DOI: / Cultural Awareness in the Military

Transcription

1 DOI: / Cultural Awareness in the Military

2 Other Palgrave Pivot titles Menno Spiering: A Cultural History of British Euroscepticism Matthew Hollow: Rogue Banking: A History of Financial Fraud in Interwar Britain Alexandra Lewis: Security, Clans and Tribes: Unstable Clans in Somaliland, Yemen and the Gulf of Aden Sandy Schumann: How the Internet Shapes Collective Actions Christy M. Oslund: Disability Services and Disability Studies in Higher Education: History, Contexts, and Social Impacts Erika Mansnerus: Modelling in Public Health Research: How Mathematical Techniques Keep Us Healthy William Forbes and Lynn Hodgkinson: Corporate Governance in the United Kingdom: Past, Present and Future Michela Magliacani: Managing Cultural Heritage: Ecomuseums, Community Governance and Social Accountability Sara Hsu and Nathan Perry: Lessons in Sustainable Development from Malaysia and Indonesia Ted Newell: Five Paradigms for Education: Foundational Views and Key Issues Sophie Body-Gendrot and Catherine Wihtol de Wenden: Policing the Inner City in France, Britain, and the US William Sims Bainbridge: An Information Technology Surrogate for Religion: The Veneration of Deceased Family in Online Games Anthony Ridge-Newman: Cameron s Conservatives and the Internet: Change, Culture and Cyber Toryism Ian Budge and Sarah Birch: National Policy in a Global Economy: How Government Can Improve Living Standards and Balance the Books Barend Lutz and Pierre du Toit: Defining Democracy in a Digital Age: Political Support on Social Media Assaf Razin and Efraim Sadka: Migration States and Welfare States: Why Is America Different from Europe? Conra D. Gist: Preparing Teachers of Color to Teach: Culturally Responsive Teacher Education in Theory and Practice David Baker: Police, Picket-Lines and Fatalities: Lessons from the Past Lassi Heininen (editor): Security and Sovereignty in the North Atlantic Steve Coulter: New Labour Policy, Industrial Relations and the Trade Unions Ayman A. El-Desouky: The Intellectual and the People in Egyptian Literature and Culture: Amāra and the 2011 Revolution William Van Lear: The Social Effects of Economic Thinking Mark E. Schaefer and John G. Poffenbarger: The Formation of the BRICS and Its Implication for the United States: Emerging Together Donatella Padua: John Maynard Keynes and the Economy of Trust: The Relevance of the Keynesian Social Thought in a Global Society Davinia Thornley: Cinema, Cross-Cultural Collaboration, and Criticism: Filming on an Uneven Field DOI: /

3 Cultural Awareness in the Military: Developments and Implications for Future Humanitarian Cooperation Edited by Robert Albro Research Associate Professor, American University, USA and Bill Ivey Principal, Global Cultural Strategies, USA DOI: /

4 Editorial selection, matter and introduction Robert Albro and Bill Ivey 2014 Individual chapters their respective authors 2014 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6 10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act First published 2014 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number , of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave and Macmillan are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN: PDF ISBN: This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. doi: /

5 Contents Acknowledgements Notes on Contributors vii ix 1 Introduction: Military Cultural Capacity after Afghanistan 1 Robert Albro and Bill Ivey 2 Cautionary Tales from the US Department of Defense s Pursuit of Cultural Expertise 15 Kerry B. Fosher 3 Changing Culture with Culture at the US Naval Academy 30 Clementine Fujimura 4 Cultural Education and Training: The Era of COIN 42 Rochelle Davis 5 Humanitarian-Military Collaboration: Social and Cultural Aspects of Interoperability 57 Robert A. Rubinstein 6 The Unsolved Issues of Protection and Recovery of Cultural Heritage in Times of Conflict 73 Lynn H. Nicholas 7 Beyond the 1954 Hague Convention 83 Patty Gerstenblith DOI: / v

6 vi Contents 8 Introducing Cultural Heritage Management to the US Military 100 Laurie W. Rush 9 A Journalist s Reflections on the Military Cultural Turn 112 Steve Coll Index 123 DOI: /

7 Acknowledgements This volume is the product of a successful invited conference held in Washington DC in early December of 2011, which convened social scientists, military and humanitarian response professionals, cultural and security policy specialists, and students, among others. The conference gained immeasurable support from its host, the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, as one of Washington DC s premier research and policy centers. For this, we extend our gratitude to Michael Van Dusen, then Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, and Maria-Stella Gatzoulis, Special Events Coordinator/Planner, and staffs. The framework and priorities for this meeting were largely generated by an advisory committee, which included the editors and chapter contributor Clementine Fujimura, but also Brig. Gen. Nolen V. Bivens, retired, and Paula Cleggett, then Associate Director of Policy for the Curb Center for Art, Enterprise, and Public Policy at Vanderbilt University. The editors would like to offer special thanks to Paula for her generosity. She was not only indispensible in organizing the conference but also in preparing presentations for eventual publication and in keeping things moving forward. This volume is part of a wider conversation, which includes invited panelists from the 2011 conference who could not be represented here: Brian Selmeski, Martin Short, Carter Malkasian, and Fred Hiebert. We would like to thank each for enriching the first formal phase of this conversation with their experience and expertise. DOI: / vii

8 viii Acknowledgements The Curb Center s Arts Industries Policy Forum, of which this meeting was the last installment, was successfully executed over the years owing to the experience and dedication of Heather Lefkowitz, then the Center s program manager. Student intern Maria Hibbard also assisted with research support for the meeting. The authors would also like to thank Scott Swanson and Paradigm Publishers for permission to reproduce material in Chapter 5. DOI: /

9 Notes on Contributors Robert Albro is a sociocultural anthropologist and Research Associate Professor in American University s Center for Latin American & Latino Studies. He maintains a comparative research focus on the meaning and application of cultural policy across arenas of national security, public diplomacy, human rights, science and technology. He has been a Fulbright scholar, and has held fellowships at the Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs, the Kluge Center of the Library of Congress, and the Smithsonian Institution. He is the author and editor of two books and received the President s Award in 2009 for outstanding contributions to the American Anthropological Association. Steve Coll is an American journalist, author, and business executive. He is currently the dean of the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. He is a former president and CEO of New America Foundation, and has been a staff writer for The New Yorker. He worked at the Washington Post from 1985 until 2005, including as the newspaper s managing editor from 1998 to Among many accolades, Coll is the recipient of two Pulitzer Prize Awards. In 2012, he was elected to the Pulitzer Prize Board. He is the author of seven books. Rochelle Davis is Associate Professor of Anthropology in the Center for Contemporary Arab Studies in the School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University. Her past and current research focuses on Iraqi, Syrian, and Palestinian refugees and war. Davis s book, Palestinian Village Histories: Geographies of the Displaced (2011), was co-winner of the Middle East Studies Association s Albert Hourani Book Award. DOI: / ix

10 x Notes on Contributors Kerry B. Fosher is a cultural anthropologist focused on national security organizations. She currently directs a multi-disciplinary research group for the Marine Corps, leading team projects on topics such as resilience, ethics, and the use of cross-cultural skills among military personnel. Her current research examines military organizations ability to understand and use scientific knowledge and expertise. She is also the author of Under Construction: Making Homeland Security at the Local Level (2009). Clementine Fujimura is Professor and Chair of the Languages and Cultures Department at the US Naval Academy, Annapolis. Dr. Fujimura is the only Full Professor of Anthropology at the United States Naval Academy and, while teaching courses in Russian and German Languages, Cultures and Literatures, she also teaches Cultural Anthropology and Intercultural Communication. Fujimura has written two books along with numerous articles and chapters on the subject of orphans in Russia and military culture. Patty Gerstenblith is Distinguished Research Professor of Law at DePaul University and director of its Center for Art, Museum and Cultural Heritage Law. She has been Director of the US Committee of the Blue Shield since its founding in 2006 and, in 2011, she was appointed by President Obama to serve as the Chair of the President s Cultural Property Advisory Committee in the US Department of State. Her publications include the casebook, Art, Cultural Heritage and the Law, and, among her articles, Protecting Cultural Heritage in Armed Conflict: Looking Back, Looking Forward, published in the Cardozo Public Law, Policy & Ethics Journal. Bill Ivey is an American folklorist. A graduate of the University of Michigan, he was director of the Country Music Foundation. He was also appointed chairman of the National Endowment for the Arts, by President Bill Clinton and served from 1998 to He directed the Curb Center for Art, Enterprise & Public Policy, at Vanderbilt University, from 2002 to He is the author of Engaging Art: the Next Great Transformation of America s Cultural Life (2007), Arts, Inc.: How Greed and Neglect Have Destroyed Our Cultural Rights (2008), and Handmaking America: A Back-to-Basics Pathway to a Revitalized American Democracy (2012). Lynn H. Nicholas is the author of The Rape of Europa: The Fate of Europe s Treasures in the Third Reich and the Second World War (1994), which received the National Book Critics Circle Award in 1995 and is the basis for a documentary film. Nicholas has served as an expert witness in numerous restitution cases and testified before Congress on restitution issues. She was DOI: /

11 Notes on Contributors xi a presenter at the Washington Conference on Holocaust Era Assets at the State Department in 1998, and a member of the US Delegation to the Prague Conference in She has been awarded the Legion d Honneur by France and the Amicus Poloniae by Poland. Robert A. Rubinstein is professor of Anthropology and International Relations at The Maxwell School of Syracuse University, where from 1994 to 2005 he directed the Program on the Analysis and Resolution of Conflicts. He earned his Ph.D. in Social and Cultural Anthropology from the State University of New York, Binghamton. Rubinstein s research focuses on peacekeeping and conflict management, and public health. He is author or editor of nine books, including Peacekeeping Under Fire: Culture and Intervention (2008) and Dangerous Liaisons: Anthropologists and the National Security State (2011). In 2010, he received the Robert B. Textor and Family Prize for Excellence in Anticipatory Anthropology. Laurie W. Rush received her B.A. from Indiana University, Bloomington, and Ph.D. from Northwestern University. She is a Cultural Resources Manager and Federal Archaeologist, US Army, Fort Drum, NY. Rush works internationally to educate military personnel with respect to cultural property protection during the course of military operations. Among other awards, she was the Booth Family Rome Prize winner for in Historic Preservation. She is a board member of the US Committee of the Blue Shield and editor of Archaeology, Cultural Heritage, and the Military (2010). DOI: /

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