Political Science. Class - XII. Chapter Assignments

Transcription

1 Political Science Class - XII Chapter Assignments PART A CONTEMPORARY WORLD POLITICS Cold War Era The End of Bipolarity US hegemony in World politics Alternative centers of Power Contemporary South Asia International Politics Security in Contemporary World Environment and Natural Resources Globalisation

2 Chapter- 1 The Cold War Era 1 & 2 Marks Question 1. What was cold war? 2. What was Bandung Conference? 3. For what LDC stands for? 4. Mention two super powers confrontation during the Cold War which took place in and How did Non-Aligned policy serve India s interest? Mention one advantage. 4 Marks Question 1. When were bombs dropped on Japanese cities? Give one argument each in favour and against it. 2. Which two powers groups fought in World War II? In which regions was the war fought? 3. Describe the main military features of the Cold War. 4. Describe the aim of smaller states to join the power blocs. What were its result? 5. Why did the super powers have military alliances with smaller countries? 5 Marks questions Map question 1. Study the map given below and answer the questions that follow: 2

3 (i) which countries were the members of NATO and Warsaw Pact? (ii) When were these alliances signed? (iii) What was the object of Warsaw Pact? (iv) Which was the main clause of NATO? Picture based 2. Study the following cartoons and answer the questions that follow: (i) What do the above cartoons depict? (ii) What was the result of US intervention in Vietnam? 6 Marks questions 1. What is logic of deterrence? 2. Write a short note on Cold war 3. India s policy of non-alignment has been criticized for being inconsistent and unprincipled. Do you agree? Why? 4. Evaluate the NIEO of 1970s 5. NAM was considered a third option by Third World countries. How did this option benefit their growth during the peak of the Cold war 6. What was India s foreign policy towards the US and USSR during the Cold War era? Do you think that this policy helped India s interest? 7. Write a note on Non-alignment as a challenge to bipolarity 3

4 Chapter- 2 End of Bipolarity 1 & 2 Marks Question 1. Why is the fall of Berlin wall in 1989 treated as the end of bipolarity? 2. Mention two defects of the soviet system. 3. Who was Gorbachev? What did he try to do in USSR? 4. What is Shock Therapy? 5. Name the provinces which became independent of Yugoslavia after Marks Question 1. Write a short note on Mikhail Gorbachev. 2. Which republic became the successor of the Soviet Union? What was its position in the international sphere? 3. Under shock therapy, how the transition from socialism to capitalism took place? 4. Describe the reason for revival of economic of post-communist regimes including Russia in Marks Questions 1. Why did the Soviet Union collapse inspite of Gorbachev s accurate diagnosis of the problem and his attempt to improve reforms? 2. What are the consequences of disintegration of USSR? 3. Examine India s relationship with the former Soviet Union during the Cold War. 4. Write an essay for or against the following proportions: With the disintegration of the second world, India should change its foreign policy and focus more on friendship with the US rather than with tradition friends like Russia. 5. What were the major consequences of the disintegration of the Soviet Union for countries like India? 4

5 5 Marks questions Map question 1. Study the map and answer the questions given below: Political Map of the Commonwealth of Independent States, 1947 (i) Name the three Baltic republics that became UN members in September 1991 and locate them by marking 1, 2, 3. (ii) Which republics are oil and gas produces? 5

6 Chapter 3 US Hegemony in World Politics 1 & 2 Marks Question 1. Why is the First Gulf War called a video game war? 2. What is meant by Hegemony? 3. What was Gulf War of 1990? 4. Who were the targets of operation Enduring Freedom launched by the US as part of the Global War on Terror? 5. What do you understand by SLOCs? What is their importance? 6. What do you understand by hegemony as a soft Power 7. What is bandwagon strategy? 8. Which was the first business school? When was it established? 4 Marks Question 1. Why is 9/11 important in American context? 2. Mention three ways in which US dominance since the Cold War is different from its position as a super power during Cold War. 3. What were the constraints on American Powers 4. If big and resourceful states cannot resist the US Hegemony, it is unrealistic to expect much smaller and weaker non- states actors to offer any resistance. Examine this proposition and give your opinion 5 Marks questions Picture based Q1 P See the picture given below and answer the questions that follow: 6

7 (i) What does the picture show? (ii) Who were the people behind this incident? (iii) What did the US do after the incident? Map question 2. Study the map given below and answer the questions that follows: (i) What does the map show? (ii) Which are give commands? (iii) Why do the armed forces divide their areas of operations into various commands? 6 Marks Questions 1. Describe the process by which US Hegemony was established? 2. Write a short note on Iraq Invasion. 3. How can be hegemony overcome? 4. Describe hegemony as Structural power 5. Describe India s relation with US 7

8 Chapter 4 Alternatives Centers of Powers 1 & 2 Marks Question 1. What is meant by Maastricht Treaty? 2. What is FTA? 3. When was ASEAN established and by which countries? 4. Which organisation was established under the Marshall Plan and why? 5. What was the aim of AESAN security community? 4 Marks Question 1. When was ASEAN established? What is its aim? 2. Explain the vision of AESAN countries for Identify the contentious issues between china and India. 4. How does geographical proximity influence the formation of regional organisations? 5. The peace and prosperity of courtiers lay in the establishment and strengthening of regional economic organisations. Justify this statement. 5 Marks questions Picture based 1. Look at the cartoon given below and answer the following questions: (i) To which Indian policy this cartoon refers to? (ii) What is the importance of this policy? 8

9 6 Marks Questions 1. How did the European countries resolve their post- Second World War problem? Briefly outline the attempts that led to the formation of the European Union. 2. What made the European Union a highly influential regional organisation? 3. Explain the factors responsible for the rise of the Chinese economy. 4. Describe the India-china relations. 5. Describe the importance and strengths of ASEAN. 9

10 Chapter 5 Contemporary South Asia 1 & 2 Marks Question 1. Which political party dominates the political affairs of Maldives? 2. Describe the ideology of Maoists of Nepal. 3. Why are the most conflict in South Asia between India and other countries? 4. Which treaty was signed by India and Pakistan for solving the problem of sharing of river waters? 4 Marks Question 1. Describe the geographical position of South Asia. 2. Describe the role of government of India in the ethnic struggles of Sri Lanka. 3. Describe the relations between India and Maldives 4. Describe the relations between India and Bhutan 5. Write a short note on the role and the limitations of SAARC as a forum for facilitating economic cooperation among the South Asian Countries 6. How are the external powers influencing bilateral relations in South Asia? 7. Mention two areas each of cooperation and disagreement between India and Bangladesh. 5 Marks questions Picture based Q 9 P See the cartoons given below and answer the questions that follow: (i) Interpret the role of two key players who are also interested in the region. (ii) Is there any commonality between their perspectives? 10

11 Map question 2. Study the following map/chart and answer the questions that follow: Democracy is preferred over dictatorship everywhere except in Pakistan Those who agree with one of these statements (i) Where is democracy most preferable? (ii) Where is democracy less preferable? (iii) In which country most people think democracy as a suitable government for them? (iv) What conclusions can be drawn from the above map/chart? 6 Marks Questions 1. Describe the factors responsible for Pakistan s failure in building a stable democracy. 2. What were the causes for popular struggle in East Pakistan (Bangladesh) against West Pakistan? What were their demands? What were its results? 3. Describe Indo- Pakistan conflicts. 4. Describe India- Nepal Relations. 11

12 5. Inspite of ongoing conflict, Sri Lanka has registered considerable economic growth and recorded high level of human development. Explain. 6. The various countries in South Asia do not have same kinf of political system. Explain. 12

13 Chapter 6 International Organisations 1 & 2 Marks Question 1. Describe the composition of Economic and social Council. 2. Describe the composition of the international Court of Justice. 3. What was the prime objective of UN? 4. Who head the Secretariat of the UN? How is he appointed? 5. Name four organisations which deal with economic and social issues. 4 Marks Question 1. The United Nation was not created to take humanity to heaven, but to save it from hell. What is meant by this statement? 2. What are the functions of Security Council? 3. Reforming the UN means restructuring of the Security Council. Do you agree with this statement? Give arguments for against this position. 4. Describe the composition of the General Assembly? How does it take decisions? 5. Write a note on International Atomic Energy Agency 6. Write a short note on Human Rights Watch. 7. Though the UN had failed in preventing wars and related miseries, nations prefer its continuation. What makes the UN an indispensable organisation? 8. Write a note on Amnesty International. 6 Marks Questions 1. Which are the principal organs of the UN and their Subsidiary bodies and related organisations? 2. Describe the various proposals for reforms of structures and process of the UN. 3. What is Veto Power? Why the move to abolish or modify the Veto system has not been successful? 4. What steps should be taken to strengthen the UNO? 5. Write a note on WTO. 6. Describe the position of UN in a unipolar world. 13

14 5 Marks questions Picture based Q8 Pg Study the cartoon given below and answer the questions that follow. The humanitarian crisis in Darfur, Sudan since 2003 has attracted empty promises by the international Community. (i) How do you think the UN can intervene in situations like this? (ii) Would that require a change in its jurisdiction? Passage Based Question Talking shop? Yes, there are lot of speeches and meetings at the UN, especially during the annual sessions of the General Assembly. But as Churchill put it, jaw-jaw is better than war-war. Isn t it better to have one place where all.. Countries in the world can get together, bore each other sometimes with their words rather than holes into each other on the battlefield? i) Who is the author of the above paragraph? ii) Why do we need international organisations like UNO? 14

15 Chapter 7 Security in Contemporary World 1 & 2 Marks Question 1. What is security? 2. How a balance of a power can be maintained 3. What is the difference deterrence and defence? 4. What is an alliance? 5. What is global security? 6. What is international terrorism? 4 Marks Question 1. Under the traditional view of security why most of treat to a country s security come from outside its borders? 2. What is relation between per capital income and population growth? 3. What do you understand by referent? What does this concept stand for in traditional security and non-traditional security? 4. What is the significance of Kyoto Protocol? Is India a signatory to this protocol? 5. What is the difference traditional and non- traditional security? Which category would the creation and sustenance of alliances belong to? 6. What is Balance of Power? How could a state achieve this? 7. What are the objectives of military alliances? Give an example of a functioning military alliance with its specific objectives. 8. Nuclear weapons as deterrence or defence have limited usage against contemporary security threats to states. Explain the statement. 6 Marks Questions 1. Write an essay on Traditional security and cooperation. 2. What are the reasons behind the rise of international terrorism? 3. Write a short note on human security. 4. Write a note on Health epidemics as a new source of threat security. 5. What are the reasons behind the rise of international terrorism? 6. State the various components of India s security strategy. 15

16 5 Marks questions Picture based 1. Read the cartoon below and write a short note in favour or against the connection between war and terrorism depicted in the cartoon. 2. See the cartoon given below and answer the questions that follow: (i) How do the big powers react when new countries claim nuclear status? (ii) On what basis can we say that some countries can be trusted with nuclear weapons while others can t be? 16

17 Chapter 8 Environment and Nartural Resources 1 & 2 Marks Question 1. What do you understand by UNEP? 2. What do you understand by Global North and Global South? 3. What were the outcomes of the Rio Summit? 4. What is resource geopolitics? 5. Define indigenous populations. 6. What is meant by global commons? How are they exploited and polluted? 7. What was Brundtland Report? 8. What is Kyoto protocol? 4 Marks Question 1. Cooperation over the global commons is not easy. Explain the statement. 2. What do you understand by common property resources? Explain stating an example 3. Describe the efforts stating the efforts made by the government of India to reduce greenhouse gas emission to have better environment. 4. What is meant by common but differentiated responsibilities? How could we implement the idea? 5 Marks questions Picture based 1. See the cartoon given below and answer the questions that follow:. 17

18 (i) What does the above picture show? (ii) Which is the most important resources in global strategy? (iii) Describe the importance of oil in resource geopolitics? Passage Based Question States shall cooperate in the spirit of global partnership to conserve, protect and restore the health and integrity of the Earth s ecosystem. In the view of the different contributions of global environment degradation, states have common but differentiated responsibilities. The developed countries acknowledge the responsibility that they bear in the environment pursuit of sustainable development in view of the pressures their societies place on the global environment and of the technological and financial resources they command i) In which declaration the above decision was taken? ii) What is sustainable development? 6 Marks Questions 1. Why have the issues related to global environment protection become the priority concern of states since the 1990s? 2. Compromise and accommodation are two essential policies required by states to save planet Earth. Substantiate the statement in the light of the ongoing negotiations between the North and South on environmental issues. 3. Describe the various declarations and conventions relating to common but differentiated responsibilities. 4. Diversity is an important trait of contemporary environment movements. Explain the statement 5. What methods were adopted by the industrialised countries during the Cold War to ensure a steady flow of resources? 6. The most serious challenge before the states is pursuing economic development without causing further damage to the global environment. How could we achieve this? Explain with a few examples. 18

19 Chapter 9 Globalisation 1 & 2 Marks Question 1. What are the causes of Globalisation? 2. Which are different manifestations of Globalisation? 3. Why has the globalization not led to a significant degree in the movement of the people across the globe? 4 Marks Question 1. What are the arguments of the advocate of Globalisation in its favour? 2. What is worldwide interconnectedness? What are its components? 3. Explain Globalisation. How technology contributed in promoting Globalisation? 4. Describe India s resistance to Globalisation. 5. What are the economic consequences of Globalisation? 6 Marks Questions 1. How far is it correct to say that Globalisation actually increases the activities of the state? 2. Describe the criticism of Globalisation that has been generated all over globe. 3. How has Globalisation impacted on India and how is India in turn impacting on Globalisation? 4. Do you agree with the argument that globalisation leads to cultural heterogeneity? 5. What are the economic implications of globalisation? How was globalisation impacted on India with regard to this particular dimension? 19

20 PART B POLITICS IN INDIA SINCE INDEPENDENCE Challenges of Nation Building Era of One-Party dominance Politics of Planned Development India s External Relations Challenges to the Congress System Crisis of the Democratic Order Rise of Popular Movements Regional Aspirations Recent developments in Indian Politics 20

21 Chapter 10 Challenges of Nation Building 1 & 2 Marks Questions 1. What were the circumstances when India attained its independence? 2. Which theory was behind the partition of India in 1947? 3. How the state boundaries were drawn during the colonial period? 4. Why did the leaders delay the formation of states on linguistic basic after independence? 5. What was the task of the state s Reorganization commission? What was its most salient recommendation? 4 Marks questions 1. Describe the outcomes of state Reorganisation commission appointed in Which events led to the formation of a separate Andhra. 3. Describe the difficulties that arose in the way of partition of India. 4. What was the approach of the government of India towards the Princely States immediately after the partition of India in 1947? 5. It is said that the nation is to large extent an imagined community held together by common beliefs, history, political aspirations and imaginations. Identify the features that make India a nation. 6. What were the reasons being used by Nehru for keeping India secular? Do you think these reasons were only ethical and sentimental? Or were there some prudential reasons as well? 5 Marks questions Picture based Q2 Pg See the picture given below and answer the questions that follow: 21

22 (i) What does this picture depict? (ii) What do you understand by communal zones? (iii) Which cities were divided into communal zone? Passage Based Question 1. In the history of nation building only the Soviet experiment bears comparison with the Indian. There too, a sense of unity had to be forged between many diverse groups, religious, linguistic communities and social classes. The scale- geographic as well as demographic- was comparably massive. The raw material the state had to work was equally unpropitious: a people divided by faith and driven by debt and disease. a) List the communalities that the author mentions between India and soviet Union and give example for each f these from India b) The author does not speak about dissimilarities between two experiments. Can you mention two dissimilarities? c) In retrospect which of these two experiments worked better and why? 2. Read the following statements made in Aug 1947: Today you have worn on your head a crown of thorns. The seat of power is a nasty thing. You have to remain ever wakeful on that seat.. you have to be more humble and forbearing. Now there will be no end to your being tested M.K Gandhi.. India will awake to a life of freedom we step out from the old to the new we end today a period of ill fortune and India discovers herself again. The achievement we celebrate today is but a step, an opening of opportunity Spell out the agenda of nation building that flows from these two statements. Which one appeals more to you and why? 22

23 Map questions 1. Take a current political map of India (showing outlines of states) and mark the location of the following Princely States: (a) Junagadh (b) Manipur (c) Mysore (d) Gwalior 2. Read the map and answer the following questions: (i) Name the original state from which the following states were carved out: Gujarat Haryana Meghalaya Chhattisgarh (ii) Name two states that were affected by the Partition of the country. (iii) Name two states today that were once a Union Territory. 6 Marks questions 1. What were reasons for accepting the demands for separate states on language basis? What were its effects? 2. Mention the Role of Sardar Patel towards India s integration. 3. Describe the consequences of Partition. 23

24 Chapter 11 Era of One-Party dominance 1 & 2 Marks Questions 1. Which party emerged the second largest party in the 1952 general elections and with how many seats? 2. Who formed the government in Kerela in 1957? What was the importance of that government? 3. Why was the general election in India considered unusual? 4. What id meant by one part dominance in Indian context? 5. What were the causes for the Congress dominance do in the state? What were their results? 4 Marks questions 1. Why general election in India considered a landmark in the history of democracy all over the over? 2. The extent of the victory of the congress in the first three general elections was artificially boosted by our electoral system. Do you agree with this statement? Justify your answer with examples. 3. Why the period of congress dominance has been described as the Congress System? 4. Describe the role played by the opposition in the early years after Independence. 5 Marks questions Picture based Q9 Pg-98 ; Q-3 Pg See the cartoon given below and answer the questions that follow: (i) Name any four leaders that have been shown in the cartoon. (ii) What is the main function o the Election Committee? (iii) What does the cartoonist want to show? 24

25 2. Study the map given below and answer the questions that follow: (i) Can you identify the places where the Congress had a strong presence? (ii) In which States, did the other parties perform reasonably well? (iii) Which party led the government of Democratic Left Front in Kerala? 3. See the cartoon given below and answer the questions that follow: 25

26 (i) What does the cartoonist want to show? (ii) Describe the role of opposition parties. Passage Based Question Patel, the organizational man of the congress; wanted to purge the congress of the political groups and sought to make of it a cohesive and disciplined political party. He. Sought to take the congress away from its all- embracing character and turn it into a close-kit party of disciplined cadres. Being a realistic, he looked more for discipline than for comprehension. While Gandhi took too romantic a view of carrying on the movement. Petal s idea of transforming the congress into strictly political party with a single ideology and tight showed an equal lack of understanding of the eclectic role than the congress, as a government, was to be called upon to perform in the decades to follow a) Why does the author think that congress should not have been a cohesive and disciplined party? b) Give some examples of the eclectic role of the congress party in the early years. c) Why does the author say that Gandhi s view about congress future was romantic? 6 Marks questions 1. Examine the main factors responsible for the rise and fall of the congress Party s dominance in India 2. How has the method of voting changed from the general elections of 1952 to the general elections of 2004? 3. What would you consider as the main difference between Mexico and India under one-party domination? 4. State the difference between i) Socialist parties and communist party ii) Bharatiya Jana Sangh and Swatantra Party 5. Did the prevalence of a one-party dominant system affect adversely the democratic nature of Indian politics? 26

27 Chapter 12 Politics of Planned Development 1 & 2 Marks Questions 1. What is plan policy? When and why was it taken by the government of India? 2. Who was PC Mahalanobis? 3. Why does the Central government insist on setting up of a industry in the state of Orissa? 4. Why did the tribal people in Orissa fear the setting up of industries? 5. What was Bombay Plan? 6. What are the functions of planning commission? 4 Marks questions 1. State the main arguments in the debate that ensured between industrialization and agricultural development at the time of Second Five Year Plan. 2. What is left and right ideology in politics? 3. How a five year plan is prepared? What is its advantage? 4. What was green revolution? Mention two positive and two negative consequences of the Green Revolution. 5 Marks questions Passage Based Question In the early years of Independence, two contradictory tendencies were already well advanced inside the congress party. On the one hand, the national party executive endorsed socialist principles of state ownership, regulation and control over key sectors of the economy in order to improve productivity and at liberal economic concentration. On the other hand, national Congress government pursued liberal economic and incentives to private investment that was justified in terms of the sole criterion of achieving maximum increase in production a) What is the contraction that the author is taking about? What would be the political implications of a contraction like this? b) If the author is correct, why is it that the congress as pursuing this policy? Was it related to the nature of the opposition parties? c) Was there also a contraction between the central leadership of the congress party and its state level leaders? 27

28 6 Marks questions 1. What was the major thrust of the five year plan? In what ways did the Second plan differ from the first one? India policy makers made a mistake by emphasising the role of state in the economy. India could have developed much better if private sector was allowed a free play right from the beginning. Give arguments for against this proposition. 2. What is mixed economy? Describe the ground on which it has been criticised. 3. Describe the results of early phase of planned development in India. 4. Why was the development strategy followed in the early years abandoned in later year? 28

29 Chapter 13 India s External Relations 1 & 2 Marks Questions 1. What was the main demand of Awami League that won elections in East Pakistan in 1970? 2. When was communist Party of India divided and which new party was formed? 3. What is panchsheel? When was it adopted and by whom? 4. Which concerns were reflected in India s foreign policy after independence? 5. What factors influence the foreign policy of a nation? 6. What was the policy of India at the Suez Canal crisis(1956) and USSR s invasion of Hungry (1956) 4 Marks questions 1. Describe the foreign policy adopted by the Janata Party government that came to power in 1977 and subsequent government. 2. How does political leadership of a nation affect its foreign policy? Explain this with the help of examples from India s foreign. 3. Write a short note on India s nuclear Policy. 4. The conduct of foreign affairs is an outcome of a two-way interaction between domestic compulsion and prevailing international climate. Take one example from India s external relations in 1960 s to substantiate your answer. 5. What was the policy of non-alignment? 5 Marks questions Passage Based Question Broadly, non-alignment means not tying yourself off with military blocs It means trying to view things, as far as possible, not from the military point of view, though that has to come in sometimes, but independently and trying to maintain friendly relations with all countries a) Why does Nehru want to keep off military blocs? b) Do you think that the Indo-Soviet friendship treaty violated the principle of non- alignment? Give reasons for your answer. c) If there were no military blocs, do you think non-alignment would have been unnecessary? 29

30 6 Marks questions 1. Describe the various stages in India-China relations from 1947 to Describe in brief the history of India s relations with Pakistan. 3. What were the effects of Chinese invasion in 1962 on India? 4. Describe the role played by India in maintaining Afro-Asian Unity. 5. India s foreign policy was built around the principles of peace and cooperation. But India fought three wars in a space of ten years between 1962 and Would you say that this was a failure of the foreign policy? Or would you say that this was a result of international situations? Give reasons to support of your answer. 30

31 Chapter 14 Challenges to the Congress System 1 & 2 Marks Questions 1. How was SVD government called in Punjab and which political parties were included in it? 2. What do you understand by the expression Aya Ram Gaya Ram? 3. What was Kamraj Plan? 4. What was Grand alliance during the 1971 elections? 5. What do you understand by After Nehru, who and After Nehru what? 4 Marks questions 1. Describe in brief how political transition took place after Nehru. 2. What does the term syndicate mean in the context of the congress party of the sixties? What role did the Syndicate play in the congress party? 3. What were the reasons for the defeat of the congress in What is meant by Privy purses? Why did Indira Gandhi insist on abolishing them in 1970? 5 Marks questions Picture based 1. Study the cartoon given below and answer the questions that follow: (i) Two which incident the above cartoon pertains? (ii) Who has been as winner in the cartoon? (iii) Who lost in the race? (iv) Who are the leaders that are standing around the winner? 31

32 Passage Based Question. Indira Gandhi changed the congress into highly centralized and undemocratic party organisation, from the earlier federal, democratic and ideological formation that Nehru had led But this could not have happened had not Indira Gandhi changed the entire nature of politics. This new, populist politics turned political ideology into a mere electoral discourse, use of various slogans not be translated into government policies During its great electoral victories in early 1970s amidst the celebration, the congress party as a political organisation dies. a) What according to the author is the difference between the strategies of Nehru and Indira Gandhi? b) Why does the author say that the congress party died in the seventies? c) In what way, did the change in the congress party affect other political parties also? 6 Marks questions 1. Describe the major changes that had taken place before the fourth general elections in Discuss the major issue which led to the formal split of the congress Party in How would a political party resolve its internal differences? Here are some suggestions. Think of each and list out their advantage and shortcomings. a) Follow the footsteps of the party president b) Listen to the majority group c) Secret ballot voting on every issues d) Consult the senior and experiences leader of the party 4. Analyse how the new policies and ideologies facilitated the restoration of the congress system. How far this restoration was the revival of the old congress? 32

33 Chapter 15 Crisis of the Democratic Order 1 & 2 Marks Questions 1. What were the main causes for students unrest in Gujarat and Bihar in 1974? 2. Mention the issues on which the campaign of Janata Party was focused in the general elections of What was the immediate cause for the declaration of emergency on 25 June 1975? 4. What is Article 352 of the Constitution of India? 5. What were the reasons for the congress s success in Maharashtra, Gujarat, Orissa and southern states? 4 Marks questions 1. On what grounds the critics of emergency justified the process and movements against the government in 1975? 2. Describe the changes took place in Indian politics between 1967 and Write a brief note on the students agitation in Bihar in What factors led to the declaration of internal emergency in India on June 25, 1975? 5 Marks questions Picture based 1. Look at the cartoon given below and answer the questions that follow: 33

34 (i) What has been shown in the cartoon? (ii) Which election was fought on the slogan of save democracy and by which political party? (iii) What do you understand by corruption, lawlessness and violence in the cartoon? Map Question 1. Read the map given below and answer the questions that follow: (i) Identify the States where Congress lost, (ii) Congress lost very badly and (iii) those States where Congress and its allies nearly swept the polls. (iv) In which States Congress was able to retain many seats? Passage Based Question Indian democracy was never so close to a two-party system as it was during the 1977 elections. However, the next few years saw a complete change. Soon after its defeat, the National Congress split into two groups. The Janata Party also went through major convulsions David Butler, Ashok Lahiri and Prannoy Roy a) What made the party system in India look like a two party system in 1977? 34

35 b) Many more than two parties existed in Why then are the authors describing this period as close to a two-party system? 6 Marks questions 1. What is Naxalite movement? Evaluate its role in Indian politics. 2. Asses the controversies relating to the declaration of emergency in 1975 in India. 3. What were the factors that led to popular protests before the 1975 Emergency? Which parties did organize the protests? 4. Discuss the effects of Emergency on the following aspects of our polity: a) Effects on civil liberties for citizens. b) Impact on relationship between the Executives and Judiciary. c) Functioning of Mass media. d) Working of the police and Bureaucracy. 35

36 Chapter 16 Rise of Popular Movements 1 & 2 Marks Questions 1. What issues did Dalit partners address? 2. What were the causes for the rise of noon-party movements? 3. When and where was the movement for Right to Information started? 4. What were the results of the Chipko movement? 5. What were non-party political formations? 4 Marks questions 1. Why did the Narmada BachaoAandolan oppose the dam projects in the Narmada Valley? 2. Do movement and protests in a country strengthen the democracy? Justify with examples. 3. What was SardarSarover project? What arguments have been given in its support? 4. Write a short note on party based popular movements 5 Marks questions Picture based 1. See the picture given below and answer the questions that follow: (i) What do you see in the picture? (ii) Why are women doing this? 36

37 2. See the picture given below and answer the questions that follow: (i) What does the above picture show? (ii) Describe the main features of the developmental project in the Narmada Valley. Passage Based Question Turning their back to the sun, they journeyed through centuries. Now, now we must refuse to be pilgrims of darkness. That one, our father, carrying, carrying the darkness is now bent; Now, now we must lift the burden from his back Our blood was spilled for this glorious city And what we got was the right to eat stones Now, now we must explode the building that kisses the sky! Now, now we must like sunflowers turn faces to the sun. 6 Marks questions 1. Identify the reasons which lead to the ChipkoMovement in UP in early 1970s. What was the impact of this movement? 2. Which methods were adopted by Narmada BachaoAandolan in support of its demands? What were its results? 37

38 Chapter 17 Regional Aspirations 1 & 2 Marks Questions 1. When was the Prime Minister Indira Gandhi assassinated and why? 2. What was the agreement between Rajiv Gandhi and AASU leaders? 3. What was the aim of the popular movement in J & k? Who started it? How were his relations with the Indian leaders? 4. Why did Prime Minister Manmohan Singh apologise to the nation on 11 Aug 2005 in RajyaSabha? 5. Even after the reorganisation of the State in 1966, the position of the akalis in the Punjab remained precarious. Why? 6. What were the causes for the delicate and complex nature of politics and demand in different states of the North-East region? Which issues have been raised by the people? 7. Why did Anandpur Sahib Resolution became controversial? 4 Marks questions 1. Describe the main features of the Indian approach to diversity. 2. Write a short note on the Dravidian movement. 3. Write a short note on the secessionist movement of Mizos in the North- East. 4. What were the main provisions of the Punjab accord? In what ay can they be the basis for further tensions between the Punjab and its neighboring States? 5 Marks questions Passage Based Question One of Hazarika s songs. Dwells on the unity theme; the seven states of north-eastern India become Seven sisters born of the same mother Meghalaya went own way Arunachal too separated and Mizoram appeared in Assam s gateway as a groom to marry another daughter. The song ends with a determination to keep the unity of the Assamese with other smaller nationalities that are left in the present in the present- day Assam- the Karbis and the Missing brothers and sisters are our dear ones a) Which unity is the poet talking about? b) Why were the states of North-East created out of the erstwhile state of Assam? c) Do you think that the same theme of unity could apply to all the regions of India? Why? 38

39 6 Marks questions 1. The entire region of North East region? Describe various activities of the people to achieve the demands. What were its results? 2. Regional demands from the different parts of India exemplify the principle of unity with diversity. Do you agree? Give reasons. 3. The Assam movement was a combination of cultural pride and economic backwardness. Explain. 4. Explain the internal divisions division of the state of Jammu and Kashmir? Which of these do you think are justifiable? Give reasons for your answer. 39

40 Chapter 18 Recent developments in Indian Politics 1 & 2 Marks Questions 1. What was congress system? 2. Which recommendation of the Mandal commission was decided to implement by the National Front government in 1990? 3. What is Ayodhya dispute? 4. What is BAMCEF? 4 Marks questions 1. Write a short note on Hindutva. 2. Write a short note on BahujanSamajh Party with special reference to its emergence as a major political player in UP. 3. What was Mandal commission? What were its recommendations? 4. In the new era of coalition politics, political parties are not aligning on the basis of ideology. What argument would you put forward or opposes this statement? 5 Marks questions Map question 1. Look at the map given below and answer the questions that follow: 40

41 (i) In 2004 elections how many seats were won by BJP and Congress? (ii) Which government came to power in 2004 and how? (iii) What was the difference of elections results with the earlier election results for the Congress? Passage Based Question These proceedings have the echo of the distances event that ended in the demolition on the 6th December, 1992 of the disputed structure of Ram JanamBhoomi-BabriMajid in ayodhya. Thousands of innocent lives of citizens were lost, extensive damage to property caused and more than all damage to the 41

42 image of this great land as one fostering great traditions of tolerance, faith, brotherhood, amongst the various communities inhabiting the land was impaired in the international scene. It is unhappy that a leader of a political party and the chief Minister has to be convicted of an offence of Contempt of court. But it has to be done to uphold the majesty of low. We convict him of the offense of contempt of court. Since the contempt raises larger issues which affect the very foundation of the secular fabric of our nation, we also sentence him to a token imprisonment of one day i) Who gave the above observations and when? ii) Who was the Chief Minister of UP and what promise was made by him? iii) What type of damage was caused to the image of India? iv) What sentence was given to the Chief Minister? 6 Marks questions 1. Which five developments took place towards the end of the decade of the eighties that made a long-lasting impact on politics in India? 2. Describe the emergence of coalition government in India. 3. Trace the emergence of BJP as a significance force in post- Emergency politics. 4. State the main issues in Indian politics in the period after What different configurations of political parties these differences lead to? 5. Inspite of the decline of congress dominance the congress party continues to influence politics in the country. Do you agree? Give reasons. 6. Many people think that a two-party system is required for successful democracy. Drawing from India s experience of last twenty years write an essay on what advantages the present party system in India. 42