GCE. Government and Politics. Mark Scheme for June Advanced GCE F856 Political Ideas and Concepts in Practice

Transcription

1 GCE Gvernment and Plitics Advanced GCE F856 Plitical Ideas and Cncepts in Practice Mark Scheme fr June 2010 Oxfrd Cambridge and RSA Examinatins

2 OCR (Oxfrd Cambridge and RSA) is a leading UK awarding bdy, prviding a wide range f qualificatins t meet the needs f pupils f all ages and abilities. OCR qualificatins include AS/A Levels, Diplmas, GCSEs, OCR Natinals, Functinal Skills, Key Skills, Entry Level qualificatins, NVQs and vcatinal qualificatins in areas such as IT, business, languages, teaching/training, administratin and secretarial skills. It is als respnsible fr develping new specificatins t meet natinal requirements and the needs f students and teachers. OCR is a nt-fr-prfit rganisatin; any surplus made is invested back int the establishment t help twards the develpment f qualificatins and supprt which keep pace with the changing needs f tday s sciety. This mark scheme is published as an aid t teachers and students, t indicate the requirements f the examinatin. It shws the basis n which marks were awarded by Examiners. It des nt indicate the details f the discussins which tk place at an Examiners meeting befre marking cmmenced. All Examiners are instructed that alternative crrect answers and unexpected appraches in candidates scripts must be given marks that fairly reflect the relevant knwledge and skills demnstrated. Mark schemes shuld be read in cnjunctin with the published questin papers and the Reprt n the Examinatin. OCR will nt enter int any discussin r crrespndence in cnnectin with this mark scheme. OCR 2010 Any enquiries abut publicatins shuld be addressed t: OCR Publicatins PO Bx 5050 Annesley NOTTINGHAM NG15 0DL Telephne: Facsimile: publicatins@cr.rg.uk

3 Advanced GCE Assessment Matrix There are fur levels f assessment f all three AOs in the A2 units. Level 4 is the highest level that can reasnably be expected frm a candidate at the end an Advanced GCE curse. Level Assessment Objective 1 Assessment Objective 2 Assessment Objective Thrugh and accurate knwledge and clear and detailed understanding f relevant cncepts, ideas and plitical systems. Ability t make valid cmparisns between them. Gd knwledge and understanding f relevant cncepts, ideas and plitical systems. Ability t make sme valid cmparisns between them. Limited knwledge and understanding f relevant cncepts, ideas and plitical systems. Limited awareness f standard pints f cmparisn. Basic and generalised knwledge and understanding f relevant cncepts, ideas and plitical systems. Such knwledge and understanding will be incmplete and/r f tenuus relevance and may cntain significant errrs. Basic awareness f standard pints f cmparisn. High level f skill in the interpretatin, analysis and evaluatin f relevant plitical infrmatin (including, the identificatin f parallels, cnnectins, similarities and differences between aspects f the plitical systems studied). Ability t recgnise bias and faulty argument and t reasn effectively twards an individual and infrmed cnclusin. Gd level f skill in the interpretatin, analysis and evaluatin f the relevant plitical issues (including, the identificatin f parallels, cnnectins, similarities and differences between aspects f the plitical systems studied). Sme attempt t recgnise bias and faulty argument and t reasn sensibly twards a sund cnclusin. Limited level f skill in the interpretatin, analysis and evaluatin f the relevant plitical issues (including, the identificatin f parallels, cnnectins, similarities and differences between aspects f the plitical systems studied). Limited attempt t explain a few f the mre bvius pints central t the questin and t recgnise and describe sme differing viewpints. Reasning may be incmplete and, while pinins may be ffered, they are unlikely t be supprted by argument. Basic skill in the interpretatin, analysis and evaluatin f sme f the relevant plitical issues (including, the identificatin f parallels, cnnectins, similarities and differences between aspects f the plitical systems studied). Basic attempt t explain the simpler pints central t the questin and it is likely that nly ne viewpint will be recgnised. There will be little evidence f reasning. Ability t distinguish relevant and imprtant factrs crrectly and integrate these int a balanced, wellfcused argument. Ability t cmmunicate this clearly and present it legibly and lgically in fluent cherent style cntaining few, if any, errrs f grammar, punctuatin and spelling. Ability t identify the mst imprtant factrs and present a relevant argument legibly and clearly if, at times, lacking incisiveness. There may be ccasinal errrs f grammar, punctuatin and spelling. Limited attempt t distinguish relevant material, which is assembled int a limited argument with sme sense f rder and legibility. There may be sme errrs f grammar, punctuatin and spelling. An attempt is made t shape an argument at a basic level, which lacks cherence, legibility and directin, and is unselective. Cntains intrusive errrs f grammar, punctuatin and spelling. 1

4 1 T what extent is the thery and practice f direct demcracy relevant t mdern plitics? [50] Specificatin; Demcracy in practice - elements f direct demcracy. AO1 AO2 AO3 Level Level Level Level AO1[20]; AO2[24]; AO3[6] AO1: Candidates shuld display knwledge and understanding f the meaning and peratin f direct demcracy. They shuld display understanding f sme f the fllwing: The meaning f direct demcracy - including understanding f the peratin f direct demcracy in ancient Athens Methds available t achieve direct demcracy in mdern plitics including referendums, initiative, citizens juries, twn hall demcracy, recall vtes, 'e' demcracy Operatin n a regular basis f direct demcracy in Switzerland. Credit candidates wh illustrate their understanding with reference t mdern plitics. This might include: Usage f referendums in the UK - eg devlutin 79 and 97, retentin EC membership 75, Gd Friday Agreement 98, Nrth East Assembly 2004, Bristl Cuncil tax 2001 and Edinburgh Cngestin Charge 2005 Calitin prmise f a referendum n AV fr General Electins due in 2011 Usage f referendums internatinally - eg EU membership vtes in accessin states, referendums in Hlland and France rejecting the EU Cnstitutin, Irish referendums ver the Amsterdam and Lisbn Treaties Usage f initiatives at US state level such as prpsitin 13 in Califrnia Usage f citizens juries in UK - eg NHS future and lcal planning applicatins. Credit candidates wh make reference t relevant plitical thinkers. This might include: Plat Russeau de Tcqueville Burke Mill. In rder t access the higher mark bands candidates must include specific examples drawn frm plitical thery as well as mdern plitics. Award twards the tp f L4 where there is a cmprehensive and sphisticated variety f factual and thery evidence used. AO2: Candidates shuld: Discuss the extent f the relevance f direct demcracy. This might include: The practical prblems assciated with the regular use f direct demcratic methds The debate ver the desirability f regular invlvement f the citizenship in the decisin-making prcess - elitists versus radical demcrats The ptential impact upn representative institutins and issues relating t svereignty 2

5 Dangers f majrity tyranny The ptential fr further grwth in apathy and thus decisins made by vcal minrities The usage f plebiscites t give a semblance f legitimacy t dictatrial regimes. In rder t access the higher mark bands candidates must g beynd a descriptin f the varius methds f achieving direct demcracy and cnsider practical and theretical implicatins upn mdern plitics. Award at L4 where there is clear evaluatin f the ptential fr direct demcracy, addressing bth practical and theretical cnsideratins. Award at the tp f the level where there is clear sphisticatin in the analysis. AO3: Credit the ability t cmmunicate legibly, fluently, cherently, using specialist vcabulary and taking int cnsideratin spelling, punctuatin and grammar. L4 answers will be cherent, fluent and cntain very few spelling and punctuatin errrs. L3 answers will fcus upn the main relevant themes f the questin and cmmunicate in an effective manner with nly minr spelling and punctuatin errrs. L2 answers will nly cver the mst central issues f the questin and may cntain significant spelling and punctuatin errrs. L1 answers will make nly the mst basic f attempts t address the questin and have serius prblems with spelling and punctuatin. 3

6 2 Discuss which mdel f the rle f the state best describes the UK. [50] Specificatin; The state, the natin, svereignty and glbalisatin in practice the rle f the mdern natin state. AO1 AO2 AO3 Level Level Level Level AO1[20]; AO2[24]; AO3[6] AO1: Candidates shuld display knwledge and understanding f the mdels f the rle played by the state in mdern plitics. They shuld display understanding f sme f the fllwing: The varius mdels n the rle f the state - eg nightwatchman, develpment, demcratic, cllectivist and ttalitarian Methds f state interventinism - eg prvisin f public services, taxatin and limits impsed upn n individual actins and freedms The peratin f the UK state - eg welfare prvisins, law and rder, prtectin f natinal security, regulatin and interventin in the ecnmy. Credit candidates wh illustrate their understanding with reference t mdern plitics. This might include: Evidence fr the peratin f each mdel Nightwatchman - setting up f independent Bank f England Mnetary Cmmittee t lessen rle f the state in setting interest rates, scaling back f state during Thatcher years and prmting law and rder agenda. Camern s manifest appeal fr a Big Sciety rather than Big Gvernment (nte planned reductins in the scpe f state activity in the 2010 Budget) Develpmental - Keynesian style state interventin t prmte ecnmic grwth, partnership style ecnmic schemes t encurage private sectr investment Scial demcratic - creatin f welfare state, redistributive taxatin system and belief in state prvisin f key public services such as health care and educatin Cllectivist - frmer natinalisatin f key industries pre , state wnership f Nrthern Rck Ttalitarian - accusatins f grwing state pwers relating t dmestic security eg use f CCTV cameras, strengthening f anti-terrrism legislatin such as 28 and ptentially 42 day detentin pwers. Credit candidates wh make reference t relevant plitical thinkers. This might include: Hbbes Lcke Russeau Marx Keynes Nzick. In rder t access the higher mark bands candidates must include specific examples drawn frm plitical thery as well as mdern plitics. Award twards the tp f L4 where there is a cmprehensive and sphisticated variety f factual and thery evidence used. 4

7 AO2: Candidates shuld discuss the relevance f the different mdels f the state in UK piitics. Candidates shuld analyse relevant plitical issues. These might include: The extent f state interventinism used in the UK balanced against rle f the individual and private sectr Changing idelgical basis f the UK plitics eg mve frm laissez faire style state in pre 20th century Britain t mre interventinist - scial demcratic/cllectivized state fllwing WWII, but retreat frm interventinism pst 79 under Thatcher and finally scial market cnsensus pst 97. Party plitical differences n the rle f the state, nte debate ver the emergence f greater cnsensus and idelgical cnvergence. Nte Camern s idea f the Big Sciety The relevance f the Marxist view n the burgeis state. In rder t access the higher mark bands candidates shuld avid just describing the mdels as well as include analysis f a range f mdels. Expect candidates t discunt the mre extreme mdels (eg ttalitarian) and prbably cnclude that different aspects f a range f mdels are in evidence. Award at L4 where there is clear evaluatin f each f the mdels and an effective argument made indicating why ne mdel is best suited. Award at the tp f the level where there is clear sphisticatin in the analysis. AO3: Credit the ability t cmmunicate legibly, fluently, cherently, using specialist vcabulary and taking int cnsideratin spelling, punctuatin and grammar. L4 answers will be cherent, fluent and cntain very few spelling and punctuatin errrs. L3 answers will fcus upn the main relevant themes f the questin and cmmunicate in an effective manner with nly minr spelling and punctuatin errrs. L2 answers will nly cver the mst central issues f the questin and may cntain significant spelling and punctuatin errrs. L1 answers will make nly the mst basic f attempts t address the questin and have serius prblems with spelling and punctuatin. 5

8 3 Discuss hw far there is a legitimatin crisis in mdern demcracy. [50] Specificatin; Pwer, authrity and Iegitimacy in practice - the extent f a legitimatin crisis in mdern sciety. AO1 AO2 AO3 Level Level Level Level AO1[20]; AO2[24]; AO3[6] AO1: Candidates shuld display knwledge and understanding f the meaning and evidence fr the applicability f a legitimatin crisis in mdern demcracy. They shuld display understanding f sme f the fllwing: The meaning f a legitimatin crisis The prblems assciated with declining cnfidence in liberal capitalist systems Evidence f declining participatin in the plitical systems. Credit candidates wh illustrate their understanding with reference t mdern plitics. This might include: Cmparisn f the 1970s descriptin f a legitimatin crisis with recent hike in il and energy prices Impact f credit crunch n huse prices and cnsumer cnfidence Statistics n lw turnut in range f electins in UK and ther demcracies Evidence f decline in civic participatin in public activities Rise in glbal anti-capitalist pressure grups and direct actin activities. Credit candidates wh make reference t relevant plitical thinkers. This might include: Marx Gramsci Habermas Galbraith Puttnam Almnd and Verba. In rder t access the higher mark bands candidates must include specific examples drawn frm plitical thery as well as mdern plitics. Award twards the tp f L4 where there is a cmprehensive and sphisticated variety f factual and thery evidence used. AO2: Candidates shuld discuss the extent f the existence f a legitimatin crisis in mdern plitics. Candidates shuld analyse relevant plitical issues. These might include: The Marxist critique f capitalism and its cyclical nature Ne-Marxist analysis f the crises f cnfidence in mdern capitalism Pressures upn mdern capitalism attributed t rising energy csts, envirnmental prblems, shift in balance f ecnmic pwer between East and West and prblems assciated with financial systems Rise f an underclass in western plitics Failure f gvernments t meet prmises f rising cnsumer affluence Ptential impact f welfare and public sectr cuts annunced in the 2010 Budget 'Bwling Alne' thesis. 6

9 Candidates must apply the cncept f a legitimatin crisis t mdern plitics and nt just describe the thesis in rder t access the higher mark bands. Award at L4 where there is an effective balanced analysis f the relevance f theries n a legitimatin crisis in mdern plitics with relevant applicatin made t mdern evidence. Award at the tp f the level where there is clear sphisticatin in the analysis. AO3: Credit the ability t cmmunicate legibly, fluently, cherently, using specialist vcabulary and taking int cnsideratin spelling, punctuatin and grammar. L4 answers will be cherent, fluent and cntain very few spelling and punctuatin errrs. L3 answers will fcus upn the main relevant themes f the questin and cmmunicate in an effective manner with nly minr spelling and punctuatin errrs. L2 answers will nly cver the mst central issues f the questin and may cntain significant spelling and punctuatin errrs. L1 answers will make nly the mst basic f attempts t address the questin and have serius prblems with spelling and punctuatin. 7

10 4 Discuss the extent t which the UK can still be regarded as a fundamentally free sciety. [50] Specificatin; Rights, liberty and equality in practice - the extent f liberty in sciety. AO1 AO2 AO3 Level Level Level Level AO1[20]; AO2[24]; AO3[6] AO1: Candidates shuld display knwledge and understanding f the meaning f liberty in the UK. They shuld display understanding f sme f the fllwing: The meaning f a free sciety Different types f freedm eg psitive and negative Cultural traditin f liberty in the UK Plitical institutins designed t prmte and prtect individual liberty Methds t achieve redress f grievances Ptential threats t liberty in the UK. Credit candidates wh illustrate their understanding with reference t mdern plitics. This might include: Cmmn law presumptins f individual liberty Human Rights Act and ther legislatin (eg Freedm f Infrmatin Act) and the prmtin f individual liberty (nte ptential revisin f Human Rights Act under Calitin Gvernment) Methds f develping psitive liberty thrugh public educatin, redistributive taxatin and welfare services Restrictins n freedm such as anti-terrrism legislatin, limits n freedm f speech and activity and changes t legal system t threatening traditinal rights and liberties (eg Habeas Crpus and right t silence) David Davis' by-electin fcusing upn lss f traditinal rights and liberties in the UK Nick Clegg s prmise t repeal large number f restrictive legislatin. Credit candidates wh make reference t relevant plitical thinkers. This might include: Lcke Mill TH Green Tawney Nzick Hayek. In rder t access the higher mark bands candidates must include specific examples drawn frm plitical thery as well as mdern plitics. Award twards the tp f L4 where there is a cmprehensive and sphisticated variety f factual and thery evidence used. AO2: Candidates shuld discuss the extent f liberty in the UK. Candidates shuld analyse relevant plitical issues. These might include: The debate ver the meaning f a free sciety (classical, mdern Iiberals and Marxists) Attempt by gvernments t guarantee and prmte varius frms f liberty 8

11 Imprtance f liberal principles t British plitics Rise in threats pst 9/11 Criticism f the decline in individual liberty by pressure grups such as Liberty and Charter 88 Balance between freedm and duties t the state. In rder t access the higher mark bands candidates must give a balanced argument that highlights encrachment upn civil liberties as well as cntinued imprtance. Descriptins f civil liberties in the UK shuld nly access at maximum L2. Award at L4 where there is an effective and balanced attempt t relate the theries f a free sciety, with the use f an apprpriate criteria, t the reality f mdern Britain. Award at the tp f the level where there is clear sphisticatin in the analysis. AO3: Credit the ability t cmmunicate legibly, fluently, cherently, using specialist vcabulary and taking int cnsideratin spelling, punctuatin and grammar. L4 answers will be cherent, fluent and cntain very few spelling and punctuatin errrs. L3 answers will fcus upn the main relevant themes f the questin and cmmunicate in an effective manner with nly minr spelling and punctuatin errrs. L2 answers will nly cver the mst central issues f the questin and may cntain significant spelling and punctuatin errrs. L1 answers will make nly the mst basic f attempts t address the questin and have serius prblems with spelling and punctuatin. 9

12 5 Discuss the extent t which the principles behind civil disbedience can be used t justify mdern direct actin campaigns. [50] Specificatin; Law, rder, bligatin and justice in practice - civil disbedience thrugh direct actin. AO1 AO2 AO3 Level Level Level Level AO1[20]; AO2[24]; AO3[6] AO1: Candidates shuld display knwledge and understanding f the basis f civil disbedience and its usage t justify direct actin campaigns. They shuld display understanding f sme f the fllwing: The meaning f civil disbedience Understanding f the key principles behind civil disbedience The meaning f direct actin and its usage in mdern plitics. Credit candidates wh illustrate their understanding with reference t mdern plitics. This might include: Anti-pll tax campaign 1980s Fuel prtest 2001 Greenpeace byctt f Shell petrl statins 1995 Anti-vivisectin grups' campaigns against animal-testing labratries Fathers 4 Justice plitical stunts Success f Plane Stupid in halting Heathrw expansin. Credit candidates wh make reference t relevant plitical thinkers. This might include: Threau Gandhi Martin Luther King. In rder t access the higher mark bands candidates must include specific examples drawn frm plitical thery as well as mdern plitics. Award twards the tp f L4 where there is a cmprehensive and sphisticated variety f factual and thery evidence used. AO2: Candidates shuld discuss the relevance f the justificatins f civil disbedience t mdern direct actin campaigns. Candidates shuld analyse relevant plitical issues. These might include: Varius justificatins used t supprt the cncept f civil disbedience - eg the belief in a higher mral cde, the rejectin f the validity f a specific law, the breaking f a minr law t highlight the iniquities f a mre imprtant issue, and the lack f alternative plitical means t express dissatisfactin Justificatins made fr direct actin - hw far d they link t the abve? Hw far can the justificatins be supprted in a demcratic sciety? Criticism f the use f civil disbedience - eg undermining f demcratic representative plitics, distrting plitical agenda, subjectivity in appeals t higher mral cde and threat t the rule f law. In rder t access the higher mark bands candidates must seek t lk at bth the supprt fr and criticisms f the use f civil disbedience. A cmpletely ne sided answer shuld nly access at maximum L2. Award at L4 where there is effective and balanced analysis f the theretical justificatins applied t mdern direct actin 10

13 campaigns. Award at the tp f the level where there is clear sphisticatin in the analysis. AO3: Credit the ability t cmmunicate legibly, fluently, cherently, using specialist vcabulary and taking int cnsideratin spelling, punctuatin and grammar. L4 answers will be cherent, fluent and cntain very few spelling and punctuatin errrs. L3 answers will fcus upn the main relevant themes f the questin and cmmunicate in an effective manner with nly minr spelling and punctuatin errrs. L2 answers will nly cver the mst central issues f the questin and may cntain significant spelling and punctuatin errrs. L1 answers will make nly the mst basic f attempts t address the questin and have serius prblems with spelling and punctuatin. 11

14 6 Assess the legacy f Thatcherism n mdern British plitics. [50] Specificatin; Cntemprary cnservatism and natinalism - the legacy f Thatcherism. AO1 AO2 AO3 Level Level Level Level AO1[20]; AO2[24]; AO3[6] AO1: Candidates shuld display knwledge and understanding f the basis f Thatcherism and its influences n mdern plitics. They shuld display understanding f sme f the fllwing: The meaning f Thatcherism - eg refrmist agenda, mnetarist plicy linked t classical liberal ecnmic themes, scial cnservatism, belief in strng centralised gvernment (persnified by strng persnal leadership) remving alternative pwer bases and strng supprt fr the natin state Develpments in British plitics pst 1990 Party idelgies f the mainstream British parties. Credit candidates wh illustrate their understanding with reference t mdern plitics. This might include: Cntinuatin f Thatcherite ecnmic plicies pst 1990 (declining public wnership, emphasis n lw inflatin and free market cmpetitin, intrductin f private sectr methds and invlvement in delivering public services) 2010 Budget reducing extent f the public sectr and welfare expenditure Retentin f Trade Unin legislatin Emphasis upn law and rder and persnal respnsibility agenda Intrductin f devlutin and creatin f EU Expansin f rights-based culture pst 97. Credit candidates wh make reference t relevant plitical thinkers. This might include: Hayek Friedman Jseph Giddens Gray Rawls. In rder t access the higher mark bands candidates must include specific examples drawn frm plitical thery as well as mdern plitics. Award twards the tp f L4 where there is a cmprehensive and sphisticated variety f factual and thery evidence used. AO2: Candidates shuld assess the extent f influence f Thatcherism n mdern British plitics. Candidates shuld analyse relevant plitical issues. These might include: The influence f the Thatcherite agenda n the Cnservative Party pst 1990 this shuld include shift t the right pst 97 until electin f Camern and emphasis upn features f cmpassinate cnservatism Influence upn New Labur and Third Way in plicies and style f leadership Has there been a cntinuatin f a Thatcherite agenda r the creatin f a new scial market agenda? Camern s ideas n the Big Sciety. 12

15 In rder t access the higher mark bands candidates must attempt a balance in analysing the extent f her legacy. Descriptins f Thatcherism r her plicies shuld nly be awarded at a maximum f L2. Award at L4 where there is effective analysis f the legacy f Thatcherism acrss the plitical spectrum and attempts made t cnsider if there is a nw a clear pst-thatcherite cnsensus in mdern plitics. Award at the tp f the level where there is clear sphisticatin in the analysis. AO3: Credit the ability t cmmunicate legibly, fluently, cherently, using specialist vcabulary and taking int cnsideratin spelling, punctuatin and grammar. L4 answers will be cherent, fluent and cntain very few spelling and punctuatin errrs. L3 answers will fcus upn the main relevant themes f the questin and cmmunicate in an effective manner with nly minr spelling and punctuatin errrs. L2 answers will nly cver the mst central issues f the questin and may cntain significant spelling and punctuatin errrs. L1 answers will make nly the mst basic f attempts t address the questin and have serius prblems with spelling and punctuatin. 13

16 7 Assess whether demcratic scialism still has a rle t play in British plitics. [50] Specificatin; Cntemprary liberalism and scialism - the debate between scial demcracy and demcratic scialism. AO1 AO2 AO3 Level Level Level Level AO1[20]; AO2[24]; AO3[6] AO1: Candidates shuld display knwledge and understanding f the meaning f demcratic scialism and evidence f its rle in mdern British plitics. They shuld display understanding f sme f the fllwing: The meaning f demcratic scialism The meaning f scial demcracy Basis f Labur Party plicy and the meaning f the Third Way. Credit candidates wh illustrate their understanding with reference t mdern plitics. This might include: Decline in public wnership Rewriting f Clause 4 Public-private sectr partnerships New Labur's liberal emphasis n individual rights prtectin Grwth in investment in public services especially health and educatin Gerge Gallway's victry in Bethnal Green and Bw 2005 (nte defeat in 2010) Rle f the Tribune and Campaign Grups in the Labur Party Candidature f Diane Abbtt in the 2010 Labur Party Leadership cntest. Credit candidates wh make reference t relevant plitical thinkers. This might include: Tawney Crsland Giddens Benn. In rder t access the higher mark bands candidates must include specific examples drawn frm plitical thery as well as mdern plitics. Award twards the tp f L4 where there is a cmprehensive and sphisticated variety f factual and thery evidence used. AO2: Candidates shuld assess the relevance f demcratic scialism t mdern British plitics. Candidates shuld analyse relevant plitical issues. These might include: The idelgical basis f New Labur - scial demcratic r Third Way Impact f 2010 electin defeat and ptential shift t the left Differences between demcratic scialism and scial demcracy Decline in supprt fr cllectivist principles Idelgical cnvergence Decline in size f traditinal wrking class The ptential fr grwth f scialist alternatives t New Labur. T access the higher mark bands candidates shuld cnsider evidence fr and against the cntinued relevance f demcratic scialism. Descriptins f demcratic scialism shuld nly be awarded at L2. Award at L4 fr where there is effective analysis f the relevance f demcratic scialism, appreciating its links t changes in the nature f mdern pst-industrial sciety. Award at the tp f the level where there is clear sphisticatin in the analysis. 14

17 AO3: Credit the ability t cmmunicate legibly, fluently, cherently, using specialist vcabulary and taking int cnsideratin spelling, punctuatin and grammar. L4 answers will be cherent, fluent and cntain very few spelling and punctuatin errrs. L3 answers will fcus upn the main relevant themes f the questin and cmmunicate in an effective manner with nly minr spelling and punctuatin errrs. L2 answers will nly cver the mst central issues f the questin and may cntain significant spelling and punctuatin errrs. L1 answers will make nly the mst basic f attempts t address the questin and have serius prblems with spelling and punctuatin. 15

18 8 Discuss the view that envirnmentalism is becming increasingly imprtant in shaping the mdern plitical agenda. [50] Specificatin; The impact f alternative idelgies - the critique ffered by envirnmentalism. AO1 AO2 AO3 Level Level Level Level AO1[20]; AO2[24]; AO3[6] AO1: Candidates shuld display knwledge and understanding f envirnmentalism and evidence f its relevance t mdern plitics. They shuld display understanding f sme f the fllwing: The meaning f envirnmentalism Varius frms f envirnmentalism including liberal envirnmentalism and eclgism Envirnmental cncerns including glbal warming, depletin f energy resurces and the necessity fr restructuring f relatinship between humanity and nature. Credit candidates wh illustrate their understanding with reference t mdern plitics. This might include: Party plicy n envirnmental issues - eg Cnservative 'Vte blue g green' agenda, New Labur signing up t Kyt Prtcl and supprt fr reductin in carbn emissins - Liberal Supprt fr green taxes (partially taken up by the new Calitin Gvernment) Rle f envirnmental pressure grups eg Greenpeace and Friends f the Earth and Plane Stupid Green Party success in lcal plitics and EU Parliament electins (nte Carline Lucas victry at Brightn Pavilin 2010 General Electin) Green Party invlvement in calitin gvernments in Germany EU targets n carbn emissins and the use f renewable energy. Credit candidates wh make reference t relevant plitical thinkers. This might include: Lvelck Capra Naess. In rder t access the higher mark bands candidates must include specific examples drawn frm plitical thery as well as mdern plitics. Award twards the tp f L4 where there is a cmprehensive and sphisticated variety f factual and thery evidence used. AO2: Candidates shuld discuss the impact f envirnmentalism in shaping the mdern plitical agenda. Candidates shuld analyse relevant plitical issues. These might include: The grwth in ppular supprt fr envirnmental issues The impact f lbbying by envirnmental pressure grups n the Ri Earth Summit and Kyt Cnference Party inclusin f envirnmental issues in their manifests and plicy statements Resistance t lifestyle changes thrugh unppularity f higher energy and fuel csts and ther green taxes Limited plitical supprt fr eclgism and the restructuring f human lifestyles and industry Pressures n glbalizatin and Third Wrld industrialisatin Failure f leading glbal CO2 prducers t sign up t the Kyt Prtcl 16

19 Failure f Green Parties in UK and USA t make significant breakthrugh in natinal plitics. In rder t access the higher mark bands candidates must cnsider the extent t which envirnmentalism is impacting upn the plitical agenda including resistance t the refrms and lifestyle changes advcated by the envirnmental lbby. Descriptins f envirnmentalism shuld be awarded at maximum L2. Award at L4 where there is a clear link established between the envirnmental theries and their relevance t the mdern plitical agenda. Award at the tp f the level where there is clear sphisticatin in the analysis. AO3: Credit the ability t cmmunicate legibly, fluently, cherently, using specialist vcabulary and taking int cnsideratin spelling, punctuatin and grammar. L4 answers will be cherent, fluent and cntain very few spelling and punctuatin errrs. L3 answers will fcus upn the main relevant themes f the questin and cmmunicate in an effective manner with nly minr spelling and punctuatin errrs. L2 answers will nly cver the mst central issues f the questin and may cntain significant spelling and punctuatin errrs. L1 answers will make nly the mst basic f attempts t address the questin and have serius prblems with spelling and punctuatin. 17

20 OCR (Oxfrd Cambridge and RSA Examinatins) 1 Hills Rad Cambridge CB1 2EU OCR Custmer Cntact Centre Qualificatins (General) Telephne: Facsimile: general.qualificatins@cr.rg.uk Fr staff training purpses and as part f ur quality assurance prgramme yur call may be recrded r mnitred Oxfrd Cambridge and RSA Examinatins is a Cmpany Limited by Guarantee Registered in England Registered Office; 1 Hills Rad, Cambridge, CB1 2EU Registered Cmpany Number: OCR is an exempt Charity OCR (Oxfrd Cambridge and RSA Examinatins) Head ffice Telephne: Facsimile: OCR 2010