GOV 390L (39135) Democratic Consolidation

Transcription

1 GOV 390L (39135) Democratic Consolidation Course meetings: Tuesdays, 3:30-6:30 p.m. in Batts Professor Raúl Madrid Office: Batts (Tel: ) Office hours: Tuesdays 9:30-11 a.m. and Thursdays 2-3:30 p.m. This course explores the causes of democratization and democratic consolidation or lack thereof. The aims of the course are three-fold: 1) To acquaint students with the theoretical literatures on these subjects; 2) To teach students how to design and evaluate theoretically-oriented research; and 3) To train students to carry out various types of writing assignments that political scientists are frequently required to perform. The first two weeks of the course provide an overview of the field and the methods used in it. Subsequent weeks focus in depth on different factors that have been argued to play a key role in fostering or undermining democracy. These include economic development, elites, the working classes, inequality, natural resources, civil society, religious and ethnic cleavages, political culture, institutional factors, and international diffusion I will make most of the readings available to members of the class on Blackboard. The following books are available for purchase at the University Coop: Collier, Ruth Berins Paths Toward Democracy: The Working Class and Elites in Western Europe and Latin America. New York: Cambridge University Press Coppedge, Michael. Democratization and Research Methods. New York: Cambridge University Press, Dunning, Thad Crude Democracy: Natural Resource Wealth and Political Regimes. New York: Cambridge University Press. REQUIREMENTS This is a discussion seminar and students will be required to participate regularly in class discussions. Participation will count for 10 per cent of each student's grade. Each week, some students will be responsible for helping facilitate the discussion of that week's readings. This class does not have a final exam, but it does have five written assignments: 1) A 4-5 page paper that proposes a new method for measuring democracy, democratic consolidation, or democratic deepening. You should carefully outline your proposed measure and explain why it is superior to existing measures, at least for your

2 purposes. This will necessarily involve some discussion of the literature. This paper, which is worth 15 percent of your grade, is due in class on Jan ) A 3-4 page analysis of one of the articles assigned for Week 5. The analysis, which is worth 10 percent of your grade, is due in class on February 12. Students should write the analysis as if they were refereeing the article for a major political science journal. You should evaluate the importance of the theoretical and empirical contribution, the soundness of the methodology, and the persuasiveness of the empirical evidence. 3) A 5-6 page book review of Crude Democracy. The review, which is worth 15 percent of your final grade, is due in class on March 5. Each review should summarize and evaluate the theoretical arguments and empirical evidence presented in the book. 4) An 8-10 page review essay analyzing the articles on religion and democracy assigned for Week 11 (excluding the Welzel and Inglehart piece). The review essay, which is worth 20 percent of your grade, is due in class on April 2. The essay should compare and contrast the articles/chapters assigned for that week, pointing out theoretical, methodological, and empirical problems. It should also identify a research agenda for the future. 5) A page research proposal. The proposal or paper, which is worth 30 per cent of your grade, is due on May 8. The proposal should identify an interesting research question having to do with democratization or democratic consolidation, discuss the theoretical literature on this topic, present some plausible hypotheses, and describe a feasible means of testing these hypotheses. With my permission, students may write a research paper instead of the research proposal. Students will also need to present their research proposal to the class on April 23 or 30. In this presentation, which will not be graded, students should identify their research question and present some preliminary hypotheses. The aim of this presentation is for the students to get useful feedback that will help them with their proposals. Plus/minus grading will be used in this course. Students with disabilities may request appropriate accommodations from the Division of Diversity and Community Engagement, Services for Students with Disabilities, , Students who need to miss a class due to a religious holiday should notify me at least fourteen days prior to the holiday. If you must miss a class, an examination, a work assignment, or a project in order to observe a religious holy day, you will be given an opportunity to complete the missed work within a reasonable time after the absence. Policy on Scholastic Dishonesty: Students who violate University rules on scholastic dishonesty are subject to disciplinary penalties, including the possibility of failure in the course and/or dismissal from the University. Since such dishonesty harms the individual, all students, and the integrity of the University, policies on scholastic dishonesty will be strictly enforced. For further information on academic integrity and plagiarism please visit the Student Judicial Services Web site:

3 COURSE READINGS Week 1 (Jan. 15): Concepts and Methods in the Study of Democracy. What is democracy? How should we measure it? What are the main advantages and disadvantages of the different methods used in the study of democracy? Coppedge, Michael. Democratization and Research Methods. New York: Cambridge University Press, Chs. 1-3, pp Munck, Gerardo "Canons of Research Design in Qualitative Analysis." Studies in Comparative International Development Vol. 33, no. 3, (Fall) pp Week 2 (Jan. 22): Democratization: The State of the Art. What do we know about democratization and democratic consolidation? How do we know it? Where should the field go from here? Geddes, Barbara What Causes Democratization? In Carles Boix and Susan Stokes, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics. New York: Oxford University Press: Coppedge, Michael. Democratization and Research Methods. New York: Cambridge University Press, Chs. 4-10, pp Week 3 (Jan. 29): Economic development and democracy. What is the relationship between economic development and democracy? Is it linear or non-linear? Is it endogenous or exogenous? Does it hold across time periods and regions? What types of causal mechanisms underlie the relationship? Lipset, Seymour Martin Political Man: The Social Bases of Politics. William Heinemann Ltd. Ch. 2, pp O Donnell, Guillermo. Modernization and Bureaucratic Authoritarianism. (Berkeley, CA: Institute for International Studies, 1973). Chs. 1-2, pp Przeworski, Adam, and Fernando Limongi. "Modernization: Theories and Facts." World Politics, 49 (January 1997), pp Boix, Carles and Susan Stokes Endogenous Democratization. World Politics 55 (July): Boix, Carles Democracy, Development and the International System. American Political Science Review 105, 4 (Nov.):

4 Week 4 (Feb. 5): Social classes and democracy. Who plays the key role in bringing about democracy? Are the masses or elites more important? Which social classes support and which classes oppose democracy? Under what circumstances do particular classes prevail? How important is agency versus structure in democratization? O Donnell, Guillermo, and Schmitter, Philippe C Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. All, pp Rueschemeyer, Dietrich, Evelyne Huber Stephens, and John D. Stephens Capitalist Development and Democracy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, Chs. 1-3, pp Collier, Ruth Berins Paths Toward Democracy: The Working Class and Elites in Western Europe and Latin America. New York: Cambridge University Press, Ch. 1, pp & Ch. 5, pp Bellin, Eva "Contingent Democrats: Industrialists, Labor and Democratization in Late- Developing Countries." World Politics 52 (January), Week 5 (Feb. 12): Inequality and democracy. What is the relationship between inequality and democracy? Does inequality have a different impact on democratic consolidation than on democratization? Does capital mobility mediate the relationship between inequality and democratization? Acemoglu, Daron, and James A. Robinson Economic Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy. New York: Cambridge University Press, Chs. 1-3, pp Freeman, John R., and Dennis P. Quinn The Economic Origins of Democracy Reconsidered. American Political Science Review 106, 1 (February): Ansell, Ben, and David Samuels Inequality and Democratization: A Contractarian Approach. Comparative Political Studies 43 (12): Houle, Christian "Inequality and Democracy: Why Inequality Harms Consolidation But Does Not Affect Democratization " World Politics 61 (4): Ziblatt, Daniel Shaping Democratic Practice and the Causes of Electoral Fraud: The Case of 19 th Century Germany. American Political Science Review 103, 1 (February): Haggard, Stephan, and Robert R. Kaufman Inequality and Regime Change: Democratic Transitions and the Stability of Democratic Rule. American Political Science Review 106, 3 (August):

5 Week 6 (Feb. 19): Economic policies and democracy. Is economic openness conducive to democracy? Can market reforms undermine democracy in certain instances? What is the relationship between economic openness and political participation? Li, Quan, and Rafael Reuveny Economic Globalization and Democracy: An Empirical Analysis, British Journal of Political Science 33 (January): Rudra, Nita Globalization and the Strengthening of Democracy in the Developing World, American Journal of Political Science 49, 4 (October): Gans-Morse, Jordan, and Simeon Nichter Economic Reforms and Democratization, Comparative Political Studies 41, 10 (October): Gallagher, Mary Elizabeth Reform and Openness: Why China s Economic Reforms Have Delayed Democracy. World Politics 54, 3 (April): Kurtz, Marcus J Dilemmas of Democracy in the Open Economy, World Politics 56, 2 (January): Gervasoni, Carlos A Rentier Theory of Subnational Regimes: Fiscal Federalism, Democracy and Authoritarianism in the Argentine Provinces. World Politics 62, 2 (April): Week 7 (Feb 26): International factors and democracy. Does democracy diffuse? What sorts of mechanisms lead to the spread of democracy from one nation to another? Can foreign governments and international organizations help promote democracy? Brinks, Daniel, and Michael Coppedge Diffusion is No Illusion, Comparative Political Studies: Gleditsch, Kristian Skrede and Michael Ward, Diffusion and the International Context of Democratization. International Organization 60:4 (Fall 2006), pp Weyland, Kurt The Diffusion of Political Regime Contention in European Democratization, , Comparative Political Studies, 43, 8/9: Pevehouse, Jon Democracy from the Outside-In? International Organizations and Democratization, International Organization 56, 3 (Summer): Finkel, Steven E., Aníbal Pérez Liñan, and Mitchell A. Seligson The Effects of U.S. Foreign Assistance on Democracy Building, World Politics 59, 3 (April):

6 Lankina, Tomila, and Lullit Getachew A Geographic Incremental Theory of Democratization: Territory, Aid, and Democracy in Postcommunist Regions. World Politics 58, 4 (July): Week 8 (March 5): Natural resources and democracy. Does oil wealth undermine democracy? If so, why? Are there other variables that mediate the impact of oil wealth on democracy? What impact does resource dependence more generally have on democracy? Dunning, Thad Crude Democracy: Natural Resource Wealth and Political Regimes. New York: Cambridge University Press. All (291 pp.), but skim Ch. 3, pp Ross, Michael The Oil Curse: How Petroleum Shapes the Development of Nations. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Ch. 3, pp Haber, Stephen, and Victor Menaldo Do Natural Resources Fuel Authoritarianism? A Reappraisal of the Resource Curse. American Political Science Review 105, 1 (February): Week 9 (March 19): Authoritarian institutions and democracy. How are authoritarian regimes sustained? Does the type of authoritarian regime affect the prospects for democracy? Are certain types of regimes regimes more conducive to democracy than other types of regimes? How do authoritarian institutions break down? Wintrobe, Ronald Dictatorship: Analytical Approaches. In Carles Boix and Susan Stokes, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics. New York: Oxford University Press: Levitsky, Steven, and Lucan Way Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes After the Cold War. New York: Cambridge University Press. Chs. 1-2, pp Brownlee, Jason Portents of Pluralism: How Hybrid Regimes Affect Democratic Transitions. American Journal of Political Science 53, 3 (July): Greene, Kenneth F The Political Economy of Single-Party Dominance, Comparative Political Studies 43, 7: Magaloni, Beatriz Credible Power-Sharing and the Longevity of Authoritarian Rule. Comparative Political Studies 41, 4/5: Bunce, Valerie, and Sharon L. Wolchik Defeating Dictators: Electoral Change and Stability in Competitive Authoritarian Regimes. World Politics 62, 1 (January):

7 Week 10 (March 26): Democratic institutions and democracy. Are presidential systems more prone to breakdown than parliamentary systems? How do constitutions shape democracy? What other types of political institutions effect democracy? Stepan, Alfred, and Cindy Skach "Constitutional Frameworks and Democratic Consolidation? Parliamentarism versus Presidentialism." World Politics 46 (1): Shugart, Matthew Soberg, and Scott Mainwaring Presidentialism and Democracy in Latin America: Rethinking the Terms of the Debate. In Mainwaring and Shugart, eds. Presidentialism and Democracy in Latin America. Cambridge University Press, Ch. 1, pp Hale, Henry Formal Constitutions in Informal Politics: Institutions and Democratization in Post-Soviet Eurasia. World Politics 63, 4 (October): Gerring, John, Strom C. Thacker, and Carola Moreno Centripetal Democratic Governance: A Theory and Global Inquiry. American Political Science Review 99, 4 (November): Alexander, Gerard Institutions, Path Dependence, and Democratic Consolidation, Journal of Theoretical Politics 13, 3: Hariri, Jacob Gerner The Autocratic Legacy of Early Statehood. American Political Science Review 106, 3 (August): Week 11 (April 2): Political Culture, Religion and Democracy. How does religion and political culture more generally shape the prospects for democracy? Are protestant countries more likely to be democratic? Are Islamic countries less likely to be democratic? If so, why? Welzel, Christian, and Ronald Inglehart Mass Beliefs and Democratic Institutions. In Carles Boix and Susan Stokes, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics. New York: Oxford University Press: Philpott, Daniel Explaining the Political Ambivalence of Religion, American Political Science Review 101, 3 (August): Woodberry, Robert D The Missionary Roots of Liberal Democracy. American Political Science Review 106, 2 (May): Tusalem, Rollin F The Role of Protestantism in Democratic Consolidation among Transitional States. Comparative Political Studies 42, 7 (January): Donno, Daniela, and Bruce M. Russett Islam, Authoritarianism, and Female Empowerment: What Are the Linkages? World Politics 56, 4 (July): Somer, Murat Does It Take Democrats to Democratize? Lessons from Islamic and Secular Elite Values in Turkey. Comparative Political Studies 44, 5:

8 Week 12 (April 9): Ethnic diversity and democracy. What is the impact of ethnic diversity on democracy? Why might ethnic diversity undermine democracy? Under what circumstances might ethnic diversity be good for democracy? Rabushka, Alvin, and Kenneth Shepsle [1972]. Politics in Plural Societies: A Theory of Democratic Instability. New York: Pearson / Longman, Ch. 3, pp ; epilogue, pp Horowitz, Donald Ethnic Groups in Conflict. Berkeley: University of California Press: Chs. 7-8, pp Chandra, Kanchan Ethnic Parties and Democratic Stability. Perspectives on Politics 3, 2 (June): Fish, M. Steven, and Robin S. Brooks Does Diversity Hurt Democracy? Journal of Democracy 15, 1 (January): Beissinger, Mark A New Look at Ethnicity and Democratization, Journal of Democracy, 19, 3: Kopstein, Jeffrey S., and Jason Wittenberg Beyond Dictatorship and Democracy: Rethinking National Minority Inclusion and Regime Type in Interwar Eastern Europe. Comparative Political Studies 43, 8/9: Week 13 (April 16): Civil Society and Democracy. Are strong civil societies necessary for deepening democracy? Under what circumstances might civil societies undermine democracy? Putnam, Robert D Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton: Princeton University Press, Ch. 1 (pp. 1-16) and Ch. 4 (pp ) and Ch. 6 (pp ). Varshney, Ashutosh Ethnic Conflict and Civil Society: India and Beyond, World Politics, pp Berman, Sheri Civil Society and the Collapse of the Weimar Republic, World Politics: Chambers, Simone, and Jeffrey Kopstein Bad Civil Society, Political Theory 29, 6 (December): Bernhard, Michael H. and Ekrem Karakoc Civil Society and the Legacies of Dictatorship. World Politics 59, 4 (July):

9 Week 14 (April 23) Student presentations Week 15 (April 30) Student presentations