Alex Austin Martina Fischer Norbert Ropers (Eds.) Transforming Ethnopolitical Conflict

Transcription

1 Alex Austin Martina Fischer Norbert Ropers (Eds.) Transforming Ethnopolitical Conflict

2 Alex Austin Martina Fischer Norbert Ropers (Eds.) Transforming Ethnopolitical Conflict The Berghof Handbook III Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH

3 - III vs VeRLAG for SOZIAI.WISSENSCHAF1EN vs verlag fur Sozialwissenschaften Entstanden mit Beginn des Jahres 2004 aus den beiden Hausern Leske+Budrich und westdeutscher verlag. Die breite Basis fur sozialwissenschaftliches Publizieren Bibliografische Information Der Deutschen Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet uber < abrufbar. ISBN ISBN (ebook) DOI / Auflage Juni 2004 Aile Rechte vorbehalten Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden 2004 Urspriinglich erschienen bei VS verlag fur Sozialwissenschaften/GWV Fachverlage GmbH, Wiesbaden 2004 Die wiedergabe von Gebrauchsnamen, Handelsnamen, Warenbezeichnungen usw. in diesem Werk berechtigt auch ohne besondere Kennzeichnung nicht zu der Annahme, dass solche Namen im Sinne der warenzeichen- und Markenschutz-Gesetzgebung als frei zu betrachten waren und daher von jedermann benutzt werden durften. umschlaggestaltung: KunkelLopka Medienentwicklung, Heidelberg Satz: COXORANGE Grafikdesign, Berlin Gedruckt auf saurefreiem und chlorfrei gebleichtem Papier

4 Research Center for Constructive Conflict Management Preface Introduction Martina Fischer, Norbert Ropers Concep s nd Cro s Cutting Challenges Dieter Senghaas The Civilisation of Conflict: Constructive Pacifism as a Guiding Notion for Conflict Transformation Cordula Reimann Assessing the State-of-the-Art in Conflict Transformation Hugh Miall Conflict Transformation: A Multi-Dimensional Task Diana Francis Culture, Power Asymmetries and Gender in Conflict Transformation Analysing Conflict and Assessing Conflict Transformation Dan Smith 111 Trends and Causes of Armed Conflict Alex Austin 129 Early Warning and The Field: A Cargo Cult Science? Thania Paffenholz 151 Designing Transformation and Intervention Processes Mark Hoffman 171 Peace and Conflict Impact Assessment Methodology Mary B. Anderson 193 Experiences with Impact Assessment: Can we know what Good we do? 109

5 Berghof Research Center Forschungszentrum for Constructive fur konstruktive Conflict Management Konfliktbearbeitung Enhancing the Capacity for Conflict Transformation Ron Kraybill Facilitation Skills for Interpersonal Transformation Friedrich Glasl, Rudi Ballreich Team and Organisational Development as a Means for Conflict Prevention and Resolution Norbert Ropers From Resolution to Transformation: The Role of Dialogue Projects Structural Reforms, Institutionbuilding and Violence Control GUnther Baechler Conflict Transformation through State Reform Wibke Hansen, Oliver Ramsbotham, Tom Woodhouse Hawks and Doves: Peace Keeping and Conflict Resolution Dusan Reljic The News Media and the Transformation of Ethnopolitical Conflicts Christine Bigdon, Benedikt Korf The Role of Development Aid in Conflict Transformation: Facilitating Empowerment Processes and Community Building Recovering from War: Reconstruction versus just Peace Martina Fischer Recovering from Violent Conflict: Regeneration and (Re-) Integration as Elements of Peacebuilding David Becker Dealing with the Consequences of Organised Violence in Trauma Work Gunnar Theissen Supporting justice, Co-existence and Reconciliation after Armed Conflict: Strategies for Dealing with the Past Kevin Clements Towards Conflict Transformation and a just Peace Glossary About the Contributors Inhalt

6 Berghof Research Center Forschungszentrum for Constructive fur konstruktive Conflict Management Konfliktbearbeitung Preface and Introduction - Preface Introduction 9 11

7 Preface Preface Confronted with a wide variety of conflicts, the international community has attempted to respond through humanitarian assistance, development aid, crisis prevention and conflict resolution programmes. To date many of these activities have exacerbated conflict dynamics as much as they have enhanced the opportunities for sustainable development and peace. In an effort to understand what works, lessons learned and best practices are being collected usually in the form of evaluations of individual projects or programs. Although the number of studies undertaken has increased, few lessons have been systematised or accumulated for broader discussion in the academic field or for practitioners' use. The Berghof Research Center for Constructive Conflict Management produced this Handbook in response to the contemporary challenges which have to be faced by those who are working in and on violent conflict. The intention is to give an overview of recent developments in the field of conflict transformation from various perspectives: from academic analysts and practitioners as well as from experts representing different areas of work inside and outside of conflict zones. The Handbook has been presented in several steps. First, it has been launched in successive series of articles on the interactive website ( This site is organised as a platform to gather feedback from users and to stimulate debate on the content and focus of the articles. This feedback, as well as additional articles and input, allow the creation of an evolving manual and reference that reflects developments in the conflict transformation field. Second, we decided to publish this hard copy version, as we observed that many scholars and practitioners still asked for the complete compilation of all contributions. We are grateful to the very positive reaction to our initiative among the colleagues, from all over the world, whom we have asked to contribute to the Handbook. They are experienced practitioners and scholars, some of them pioneers in the field and/or working on key tasks of conflict transformation. They accepted the demanding job of adapting their style of presentation to the common standards of this Handbook. Without their knowledge, motivation and flexibility the Handbook project would not have been possible. We would like to thank all the authors who contributed to both the internet and hardcopy version of the Berghof Handbook. We hope that we can establish a continuing discourse with them as well as with our readers about cutting-edge practice and theory in our field. This publication represents a compilation of articles that have been launched up to mid-2003 on the website. The hardcopy version is not meant as a final point, but has to be seen as an 'interim report' of findings, as the Berghof team endeavours to develop the Berghof Handbook project further. Future developments will include 1. actualization of themes and issues which have been focused on in the past; 2. debates and dialogues on issues which are considered as areas of special interest and importance; 3. providing services and feedback fora as part of the process of restructuring the website. This means that friends and colleagues who are interested in results of peace practice and analysis in the field of ethnopolitical conflict are invited to visit our homepage from time to time in order to discover innovative articles which can be found and downloaded by searching 'what's new'. In the future, debates and discussions will be developed as 'work in progress' similar _ Preface and Introduction

8 Martina Fischer and Norbert Ropers to the debate on 'Peace and Conflict Impact Assessment' which was initiated in the first version of the Handbook. This debate has already been published in a print version by the Berghof Center (see Alex Austin, Martina Fischer, Oliver Wils (eds.): Peace and Conflict Impact Assessment. Critical Views on Theory and Practice, Berghof Handbook Dialogue Series, Berghof Research Center for Constructive Conflict Management, Berlin 2003). Therefore only the initial contribution by Mark Hoffman is included in this volume. Many thanks have to be directed to those institutions and organisations who gave financial support to the Berghof Handbook, especially the Berghof Foundation for Conflict Research (Berghof Stiftung for Konfliktforschung) and the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Bundesministeriumfor Bildung und Forschung). Finally we want to thank all those persons who joined the Berghof Handbook team since the beginning of the project, colleagues who helped at different stages and thus contributed to the first edition, especially our co-editor, Alexander Austin, Claus-Dieter Wild, Reiner Steinweg, Oliver Wils, Clem McCartney, Hillary Crowe, Constanze Helmchen, Eric Manton, Astrid Fischer and Ulrike Hesse. Martina Fischer & Norbert Ropers Berlin I Colombo, July 20, 2003