The German BGB. 10 November Comparative Legal Systems University of Florence, School of Law
|
|
- Eustacia Parks
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The German BGB 10 November 2017 Comparative Legal Systems University of Florence, School of Law
2 ORIGINS 1815: Congress of Vienna redrawing the Continent s map: still 39 states in the German speaking area dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire LACK OF AN EFFECTIVE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT the unifying function is performed by the LEGAL SCIENCE 2
3 Cultural context: crisis of Enlightenment and rationalism the new intellectual movement: ROMANTICISM it uncovered the elemental irrational powers in human life (in literature, poetry, music, and arts) development of a unifying sense of nationalism cultural manifestations (like poetry and language) are not produced by abstract reason but evolve historically the law is not viewed as the product of a rational legislator, but as the product of the people and of its representatives, the jurists 3
4 The 1814 codification debate Anton Friedrich Justus Thibaut ( ) - professor of law in Heidelberg Friedrich Carl von Savigny ( ) - professor of law in Berlin Thibaut IN FAVOR of codification: following the French model means of furthering the process of political unification of Germany Savigny AGAINST codification: the law is not the product of abstract principles of natural law, but, like language, is part of the culture of a people it is dangerous the law needs historical context to be understood it is premature 4
5 Law is the expression of the genius of a people, in the same manner as language, customs and practices Volksgeist Enlightenment The legal system is a deliberately planned and purposive creation of an official legislator guided by reason. Historical School Law is a historically determined product of civilization, having its roots deep in the spirit of the people and maturing there in long processes. Legal science, not legislation, has the task of unifying German law 5
6 The Historical School A new school of jurists led by Friedrich Carl von Savigny Germanists Two different branches Romanists Medieval German law is the expression of the German Volksgeist. The primary source of law is customary law study of Germanic customs Von Gierke The spirit of the people is expressed by its cultural elite. The Volksgeist springs from the reception of Roman law study of Roman law Savigny 6
7 The Pandectist School Founder: Georg Friedrich Puchta ( ) - pupil of Savigny Goal: the systematic and dogmatic ordering of the legal material construction of a new methodology The task of a jurist is not to create legal rules (in order to fill in the gaps of German law), but to offer the instruments of knowledge = define legal concepts BEGRIFFSJURISPRUDENZ «the doctrine of concepts» 7
8 The Pandectist method CONCEPTUAL DOGMATIC purpose: identifying the constituent element of a concept e.g. legal transaction (Rechtsgeschäft) => concepts do not allow exceptions SYSTEMATIC => in the case of more definitions (proposed by different jurists) the correct one is the definition which harmonizes with the other elements of the system (principle of coherence) 8
9 1871: Political Unification of the Reich 9
10 THE DRAFTING OF THE BGB in the mid-19th century: the first laws unifying German law: 1848: Wechselordnung (on credit instruments) 1861: Deutsches Handelsgesetzbuch (commercial code) 1873: constitutional amendment lawmaking in private law matters to the Emperor First committee among the members: Gottlieb Planck (judge of the Supreme Court) and Bernhard Windscheid (Pandectist scholar) 1896 promulgation 1 January 1900 in force 10
11 IDEOLOGY AND STYLE it closes the era of the victory of liberalism a CONSERVATIVE code: it does not confer any social task to law it proposes a CLOSED SYSTEM characterized by: finality completeness exclusivity the safety valve of this system are the GENERAL CLAUSES (Generalklausen) - e.g. public morals (gute Sitten), good faith (Treu und Glauben) the BGB is not ADDRESSED to the citizen at all, but rather to the professional lawyer [ France] 11
12 General Part (Allgemeiner Teil) Law of Obligations Property Law Family Law Law of Succession STRUCTURE general clauses and definitions (= the concepts elaborated by the Pandectists) contracts and torts possession, property, other rights persons have relating to property (movable property and real estate), and how those rights can be transferred conservative and patriarchal conception of family: subordination of the woman, discrimination of illegitimate children (2385 articles) 12
13 THE SUBSEQUENT DEVELOPMENTS Until the end of WWI fall of the Hohenzollern dynasty (William II) and proclamation of the Republic positivism, pure theory of law, strict adhesion to the text Weimar Republic considerable interventions by the legislator and by the judiciary 1923: economic crisis and inflation the Deutsche Mark collapses the Supreme Court (Reichsgericht) overthrows the nominalist principle (with reference to good faith ) reforms in labour law and property law 13
14 German law during the Nazi period 30 January 1933: Hitler appointed as Chancellor the beginning of National Socialism: a totalitarian and racist regime National Socialist ideas affecting the legal system: the law is a means of safeguarding the racial community a new theory of sources of law = refusal of the primacy of legislation the primary source of law is the race Führerprinzip: the person who proclaims the law deriving from this source is the Führer (= Hitler) denigration campaign against the BGB to replace it with a popular civil code BUT SURVIVAL 14
15 German law after the end of WW II Constitution of 1949: Grundgesetz (Fundamental Law) decisive role of the Federal Constitutional Court (Bundesverfassungsgericht) in the German legal system interventions by the legislator: social legislation, egalitarian spirit (e.g. family law), humanitarian spirit (e.g. criminal law) the last big reform: Act on the Modernization of the Law of Obligations, in force since 1 January 2002 reorganization of the rules and introduction of new ones Eastern Germany (DDR): the BGB remained in force until 1976 when it was replaced by a socialist civil code BGB reinstated in
16 THE SUCCESS OF THE GERMAN MODEL prestige and influence of the Pandectist School and its method all over world, even in England John Austin about German legal science: a world that seems the region of order and light a more limited circulation of its product, the BGB only auctoritate rationis: Brasil Portugal Central Europe Japan Greece (1940) 16
Political Science Legal Studies 217
Political Science Legal Studies 217 The Civil Law Tradition Antecedents Law in ancient Greece Roman law Development of Roman empire Twelve Tablets Institutionalization of law Institutionalization Rationalization
More informationUNIT 6 - day 1 THE RISE OF DICTATORS
WHO? WHAT? WHY? WHO? WHAT? WHY? UNIT 6 WORLD WAR II UNIT 6 - day 1 THE RISE OF DICTATORS weaknesses of versailles The POST-WWI era was much different for THE REST OF THE WORLD than it was for the US!
More informationComparative law Slide handout 1
Why are we doing this? Comparative law Slide handout 1 What are the advantages for law students in comparing legal systems? Practical benefits of Comparative law: Comparative law aids legislators in writing
More informationLawyers cum Economists: Did they Bring about Law & Economics? Gierke, Schmoller and the German Civil Code
Jürgen G. Backhaus. 2011. Lawyers cum Economists: Did they Bring about Law & Economics? Gierke, Schmoller and the German Civil Code. Halduskultuur Administrative Culture 12 (1), 106-111. Lawyers cum Economists:
More informationI nt roduc t ion. M i c h a e l L o b b a n a n d J u l i a M o s e s
1 I nt roduc t ion M i c h a e l L o b b a n a n d J u l i a M o s e s Th is volume is concerned with the influence of ideas on the development of the law of torts in Europe between 1850 and 2000. It seeks
More informationThe Historical Evolution of International Relations
The Historical Evolution of International Relations Chapter 2 Zhongqi Pan 1 Ø Greece and the City-State System p The classical Greek city-state system provides one antecedent for the new Westphalian order.
More informationMODERN EUROPEAN HISTORY 41
MODERN EUROPEAN HISTORY 41 Description The Modern European History 41 course deals with the facts, ideas, events and personalities, which have shaped Europe s history from approximately 1450 to the present.
More informationTeachers Name: Nathan Clayton Course: World History Academic Year/Semester: Fall 2012-Spring 2013
Amory High School Curriculum Map Teachers Name: Nathan Clayton Course: World History Academic Year/Semester: Fall 2012-Spring 2013 Essential Questions First Nine Weeks Second Nine Weeks Third Nine Weeks
More informationLAW. Advanced Jurisprudence. Historical Understandings of Law
LAW Advanced Jurisprudence Historical Understandings of Law 1 Principal Investigator Prof. Ranbir Singh, Vice Chancellor, National Law University Delhi Paper Coordinator Content Writer Prof. Sri Krishna
More informationLG 5: Describe the characteristics of totalitarianism and fascism and explain how Mussolini and Hitler came to power.
LG 5: Describe the characteristics of totalitarianism and fascism and explain how Mussolini and Hitler came to power. Background Reading (if time) Class Discussion: Based off the reading, how did the global
More informationRise of Totalitarianism
Rise of Totalitarianism Totalitarian Governments Because of the Depression many people were unhappy with their governments. During the Depression era, many new leaders began making promises to solve the
More informationPETERS TOWNSHIP HIGH SCHOOL
PETERS TOWNSHIP HIGH SCHOOL COURSE SYLLABUS: ACADEMIC HISTORY OF WESTERN CIVILIZATION Course Overview and Essential Skills The purpose of this overview course is to provide students with an understanding
More informationAPEH Comprehensive Review Study Guide Part 2
APEH D-Day Review Points Possible: 300 pts per section 1-3 Name: APEH Comprehensive Review Study Guide Part 2 Part 2 (French Revolution World War I, pp. 51-99) The Age of Montesquieu ( ) The Age of Rousseau
More informationThe Rise of Totalitarian leaders as a Response to the Great Depression NEW POLITICAL PARTIES IN EUROPE BEFORE WWII!!
The Rise of Totalitarian leaders as a Response to the Great Depression NEW POLITICAL PARTIES IN EUROPE BEFORE WWII!! COMMUNISM AND THE SOVIET UNION The problems that existed in Germany, Italy, Japan and
More informationReview Post World War I
Review Post World War I What was the purpose of the mandate system? A It was intended to prepare territories for future independence. B It established permanent systems of government for the territories.
More informationAP European History. -Russian politics and the liberalist movement -parallel developments in. Thursday, August 21, 2003 Page 1 of 21
Instructional Unit Consolidation of Large Nation States -concept of a nation-state The students will be -define the concept of a -class discussion 8.1.2.A,B,C,D -Mazzini, Garibaldi and Cavour able to define
More information4/1/2019. World War II. Causes of the war. What is ideology? What is propaganda?
World War II Causes of the war What is ideology? What is propaganda? 1 A dictator is? What is a totalitarian government? What is a totalitarian dictator? 2 Post-WW1 Problems Treaty of Versailles Rebuilding
More informationCOURSE DESCRIPTION Comparative Law. Description
Fall Semester 2017 Course No. 320 Professor Clark COURSE DESCRIPTION Comparative Law Required book: John Henry Merryman, David S. Clark, & John O. Haley, Comparative Law: Historical Development of the
More informationNew Leaders and New Ideas in Europe during the 1930s
New Leaders and New Ideas in Europe during the 1930s Nazism Totalitarianism Communism Fascism These theories are completely different theories that are completed opposed to one another; however they demonstrate
More informationAbsolutism. Absolutism, political system in which there is no legal, customary, or moral limit on the government s
Absolutism I INTRODUCTION Absolutism, political system in which there is no legal, customary, or moral limit on the government s power. The term is generally applied to political systems ruled by a single
More informationMaking of the Modern World 15. Lecture #8: Fascism and the Blond Beast
Making of the Modern World 15 Lecture #8: Fascism and the Blond Beast The Blond Beast Friedrich Nietzsche 1844-1900 German Philosopher Genealogy of Morals (1887) Good/Evil vs Good/Bad Slave morality Priestly
More informationBASIC CONCEPT OF SAVIGNY S VOLKSGEIST. Neetij Rai
BASIC CONCEPT OF SAVIGNY S VOLKSGEIST Neetij Rai ABSTRACT: Savigny, a prominent German jurist through his concept of Volksgeist introduced a new dimension in the legal arena. Savigny, also known as the
More informationCOMPARATIVE CONTRACT LAW ENGLAND, FRANCE, GERMANY
COMPARATIVE CONTRACT LAW ENGLAND, FRANCE, GERMANY P. D. V. Marsh Gower Contents Preface List of works cited by author only List of cases List of statutes List of abbreviations ix xi xv xxix xxxv 1 Historical
More informationCanada & World War Two ( )
Canada & World War Two (1939-1945) Introduction: Our country's great efforts in the Second World War involved more than one million Canadians and Newfoundlanders serving in the military more than 45,000
More informationAP Euro: Past Free Response Questions
AP Euro: Past Free Response Questions 1. To what extent is the term "Renaissance" a valid concept for s distinct period in early modern European history? 2. Explain the ways in which Italian Renaissance
More informationBetween the Wars Timeline
Between the Wars Timeline 1914 1918 I. Aggression and Appeasement 1939 1945 WWI 10 million casualties Versailles Treaty: Germany blamed, reparations, took colonies, occupied Germany A. Europe was destroyed
More informationThe impact of the Western legal tradition on China and Japan
The impact of the Western legal tradition on China and Japan 30 November 2017 Comparative Legal Systems University of Florence, School of Law 1 CHINA The core country of the East Asian Region Written language
More information6. Foreign policy during the 1920 s and early 30s.
6. Foreign policy during the 1920 s and early 30s. Problems in Europe After WWI Great Depression Economic = people were jobless Political = weak governments could not solve problems in their countries.
More informationEuropean History
European History 101 http://www.ling.gu.se/projekt/sprakfrageladan/images/europe_map.gif Ancient Greece 800BC ~ 200BC Birthplace of Democracy Known for system of government city-states Spread Greek culture
More informationThe Rise of Totalitarian Governments
The Rise of Totalitarian Governments Enduring Understanding: The influence of both world wars and the worldwide Great Depression are still evident. To understand the effects these events had on the modern
More informationIdeological Alternatives: Soviet Union and Germany. Inter War World: The Great Depression
Ideological Alternatives: Soviet Union and Germany Inter War World: The Great Depression Ideological Alternatives Has Capitalism Failed? This was not an academic question in the early 1930s America, Western
More informationHitler s Fatal Gamble Comparing Totalitarianism and Democracy
A Lesson from the Education Department The National WWII Museum 945 Magazine Street New Orleans, LA 70130 (504) 528-1944 www.nationalww2museum.org/learn/education When Adolf Hitler set in motion World
More informationADVANCED PLACEMENT MODERN EUROPEAN HISTORY
ADVANCED PLACEMENT MODERN EUROPEAN HISTORY Description The Advanced Placement Modern European History course deals with the facts, ideas, events and personalities, which have shaped Europe s history from
More informationKey Terms. Franco-Prussian War. The Second Reich Otto Von Bismarck Junker Blood & Iron Realpolitik. War with Denmark War with Austria
German Unification Key Terms The Second Reich Otto Von Bismarck Junker Blood & Iron Realpolitik War with Denmark War with Austria Franco-Prussian War Kaiser King Wilhelm I Germany in the1700s German people
More informationSAVIGNY S VOLKSGEIST THEORY OF LAW AND CUSTOM AND IT S DEVELOPMENT
SAVIGNY S VOLKSGEIST THEORY OF LAW AND CUSTOM AND IT S DEVELOPMENT INTRODUCTION: ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION: **ADITI SINGH & YOGESH CHHAJER Law is something which is difficult to define. A uniform definition
More informationNation Building,
Nation Building, 1848-1871 The Crimean War 1848 reforms + nationalism to prevent more revs Russia = powerful nation after 1815 Ottoman land The Sick Man of Europe and the eastern question What Piedmont,
More informationTOPIC: - THE PLACE OF KELSONS PURE THEORY OF LAW IN
1 LEGAL THEORY SEMINAR TOPIC: - THE PLACE OF KELSONS PURE THEORY OF LAW IN FUNCTIONAL JURISPRUDENCE NAME: SANKALP BHANGUI CLASS: FIRST YEAR L.L.M 2 INDEX SR.NO. TOPIC PG.NO. THE PLACE OF KELSON S PURE
More informationAconsideration of the sources of law in a legal
1 The Sources of American Law Aconsideration of the sources of law in a legal order must deal with a variety of different, although related, matters. Historical roots and derivations need explanation.
More informationGrade Level: 9-12 Course#: 1548 Length: Full Year Credits: 2 Diploma: Core 40, Academic Honors, Technical Honors Prerequisite: None
World History/Civilization Grade Level: 9- Course#: 548 Length: Full Year Credits: Diploma: Core 40, Academic Honors, Technical Honors Prerequisite: None This two semester course emphasizes events and
More informationThe Revolutions of 1848
The Revolutions of 1848 What s the big deal? Liberal and nationalist revolutions occur throughout Europe France Austria Prussia Italy Despite initial success, 1848 is mostly a failure for the revolutionaries
More informationIII. Features of Modern Totalitarianism Absolute Domination over every area of life The worship and cultivation of violence --War is noble --The need
Political Crisis and Dictatorship -Key Concepts- I. The Spread of Dictatorship By 1938, only 10 out of 27 European countries remained democratic For the most part, these were dictatorships in the traditional
More informationTOTALITARIANISM. Friday, March 03, 2017
TOTALITARIANISM Friday, March 03, 2017 TOTALITARIANISM Totalitarianism total control over citizens Leadership by single person or party Rejection of democratic government and personal rights and freedoms
More informationChapter 15. Years of Crisis
Chapter 15 Years of Crisis Section 2 A Worldwide Depression Setting the Stage European nations were rebuilding U.S. gave loans to help Unstable New Democracies A large number of political parties made
More informationThe Rise of Dictators
The Rise of Dictators DICTATORS THREATEN WORLD PEACE For many European countries the end of World War I was the beginning of revolutions at home, economic depression and the rise of powerful dictators
More informationDelegation and Legitimacy. Karol Soltan University of Maryland Revised
Delegation and Legitimacy Karol Soltan University of Maryland ksoltan@gvpt.umd.edu Revised 01.03.2005 This is a ticket of admission for the 2005 Maryland/Georgetown Discussion Group on Constitutionalism,
More informationThe Rise of Fascism....and the death of liberalism. Saturday, April 2, 16
The Rise of Fascism...and the death of liberalism RECAP What is classical liberalism? What is modern liberalism? Our Fascist Unit Goals Identify at least FOUR ways that both Stalin s USSR and Hitler s
More informationWORLD HISTORY Curriculum Map
WORLD HISTORY Curriculum Map (1 st Semester) WEEK 1- ANCIENT HISTORY Suggested Chapters 1 SS Standards LA.910.1.6.1-3 LA.910.2.2.1-3 SS.912.G.1-3 SS.912.G.2.1-3 SS.912.G.4.1-9 SS.912.H.1.3 SS.912.H.3.1
More informationPaper 2: World History Topics (choose 2)
HHG Curriculum History IB, HL Course: Paper 1: Prescribed Subject (choose 1) The move to global war: Case study 1: Japanese expansion in East Asia (1931 1941) Case study 2: German and Italian Expansion
More informationSENIOR 4: WESTERN CIVILIZATION HISTORICAL REVIEW OF ITS DEVELOPMENT (OPTIONAL)
SENIOR 4: WESTERN CIVILIZATION HISTORICAL REVIEW OF ITS DEVELOPMENT (OPTIONAL) The Senior 4 Western Civilization curriculum is designed to help students understand that Canadian society and other Western
More informationLEARNING GOALS World History
2012-2013 LEARNING GOALS World History FALL SEMESTER 10.1 Foundations of Civilization 8000BC-500BC (Societies) This unit is about how early societies formed when groups of people settled in the River Valley
More informationThe Political Spectrum and Voter Options in Weimar Germany
The Political Spectrum and Voter Options in Weimar Germany The Election of 1932 Juanita Ray--NC Council on the Holocaust Germany- Pre-WWII First Reich in Germany was the medieval Holy Roman Empire that
More informationPreface What parts of the IB History syllabus is this guide useful for?
Preface Preface I have taught History for the past thirty years in independent schools in the UK, including teaching the International Baccalaureate (IB) for twenty-three years at Malvern College, as well
More informationInternational Summer Program
University of Ulm International Summer Program European Integration European Union An Overview Prof. Dr. Werner Smolny, Tuesday, June 21, 2005 University of Ulm, International Summer Program 2005, June
More informationThe Rise of Dictators Ch 23-1
The Rise of Dictators Ch 23-1 The Main Idea The shattering effects of World War I helped set the stage for a new, aggressive type of leader in Europe and Asia. Content Statement/Learning Goal Analyze the
More informationNOTES AND COMMENTS. More administrative justice in Namibia? A comment on the initiative to reform administrative law by statutory enactment
More administrative justice in Namibia? A comment on the initiative to reform administrative law by statutory enactment Manfred O Hinz* Many countries those with civil law and those with common law jurisdiction
More informationClicker Review Questions
Essential Question: Who were the major totalitarian leaders in the 1920s & 1930s? What were the basic ideologies of Fascists, Nazis, and Communists? CPWH Agenda for Unit 12.2: Clicker Review Questions
More information5/23/17. Among the first totalitarian dictators was Joseph Stalin of the Soviet Union
Among the first totalitarian dictators was Joseph Stalin of the Soviet Union Stalin s Five Year Plans & collective farms improved the Soviet Union s industrial & agricultural output Stalin was Communist
More informationWhat caused World War II
What caused World War II A variety of reasonable answers 1. World War I & The Treaty of Versailles 2. The Rise of Totalitarian Governments 3. Failure of the League of Nations 4. Nationalism and Aggression
More informationEssential Question: Who were the major totalitarian leaders in the 1920s & 1930s? What were the basic ideologies of Fascists, Nazis, and Communists?
Essential Question: Who were the major totalitarian leaders in the 1920s & 1930s? What were the basic ideologies of Fascists, Nazis, and Communists? CPWH Agenda for Unit 12.2: Clicker Review Questions
More informationName: Interwar Practice
Name: Interwar Practice 1. Which political leader gained power as a result of the failing economy of the Weimar Republic? A) Adolf Hitler B) Francisco Franco C) Benito Mussolini D) Charles de Gaulle 2.
More informationHistory Higher level Paper 3 history of Europe
M17/3/HISTX/HP3/ENG/TZ0/EU History Higher level Paper 3 history of Europe Wednesday 10 May 2017 (morning) 2 hours 30 minutes Instructions to candidates y Do not open this examination paper until instructed
More informationTHE SHORT 19 CENTURY. The History of Europe from 1815
THE SHORT 19 TH CENTURY The History of Europe from 1815 THE PROBLEM OF TIME Two Major Issues for historians of this time period: to begin the 19th century is better served through a study of 1815-1914-
More informationHistory (HIST) History (HIST) 1
History (HIST) 1 History (HIST) HIST 110 Fndn. of American Liberty 3.0 SH [GEH] A survey of American history from the colonial era to the present which looks at how the concept of liberty has both changed
More informationEnglish for Lawyers and Law Students
Tangl English for Lawyers and Law Students With a Short Introduction to the US Legal System 3., aktualisierte Auflage I. Important Differentiations Civil Law versus Common Law (Legal Systems) Civil or
More informationNo clearly defined political program (follow the leader) were nationalists who wore uniforms, glorified war, and were racist. Fascist?
Fascism Description: a nationalistic movement anti-democratic and anti-communist a strong central government with a single dictator to run the state that glorified the state above the individual No clearly
More informationResolution adopted by the General Assembly on 2 December [on the report of the Sixth Committee (A/59/508)]
United Nations A/RES/59/38 General Assembly Distr.: General 16 December 2004 Fifty-ninth session Agenda item 142 Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 2 December 2004 [on the report of the Sixth
More informationStandard 7-4: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the causes and effects of world conflicts in the first half of the twentieth century.
Standard 7-4: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the causes and effects of world conflicts in the first half of the twentieth century. 7-4.4: Compare the ideologies of socialism, communism,
More informationItalian and German Unification
Italian and German Unification The unification of Italy and Germany transformed the European balance of power and led to efforts to construct a new diplomatic order Italian Unification Italian Unification
More informationLead up to World War II
Lead up to World War II Overview 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 1910 s 1930 s Event Recap Political Spectrum Rise of Dictators Failure of the League of Nations Preview: Appeasement Compare and Contrast Causes of World
More informationNationalism movement wanted to: UNIFICATION: peoples of common culture from different states were joined together
7-3.2 Analyze the effects of the Napoleonic Wars on the development and spread of nationalism in Europe, including the Congress of Vienna, the revolutionary movements of 1830 and 1848, and the unification
More informationCompare historical periods in terms of differing political, social, religious, and economic issues
Standards Overview 2017-2018 World History Standards by Unit Teach in Unit(s) Standard Number Wording of Standard 1 2 3 4 5 6 WH.1.1 WH.1.2 Produce clear and coherent writing for a range of tasks, purposes,
More informationRunning head: U.S. ECONOMY 1. U.S. Economy During the Second World War. Student s Name. Institution of Learning
Running head: U.S. ECONOMY 1 U.S. Economy During the Second World War Student s Name Institution of Learning U.S. ECONOMY 2 U.S. Economy During the Second World War It would be reasonable to say that while
More informationWächter, Carl Georg von
Wächter, Carl Georg von Carl Georg von Wächter (1797-1880) was once considered one of the greatest German jurists of all times (Ernst Landsberg, Geschichte der Deutschen Rechtswissenschaft, vol 3/2 (Verl
More informationHISTORY SYLLABUS (FALL 2005) HISTORY OF MODERN GERMANY Instructor Michael Hayse
HISTORY 2117 -- SYLLABUS (FALL 2005) HISTORY OF MODERN GERMANY Instructor Michael Hayse Office: K-154 Class Meetings: Tuesday & Thursday 8:30-10:20 Off. Telephone: 652-4659 Classroom: K141 Email: haysem@stockton.edu
More informationCommon Principles of Totalitarianism. Nazi Germany, Communist USSR, Fascist Italy & Spain, and Imperial Japan
Common Principles of Totalitarianism Nazi Germany, Communist USSR, Fascist Italy & Spain, and Imperial Japan Totalitarianism An extreme authoritarian system where the government aims to control all aspects
More informationBentley Chapter 28 Study Guide: Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World
Bentley Chapter 28 Study Guide: Revolutions and National States in the Atlantic World Eyewitness: Olympe de Gouges Declares the Rights of Women (621-622) 1. What did Olympe de Gouges campaign for in Declaration
More informationMarch , Cologne. The Abstracts:
Socialist Interpretations of Legal History. The Histories and Historians of Law and Justice in the GDR, Poland and the Baltic States under the Reign of Communism. March 22-23 2019, Cologne The Abstracts:
More informationUnit2, section A,Topic: From Tsardom to Communism: Russia, (studied in Year 10 Sept Mid Oct)
Unit2, section A,Topic: From Tsardom to Communism: Russia, 1914 1924 (studied in Year 10 Sept Mid Oct) Key issue: Why did the rule of the Tsar collapse in February/March 1917? The government of Nicholas
More informationSMSC & British Values in History
SMSC & British Values in History British Values in history History is a rigorous and challenging subject with explicit links to British values, in terms of both personal skills and subject content. All
More informationThe Rise of Fascism. AP World History Chapter 21 The Collapse and Recovery of Europe ( s)
The Rise of Fascism AP World History Chapter 21 The Collapse and Recovery of Europe (1914-1970s) New Forms of Government After WWI: Germany, Italy, and Russia turned to a new form of dictatorship = totalitarianism
More informationFascism Rises in Europe Close Read
Fascism Rises in Europe Close Read Standards Alignment Text with Close Read instructions for students Intended to be the initial read in which students annotate the text as they read. Students may want
More informationWorld History since Wayne E. Sirmon HI 104 World History
World History since 1500 Wayne E. Sirmon HI 104 World History History 104 World History since 1500 April 12 Online Quiz Chapter 25-Europe April 16 April 17 April 23 Article Four Approval Online Quiz Chapter
More information& 5. = CAUSES OF WW2
POST WW1 Overview: 1.Treaty of Versailles: punished Germany 2. Continued Nationalism 3. Worldwide Economic Depression 4. Rise of Fascism in Germany, Italy & Spain 5. Rise of Japan = CAUSES OF WW2 I. Treaty
More informationTransforming Trade Berlin, Germany, 15 October 2018
European Commission Speech [Check against delivery] Transforming Trade Berlin, Germany, 15 October 2018 EU Trade Commissioner Cecilia Malmström Humboldt University Mr Dean, Professors, Students, Ladies
More informationTABLE OF CONTENTS UNIT 1 LONG AGO
TABLE OF CONTENTS UNIT 1 LONG AGO IMPORTANT WORDS TO KNOW... 1 CHAPTER 1 LONG AGO LONG AGO... 2 FIRST CIVILIZATION... 3 EGYPT...4 FIRST EMPIRES... 5 INDIA AND CHINA... 6 CHAPTER 2 ANCIENT GREECE GREECE...
More informationJudeo-Christian and Greco-Roman Perspectives
STANDARD 10.1.1 Judeo-Christian and Greco-Roman Perspectives Specific Objective: Analyze the similarities and differences in Judeo-Christian and Greco-Roman views of law, reason and faith, and duties of
More informationNationalism
Nationalism The nation The nation is the central principle of political organisation. The basis for identity can be broad and made up of c combination of a variety of factors such as language, history,
More informationNAME: DATTARAJ K. G. DESSAI FY LLM SUB: LEGAL THEORY G.R. KARE COLLEGE OF LAW MARGAO GOA
NAME: DATTARAJ K. G. DESSAI FY LLM SUB: LEGAL THEORY G.R. KARE COLLEGE OF LAW MARGAO GOA 1 INDEX SR. NO. TITLE PAGE NO 1. What is Jurisprudence 3 2. Meaning of Historical Jurisprudence 5 3. Meaning of
More informationIwo Jima War Memorial in Arlington, Virginia. American soldiers arriving on the beach of Omaha: D-Day, June 6, 1944
o September 1939 September 1945 o Most geographically widespread military conflict o Approximately 55 million people died, 40 million MORE than WWI!!! o Most countries involved in the war were against
More informationThe Futile Search for Stability
Chapter 17, Section 1 The Futile Search for Stability (Pages 533 538) Setting a Purpose for Reading Think about these questions as you read: What was the significance of the Dawes Plan and the Treaty of
More informationFOREWORD LEGAL TRADITIONS. A CRITICAL APPRAISAL
FOREWORD LEGAL TRADITIONS. A CRITICAL APPRAISAL GIOVANNI MARINI 1 Our goal was to bring together scholars from a number of different legal fields who are working with a methodology which might be defined
More informationWho Would You Vote For?
Who Would You Vote For? Contestant #1 I have had numerous affairs, have selfinterested policies and suffer from ailing health. Contestant #2 I have a drinking habit and a defiant tongue or attitude Contestant
More informationChapter 15: Years of Crisis,
Chapter 15: Years of Crisis, 1919 1939 Societies undergo political, economic, and social changes that lead to renewed aggression. Unemployed men in a Chicago soup kitchen during the Great Depression (1930).
More informationSubject Overview History GCSE Year 11
Subject Overview History GCSE Year 11 Course Summary AQA GCSE history Unit / Module Unit 1 (91451) Unit 2 Course: GCSE History Overall Summary UNIT ` Exam / Controlled % of course UMS allocation Marks
More informationChapter 21: Ideologies and Upheavals
Chapter 21: Ideologies and Upheavals Name: I. The Aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars a. European Balance of Power Discuss how European countries tried to establish a "balance of power" at the Congress of
More informationTo What Extent Did Hitler Create a Totalitarian System of Government?
1 TITLE: To What Extent Did Hitler Create a Totalitarian System of Government? Table of contents: Identification and evaluation of sources:.p. 2 Investigation: p. 4 Reflection:...p. 7 Appendix: NAME: CANDIDATE
More informationThe political revolution. Pages 47-83
The political revolution Pages 47-83 From the Social to the Political Revolution NATION CITIZENSHIP EQUALITY RIGHTS THE POLITICAL REVOLUTION Page 47 - Keywords Two important dates From 1789 = French Revolution.
More informationCONTENTS PART ONE INTRODUCTORY REFLECTIONS
CONTENTS Preface Table of Cases Table of Statutes xiii XV xix PART ONE INTRODUCTORY REFLECTIONS 1. THE PLACE AND FUNCTION OF LEGAL THEORY 3 2. GREEK PHILOSOPHY AND THE BASIC PROBLEMS OF LAW 5 From Homer
More informationPrelude to War. The Causes of World War II
Prelude to War The Causes of World War II The Treaty of Versailles Harsh, bitter treaty that ended WWI Germany must: Accept responsibility for WWI Pay war reparations to Allies Demilitarize the Rhineland
More information(3) parliamentary democracy (2) ethnic rivalries
1) In the Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin governed by means of secret police, censorship, and purges. This type of government is called (1) democracy (2) totalitarian 2) The Ancient Athenians are credited
More information