Golubchuk V. PROSPECTS FOR THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL MODEL.

Transcription

1 Golubchuk V. Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University, Kiev, Ukraine PROSPECTS FOR THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL MODEL. The term «social dimension» introduced into the scholar language a few years ago has embraced all the social problems as well as the theory and practice of social planning. Following the economic integration, the European Community has started social integration. To develop successfully any society needs a model which it chooses into line with its requirements, traditions, values and norms. Europe has been create model called «European social model» (ESM). The so-called «social core», special treatment of people, defense of his political, democratic and social rights is its characteristic feature. The principles laid down in the ESM are following: social solidarity and cohesion, social justice, the creation of competitive economy based on knowledge, careful treatment of the environment. This experience has been achieved in the course of the development of European integration process. The EU has been able to evaluate its advantages and to come across inevitable difficulties. As the integration expands and deepens, new opportunities for Europe appear, various aspects of its further evolution open. The successes of the economic integration quite rightly make it possible to raise the question about political integration. The social integration not only joins the general process but becomes the priority of the 21st century capable of becoming a connecting link of all aspects of the European integration, moreover, of influencing their efficiency and progressive development of the European community. In the context of globalization, the role and importance of effective social policies as one of the main guarantees of progressive development. Ukrainian society for the successful development requires a model that chooses for themselves according to their needs, traditions, values and norms. The model and its implementation mechanism created to address existing and emerging issues, based on

2 the situation and responding promising targets. With precise models on the principles of a possible orderly exit from the crisis. The model of social policy is conditional characteristic pattern of the elements, the basis of which the values, goals, objectives, tools, forms of implementation, the relationship with economic, political factors. The model is associated with a certain ideology, elements of which are: the image of reality, the hierarchy of values, methodology of [1, p.48]. Model - a social ideal of the future in the interpretation of the EU model, which should strive, with the social idea that embodied the traditional values of European civilization, set the ultimate goals of social development. The social model - it's not forever frozen image, and the category is based on the ideas of social justice and ensuring basic human rights. She improved and supplemented in accordance with the changes taking place in society. This is recorded in the documents of the EU. The progressive development of the integration process contributed to the improvement of ECM, reform of the requirements of the time. The sequence of the course contributed to the positive results. Most people were able to take advantage of social achievements provided by ECM. Two-thirds of Community citizens identify themselves as middle class. Social groups and categories of the population that has income that do not meet standards set by the European Union, enjoy social support, receiving subsidies and incentives from the state. The European social model is based on perceived all Member States of the EU values: the inextricable link between economic development and social progress; a high level of social security that is universal; developed labor legislation that protects an employee; equal opportunities and non-discrimination; the key role of government in addressing social problems and as an arbitrator between the social partners; availability of social infrastructure sector; the fight for employment and eradication of poverty and social exclusion in society; decent wages; Social dialogue partners; social justice and solidarity in society. However, the value of social and public nature as a basis for domestic policy is not only Western, but also a number of other countries. The European social model has always been considered an attractive project of society, constantly competing with overseas analogue. Historical and cultural

3 traditions of European countries, their economic achievements made possible the development of the European social model, which was designed to ensure the effective functioning of the economy and fairness in the distribution of social wealth. Regarding the formation and the possibility of creating a unified model of social policy in Europe is discussion. Several researchers, including M. Karhalova, M. Strezhnyeva, V.Schweitzer understand it the prospects of solving problems. There is a view that the formation of such a model is impossible because of the very significant differences in the structure of the social and economic security of the participating countries. Some researchers believe a single model of social policy model of social order and its basic principles - the basis for improvement. Other researchers deny the existence of a single European social model, arguing that liberal social system UK corporate model of Germany and France, the Social Democratic Scandinavia - quite different and self-sufficient social model [6, p.33]. Thus, each national social model is original and unique because of historical and cultural differences, there is no single or uniform European social model. The unity of the manifold social patterns of Western countries, the European model of society and social policy based on a regulated market economy, social dialogue, consensus on the principles of solidarity in society, equality of rights and freedoms. The model is based on a common foundation of standards and values, the instruments and institutions of social policy, social legislation, structural funds, social dialogue and the open method of coordination of social policies at the national member states, national systems of social security scheme of abstract reasoning, the result of social history, intelligent design, synthesis of common national original models. social ideal, a model, which should strive, with the social idea. The development of the social dimension of the EU is in the process of forming the conceptual framework of the European social model, which is considered in the context of efforts and practical steps, especially Western countries with the creation of a united Europe as a common economic and social space in which to social and economic problems were solved in parallel. All national socio-economic model of the EU Member States based on common principles: social justice, social security, social cohesion, competitive economy. This fact makes understanding the possible existence of a single social strategy for Europe

4 [7, p.21]. In this connection, the existing evidence is already unified social direction and standardization of this area does not cause doubts. But there is another question - has the ability and capacity unified social policy in the conditions of globalization and national differences in the presence of the Member States to overcome the challenges of today given that the backlog of social integration of economic integration. The experience of the model is beneficial for Ukraine because of social factors. First, the principles underlying ECM - Social solidarity and unity, social justice, creating a competitive economy based on knowledge, caring about the environment. Thus, the European social model was at the same time the result of gains mass organizations of workers and employers and preventive policy states. Most of the population benefited from social advances provided by the European social model. In the west of the continent managed to create a large middle class, two thirds of the Community [11, p.26]. Second, the proclaimed and enshrined in official documents of the principles of "social solidarity", "social cohesion", "social justice" and "social responsibility" defined processes that influence the evolution of European society. Europe continues to move this way, making a successful transition from economic integration to integrate social. The EU is indicative ground, where the different types of exams States, working in conditions of social market economy. Thirdly, political and cultural traditions of European countries made possible the development of the European social model in its present form. It is designed to ensure the effective functioning of the economy and fairness in the distribution of social wealth. Fourth, model and today remains a social ideal model to which it is necessary to seek, with the idea that embodied the traditional values of European civilization and set the ultimate goals of social development. This ECM has never been considered as frozen scheme, although it is based on the ideas of social justice and ensuring basic human rights. She still continuously improved and supplemented, illustrating the changes taking place in society.

5 Fifthly, it is the emergence and success of the European Union is a practical proof of the viability of ECM. However, the situation is not so rosy, and attitudes among Europeans about ECM is ambiguous. Particularly notable is for this crisis, economy, finance, energy, social sector. The emergence of such phenomena as "euroskepticism", is accidental. It identified differences in the positions of Member States are called to work together within the EU.