Governorate Statistics 8,306 families (est. 49,836 individuals) 50,465 families (est. 302,790 individuals) 5,483 families (est 32,898 individuals)

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1 SULAYMANIYAH GOVERNORATE PROFILE AUGUST 2009 IOM IDP AND RETURNEE ASSESSMENT JULY 2009 SULAYMANIYAH AT A GLANCE Total post-feb 2006 IDPs 1 Total pre-feb 2006 IDPs 2 Number of post-feb 2006 IDPs assessed by IOM 3 Capital Governorate Statistics 8,306 families (est. 49,836 individuals) 50,465 families (est. 302,790 individuals) 5,483 families (est 32,898 individuals) s Chamchamal, Darbandihkan, Dokan, Halabja, Kalar, Penjwin, Pshdar, Rania, Sharbazher, Sulaymaniya Population 4 1,715,585 Internally displaced person (IDP) families in governorate are mostly Arab and Kurd Sunni Muslims who fled sectarian targeting in Baghdad and Diyala during 2006 and The majority of IOM-assessed families in intend to return to their places of origin if allowed by security and other key factors such as regaining former property and livelihood. While the majority of IDP families in the governorate rent their homes, there are two IDP tent camps in the governorate, representing some of the only organized tent camps in the country. Priority needs in are food and access to work as well as Arabic-language schools. Quick Facts on IDPs 60% of IDP families are Arab Sunni, and 26% are Kurd Sunni families In Chamchamal district, many IDP families are living in tent camps and 10% are female-headed households The majority of IDPs (64%) fled after being targeted for sectarian reasons IOM Displacement Assessments Iraq has a long history of displacement, culminating most recently in the February 2006 bombing of the Samarra Al-Askari Mosque. Due primarily to sectarian violence, 1.6 million people were internally displaced, chiefly in 2006 and 2007, according to government figures. 2 IOM field monitoring teams assess the varying needs and challenges of internally displaced person (IDP) and returnee communities across the eighteen Iraqi governorates. These comprehensive assessments of IDPs and returnees are conducted through Rapid Assessment questionnaires in conjunction with Iraqi authorities and other national and international actors. IOM seeks to ascertain and disseminate detailed information about IDP and returnee needs and conditions in each governorate. A greater understanding of displacement and return in Iraq is intended to facilitate policy making, prioritizing areas of operation, and planning emergency and long-term responses. To date, IOM has assessed 223,898 IDP families and identified 55,007 returnee families. Of these returnee families, 3,679 have participated in IOM in-depth needs assessment interviews. Unless otherwise stated, all data in the profile is based on IOM-assessed populations. IOM s Project Recommendations in Due to the lack of potable water sources in Zeranok area, 64 IDP families need water through water trucking Displacement to 1 As per the Ministry of Displacement and Migration. See latest IDP Working Group Update on IDPs, September As per IOM Phase II Monitoring, December Please note that this is the number of post-february 2006 IDPs assessed by IOM, not the total number of IDPs in the governorate. 4 As per the Iraq Living Conditions Survey, UNDP and Ministry of Planning and Development Cooperation, IOM Iraq s Joint Operations Cell maintains a database of project recommendations such as this one, submitted by IOM field monitors and others working in Iraq. IOMJOC@IOM.INT

2 SULAYMANIYAH S DISPLACED PERSONS: WHO ARE THEY? Post-2006 IDPs in are an ethnically and religiously diverse group who fled sectarian targeting and general violence during 2006 and During this period several hundred families arrived monthly to the governorate, mostly from Baghdad and Diyala. In comparison with the country as a whole, drew more families who were not specifically targeted but wanted to relocate to the relative stability of the Kurdish Regional Government (KRG). The majority of IDP families are located in Kalar and districts, living primarily in rented homes. also has a considerable pre-2006 displacement population. The highest concentration of pre-2006 IDPs are in the three northern governorates, a product of decades of attacks by the former regime on minorities, combined with clashes between Kurdish political factions and instability and social unrest in the central and southern governorates on an increasing scale from 2003 onwards. According to the KRG s Directorate of Displacement and Migration, there are currently 14,585 post-2006 IDP families in the governorate. IOM has assessed 5,483 post IDP families. IDP & Returnee Locations in. See final page for detail. Number of IDPs in by Number Percentage of Families Chamchamal % Darbandihkan % Dokan % Halabja % Kalar % Pshdar % Rania % Sharbazher 1 0.0% % Chamchamal % IDP Governorate of Origin Diyala 46.1% Baghdad 45.7% Anbar 3.1% Ninewa 1.7% Salah al-din 1.2% Kirkuk 0.6% Basrah 0.6% Babylon 0.4% Wassit 0.2% 0.1% Thi-Qar 0.1% Kerbala 0.1% Muthanna 0.1% Error! Reasons for Being Targeted All Iraq Belonging to a certain religion or sect 63.5% 72.9 % Holding a certain political opinion 4.5% 2.4 % Belonging to a certain ethnic group 4.9% 3.9 % Belonging to a certain social group 3.1% 0.7 % No answer 6.3% 8.7 % Do not think the group was targeted 17.8% 11.3 % Monthly Displacement to Since 2006 Number of Families <2006 2/2006 4/2006 6/2006 8/ / /2006 2/2007 4/2007 6/2007 8/ / /2007 2/2008 4/2008 6/2008 8/ / /2008 5/2009 Date of Displacement

3 SULAYMANIYAH: IDP DEMOGRAPHICS Overall, the Kurdish Regional Government (KRG) is host to 39% of IDP families belonging to religious or ethnic minorities, and is no exception. IDP families include many Kurds and Christians, along with Turkmen, Sabean Mandeans and others. Across Iraq, post-samarra violence left large numbers of femaleheaded households. In Dahuk, an average of 4% of IDP families have a woman as the primary breadwinner. Female headed households are among the most vulnerable IDP families, as they often have no steady income and cannot advocate for themselves with regard to social and bureaucratic issues. Percentage of Female Headed Households (by district) Percentage Total 4.5% Chamchamal 10.4% Darbandihkan 1.4% Dokan 1.3% Halabja 3.2% Kalar 2.5% Pshdar 0.0% Rania 0.6% 7.9% RELIGION & ETHNICITY Total Chamchamal Darbandihkan Dokan Halabja Kalar Pshdar Rania Sulaymaniya Arab Sunni Muslim 59.6% 88.8% 75.0% 87.4% 70.8% 48.1% 86.4% 70.4% 59.3% Kurd Sunni Muslim 25.5% 6.3% 11.4% 7.9% 18.8% 36.9% 13.6% 24.9% 21.2% Arab Shia Muslim 10.0% 2.2% 11.4% 3.4% 6.4% 10.3% 0.0% 4.1% 12.6% Kurd Shia Muslim 2.8% 0.7% 2.0% 0.5% 1.2% 3.8% 0.0% 0.0% 2.7% Chaldean Christian 0.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.7% Turkmen Sunni Muslim 0.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.5% 0.0% 0.6% 0.3% Arab Christian 0.1% 0.0% 0.2% 0.0% 0.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% Arab Sabean Mandean 0.3% 0.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.7% Assyrian Christian 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% Other 0.9% 1.1% 0.0% 0.0% 2.4% 0.4% 0.0% 0.0% 1.9% 64% of IDP families in assessed by IOM would like to return home, security and other factors permitting. Most of these would return to Diyala and Baghdad, specifically Resafa and Karkh districts of Baghdad. Over a quarter of IDP families in say that they would like to stay and integrate into their places of displacement permanently. However, they are in need of employment opportunities and permanent shelter solutions in order to do so. IDP Settlement Intentions Locally integrate in the current location Resettle in a third location Return to their place of origin Waiting on one or several factors to make a decision Total 27.6% 8.2% 64.0% 0.2% Chamchamal 36.8% 12.3% 50.9% Darbandihkan 16.2% 5.2% 78.6% Dokan 17.3% 3.9% 78.8% Halabja 22.4% 6.8% 69.6% 1.2% Kalar 33.5% 6.8% 59.3% 0.3% Pshdar 31.8% 68.2% Rania 18.3% 4.1% 77.5% 24.7% 11.4% 63.8% 0.0% Of those that intend to return, to which governorate would they return? Diyala 49.7% Baghdad 44.0% Anbar 2.3% Ninewa 1.5% Other 2.5%

4 SULAYMANIYAH S DISPLACED PERSONS: LIVING CONDITIONS AND PRIORITY NEEDS As with the rest of the governorates in the KRG, IDP families in have higher standards of living when compared with IDP families across Iraq. For example, more than two-thirds of families have at least one source of income, and almost all live in a rented apartment or house with access to water and electricity comparable to the host community. Employment All Iraq At least one member of the 69.9% 32.8 % family has a job None of the members has a job 30.1% 67.2 % PDS ACCESS All Iraq Not at all 78.5% 20.1% Sometimes 9.7% 46.2% Yes, always 11.8% 33.6% Main concerns for IDPs in are the lack of water due to drought, as well as rising rent costs and lack of employment opportunties. Many young people both IDPs and host community members graduate with no job prospects, leaving a large proportion of youth unemployed. 30% of IDP families in the governorate have no source of income. Education for IDP children from central and southern Iraq is difficult in the KRG because of the shortage of Arabic-language schools. Many families must pay costly transport in order to get children to a suitable school, while others simply cannot go at all. Living Structure (by district) Tent in Collective Town Public building Host house Rented Other Camp Settlement house Total 2.2% 0.0% 0.1% 3.3% 88.6% 5.4% Chamchamal 52.0% 0.0% 0.0% 17.8% 25.3% 5.2% Darbandihkan 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 3.4% 95.0% 1.4% Dokan 0.0% 0.0% 0.8% 2.1% 97.1% 0.3% Halabja 0.0% 1.2% 0.4% 3.2% 92.4% 2.8% Kalar 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 1.8% 91.2% 6.3% Pshdar 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 13.6% 81.8% 4.5% Rania 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 3.0% 95.3% 1.8% Sulaymaniya 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 3.6% 89.5% 6.6% Although less than 1% of IDP families in Iraq live in organized tent camps, there are two such camps in : Qalawa and Bastasen. Qalawa camp houses 59 families from Baghdad and Diyala, living in harsh conditions and in need of sanitation and Arabic language schools for their children. Bastasen camp houses families who flee the periodic bombing on the Iranian and Turkish borders with Iraq. The camp population fluctuates; it was recently 137 families, though most left to the nearby village to find work, leaving only 14 families currently. Families live in tents and caravans provided by a local NGO, but there is little shade and no electricity. The camp is far from the nearest health center, and some inhabitants suffer from chronic diseases. Percent of IDP Families Identifying Need 0.6% 18.3% 81.7% Priority Needs of IDPs 28.0% 1.1% 42.7% Water Shelter Food Education Health Access to work 2.0% 0.5% 76.0% Legal help Hygiene Other

5 ADRESSING IDP NEEDS IN SULAYMANIYAH IOM Iraq s Joint Operations Cell (JOC) works to mitigate emergency needs while looking at sustainable measures such as income-generating activities as part of the transition from relief to recovery. July 2008 Digging deep wells, installing submersible water pumps, and facilitating water provisions for vulnerable communities hosting IDPs Iraq s northern governorates often suffer from drought conditions. Many villages, including the target village in this project, lack access to potable water and need a steady source for both the IDPs and host communities in the area. During the winter months, IOM well-digging projects helped 6400 beneficiaries in the KRG. IOM Ongoing and Recently Completed Projects in July 2008 Digging deep wells, installing submersible water pumps, and facilitating water provisions for vulnerable communities hosting IDPs September 2008 Kurdish language training for IDPs September 2008 Rehabilitation of Lazaka primary school in Miserek and two schools in Chamchamal district, and building an additional four classrooms in each October 2008 Digging four deep wells in Halabja to alleviate drought conditions November 2008 Facilitating the renovation and building a four-room extension of Kostaicham Public Health Center in Bakrajo March 2009 Providing relief to drought-affected areas in the governorate through water trucking July 2009 Distributing an emergency food basket to IDP families in Qawala camp RECOMMENDED FUTURE PROJECTS IN SULAYMANIYAH IOM s Joint Operations Cell (JOC) maintains a database of project recommendations submitted by IOM field monitors and others working in Iraq. The following are applicable in : The distribution of essential food and non-food items to IDPs in urban areas of - Distributions are based on IOM s Monitoring and Needs Assessments, or in response to specific alerts or recommendations from implementing partners in Iraq The provision of potable water to 64 IDP families in the Zeranok area - Water-borne diseases such as cholera are a serious threat to IDP communities, especially during the hot summer months. Access to clean water is essential to community health and stability IOMJOC@IOM.INT Please note that displacement and return are occurring on a continuous basis, and IOM strives to update this information as frequently as possible. Through its monitoring and needs assessments, IOM has also developed periodic displacement updates, yearly and mid-year reviews, returnee needs assessments, and other reports. For these and information on the IOM s needs assessment methodology, see For further information on IDPs and returnees in Iraq, please contact Rex Alamban, Head of IOM Iraq Joint Operations Cell at ralamban@iom.int or Liana Paris, IOM Monitoring Officer, at lparis@iom.int ( extensions 1067 and 1033).