THE INDIAN COMMUNITY SCHOOL, KUWAIT

Transcription

1 THE INDIAN COMMUNITY SCHOOL, KUWAIT SERIES : II TE / CODE : N 028 TIME ALLOWED : 3 HOURS NAME OF STUDENT : MAX. MARKS : 100 ROLL NO. :.. CLASS/SEC :.. NO. OF PAGES : MAP POLITICAL SCIENCE ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ General Instructions: 1. All Questions are compulsory. 2. Question Nos. 1- are of 1 mark each. The answers to these questions should not exceed 20 words each. 3. Question Nos. -10 are of 2 marks each. The answers to these questions should not exceed 0 words each.. Question Nos are of marks each. The answers to these questions should not exceed 100 words each..question Nos are cartoon / passage basis questions.. Question Nos are marks each.the answer to these questions should not exceed 10 words each. Question No. 27 is a map question 1. What do you mean by confidence building in tradional notion of security? 1 2. Which are the two thrust areas of globalization? 1 3. Name the two leaders who were known for the slogans (a) Jai Jawan Jai Kisan 1 (b) Garib I Hatao. Mention any two demands of Dalit Panthers? 1. The famous personality who was known as Periyar, who opposed to Hindi domination 1 in North India. What is the significance of human security in the contemporary world? 2 7. Briefly explain the major issue that led to the formal split of congress in Point out any two problems faced by Akalis in Punjab after they came in to power 2 in Identify any four new sources of threats to security What was known as Goa problem? How Indian army liberated Goa? Explain India s stand on environmental issues. What steps have been suggested by India in this respect?

2 12. Mention any four demands of Bharatiya Kissan Union Would you consider anti-arrack movement as women s movement? Why? 1. Write in brief about Assam movement.. 1. Write a brief note on Bahujan Samaj Party. 1. Indira Gandhi was left with no option except to impose emergency Comment. 17 Passage Based Questions.: (a) Which popular movement does this picture symbolize? (1) (b) When and where it was started first? (2) (c )What was the novel feature of this movement? (2) 18. By 200, the UN had 192 member states. These included almost all independent states. In the UN General Assembly, all members have one vote each. In the UN Security Council, there are five permanent members. These are: the United States, Russia, the United Kingdom, France and China. These states were selected as permanent members as they were the most Powerful immediately after the Second World War and because they constituted the victors in the War. 1. How many member states were there in UN in 200? 1 2. Name five permanent members of UN Security Council 2 3. Why these states were selected as permanent Oil for much of the 20th century as a portable and indispensable fuel. The immense wealth associated with oil generates political struggles to control it, and the history of petroleum is also the history of war and struggle. Nowhere is this more obviously the case than in West Asia and Central Asia. West Asia, specifically the Gulf region, accounts for about 30 per cent of global oil production. But it has about percent of the planet s known reserves, and is therefore the only region able to satisfy any substantial rise in oil demand. Saudi Arabia has a quarter of the world s total reserves and is the single largest producer. Iraq s known reserves are second only to Saudi Arabia s. 1. Which region has much potential for oil production? 1 2. Which area is supposed to have far larger reserves than actually it has? 2

3 3. Mention any two examples to prove the history of petroleum is the history of war 2 And struggle. 20 Sardar Sarovar Project is a multi-purpose mega-scale dam. Its advocates say that it would benefit huge areas of Gujarat and the three adjoining states in terms of availability of drinking water and water for irrigation, generation of electricity and increase in agricultural production. Many more subsidiary benefits like effective flood and drought control in the region were linked to the success of this dam. In the process of construction of this dam 2 villages from these states were expected to get submerged. It required relocation of around two and half lakh of people form these villages. Issues of relocation and proper rehabilitation of the project affected people were first raised by local avtivist groups. 1. Why is Sardar Sarovar Project mentioned as multipurpose mega scale dam? 2 2. Why was it opposed by villagers? 2 3. What was the main demand of local Activist Groups? As a citizen of India, how would you support India s candidature for the permanent membership of security Council? Justify your proposal. 22. Which are the two notions of security? In which category terrorism belongs? Why? 2+ = 23. Why was the year 197 considered a landmark year in the political and electoral history of India? 2. Politics in India has succeeded in accepting regionalism as a part and parcel of democratic Politics Do you agree? Justify your statement. 2 Discuss the meaning of Dalit Politics. Explain the effects or consequences of Backward Politics. 2 List any six factors contributed to the popularity of Indira Gandhi s Government in the decades of 1970s. 27. In the given political outline map of India, five states have been marked as (A0, (B), (C), (D), and (E ). Identify these state son the basis of the information given below and write their correct names in your answer book along with their respective serial number of the information used in the concerned alphabets as per the following format. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) The state to which Nizam belonged to: The state, whose leader signed an agreement with Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi The state where Dalit Panthers Organization was active The state where article 370 of the constitution is applicable State from where JP Narayan demanded the dismissal of Congress government in197.

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5 XII POLITICAL SCIENCE ANSWER KEY 1 A process by which different countries share their ideas and information with rival countries by intimating each other about their military plans 1 2 Liberalization and industrialization 1 3 Lal Bahadur Shastri, Indira Gandhi respectively 1 They demanded effective implementation of reservations and demanded 1 social justice. They fought against caste inequalities Sri. Ramaswami Naicker 1 It is because during the last 100 years more people have been killed by 2 their own governments than by foreign armies. It is to protect citizens from foreign attcks, security from violent threats and security from threats to human dignity (any valid points) 7 Despite Indira Gandhi s representatives, the syndicate nominated Neelam 2 Sanjeeva Reddy, official congress candidate for ensuring presidential elections. Indira Gandhi retaliated by keeping V.V. Giri then Vice Preisdent to be nominated as an independent candidate which created such a situation of split in the party. 8 They were asking political autonomy in Punjab and for that in 1973 they 2 have passed a resolution at their conference in Anandpur Shaib. Their political po sition remained precarious. The Dalits whether Hindul Sikh, got more support in the Congress Government. (any relevant point) 9 Terrorism, Human Rights, Global Poverty, Health epidemics, 2 Unemployment (any four) 10 Goa was under Portuges along with Daman and Diu, which expected freedom in 197, but Portugese refused. Goa wanted to be merged with 2 motherland and suppressed from religious conversions and civil rights known as Goa Problem. In 191, government of India sent army under Operation Vijay and liberated Goa from Portugese. 11 India has signed the Kyoto Protocol in Aug. 2002, which emphasized to follow the principle, Common but differentiated responsibility. Indian Govt. has launched a National Mission on Bio Diesel which makes India to have one of the largest renewable energy programs in the world. The Indian Government also participate in global efforts through a number of programs ie. National Auto fuel policy, Electricity Act 2003, Energy conservation act 2001 etc. 12 Higher government floor prices for sugarcane and wheat Guaranteed supply of electricity at reasonable ratesto waive off repayments due on loan to farmers To provide government pension ( any two) 13 The habit of alcoholism had taken deep roots among the village people and was ruining their physical and mental health. It affected the rural economy of the region a great deal. Indebtedness grew with increasing scales of consumption of alcohol Men remained absent from their jobs and the contractors of alcohol engaged in crime for securing their monopoly over the arrack trade. Women were the worst sufferers of these ill-effects of alcohol as it resulted in the collapse of the family economy and women had to bear the brunt of violence from the male family members, particularly the husband.

6 Women in Nellore came together in spontaneous local initiatives to protest against arrack and forced closure of the wine shop. The news spread fast and women of about 000 villages got inspired and met together in meetings, passed resolutions for imposing prohibition and sent them to the District Collector. 1 The Assamese suspected that there were huge numbers of illegal Bengali Muslim settlers from Bangladesh. They felt that unless these foreign nationals are detected and deported they would reduce the indigenous Assamese into a minority. There was widespread poverty and unemployment in Assam in spite of natural resources like oil, tea and coal. It was felt that these were drained out of the State without any benefits to the people. In 1979 the All Assam Students Union (AASU), a students group not affiliated to any party, led an anti-foreigner movement. The movement demanded that all outsiders who had entered the State after 191 should be sent back. It also involved many tragic and violent incidents leading to loss of property and human lives. 1 The BSP began as a small party supported largely by Dalit voters in Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. In 1989 and the 1991 elections, it achieved a breakthrough in Uttar Pradesh. This was the first time in independent India that a political party supported mainly by Dalit voters had achieved this kind of political success. In fact, the BSP, under Kanshi Ram s leadership was envisaged as an organization based on pragmatic politics. It derived confidence from the fact that the bahujans constituted the majority of the population, and were a formidable political force on the strength of their numbers. Its strongest support still comes from Dalit voters, but it has expanded its support now to various other social groups. 1 On 12 June 197, Justice Jagmohan Lal Sinha of the Allahabad High Court passed a judgment declaring Indira Gandhi s election to the Lok Sabha invalid. This order came on an election petition filed by Raj Narain, a socialist leader and a candidate who had contested against her in The petition challenged the election of Indira Gandhi on the ground that she had used the services of government servants in her election campaign. In March 197 students came together in Bihar to protest against rising prices, food scarcity, unemployment and corruption. After a point they invited Jayaprakash Narayan (JP), who had given up active politics and was involved in social work, to lead the student movement. He accepted it on the condition that the movement will remain nonviolent and will not limit itself to Bihar. Jayaprakash Narayan demanded the dismissal of the Congress government in Bihar and gave a call for total revolution in the social, economic and political spheres in order to establish true democracy. In the elections of 1971, Congress had given the slogan of Garibi Hatao (remove poverty). However, the social and economic condition in the country did not improve much after

7 The Bangladesh crisis had put a heavy strain on India s economy because about eight million people crossed over the East Pakistan border into India democracy. (any relevant point) 17 Chipko Movement, in 1973 Uttarakhand Frist time women also has participated in a movement along with men by embracing trees against the illegal trading of woods Russia, UK, USA, China, and France After the second world war also their economy remained strong, they became the victorious in the war 19 West Asia, specifically the Gulf region, accounts for about 30 per cent of global oil production Saudi Arabia and Iraq The war fought between Iran and Iraq, the invasion of Kuwait by Iraq, Americas intervention in Iraq etc. 20 It is using for drinking water and water for irrigation, generation of electricity and increase in agricultural production In the process of construction of this dam 2 villages from these states were expected to get submerged It required relocation of around two and half lakh of people form these villages. Issues of relocation and proper rehabilitation of the project affected people were first raised by local activist groups 21 Being citizen of India we would firmly support India s candidature, for the permanent membership of UN Security Council on the grounds to be second most populous and second largest democracy. India has participated in all of the initiatives of the UN. India s peace keeping force is long and substantial one. The economic growth of India is another point why India claims to have a permanent seat in Security Council. India is regular in its payment to UN. India knows the permanent seat in Security Council has symbolic importance. It signifies a country s growing importance in world affairs 22 Traditional and Non-Traditional notion of security Terrorism belongs to Traditional notion of security Terrorism is a new threat which became very common in the modern world. It targets civilians by hijacking planes or planting bombs, café, markets etc. These group wanted to achieve their objective by doing this just to remove the existing government, To make an unhappiness atmosphere among the public through which they may oppose the existing ruling govt. eg. Terrorist attack in Mumbai, and in USA. 23 It was in the midst of high discontent and the polarization of political forces the the fourth general election was held in 197, not be in favor of Congress. Many contemporary political observers described the election results as Political Earthquake Though the congress managed to get majority in the Lok Sabha, it was very lowest votes they got since 192.

8 Half of the ministers in Indira Gandhi s cabinet were defeated. The political leaders like Kamraj in Tamil Nadu, S.K. Patil in Maharashtra, Atulya Ghosh in West Bengal, and KB Sahay in Bihar were defeated along with majority lost in other states also for the very first time any non-congress party has secured majority including coalition government consisting of different non-congress parties.. The election of 197, brought the phenomenon of coalitions. 2 Accommodation is needed in democratic politics because Regional aspirations are very much a part of democratic politics and expression of regional issues is not an aberration or an abnormal phenomenon. Even the United Kingdom there is regional aspirations in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Spain faces secessionist movement from the Basques The best way to respond to regional aspirations is through democratic negotiations rather than through suppression. Power sharing is very important a formal democratic structure and the region need to be given share in power at the State level. Regional imbalance in economic development contributes to the feeling of regional discrimination. The backward states or backward regions in some states feel that their backwardness should be addressed on priority basis. 2 One long-term development of this period was the rise of Other Backward Classes as a political force. These are communities other than SC and ST who suffer from educational and social backwardness and referred to as backward castes In the 1980s, the Janata Dal brought together a combination of political groups with strong support among the OBCs. In the decision of the National Front government to implement the recommendations of the Mandal Commission further helped in shaping the politics of other backward classes. The intense national debate concerning reservation in jobs made people from the OBC communities more aware of this identity. It helped those who wanted to mobilize these groups in politics. Effects: Development of class consciousness, increased political consciousness, formation of Dalit organisations, Enabled economic development, Emergence of elite classes, Enable the weaker sections to join in the main stream of society. (any ) 2 Her ideology: On the growth of public sector, ceiling on rural land holdings and urban property, removal of disparities of income and opportunity to abolish princely privileges Garibi Hatao was accepted by the poor, (landless labourers) Dalits and Adivasis, minorities, women and unemployed youth and se could build a nation wide political support. In the next electionindira Gandhis Congress won 32 seats with about % of the popular votes on its own. Thus Indira Gandhis congress enjoyed a dominant position in Indian politics. The Grand Alliance proved to be a failure. Soon after the election, a major political and military crisis broke in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) This led to the war between India and Pakistan and with the support of India Bangladesh was formed.

9 These events added her popularity and even opposition leaders admired her for her statesmanship. Later in the state elections also Congress could secure majority of seats 27 (i) Hyderabad (ii) Mizoram (iii) Maharashtra (iv) Jammu & Kashmir (v) Bihar