AHLCON PUBLIC SCHOOL, MAYUR VIHAR, PH 1 ASSIGNMENT - 1 CLASS - XII POLITICAL SCIENCE (SESSION: ) CHAPTER 1 - THE COLD WAR ERA

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1 ASSIGNMENT - 1 CHAPTER 1 - THE COLD WAR ERA 1) What did the end of Cold War signify? 2) Name two super powers during the Cold War era. 3) Which movement proved to be a challenge to super powers? 4) Give full forms of: _NAM _NIEO _USSR _NATO _SEATO _CENTO _LDCs _UNCTAD _LTBT _NPT _SALT I _SALT II _START I _START II 5) Describe Cuban Missile Crisis. 6) Why were nuclear missiles placed in Cuba by USSR? 7) What was the reaction of U.S to the placing of missiles in Cuba by USSR? Why was it so? 8) What was the result of the Cuban Missile Crisis? How did the Cuban Missile Crisis end? 9) What was the significance of the Cuban Missile Crisis? Which event is considered as the high point of cold war? 10) What is the difference between a Cold War and a Hot War? 11) Describe Cold War situation after the Second World War. 12) Name the Allied and Axis powers during the Second World War. 13) Who won the Second World War? 14) Give the time duration of the First World War and the Second World War. 15) What was the result of the end of the Second World War? 16) How did the Second World War end? 17) What arguments were given for and against the dropping of atom bombs. By U.S over Japan? 18) How did the logic of deterrence work in the case of Cold War? Why did the Cold War remain cold not hot? 19) What were the main features of the Cold War? 20) Name the countries of Western and Eastern Alliances formed during, The Cold War. 21) When did the Western and the Eastern Alliances come into existence? 22) Give one example of a crack in the alliance system.

2 23) Why did the super powers need allies? 24) Why did the smaller states join the alliances? 25) What does arena of Cold War refer to? 26) Which were the main arenas of Cold War? 27) What factors contributed to the reduction of Cold War conflicts? 28) How did the Cold War lead to arms race? 29) What efforts were made to eliminate the arms race? 30) What came as a challenge to Bipolarity? 31) Name the five founders of NAM (leaders and countries). 32) When and where was the first NAM summit held? 33) What factors lead to the formation of NAM? 34) How many members were there in the first summit of NAM? 35) Explain the following statement: The policy of staying away from alliances should not be considered, Isolationism or neutrality 36) What do you mean by New International Economic Order? How did the idea of NIEO originate? 37) What economic reforms were suggested by UNCTAD report of 1972? 38) became an economic pressure group by 1970 s. 39) Why did NIEO fail by 1980 s? 40) What role has India played in the Cold War situation? 41) How did India s Non Aligned Policy help it? 42) On what grounds has India s Non Aligned Policy been criticized? 43) What do you think about the statement that NAM has become irrelevant? Today? Give reasons to support your opinion 44) Name the US President and the leader of the Soviet Union during the Cuban Missile Crisis. 45) Name the allied powers in the Second World War. 46) Name the Japanese cities on which the US dropped the atomic bombs. 47) US represents the ideology of... 48) Soviet Union represented the ideology of... 49) Cuban Missiles Crisis was on account of... placed in Cuba By... 50) Name two members of the western alliance. 51) Name two members of the eastern alliance. 52) Name two member of the communist bloc 53) Name two members of the capitalist bloc. 54) Name two members of NAM. 55) Name two members of NATO. 56) Name two members of SEATO. 57) Name two members of the Warsaw Pact. 58) Name any two members of CENTO. 59) Name any two treaties signed by the US and U.S.R which aimed at bringing about arms control

3 ASSIGNMENT - 2 CHAPTER - 2 THE END OF BIPOLARITY 1) Which three world events signify the end of Bipolarity? 2) What was the soviet system? 3) Why was the Soviet Union called a great power after the Second World War? 4) Why was Soviet Union system called authoritarian? 5) How did Gorbachev bring about disintegration of USSR? 6) Why were economic reforms necessary in USSR? 7) When did military coup take place in USSR? Who supported it? 8) Write a short note on the role of Boris Yeltsin. 9) What changes came in the Soviet system after the disintegration of the USSR? 10) Why did the Soviet Union disintegrate? 11) Name three Baltic States? 12) Who was the last leader of the Soviet Union? 13) Name two economic and political reform policies of Gorbachev. 14) When did the Soviet Union end? 15) Why were prosperous parts of the Soviet Union dissatisfied with it? 16) What were the consequences of Soviet disintegration on world politics? 17) What was known as shock - therapy in the Post Communist regimes? 18) What did the shock therapy involve? 19) What were the negative and positive consequences of Shock therapy? 20) What kind of tensions and conflicts are seen in the Post-Soviet era in a) Russia b) Central Asian Republics c) Eastern Europe 21) What kind of relations does India have with Post-Communist countries? 22) How can India get benefited by the Russian friendship? 23) How can Russia benefit due to India s friendship? 24) The soviet political system was based on which ideology? 25) Mention any three features that distinguish the soviet economy from that of a capitalist economy. 26) What was called as the largest garage sale in History? 27) Mention any two characteristics of the Soviet Political system. 28) Why did the Soviet system? become weak? 29) What was shock therapy? 30) What was Gorbachev s role in reforming the Communist Party? 31) "Rise of nationalism is considered to be the most important cause for dis-integration of U.S.S.R". Do you agree with this? 32) What is the difference between nationalism and secessionism? 33) Why did the Soviet Union collapse inspite of Gorbachev s accurate diagnosis of the problem? 34) How did the shock therapy adversely affect the Social structure? 35) Differentiate between Soviet Economy & the capitalist economy 36) What were the causes for the disintegration of the Soviet system? 37) What were the consequences of the disintegration of Soviet Union on world politics? 38) Discuss India s relations with Russia. 39) Discuss lndia s relations with former U.S.S.R.

4 ASSIGNMENT - 3 CHAPTER 3 - U.S HEGEMONY IN WLD POLITICS 1) Which type of U.S Hegemony effected Ayesha, Jabu and Andrei? 2) Which events marked the beginning of the New World Order? 3) When did U.S Hegemony begin? 4) Explain the events associated with the First Gulf War. 5) Why did U.S launch Operation Desert Storm? 6) How did the First Gulf War help U.S to establish its Hegemony in the world affairs? 7) Which years are called Clinton Years? 8) What was the foreign policy of U.S during Clinton Years? How was it different from Gorge H.W. Bush s time? 9) When did U.S show its military power during Clinton Years? 10) Why did President Clinton order Operation Infinite Reach? 11) Why did U.S launch Global War Terror? 12) What happened on 11th September 2001? 13) When did U.S launch Operation Enduring Freedom? 14) Why did U.S invade Iraq on 19th March, 2003? Why is this invasion termed as military and political failure on the part of U.S? 15) What does Hegemony mean? 16) What is the meaning of Unipolar System? 17) Explain three kinds of U.S Hegemony with the help of examples. 18) What are the constraints on American Power? 19) Evaluate India s changing relationship with the U.S. 20) What are the three possible strategies of Indo-U.S relations suggested by the three schools of thought? 21) What are the three possible ways of overcoming U.S Hegemony? 22) What is Band Wagon Strategy? 23) What do you mean by Hide Strategy to overcome U.S Hegemony? 24) How can non-state actors help in overcoming U.S Hegemony? 25) How is U.S dominance since the Cold War different from its position as a Super Power? 26) Briefly explain the objective of the following: a) Operation Desert storm b) Operation Infinite Reich c) Global War of Terror 27) How North Atlantic Treaty organization is able to moderate the exercise of US hegemony? 28) Define Hegemony. Explain the three nations of hegemony. 29) American military dominance today is both absolute and relative. Comment 30) How did the first Gulf War reveal the technological gap between the US and the other states? 31) "Operation Desert storm though a UN operation was overwhelmingly American. 32) "Operation Enduring freedom was a war on terror. Comment. 33) The Iraq invasion created a deep humanitarian crisis in Iraq & deep politics in the international system comment. 34) What is bandwagon Strategy? 35) "lf big and resourceful states cannot resist the US hegemony it is unrealistic to expect much smaller and weaker non state actors to offer any resistance. Examine the statement and give your opinion. Q.36 "The pre dominance of the US in the world today is based on its military power, economic power and on its cultural presence". Comment. Q. 37 Critically analyse lndia s relationship with the US after the cold war era. What type of relationship do you think India wants with US in this phase of Global hegemony? Q.38 Explain the most important constraint on the exercise of American power today.

5 ASSIGNMENT - 4 CHAPTER 4 - ALTERNATIVE CENTERS OF POWER 1) Write the full forms of: EU, ASEAN, OEEC, and UNSC. 2) When were the following found: OEEC, The Council of Europe, and European? Economic Committee,European Union. 3) What are the aims of European Union? Why was European Union Formed? 4) What are the features of European Union? 5) Which factors brought about the formation of European Union? 6) How does EU exercise its economic, political, diplomatic and military Influence? 7) Name the currency of EU. 8) Why was ASEAN formed? 9) When was ASEAN formed? Which development lead to the creation of ASEAN? 10) Name the five founding member countries of ASEAN. 11) What do you know about Bangkok Declaration? 12) What were the objectives of ASEAN? 13) What is the present membership of ASEAN? 14) Name the five new members of ASEAN. 15) What is the term ASEAN way used for? 16) How is ASEAN different from EU? 17) How has broadened its objectives in 2003? 18) Name the three communities established by ASEAN. 19) What is the full form of ARF? 20) When was ARF formed? What work does it carry out? 21) What is FTA? 22) What is the ASEAN vision 2020? 23) Explain India s relationship with ASEAN countries. 24) With which two ASEAN countries has India signed FTAs? 25) Why is ASEAN primarily considered as economic association? 26) What work has been done by ASEAN Security Community? 27) What factors make China a strong economic power? 28) Which model of economy was adopted by China in 1949? 29) What were the benefits and shortcomings of the model? 30) Which major policy decisions were taken by Chinese leadership in the 1970 s? 31) What were the new economic policies adopted by China in 70 s, 80 s, And 90 s? 32) What has been the effect of new economic policies adopted by China? 33) What are the limitations of Chinese economic reforms? In what areas have Chinese economic reforms failed? 34) Why is it said that Regionally and Globally, China has become an Economic power to reckon with? 35) Identify the three issues of conflict between China and India. 36) Explain the role of emerging alternative centers of power in transforming the different countries into prosperous economies. 37) Why do India and China both view themselves as rising powers in global politics in spite of tension between them? 38) Explain the positive developments in Indo Chinese relations after 1976.

6 ASSIGNMENT -5 ASSIGNMENT- 5 TOPIC CONTEMPARY SOUTH ASIA 1) What factors make South Asia a turbulent region? 2) What is South Asia? Name the countries. 3) What factors contribute to the distinctiveness of the South Asian sub continent? 4) What is the nature of political systems of the South Asian countries Democratic or Non Democratic? 5) What is the attitude of South Asian people towards democracy? 6) What role has been played by military in Pakistan? 7) What factors have contributed to Pakistan s failure in building a stable democracy? 8) Bangladesh belonged to which country earlier? What was it made of? 9) Why did the people of Bangladesh want freedom? 10) What are the three principles of Bangladesh constitution? 11) Why was Sheikh Mujib killed? 12) Explain Bangladesh s struggle for democracy after its creation. 13) In which years was Bangladesh a part of Pakistan? 14) Name the political parties of the following: a) Sheikh Mujib-ur Rehman b) Ziaur Rehman 15) Name the Bangladesh military ruler who was made to step down in ) Explain the struggle for democracy in Nepal. 17) What is termed as triangular conflict in Nepal s struggle for democracy? 18) What happened in April 2006 in Nepal. 19) Why was LTTE formed in Sri Lanka? Explain the ethnic conflict of Sri Lanka. 20) What is the full form of LTTE? 21) Which Scandinavian countries tried to mediate in Sri Lanka? 22) What are the causes of conflict between India and Pakistan? 23) How have India and Pakistan solved their problem of sharing of river waters? 24) What are the areas of conflict between India and Bangladesh? 25) How have India and Bangladesh cooperated? 26) Why is it said that India and Nepal share a special relationship? 27) What are the areas of dispute between India and Nepal? 28) Explain the causes of conflict and efforts of cooperation between India and Sri Lanka. 29) Explain India s friendly relations with Bhutan and Maldives. 30) What are the full forms of SAARC and SAFTA? 31) Why was SAARC formed? 32) Why was SAFTA signed? 33) Does India try to dominate South Asian region? Give your views about this impression of India s neighbours.

7 ASSIGNMENT -6 CHAPTER 6 -INTERNATIONAL GANIZATIONS 1) When was United Nations Organizations referred to as UN? 2) Why are international organizations formed? 3) Why was UN formed? 4) What is the full form of IMF? 5) What work is performed by IMF? 6) When was UN founded? Which day is celebrated as UN day? 7) When did India join the UN? 8) Which international organization was formed after the First World War? Why did it fail? 9) How many original members were there in UN? 10) How many members did UN have in 2006? 11) Who is the head of UN? Name the post, the present head and his Country. 12) Give full forms of the following UN agencies: a) WHO b) UNDP c) UNHRC d) UNHCR e) UNICEF f) UNESCO 13) What are the two basic kinds of reforms needed in UN? 14) What kind of reforms are needed in UN structures and processes? 15) How has the world seen change after the cold war? 16) Why are reforms needed in UN Security Council? What did UN General Assembly Resolution of 1992 say about the reform of UN Security Council? 17) What new criteria have been suggested for being a member of Security Council? What are the problems in these criteria? 18) Write short notes on the following: a) World Bank b) WTO c) IAEA d) Amnesty International 19) What is the nature of the present membership of UN Security Council? 20) What is the VETO power? 21) What can be the effects of abolition or modification of VETO power? 22) What steps were suggested in September 2005 to make UN more effective? 23) Why does India want restructuring of UN? 24) When was UN Security Council membership expanded? How much was the expansion? 25) What arguments are given by India in favour of a permanent seat in Security Council? What are India s claims to a permanent seat in Security Council? 26) How will permanent membership of Security Council help India? 27) Why do countries question permanent membership of India in UN? Why is it not easy for India to be a permanent member of the Security Council? 28) Why is US dominating UN? Why is US exercising considerable influence over UN? 29) In spite of the US dominance, why is UN considered useful? Explain the statement: The UN is an imperfect body, but without it the World would be worseoff.

8 ASSIGNMENT - 7 CHAPTER 7 - SECURITY IN THE CONTEMPARY WLD Very Short Answer Type Questions (Answer the following questions in one word or one line) 1. Define security? 2. What are core values of a country? 3. Name the traditional notions of security. 4. Give any one option of government in case of a threat to war. 5. What is Deterrence? 6. What is defence? 7. What is balance of power? 8. Give any one example of terrorist attack on US. 9. What is alliance building? 10. What is internal security? 11. Name any one threat from internal security. 12. Give any one form of traditional cooperation on security. 13. What is Referent? 14. Mention two notions of none traditional security. 15. What is CBM? 16. Name any one Arms control treaty. 17. Name any two sources of threats. 18. Name any two human rights. 19. What is migration? 20. Name any two health epidemics. 21. What is cooperative security? 22. Name any one measure used by India to strengthen its security. Very Short Answer Type Questions 1. What is security? 2. What is external security? 3. What is internal security? 4. What is disarmament? 5. Mention the efforts towards arms control. 6. What are CBMs? 7. What is human security? 8. Define global security? 9. What are the various new threats to security? 10. How is terrorism a security threat? ` 11. How are human rights a threat to security? 12. How does global poverty affect security? 13. How does migration affect security? 14. Are health epidemics a cause of security concern? 15. What is Cooperative Security? Short Answer Type Questions 1. Differentiate between Traditional and None traditional Security. 2. How are threats the posed by the third world countries different from those of developed states? 3. Is terrorism a traditional or none traditional threat to security? 4. What are the choices available to a state when its traditional security perspective is threatened? 5. What is Balance of Power? How could a nation achieve it? 6. Ls environmental degradation a threat to security? Explain. ` 7. What is a military alliance? Explain with examples. 8. How do nuclear weapons act as deterrence for security? Explain. Long Answer Type Questions 1. What is security? What are the internal and external aspects of traditional concept of security? 2. How is cooperation possible in traditional security? 3. What is the Non-traditional concept of security? Explain. 4. Examine the new sources of threat in contemporary world politics. 5. What is Cooperative Security? When is use of force justified? 6. What are the security concerns of India? What are its traditional and non-traditional forms? Substantiate your answer with examples.

9 ASSIGNMENT - 8 CHAPTER 8 -ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES 1) What are the reasons for growing concerns about the environment? 2) Name the book published by The Club of Rome. What is it about? 3) What is the full form of UNEP? What efforts have been made by this? program towards environment issues? 4) What is the other name for UN conference on Environment and Development held in Rio in1992? 5) Who all attended Rio Summit/ Earth Summit of 1992? 6) What did Brundtland Report of 1987 warn about? 7) What were the outcomes of Rio Summit? 8) What do the terms Global North and Global South refer to? 9) What is Agenda 21? 10) What are Global Commons? 11) How are Global Commons exploited and polluted? 12) List some agreements about the protection of Global Commons. 13) What is meant by common but differentiated responsibilities? How can we implement the idea? 14) What is the full form of UNFCCC? What does UNFCCC talk about? 15) What is Kyoto Protocol? When was it signed? 16) Which countries were exempted from the requirements of Kyoto Protocol? Why? 17) Why was Kyoto Protocol criticized? 18) What are Common Property Resources? Give examples too. 19) What are the causes behind the reduced size of common property resources? 20) What is India s stand on environmental issues? 21) When did India sign Kyoto Protocol? 22) What efforts have been made by Indian government to improve environment? 23) What is the outcome of India s review of the Earth Summit? 24) What is India s appeal to SAARC nations about environment issues? 25) Give examples of environment movements. 26) Why is oil an important resource in global strategy? 27) Why is water a cause of dispute among nations? 28) Define indigenous population. 29) Give examples of indigenous people from India. How have they been affected due to development?

10 ASSIGNMENT - 9 CHAPTER 9 - GLOBALIZATION 1) What do the examples of Janardhan, Ramdhari and Sarika say about the concept of Globalization? 2) Define Globalization. 3) Give any five examples of Globalization from real life. 4) What are the causes of Globalization? 5) How far is it correct to say that Globalization shall result in the erosion of state sovereignty? How does Globalization effect traditional conceptions of state sovereignty? Explain all the three aspects. 6) What are the economic consequences of Globalization? 7) Explain four forms of economic flows. 8) How has Globalization adversely affected the economy of the world? (Positively as well as negatively). 9) What suggestions are given to overcome economic ruin due to Globalization? 10) Why is Economic Globalization called as Recolonization of the world? 11) What are the cultural consequences of Globalization? (Positive as well as negative). 12) Give your views on the statement: Globalization leads to cultural Homogenization. 13) What was India s attitude towards Globalization before and after 1991? 14) What attempts have been made worldwide to resist Globalization? 15) What has been India s experience in resisting Globalization?

11 ASSIGNMENT - 1 CHAPTER 1 -CHALLENGES OF NATION BUILDING 1) Fill in the blanks: a) India gained independence on. b) was the first prime minister of India. c) The famous speech of Jawaharlal Nehru is known as. d) Freedom came with the of India. e) India became a republic on. 2) Explain the three challenges faced by independent India. 3) What were the two goals set to be achieved by independent India? 4) Which party gave the two nation theory? What was it? 5) What principle was followed while partitioning India? What was the basis of India s Partition? 6) What kind of difficulties were involved in the process of partition? 7) What were the consequences of partition? 8) Why did the idea of a secular nation emerge in India? 9) What was Mahatma Gandhi s sacrifice for India? 10) How was the British India divided before independence? 11) How many princely states were there before independence? 12) What was the response of the following three princely states to the Question of joining India after independence: a) Travancore b) Hyderabad c) Bhopal 13) Why was the integration of princely states a problem for India? 14) Who was the deputy prime minister and the first home minister of Independent India? How did he solve the problem of integration of Princely states? 15) What three considerations guided the government s approach to the princely states? 16) Fill in the blanks: a) The document signed by the rulers of princely states while becoming a part of the union of India was called. b) Four Indian princely states which posed difficulties were,, & c) The issue of was resolved after a plebiscite. d) There were small states in today s Orissa. e) Saurashtra region of Gujrat had big states and small states. f) signed a Standstill Agreement with India in November ) How did Hyderabad and Manipur become a part of India? 18) What is reorganization of states? 19) What considerations had to be kept in mind while reorganizing states? 20) On what principle was reorganization of Indian states done? 21) Why were some people against the linguistic division? 22) Explain Vishalandhra Movement. 23) When was separate Andhra state formed? 24) When was States Reorganization Commission appointed? Why was it appointed? 25) What was the report of States Reorganization Commission? 26) When was States Reorganization Act passed? What was it? 27) How has the formation of linguistic states helped India?

12 ASSIGNMENT - 2 CHAPTER 2 -ERA OF ONE PARTY DOMINANCE 1) Fill in the blanks: a) Indian constitution was signed on. b) Indian constitution came into effect on. c) The Election Commission of India was set up in. d) became the first chief election commissioner. e) In the year the entire country used EVMs. f) Congress party won out of seats in the first Lok Sabha. g) party came second in the first Lok Sabha elections by winning seats. h) In the state assembly elections of 1957 Congress did not get majority in. i) party came to power through democratic elections for the first time in the world. 2) Why was it not easy for the Election Commission to hold a free and fair election after India s independence? 3) When were the first general elections held in India? 4) Explain how the general election of 1952 became a landmark in the history of democracy all over the world? 5) Which party dominated the first three general elections and why? 6) Which other elections were held with Lok Sabha elections? 7) When did the second and the third general elections take place in India? 8) How did Congress misuse constitutional emergency powers in the case of Communist victory in Kerela? 9) Write short notes on the following: a) Socialist party b) CPI c) Bharatiya Jansangh d) Swatantra party 10) What was the nature of Congress dominance in the first three general elections? How was it different from one party dominance in other countries? 11) Why was Congress considered a social and ideological coalition? 12) How did the coalition like character of the congress give its strength? 13) How did factionalism give strength to Congress? 14) What is the role of opposition in Indian politics? 15) Why is the first phase of democratic politics in India quite unique?

13 ASSIGNMENT - 3 CHAPTER 3 - POLITICS OF PLANNED DEVELOPMENT 1) What were the major differences in the approach towards development at the time of independence? Has the debate been resolved? 2) Which two models of modern development were present before India at the time of independence? Which model did India adopt? 3) What is the meaning of mixed economy? 4) What kind of consensus about development emerged in India? 5) Which world developments influenced India s idea of planning? 6) What was Bombay Plan? Who framed it? When? 7) Who is the chairman of Planning Commission? 8) How are Five Year Plans prepared? What is their advantage? 9) How did the idea of Planning Commission evolve? 10) What was the time duration of the first Five Year Plan? Who was its chief architect? 11) What was the major thrust of the first Five Year plan? In which ways did the second plan differ from the first one? 12) When were the Second and the Third Five Year plans initiated? 13) Why was the Third Five Year plan criticized? 14) State the main arguments in the debate that ensued between industrialization and agricultural development at the time of the Second Five Year plan? 15) On what grounds was the Mixed economy criticized? 16) Give arguments for and against the public as well as private sector. 17) Assess the major outcomes of planned development. 18) How did planned development strengthen or lay the foundations of future economic growth of India? 19) Give examples of a few land reforms initiated by the government. 20) Why did land reforms fail to be effective? 21) What was the Green Revolution? Mention two positive and two negative consequences of the Green Revolution. 22) What kind of policy shift was witnessed by India from the end of 1960 s? Why the state led economic development did not last forever? 23) When was the Planning Commission set up? 24) What role does Planning Commission play? 25) Why did Orissa villagers protest against POSCO plant? 26) How did the following respond when the state govt. signed a MoU with domestic and international steel makers: a) Tribal districts/tribal population b) Environmentalists 27) Why did Orissa govt. sign an MOU? 28) Why is the final decision on development taken by politicians? 29) Name the chief architects of me and II Five year plans.

14 ASSIGNMENT - 4 CHAPTER 4 - INDIA S EXTERNAL RELATIONS 1. What was the international situation during India s independence? 2. What is the aim of India s foreign policy? 3. Which provisions of the Indian constitution contain the aim of India s foreign policy? 4. Why was the policy of non-alignment adopted by India? 5. Why was Nehru s role in the formulation of India s foreign policy? 6. What were the three main objectives of Nehru s foreign policy? 7. Which parties group and individuals wanted pro US foreign policy? 8. What were the main features of India s foreign policy? 9. What was India s reaction to the following two situations? (a) Britain attack on Egypt. (b)ussr s attack on Hungary. 10. What was the reason behind unease between India and US relation during 1950 s? 11. What was the India s contribution to bring about afro Asian unity? 12. What kind of relationship did India have with china in the initial years of its independence? 13. How has Tibet caused tension between India and china? 14. What is the boundary dispute between India and china? 15. What was the reason behind Chinese invasion of 1962? 16. How did Chinese invasion of 1962 affect India s internally and externally? 17. Name India s defense minister during Chinese invasion on India? 18. How did Sino- Indian conflict affect Indian opposition with respect to CPI? 19. Which north eastern state got statehood after Sino- Indian war? 20. What were the causes behind indo- Pak conflicts? 21. How has India solved its river water sharing problem with Pakistan? 22. Describe 1965 indo-pak conflict and its effects? 23. Describe Bangladesh war of 1971? 24. How did India s conflict with its neighbours affect its five years plans? 25. Describe India s nuclear policy? Write a short note on India s nuclear policy?

15 ASSIGNMENT - 5 CHAPTER 5 - CHALLENGES TO AND RESTATION OF CONGRESS SYSTEM. 1. Why is 1960 s called a dangerous decade in the political history of India? 2. Who succeeded Nehru s as the prime minister of India? 3. Who was the congress president when Nehru passed away? 4. For which duration did Shastri remain the prime minister of India? 5. What were the two challenges faced by Shastri? 6. What happened at Tashkent? 7. How did Indira Gandhi manage to succeed Shastri? 8. Why did Indira Gandhi face problems in the initial years? 9. Why did congress get less seats in 1967 elections? Or What kinds of challenges were faced by congress in 1967? Or What was the context/circumstance preceding 1967 election? 10. What do you mean by non congressism? 11. Why were 1967 elections describe as political earthquake by many? 12. Name the political stalwarts of congress who lost 1967 elections? 13. Name two northern and two southern states were congress lost assembly polls of 1967? 14. Name the state where a non congress party secured a majority of its own in 1967? Name the party also? 15. Explain the statement the elections of 1967 brought into picture the phenomenon of coalition? 16. What is defection? 17. Explain the expression aya ram, gaya ram? 18. What do you mean by the following terms- (a) (b) Syndicate Grand Alliance 19. Which two challenges were faced by Indira Gandhi after the defeat of congress in 1967 elections? 20. What strategy did congress adopt to meet the challenges after the defeat of 1967 elections? 21. How did the presidential elections of 1969 cause split in the congress? 22. What formalised the split of congress? 23. Which two parties emerged after the congress split in 1969? 24. Who found grand alliance? 25. Who gave the following slogans- (a) (b) Garibi Hatao Indira Hatao 26. Why is it said that the grand alliance of the opposition proved a grand failure in 1971?

16 ASSIGNMENT -6 CHAPTER 6 THE CRISIS OF DEMOCRATIC DER 1. What changes took place in Indian politics between ? 2. What was the socio-economic content of emergency? Or What were the socio economic conditions of India during the years preceeding emergency? 3. Explain the students movements in Gujarat and Bihar in 1974? 4. What was role played by Jayaprakash narayan in the students movement of Bihar? 5. How did Jayaprakash movement influence national politics? 6. Who were naxalites? 7. Who was the leader of the naxalbhari movement? 8. Why were JP agitations criticised by Indira Gandhi? 9. Which constitutional issues emerged as a result of conflict between parliament and judiciary in part 1970 s? 10. What decision was given by Supreme Court in keshvananda bharti case? 11. Why was the appointment of justice A N Ray politically controversial? 12. Why was 1971 Lok Sabha elections of Indira Gandhi challenged and by whom? 13. What was judgment of Allahabad high court? 14. What action of JP forced Indira Gandhi to impose emergency? 15. What was the result of Allahabad high court judgment? How did government deal with it? 16. What was emergency declared? Why? 17. Which article of Indian constitution was used to invoke emergency? 18. Why is an emergency described as an extraordinary condition? Or What is the effect of an emergency situation? Or What are the two immediate effects of declaration of an emergency? 19. What were the consequences of declaration of an emergency? 20. How did Supreme court support government during emergency? 21. How did the government misuse the provision of preventive detention during emergency? 22. Which was the most controversial judgement of Supreme court during emergency? 23. Give example of a few acts of dissent and resistance to emergency? 24. What changes were made in the constitution due to the Amendment Act? 25. Which commission of inquiry was set up by Janata party government after emergency? What were its recommendations? 26. When did Janta party form government? 27. How did CPI support emergency? 28. Why was emergency crititsed? 29. What justifications were given by the government for imposition of emergency? 30. What was 20 point programme of Mrs. Gandhi? 31. Why were middle classes happy during the initial years of emergency? 32. What kinds of excesses were made during emergency? 33. What lessons have been drawn from emergency? 34. When was emergency lifted? 35. What factors helped Janata party to form government? 36. What was the outcome of Lok Sabha election in 1977? 37. What were the weaknesses of Janata party government? 38. What was the lesson of experience of Janata party rule? 39. Why is the emergency and the period around it describe as a period of constitutional crisis? 40. In what way did the imposition of emergency affect the party system in India? Elaborate your answer with example?

17 ASSIGNMENT - 7 CHAPTER 7 - RISE OF POULAR MOVEMENTS Objective Questions 1. Which of these statements are incorrect about the Chipko Movement? (a) Was an environmental movement to prevent cutting down of trees. (b) Raised questions of ecological and economic exploitation. (c) Was a movement against alcoholism started by the women? (d) Demanded that local communities should have control over their natural resources. 2. Some of the statements gives below are incorrect. Identify the incorrect statements and rewrite those with necessary correction: (a) Social movements are hampering the functioning of lndia s democracy. (b) The main strength of social movements lies in their mass base across social sections. (d) Social movements in India emerged because there were many issues that political parties did not address. Very Very Short Answer Questions (Answer in One Word or One Line) 1. What is NBA? 2. Why did NBA protest? 3. What is Chipko Movement? 4. What was the demand of Chipko movement? 5. What is Anti arrack movement? 6. Why was Anti arrack movement launched? 7. What is RTI? 8. Why was fish movements organised in the South India? 9. Name the activities for which women are fighting. Very Short Answer Questions 1. What is Chipko Movement? 2. Why have popular movements failed in India? 3. Why is there no link between pressure groups and political parties in India? 4. What are the demands of NBA? Short Answer Questions (100 words each) 1. Write short notes: (a) Chipko Movement (b) Party-based Movement (c) Non party Movement (d) Dalit Panthers (e) Features of BKU (f) NPP (g) Anti arrack Movement (h) NBA (i) Lessons from popular movements. 2. Describe the limitations of popular movements. 3. How far have popular movements been successful? Long Answer Type Questions 1. Identify the reasons which led to the Chipko Movement in UP in early 1970s. What was the impact of this movement? 2. The Bhartiya Kisan Union is a leading organisation highlighting the plight of farmers. What were the issues addressed by it in the nineties and to what extent were they successful? 3. The anti arrack movement in Andhra Pradesh drew the attention of the country to some serious issues. What were these issues? 4. Would you consider the anti-arrack movement as a women s movement? Why? 5. Why did the Narmada Bachao Andolan oppose the dam projects in the Narmada Valley?

18 ASSIGNMENT - 8 CHAPTER 8 REGIONAL ASPIRATIONS Very Very Short Answer Questions (Answer the following questions in one word or one sentence) 1. What is regional aspiration? 2. What is Indian approach to regional aspiration? ~ 3. What was the dispute between India and Pakistan in the first year of Independence? 4. Who signed the instrument of accession of Kashmir to India? 5. Who was called Sher-e-Kashmir? 6. Who is Periyar? 7. What was DK movement? 8. What was Azad Kashmir? 9. What is Article 370? What is the demand of people in Kashmir? 11. What is the main reason for insurgency in Kashmir? 12. What is Akali Dal? 13. What was the demand of Akalis in 1960s? 14. Who was Master Tara Singh? 15. What was Anandpur Saheb resolution? 16. What was operation Blue-Star? 17. What is described as anti-sikh riots? 18. What is Punjab accord? 19. What was the other name of Punjab accord? 20. What are the names of the seven states of North East India? 21. Name any one secessionist organisation in North East. 22. What was the agreement on Mizoram? 23. What is the movement against outsiders in Assam? 24. Who is A.Z. Phizo? 25. What is AASU? 26. How did Sikkim merge in India? 27. Name any one lesson learnt from demands of regional aspirations. 28. How did Goa merge with India? Very Short Answer Questions. 1. What is Indian approach on regional aspirations? 2. Explain any two areas where demands for regional aspiration have been made. 3. Describe the composition of the Kashmir state. 4. What is the special status of Kashmir under Article 370? 5. Write a short note on Sheikh Abdullah. 6. What were the aims of Dravidian movement? 7. How has the politics of Kashmir been affected since 1948? 8. Write a short note on insurgency in Kashmir. 9. What was the Anandpur resolution? 10. Why was Indira Gandhi assassinated? 11. Describe the insurgence movement in Punjab. 12. What was the Rajiv-Longowal Accord? 13. Describe the states of seven-sisters North-East India. 14. How have demands for autonomy been fulfilled in India? 15. Describe the secessionist movement in North East. 16. What have been the movements against outsiders in Northeast India? 17. How was the process of Sikkim s merger with India completed? 18. Describe the procedure for accommodation and national integration in India. 19. How was Goa liberated? Short Answer Questions ` 1. Write a note on Longowal Accord.

19 2. What was the crisis in Punjab? How was it resolved? 3. How was internal and external disputes resolved in Punjab? 4. What was D.K. movement? 5. How was Goa Liberated? 6. How did Sikkim merge with lndia? 7. What were problems of national integration face by India? 8. Write a note on operation Blue-Star. 9. Describe the separatist movement in Kashmir. 10. Why is there a movement against outsiders in Assam? 11. Write a report on politics in Kashmir after What were anti-sikh riots? 13. What was the secessionist movement in Mizoram? 14. What were the key areas of tension after 1947? Long Answer Questions 1. What were the main provisions of the Punjab accord? In what way can- they be the basis for further tensions between the Punjab and its neighbouring States? 2. Why did the Anandpur Sahib Resolution become controversial? 3. Explain the internal divisions of the State of Jammu and Kashmir and describe how these lead to multiple regional aspirations in that State. 4. What are the various positions on the issue of regional autonomy for Kashmir? Which of these do you think are justifiable? Give reasons for your answer. 5. The Assam movement was a combination of cultural pride and economic backwardness. Explain. 6. All regional movements need not lead to separatist demands. Explain by giving examples from this chapter. 7. Regional demands from different parts of India exemplify the principle of unity with diversity. Do you agree? Give reasons. 8. Describe the problems which cropped up after Independence. 9. What was the status of J& K after Independence? What has been the external and internal disputes related to it? How did it lead to insurgency? Give effects. 10. What was the Dravidian movement? What were its fallouts? 11. How did Punjab crisis generate into liberation movement? What is the situation at present? 12. Describe the political turmoil which has prevailed in North-East India. 13. What are the lessons on accommodation and national integration? Elucidate.

20 ASSIGNMENT - 9 CHAPTER 9 - RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN INDIAN POLITICS Very Very Short Answer Questions, (Answer the following Questions in one Word or One Sentence.) 1. What was the event in 1984 which brought Rajiv Gandhi to Power? 2. When did Congressism end? 3. What was Mandalisation? 4. Who induced NEP? 5. Name the rightist forces which emerged in India? 6. What is coalition politics? 7. When was lndia s first coalition formed? 8. What do you mean by participatory upsurge in 1990 s? 9. Give one reason as to why Congress declined in 1990 s? 10. Give any one problem of coalition politics. 11. Name any one experiment of coalition in India. 12. Which was the most successful coalition experiment in India? 13. Give one change which has come due to coalition era in Indian politics. 14. What was the most recommendation of Mandal Commission? 15. Why did NF experiment fail? 16. Name the leader who led Dalit emancipation 1980 s and 1990 s. 17. Which party led to Dalit resurgence in Indian politics? 18. What is communalism? 19. What was the decision in Shah Bano case? 20. What is Ayodhya dispute? 21. What was the result of Ayodhya crisis? 22. What was the main reason for Gujarat riots? 23. Name anyone consensus of coalition politics. Very Short Answer Questions 1. What is coalition politics? 2. When was BIP formed? 3. Was the experiment of Janata Party successful? 4. What was the feature of UF government? 5. What was the most important feature of NDA? 6. What were the factors leading to fall of NDA? 7. What were the factors leading to victory of UPA is 2004? 8. What is NDA? 9. What is UPA? 10. What do you mean by end of Congressism? 11. What do you mean by Mandalisatiion Indian Politics? What do you mean by New Economic Reforms? 13. What do you mean by rise of rightist forces in Indian politics?

21 14. How did Congress system change in 1990 s? 15. Write a short note on Ayodhya riots. 16. Write a short note on Gujarat riots. Short Answer Questions 1. Explain the concept of coalition politics. 2. Examine the participatory upsurge in 1990's. 3. Describe the evolution of Janata Dal as a political party. 4. Describe the rise of BJP as a political party. 5. Describe the rise of UF as a coalition government. 6. What factors led to rise of NDA? What brought its downfall? 7. What were the results of 2004 elections? 8. Describe the challenges posed to Indian democracy in 1990's. 9. Write a short note on changes affected after 1989 elections. 10. Write a short note on Ayodhya riots. 11. What was the communal riots in Gujarat? 12. What were the recommendations of Mandal Commission Report? 13. What were the political fallouts of Mandal Commission Report? 14. How did Dalit politics resurge in India? 15. What was the shah Bano case? 16. What are the broad consensus among political parties after 1990 s? Long Answer Questions 1. What is coalition politics? Describe the participatory upsurge in 1990 s. 2. Describe the rise of JD as a political party. 3. Examine the evolution of BJP as a major political force in Indian politics. 4. Describe the working of UF government. 5. Examine the working of NDA government.