter units consist of family tents with dimensions of 4 * 6 meters (have been supplied by UNHCR). The floors of the tents have been casted by ordinary concrete and small wall with height of 6 cm on the perimeter of the tents. Family kitchens, Fence around the camp, internal roads, side open channels and furnishing sub-base materials between the tents have been set up and constructed by UNHCR. Water source in this camp is cham barakat water project, which was connected to the camp network. Internal water network was established by UNICEF with total length of 7,984 meters and connected to 4 main water tanks, each 9 cubic meter capacity. Average rate of water supply for the camp is cubic meters per hour. Total of 59 water tap stands have been implemented and each consists of 6 water tap. This means 8 families can benefit from one tap. The water network of the camp needs to be expanded. UNHCR has installed the electricity internal network of total length of 7 km. Electricity consumption rate in the camp is 47 kw. Each family is equipped with 6 amps. The camp is supplied with electricity at a rate of 8 hours a day. UNICEF has installed communal sanitation units (59 Latrines and 49 baths). Every -4 family is participating in one unit. Sanitation units have been set up using the concrete block and sandwich panel. The provision of primary health services by two health center that existed in the camps which are working 6 hours per day. The area of the main health center is about 9 square meters and was built by the cabinets. Total of 6 doctors and 4 of medical staff are working in these health centers. There is an ambulance for emergency cases. Average number of patients visiting the health center is 5 persons per day. UNICEF has built two temporary Schools (by tents). The educational process is ongoing where they are teaching in the form of two phases, one in Kurdish and the other in Arabic. About 5, students are studying in primary school and 95 students at the secondary level. Total of teachers are working in these schools. There are another two school under construction by GIZ and UNICEF using cabinets Offices for camp administration, the police and the Asayish are available in the camp. Total of 9 employees from BRHA are working in this camp to provide administrative services and managerial support to IDPs in terms of registration, distribution of materials and the provision of basic services as well as conducting coordination with humanitarian organizations working in the camp. There are 5 employees from police and Asayish (security) working in the camp to protect displaced people and solving social problems that may occur in the camp. There are also community representatives (Mokhtars) selected by IDPs to represent them with the Department and the relevant authorities and claim their rights. 9

40 Qadya camp (Rwankh community) The work started in establishing this camp on September 4 to accommodating IDPs from Sinjar Area. The capacity of the camp is shelter units (Cabinets). The camp is 64 km far from Duhok city. This camp was opened on December 4. Area and Geographical location: This camp is located km from the beginning of the Zakho Galy to the west near the village of Qadya, Batel Sub-district, Semel District. The area of the camp is about 4 Donums. Latitude: Longitude: The demographic situation: Currently total of 46 IDPs families (4557 persons) are living in this camp. Most of the inhabitants are Yzidis Kurds with the presence of 4 family of Sunni Kurds of Sinjar area and five Arab families from Zummar district. Basic Services: The shelter units of this camp consist of two types of cabinets. The first group composed of the cabinets with dimensions of 4 * 7 meters delivered and installed by the government of Duhok. The area of each shelter is 8 square meters and has a living room 4 * 5 meters, sanitation unit of.5 *.8 meters, and kitchen.5 *.8 meters. The second group is composed of cabinets with dimensions of * 9 meters delivered and installed by Rwanga Foundation. The area of each shelter is 7 square meters and has a two-bedroom living * meters health unit.5 * meter and a kitchen.5 * meters. The internal roads were constructed, also the side ditches were concreted and as well the iron fence was erected around the camp. 4 deep wells were drilled as the main water source for residents of the camp. These wells were connected to the 9 main water tanks with capacity of m each. Water internal network with total length of 85 meter. The average rate of water supply for the camp is 9 cubic meters per hour. There is one water tap for each family. Duhok government and Rwanga foundation installed total of 6 km of electricity internal network. Electricity consumption rate in the camp is 4 kw. Each family is equipped with 6 amps. The camp is supplied with electricity at a rate of 8 hours a day. The sanitation units (Latrine and Bath) are available within the shelter units (cabinets). This means that each family has its own sanitation units. A temporary health center works three hours a day provides the primary health care. Another health center is under construction by GIZ with total area of 85 square meters. Total of doctors and medical staff are working in the health center. There is no ambulance in the camp. Average number of patients visiting the health center is 5 persons per day. There are two schools in the camp; one is done by UNICEF using tents and the other using the cabinets. The educational process is ongoing where they are teaching in the form of two phases, one in Kurdish and the other in Arabic. About 679 students studying in primary school and 9 students at the secondary level. Total of teachers are working in these schools. Offices for camp administration, the police, the Asayish are available in the camp. Total of 8 employees from BRHA are working in this camp to provide administrative services and managerial support to IDPs in terms of registration, distribution of materials and the provision of basic services as well as conducting coordination with humanitarian organizations working in the camp. There are6 employees from police and Asayish (security) are working in the camp to protect displaced people and solving social problems that may occur in the camp. There are also 8 community representatives (Mokhtars) selected by IDPs to represent them with the Department and the relevant authorities and claim their rights. 4

41 Bersivy Camp The work has started in establishing this camp at the beginning of the month of September 4 by the Turkish relief agency (AFAD) to accommodate the displaced people of Sinjar and the camp was opened on The camp is km far from Zakho city. Area and Geographical location: This camp is located near Bersivy collective town northeast of the city of Zakho. The area of the camp is about 5 Donums Latitudes: Longitude: Demography situation: Currently total of 9 IDPs families (4 persons) are living in this camp. Most of the inhabitants are Yzidis Kurds from Sinjar district with presence of 88 Sunni Kurds families and Turkmen families (Shea and Sunni). Basic Services: Turkish Humanitarian agency (AFAD) has erected 5 family tents 4 * 4 meters; in addition, AFAD has furnished the whole area of the camps by a layer of crushed stones 4 cm thick. Also an Iron fence installed around the camp. There are no family kitchens as AFAD has delivered communal units (8 cabinets * 7 meters each containing washing machines). The floors of the tents have not yet concreted. AFAD has drilled two boreholes as the main source of drinking water for IDPs in the camp. In addition, Afad has extended water network and connected to the main water reservoir with total capacity of 5 m, the average water supply to the camp is 5 m per hour. The Turkish organization (Afad) has constructed the electricity network for the camp. Total length of network is km. Electricity consumption rate in the camp is kw. Each family is equipped with 6 amp. The camp is equipped with electricity at a rate of 4 hours a day. Afad has built Communal sanitation units in this camp. Total of 6 cabinets were established each contains 6 latrines. In addition, 5 sanitation units each one contains 6 baths. ASB, the German NGO has constructed a large health center using Cabinets ( m). The health center works throughout the day. Total of 4 doctors and 5 medical staff are working in the health center. There is an ambulance in the camp. Average number of patients visiting the health center is 4 persons per day. UNICEF established two temporary schools (using tents). In addition, there are two cabinets schools in the camp as well. One constructed by GIZ and the other one by UNICEF. The educational process is ongoing where they are teaching in the form of two phases, one in Kurdish and the other in Arabic. About 8 students are studying in primary school and, students at the secondary level. Total of 5 teachers are working in these schools. There is shortage in admin, police, and Asayish in the camp. Total of 5 employees from BRHA are working in this camp to provide administrative services and managerial support to IDPs in terms of registration, distribution of materials and the provision of basic services as well as conducting coordination with humanitarian organizations working in the camp. There are 9 employees from police and Asayish (security) working in the camp to protect displaced people and solving social problems that may occur in the camp. There are also 9 community representatives (Mokhtars) selected by IDPs to represent them with the Department and the relevant authorities and claim their rights. 4

42 Bersivy camp The work has started in establishment of this camp at the beginning of the month of September 4 by UNHCR to accommodate the IDPs from Sinjar. It was inaugurated on Area and Geographical location: This camp is located near Bersivy collective town, km north-east of the city of Zakho. The area of the camp is about 87 Donums. Latitude: Longitude: The demographic situation: Currently total of 546 IDPs families (94 persons) are living in this camp. Most of the inhabitants are Yzidis Kurds from Sinjar district with presence of 95 Sunni Kurds families Basic Services: Shelter units consist of 8 family tents with dimensions of 4 * 6 meters (have been supplied by UNHCR). The floors of the tents have been casted by ordinary concrete and small wall with height of 6 cm on the perimeter of the tents. Family kitchens, Fence around the camp, internal roads, side open channels and furnishing sub-base materials between the tents have been set up and constructed by UNHCR UNICEF has drilled three deep, generator installed on these wells and established total of 5,7 meter length of water internal network. There are also three water tanks ( cubic meters each) in the camps. Water supply for the camp up to 5 cubic meters per hour. 6 communal water tap stands built each consists of 6 taps. This means that 8 families are sharing one water tap. UNHCR has installed the electricity internal network of total length of 9 km. Electricity consumption rate in the camp is kw. Each family is equipped with 6 amps. The camp is supplied with electricity at a rate of 4 hours a day. UNICEF has installed communal sanitation units (56 Latrines and baths). Every -4 family is participating a latrine unit and 8 families share one bathroom. Sanitation units have been set up using the concrete block and sandwich panel. An existed health center (with total area of 8 m) provides primary health care to IDPs living in the camp. The health center works 6 hours per day. Total of 8 doctors and 8 medical staff are working in the center. There is an ambulance in the camp. Average number of patients visiting the health center is persons per day. UNICEF has built two temporary Schools (by tents). The educational process is ongoing where they are teaching in the form of two phases, one in Kurdish and the other in Arabic. UNICEF and GIZ have constructed two permanent schools using cabinets. Offices for camp administration, the police and the Asayish are available in the camp. Total of 4 employees from BRHA are working in this camp to provide administrative services and managerial support to IDPs in terms of registration, distribution of materials and the provision of basic services as well as conducting coordination with humanitarian organizations working in the camp. There are 9 employees from police and Asayish (security) working in the camp to protect displaced people and solving social problems that may occur in the camp. There are also 6 community representatives (Mokhtars) selected by IDPs to represent them with the Department and the relevant authorities and claim their rights. 4

43 Cham Mishko Camp This camp is one of the largest camps for IDPs in Duhok Governorate. The work has started in establishing this camp at the beginning of the month of October 4 and it was inaugurated on November 4. Area and Geographical location: This camp is within the boundaries of Zakho municipality. The area of the camp is Donums. Latitude: Longitude: Demography situation: Currently total of 4 IDPs families (5 4 persons) are living in this camp. Most of the inhabitants are Yzidis Kurds of Sinjar district with the presence of 48 family of Kurds Sunni and 45 families of Shiite Kurds. Basic Services: Shelter units consist of fire-resistant tents with dimensions of 4 * 5 meter. The Government has casted the floors of the tents by ordinary concrete. In addition, the government has constructed families kitchens, iron fence around the camp, internal roads, access road including small bridge and side open nks with capacity of cubic meters each were installed in the camp. The average quantity of water channels. Also, the granular materials were furnished between the households tents. The government has drilled five deep wells, installed five generators on these deep wells and established Water internal network with total length of 6.5 km. Also, main water ta supply for the camp is cubic meters per hour. There is water tap for each family. The government has installed Electricity internal network with total length of 6 km. Electricity consumption rate in the camp is 4 KW. Each family is equipped with 6 amps. The camp is supplied with electricity at a rate of 4 hours a day. The government has built the sanitation units (Latrines and baths) by concrete blocks. Each family has its own latrine and bath. It was found that the implementation of the sanitation camp was not done according to the specification as the heavy water and grey water are mixed and drained together to the septic tanks, which lead consequently to quick overflow and increasing the dislodging trips. The contracted should correct the situation. The primary health care and services is provided by the existing health center, which operates nine hours a day. The health center is composed of one Cabinet and two tents. There are three doctors and 5 medical staff working in the health centers. The average daily number of patients visiting the center is 75 persons. There is no ambulance for emergency cases. A new health center is under construction by GIZ using Cabinets. UNICEF established a temporary school (using tents) and GIZ has constructed another school 8 classrooms y using cabinets. The educational process is ongoing where they are teaching in the form of two phases, one in Kurdish and the other in Arabic. 45 students are studying in Kurdish and 5 students in Arabic language. There are 4 teachers in the camp. Offices for camp administration, the police, the Asayish are available in the camp. Total of employees from BRHA are working in this camp to provide administrative services and managerial support to IDPs in terms of registration, distribution of materials and the provision of basic services as well as conducting coordination with humanitarian organizations working in the camp. There are 9 employees from police and Asayish (security) are working in the camp to protect displaced people and solving social problems that may occur in the camp. There are also 8 community representatives (Mokhtars) selected by IDPs to represent them with the Department and the relevant authorities and claim their rights. 4

44 Dawidiya Camp The work in establishing this camp has started in September 4 by UNDP and Habitat and was inaugurated on 6 January 5. Area and Geographical location: This camp is located within the boundary of Dawidiya village in Bamerni sub-district, Amedy district. The camp is 6 km far from city of Duhok. The area of the camp is 4 Donums. Latitudes: Longitude: Demography situation: Currently total of 757 IDPs families (454 persons) are living in this camp. Most of the inhabitants are Yzidis Kurds of Sinjar district with 94 Christian s families and 4 families of Kurds Sunni and 4 Sunni Turkmen families. Basic Services: Shelter units in this camp consist of two types of cabinets, the first type is 4 Cabinets with dimensions of (8 * meters) each cabinet consists of two living rooms and sanitation unit. These cabinets were delivered and installed by UN-HABITAT. The second type is the 5 Cabinets with dimensions of (7 * 4 meters) each cabinets consists of a living room, sanitation unit and a small space to be used as kitchen. These cabinets were delivered and installed by IOM. The granular materials were furnished between the households tents. The internal roads and side open channels were constructed. In addition, IOM has erected the iron fence around the camp was erected. Two deep wells were drilled. Water internal network was extended with total length of 6.45 km. In addition, five main water tanks with capacity of cubic meters each were installed in the camp. The average quantity of water supply for the camp is cubic meters per hour. There is water tap for each family. UNDP has established electricity internal network with total length of 5.4 km. Electricity consumption rate in the camp is 5 KW. Each family is equipped with 6 amps. The camp is supplied with electricity at a rate of 8 hours a day. The sanitation units (Latrine and Bath) are available within the shelter units (cabinets). This means that each family has its own sanitation units. The primary health care and services is provided by the existing health center which operates throughout the day. The area of the health center is 7 square meters and was built using the cabinets. There are doctor and 9 medical staff working in the health centers. The average daily number of patients visiting the center is 5 persons. There are two schools in the camp. These schools were built using cabinets by UNESCO and UNICEF. Offices for camp administration, the police, the Asayish are available in the camp. Total of 9 employees from BRHA are working in this camp to provide administrative services and managerial support to IDPs in terms of registration, distribution of materials and the provision of basic services as well as conducting coordination with humanitarian organizations working in the camp. There are employees from police and Asayish (security) are working in the camp to protect displaced people and solving social problems that may occur in the camp. There are also community representatives (Mokhtars) selected by IDPs to represent them with the Department and the relevant authorities and claim their rights. 44

45 Esyan camp The work in establishing this camp has started in October 4 and was officially inaugurated on The camp is 5 km far from Shekhan city. Area and Geographical location: This camp is located near the Baadra Shekhan District. The area of the camp is 8 Donums Latitudes: Longitude: Demography situation: Currently total of 589 IDPs families (548 persons) are living in this camp. All the inhabitants are Yzidis Kurds from Sinjar Basic Services: Shelter units consist of fire-resistant tents with dimensions of 4 * 5 meter. The Government has casted the floors of the tents by ordinary concrete. In addition, the government has constructed families kitchens, iron fence around the camp, internal roads and side open channels. Also, the granular materials were furnished between the households tents. The government has drilled five deep wells and installed Water internal network with total length of 7.5 km. In addition, installed main water tanks with capacity of cubic meters each in the camp. The average quantity of water supply for the camp is cubic meters per hour. There is water tap for each family. The government has installed Electricity internal network with total length of 6 km. Electricity consumption rate in the camp is 4 KW. Each family is equipped with 6 amps. The average power supply to the camp is rate 4 hours a day. The government has built the sanitation units (Latrines and baths) by concrete blocks. Each family has its own latrine and bath. It was found that the implementation of the sanitation camp was not done according to the specification as the heavy water and grey water are mixed and drained together to the septic tanks, which lead consequently to quick overflow and increasing the dislodging trips. The contracted should correct the situation. The primary health care and services is provided by the existing health center that operates 9 hours per day. The area of the health center is square meters and was built by cabinets. Total of of health and medical staff are working in the health center. The average daily number of patient visiting the health center is 75 persons. There are no schools ready. Offices for camp administration, the police, the Asayish are available in the camp. Total of 7 employees from BRHA are working in this camp to provide administrative services and managerial support to IDPs in terms of registration, distribution of materials and the provision of basic services as well as conducting coordination with humanitarian organizations working in the camp. There are employees from police and Asayish (security) are working in the camp to protect displaced people and solving social problems that may occur in the camp. There are also community representatives (Mokhtars) selected by IDPs to represent them with the Department and the relevant authorities and claim their rights. 45

46 Kabartu Camp The work has started in establishing this camp in the month of October 4 and was officially inaugurated on November 4. The camp is km far from Duhok city Area and Geographical location: This camp is located 7 km south of the city of Semel. The area of camp is Donums. Latitudes: Longitude: Demography situation: Currently total of 59 IDPs families (49 persons) are living in this camp. Most of the inhabitants are Yzidis Kurds of Sinjar district with the presence of 74 Kurdish (Sunni and Shea) families and Sunni Arab families Basic Services: Shelter units consist of fire-resistant tents with dimensions of 4 * 5 meter. The Government has casted the floors of the tents by ordinary concrete. In addition, the government has constructed families kitchens, iron fence around the camp, internal roads and side open channels. Also, the granular materials were furnished between the households tents. There are no deep wells in the camp. Duhok water project is the main source of drinking water in this camp. The water internal network in the camp with total length of 9.9 km was extended. In addition, 8 main water tanks with capacity of cubic meters each have been erected. The average rate of water supply for the camp is 75 cubic meters per hour. Each family has its own water tap. The government has installed Electricity internal network with total length of 6 km. Electricity consumption rate in the camp is 4 KW. Each family is equipped with 6 amps. The average power supply to the camp is rate 8 hours a day. The government has built the sanitation units (Latrines and baths by concrete blocks and sandwich panel. Each family has its own latrine and bath. There was no health center. A mobile team provides primary health care. GIZ has recently finished the construction of health center using cabinets. There are no schools ready Offices for camp administration, the police, the Asayish are available in the camp. Total of 7 employees from BRA are working in this camp to provide administrative services and managerial support to IDPs in terms of registration, distribution of materials and the provision of basic services as well as conducting coordination with humanitarian organizations working in the camp. There are employees from police and Asayish (security) are working in the camp to protect displaced people and solving social problems that may occur in the camp. There are also community representatives (Mokhtars) selected by IDPs to represent them with the Department and the relevant authorities and claim their rights. Kabartu Camp The work has started in establishing this camp in the month of October 4 and was officially inaugurated on November, 4. The camp is km far from Duhok city. 46

47 Area and Geographical location: This camp is located 7 km south of the city of Semel. The area of the camp is Donums. Latitudes: Longitude: The demographic situation: Currently total of 5 IDPs families (47 persons) are living in this camp. Most of the inhabitants are Kurds Yzidis of Sinjar district with the presence of Kurdish Sunni family. Basic Services: Shelter units consist of fire-resistant tents with dimensions of 4 * 5 meter. The tents bases were concreted. A kitchen was built for each family. The granular materials were furnished between the households tents. The internal roads and side open channels were constructed. Also the iron fence around the camp was erected. There are no deep wells in the camp. Duhok water project is the main source of drinking water in this camp. The water internal network in the camp with total length of 9.9 km was extended. In addition, 8 main water tanks with capacity of cubic meters each have been erected. The average rate of water supply for the camp is 75 cubic meters per hour. Each family has its own water tap Electricity internal network was installed with total length of 6 km by Duhok governorate. Electricity consumption rate in the camp is 4 KW. Each family is equipped with 6 amps. The camp is supplied with electricity at a rate of 8 hours a day. The government has built the sanitation units (Latrines and baths by concrete blocks and sandwich panel. Each family has its own latrine and bath There was no health center. A mobile team provides primary health care. GIZ has recently finished the construction of health center using cabinets. There are no schools ready. Offices for camp administration, the police, the Asayish are available in the camp. Total of employees from BRHA are working in this camp to provide administrative services and managerial support to IDPs in terms of registration, distribution of materials and the provision of basic services as well as conducting coordination with humanitarian organizations working in the camp. There are employees from police and Asayish (security) working in the camp to protect displaced people and solving social problems that may occur in the camp. There are also community representatives (Mokhtars) selected by IDPs to represent them with the Department and the relevant authorities and claim their rights. Mamilyan camp The work has started in establishing this camp in the month of October 4 and was officially inaugurated on December 4. Area and Geographical location: This camp is located in Girdasin sub-district Aqra district near the main road between Akre and Ruvya. It is located km southwest from Akre city The area of the camp is Donums. Latitudes: Longitude: Demography situation: Currently total of IDPs families (7 persons) are living in this camp. Most of the inhabitants are Yzidis from Sinjar district with the presence of 679 Kurdish families Sunni and Shea Accommodation: Shelter units consist of fire-resistant tents with dimensions of 4 * 5 meter. The Government has casted the floors of the tents by ordinary concrete. In addition, the government has constructed families 47

48 kitchens, iron fence around the camp, internal roads, access road and side open channels. Also, the granular materials were furnished between the households tents. The government has drilled four deep wells, installed and established Water internal network with total length of 7.4 km. In addition, 8 main water tanks with capacity of cubic meters each were installed in the camp. The average quantity of water supply for the camp is cubic meters per hour. There is water tap for each family. The government has installed Electricity internal network with total length of 6 km. Electricity consumption rate in the camp is 5 KW. Each family is equipped with 6 amps. The average power supply to the camp is 4 hours a day. The government has built the sanitation units (Latrines and baths) by concrete blocks. Each family has its own latrine and bath. There is no health center in the camp. An mobile health team is working 9 hours day in one of the admin offices inside the camp. This medical team provides the primary health care and services. There is medical staff working in the health centers. The average daily number of patients visiting the center is 75 persons. There were no schools ready as the existed school was completed recently. Offices for camp administration, the police, the Asayish are available in the camp. employees from BRHA are working in this camp to provide administrative services and managerial support to IDPs in terms of registration, distribution of materials and the provision of basic services as well as conducting coordination with humanitarian organizations working in the camp. There are 7 employees from police and Asayish (security) are working in the camp to protect displaced people and solving social problems that may occur in the camp. There are also nine community representatives (Mokhtars) selected by IDPs to represent them with the Department and the relevant authorities and claim their rights. Bardarash camp: The work has started in establishing this camp in the month of October 4 by the camps construction committee in Duhok governorate and was inaugurated by the date of //4. Area and Geographical location: This camp is located within the boundaries of Bardarash municipality. The area of the camp is Donums. Latitudes: Longitude: Demography situation: Currently total of 669 IDPs families (86 persons) are living in this camp. All the inhabitants are Kurds Shabak (Sunni and Shiite). Basic Services: Shelter units consist of fire-resistant tents with dimensions of 4 * 5 meter. The Government has casted the floors of the tents by ordinary concrete. In addition, the government has constructed families kitchens, iron fence around the camp, internal roads, access road and side open channels. Also, the granular materials were furnished between the households tents. The government has drilled four deep wells, installed and established Water internal network with total length of 4.7 km. In addition, 8 main water tanks with capacity of cubic meters each were 48

49 installed in the camp. The average quantity of water supply for the camp is 5 cubic meters per hour. There is water tap for each family. The government has installed Electricity internal network with total length of 6 km. Electricity consumption rate in the camp is 5 KW. Each family is equipped with 6 amps. The average power supply to the camp is 8 hours a day. The government has built the sanitation units (Latrines and baths) by concrete blocks. Each family has its own latrine and bath. The existing health center provides primary health care and services. The center operates throughout the day. The area of the health center is square meters and was built by cabinets. Total of doctors and 4 of health and medical staff are working in the health center. The average daily number of patient visiting the health center is persons. There are no schools in the camp. Offices for camp administration, the police, the Asayish are available in the camp. Total of employees from BRHA are working in this camp to provide administrative services and managerial support to IDPs in terms of registration, distribution of materials and the provision of basic services as well as conducting coordination with humanitarian organizations working in the camp. There are 9 employees from police and Asayish (security) are working in the camp to protect displaced people and solving social problems that may occur in the camp. There are also 4 community representatives (Mokhtars) selected by IDPs to represent them with the Department and the relevant authorities and claim their rights. Shekhan camp: This camp is the last inhabited IDPs camp in Duhok governorate which was opened on April,,5. This camp was established within the boundary of Shekhan municipality. The camp was a result of joint efforts of several partners such as IHP, THW, ACF, IOM, UNHCR and the government. The work in this camp was delayed because there was neither clear vision/plan nor efficient coordination between the humanitarian actors. Area and Geographical location: This camp is located within the boundaries of the municipality of Shekhan. The area of the camp is Donums. Latitudes: Longitude: Demography situation: Currently total of 966 IDPs families (569 persons) are living in this camp. All the inhabitants are Yzidis Kurds of Sinjar area. Basic Services: Shelter units consist of two groups of tents with different dimensions where there are tents with dimensions *.5 meters and others of 4 x 4 meters. The tents bases have been concreted, families kitchens were erected and sub-base materials have been furnished between the households tents. Also the access, internal roads, fence around the tents and open channels were constructed in the camp. Two boreholes were drilled and the water network with total length of 7 km was extended in the camp. Generators have been installed on the wells. There are also three water tanks ( cubic meters each). The average water supply rate is 5 cubic meters per hour. The main feeding line was installed with total length of 9.5 km. Also the electricity internal network with total length of 6.9 km was installed in the camp. Electricity consumption rate in the camp is 5 kw. Each family is equipped with 6 amps. The camp is supplied with electricity at a rate of 8 hours per day. The sanitation units (Latrines and baths) have been erected using the sandwich panel. Each family has its own sanitation unit. The provision of primary 49

50 health services by an existed health center operates at a rate of 8 hours per day. The area of the health center is 5 square meters and was built using the cabinets. Total of 5 of medical staff are working in the center. The average daily number of patients visiting the center is 7 persons. There is a school in the camp made by cabinets ready to receive the students. No one is studying in the camp. The educational process did not start in this camp because of the delay of camp completion. Offices for camp administration, the police, the Asayish are available in the camp. Total of 5 employees from BRHA are working in this camp to provide administrative services and managerial support to IDPs in terms of registration, distribution of materials and the provision of basic services as well as conducting coordination with humanitarian organizations working in the camp. There are employees from police and Asayish (security) are working in the camp to protect displaced people and solving social problems that may occur in the camp. There are also 5 community representatives (Mokhtars) selected by IDPs to represent them with the Department and the relevant authorities and claim their rights. Mamrashan Camp: This camp is still under construction. The infrastructure projects of water, electricity, roads and bases of cabinets was implementation and completed by the governorate of Duhok. It was supposed that the federal Government of Baghdad delivers cabinets to be installed in this camp, but the process was delayed. Up to date only 77 cabinets were delivered to the site. German Caritas has delivered 4 Cabinets to the site. It was agreed with IOM to deliver and install cabinets in this camp. It is worth to mention that BRHA has announced to all the partners to help the government of Duhok to complete this camp by delivering and installing more cabinets. Area and Geographical location: This camp located in Shekhan district close to the village of Mamrashan just opposite to Mahad collective town which located on the main road between Duhok and Erbil. The area of the camp is Donums. Latitudes: Longitude: Demography situation: Not yet inhabited Basic Services: Shelter units in this camp are cabinets with dimensions of (9 * meters) each cabinets consists of two living rooms, kitchen space and sanitation unit. Internal roads, fence around the camp, administration and police office were constructed by Duhok governorate. Four deep wells were drilled and the water internal network was extended with total length of.8 km. Also 8 water tanks ( cubic meters each) were installed. Electricity internal network with total length of. km was installed. The sanitation units (Latrine and Bath) are available within the shelter units (cabinets). This means that each family will have its own sanitation units. There is no health center. No school in the camp. The admin and police offices are available in the camp. Darkar camp: This camp is located in the Darkar sub-district Zakho district. Land has been allocated for this camp and Habitat has announced to deliver and install 8 cabinets with dimensions of (9 * meters) with all the infrastructure services. The work is at the stage of design and planning and the actual work has not yet started. The area of the camp area is 7 Donums. Latitudes: Longitude:

51 8. Challenges in IDPs camps It is obvious that Duhok governorate has become a haven for many refugees and displaced persons in spite of its small size and population compared to other governorates in Iraq. While the people of Duhok are proud of the fact that their province has become a safe haven for many of the people oppressed and fleeing wars and operations of armed violence, but the overall situation of the citizens in Duhok does not have to be forgotten or neglected. No doubt, that long stay of IDPs without clear and concrete support to Duhok government the overall situation of security, municipal services, economic and social situation will adversely and negatively affected. The presence of huge number of IDPs has by its own a negative impact on the overall situation in Duhok with regard to economy, security, job opportunities, health and municipal services. IDPs humanitarian needs and expectations are huge and growing, so meeting these needs is an extra burden on the already fragile economic situation in Duhok. The main challenges facing the governorate of Duhok with regard to the crisis of displaced persons are: Management of such a large number of camps (8 camps) is a key challenge facing the authorities in the response process to IDPs crisis as a whole as this process requires extraordinary efforts and human expertise and enormous financial resources may not be available in Duhok government Budget limitation with UN agencies and other humanitarian actors The Ignorance from Federal government in Baghdad towards IDPs crisis Poor infrastructure and shortage of basic services in the liberated areas in Ninewa is a challenge, as this requires additional efforts and financial resources from Duhok government to correct the situation Many IDP families throughout Duhok Governorate remain at risk of eviction Ongoing war and fighting by ISIS groups close Duhok borders within the areas covered by article of 4 of Iraqi constitution. Unwillingness of displaced people (especially the Yzidis Kurds) to return to their liberated areas is a significant challenge. Long-term stay of IDPs in the camps will put local authorities in front of a difficult situation as the needs, requirements and expectations of IDPs will be increased more and more. In addition, the non-return and long stay within the host community could lead to the discomfort and tension between IDPs and host community Maintaining the civilian character of IDPs camps is difficult due to the intensity of existing weapons and the fact that IDPs living in camps are still participating in the fighting against ISIS. Regular care, operation and maintenance of existed infrastructure projects and basic services in the camps is a challenge as this process requires constant and continuous funding from the government. Cleaning the camps, garbage collection and dislodging of black water became a significant challenge in the camps Another challenge is the shops and shopping areas in the camps. Because of lack of clear plan and vision so far, the shops have been set up by IDPs randomly and irregularly inside and outside the camps. 5

52 9. Needs in IDPs camps More than 85, persons live in the 6 IDPs camp in different parts of Duhok governorate. Those are divided into many different categories in terms of age, gender, religious and ethnic groups and each category has its own needs and expectations, which differ from one group to another. Generally, the camp like any other inhabited settlements needs a minimum limit of basic services that guarantee a decent life for its residents and with dignity. The needs such as food, protection, housing, water, health and education are by nature the principles of human rights that must be provided by local authorities and their partners United Nations agencies and International humanitarian organizations. Based on the current situation of IDPs camps, daily communication with IDPs and sharing information with humanitarian actors in these camps, the following needs have been identified as most important and urgent needs of IDPs living in the camps: Camp management: To achieve the tasks and objectives of the camp management in correct and effective manner, a qualified, managerial and technical team should be formed in each camp. The management process needs support as shown below: Each camp with, families in size needs somehow 6 employees to provide administrative services and managerial support to IDPs in terms of registration, distribution of materials and the provision of basic services as well as conducting coordination with humanitarian organizations working in the camp. The total number of families living in 6 camps in Duhok is more than, families, so the number of staff required to manage all the camps will be 48 persons. Those in need to the following assistance: Salaries and incentives Running cost and administrative expenses Equipment and office Supplies Communications Travel expenses Field transportation ( cars per camp with capacity of families). So the need is estimated to be 65 field cars taking into account the need of the main office that managing and supervising the overall IDPs program. Police and security services: In order to protect displaced people and solving social problems that may occur between IDPs themselves or between IDPs and others, each camp of IDPs families requires at least 4 employees of police and Asayish. The total number of families living in 6 camps in Duhok is more than, families, so the number of staff required to ensure security and police services in all camps will be 7 persons. Those in need to be assisted with monthly incentives. Maintenance and operation: For the purpose of maintaining the basic services in the camps, such as power lines, water networks, roads, shelter units, schools, health and sanitation facilities and to keep them in an effective and acceptable level of continuity, a regular system of operation, care and maintenance of these services should set up in each camp and this requires the following: Formation maintenance, operation and repair teams Securing the incentives /salaries for the teams members Provision of machinery, equipment, materials, fuels and oils Garbage collection and dislodging the heavy water: The garbage collection in all camps and transport it to the landfill and dumping areas is very essential to maintain the camps clean and create a healthy living environment for the displaced people and this process requires the following: Forming cleaning and garbage collection teams 5

53 Plastic bags and containers of garbage collection Provision of machinery, equipment, materials and vehicles to transport the garbage to the landfill Provision of dislodging trucks and labors for disposal of black and heavy water Education: In order to provide a healthy and safe environment for the education of IDPs children and to ensure the continuation of the educational process in the camps, at least two schools classrooms each should be built in each camp (with families in capacity). So, the total need is 6 schools. Currently, there are schools existed in the camps, so the actual need for the education is: Construction of 9 with classrooms Schools Salaries and incentives of about 8 teachers and staff ( employees per school) to manage the educational process School uniforms and school stationery and books Health: The provision of health services and primary care to IDPs in the camps is one of the essential needs and always is at the top of the hierarchy of priorities. Currently, there are 5 health centers in IDPs camps (of which some are still under construction). In order to ensure effective infrastructure for the health sector in the camps, the following activities are needed: Construction of three health centers in the camps of Mamilyan, Germawa and Mamrashan Expansion of some health centers, especially in the large camps such as Chammishko, Esyan and Khanky Medicines, medical supplies and equipment Salaries and incentives for about 4 medical and health staff for the management of health centers Ambulance for each camp. Currently, there are six ambulances existed in the camps, so the need is somehow ambulances Water: To ensure the provision of a adequate quantity of drinking water with good quality to IDPs living in the following intervention is needed: Drilling 4 new deep wells Installation of 5 electrical generator on existing wells Expansion of water networks in the camps of Bersivy, Bersivy, Khanky and Sharya Installation of additional water tanks cubic meter capacity in some camps Provision of 5, family water tanks 5-liter in capacity It worth to mention that the sustainable and durable provision of adequate and safe drinking water for people of concern (IDPs, Refugees and host community) is the strategic water project on the lake of Mosul (The study and design of the project is available with UNICEF). This project will pump water to three large IDPs camps (Kabartu, Kabartu and Sharya) and two refugees camps (Domiz and ) and the host community in Domiz town and War city in Fayida subdistrict- Semel District. Sanitation: Box and pipe culverts are needed for grey water and as well the rainwater in some camps like Bajid Kandala, Qadya, Kabartu, Bardarash and Mamilyan. In addition, these culverts will prevent the collection of waste and stagnant water between households in the camps. Additional sanitation units are needed to be constructed in the camps of Sharya, Bersivy, Bersivy and Khanky. Special sanitation units for disabled people are needed in all camps 5

54 Shelter units: Despite of construction 6 IDPs camps with total capacity of more than 4, shelter units but still there is a need to the following activities: After the significant delay in proving the caravans to Mamrashan camp Shekhan District by the high Committee of IDPs relief and housing in Baghdad, there is an urgent need to 5 Caravans with dimension of 9 * meters. Acknowledge that all infrastructure services are available in the camp. Casting 5 tent floors by ordinary concrete in the camp of Bersivy. The Municipality of Khanky has allocated enough land within the boundary of Khanky camp to build 5 shelter units for IDPs families who are living in the in the private land close to the main street of the collective town. So, there is a need to 5 shelters with all the infrastructure projects Provision of at least 5 tents with same specification of the tents that been erected in the governmental camps to be used during emergency cases. Building retaining walls in the camps of Bajid Kandala and Bardarash to protect the residential units Access and Internal Roads: Construction of access road to the camp of Kabartu & Construction of access road to the camp of Qadya (Rwanga complex) Construction of access road to the camp of Germawa Construction of access road to the camp of Mamrashan Improvement of internal roads in the camp of Khanky Improvement of internal roads in the camp of Bajid Kandala Improvement of internal roads in the camp of Sharya Community services: In order to have better environment in the camps and in order to let youth, children and women enjoying their normal lives there is a need to some community services like youth and women centers, child friendly spaces, women listening centers. Establishment of Music centers, internet coffee, computer centers and cultural centers. Establishment of soccer fields, volleyball and basketball Vocational training courses for women and men Summer supplies: As summer season is respectively long and difficult in Iraq because of the intense heat and increased water consumption and as well the lack of electrical power, so there is a real and actual need for a special intervention to provide the necessary summer supplies to IDPs. The intervention must be done in three levels as shown below: Camp level o Water trucking for providing drinking and domestic water when needed (4 trucks) for a period of at least months o Establishment of shades in public places in the camps with dimensions* 4m Family level o Supply of, small air-coolers o Supply of, small refrigerators o Supply of, air fans Individual level o Supply and distribution of summer clothing and shoes 54