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1 ENGLISH LANGUAGE 1 ENGLISH LANGUAGE Directions (1 15):Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words in the passage have been printed in bold to help you locate them when answering some of the questions. Rivers should link, not divide us, said the Indian Prime Minister expressing concern over interstate disputes and urged state governments to show understanding and consideration, statesmanship and an appreciation of the other point of view. Water conflicts in India now reach every level! divide every segment of our society, political parties, states, regions and sub-regions within states, districts, castes and groups and individual farmers. Water conflicts within and between many developing countries are also taking a serious turn. Fortunately, the water wars, forecast by so many, have not yet materialized. War has taken place, but over oil, not water. Water is radically altering and affecting political boundaries all over the world, between as well as within countries. In India, water conflicts are likely to worsen before they begin to be resolved. Till then they pose a significant threat to economic growth, security and health of the ecosystem and the victims are likely to be the poorest of the poor as well as the very sources of water rivers, wetlands and aquifers. Conflicts might sound bad or negative, but they are logical developments in the absence of proper democratic, legal and administrative mechanisms to handle issues at the root of water conflicts. Part of the problem stems from the specific nature of water, namely that water is divisible and amenable to sharing; one unit of water used by one is a unit denied to others; it has multiple uses and users and involves resultant trade-offs. Excludability is an inherent problem and very often exclusion costs involved are very high: it involves the issue of graded scales and boundaries and need for evolving a corresponding understanding around them. Finally, the way water is planned, used and managed causes externalities, both positive and negative, and many of them are unidirectional and asymmetric. There is a relatively greater visibility as well as a greater body of experience in evolving policies, frameworks, legal setups and administrative mechanisms dealing with immobile natural resources, however contested the space may be. Reformists as well as revolutionary movements are rooted in issues related to land. Several political and legal interventions addressing the issue of equity and societal justice have been attempted. Most countries have gone through land reforms of one type or another. Issues related to forests have also generated a body of comprehensive literature on forest resources and rights. Though conflicts over them have not necessarily been effectively or adequately resolved, they have received much more serious attention, have been studied in their own right and practical as well as theoretical means of dealing with them have been sought. In contrast, water conflicts have not received the same kind of attention. 1. According to the author, which of the following is/are consequences of water conflicts? (i) Trans-border conflicts between developing countries (ii) Water bodies will remain unused and unaffected till the conflict is resolved (iii)water conflicts have altered the political boundaries within countries (1) Only i (2)Only ii (3) Only iii (4) Both i & iii (5)None of these 2. Why does the author ask readers not to view conflicts too negatively? (i) Most countries have survived them easily, (ii) They bring political parties together. (iii)they only affect the grass-root levels (1) Only i (2)Only ii (3) Only iii (4) All i, ii and iii (5)Neither i, ii nor iii 3. The author s main objective in writing the passage is to (1) showcase government commitment to solve the wa-ter distribution problem (2) make a strong case for war as the logical

2 ENGLISH LANGUAGE 2 resolution for water conflicts (3) point out the seriousness of the threat posed by unresolved water conflicts (4) describe how the very nature of water contributes to water struggles (5) criticise governmental efforts for water conflict resolution 4. Which of the following is TRUE in the context of the passage? (1) Water wars are taking place between many developing countries. (2) There have been several legal interventions in India to govern the use of water resources. (3) The poor people are worst affected by water conflicts. (4) Water diversion by Indian states has helped resolve water disputes. 5. What is the Prime Minister s advice to resolve (1) Water management techniques like dams, linking rivers, etc have negative consequences. (2) There is no real solution to water conflicts. (3) Despite receiving much attention water conflicts re main unresolved. (4) Water conflicts threaten the livelihood of those who depend on water sources. 9. According to the passage, which of the following is a limitation of water resulting in disputes? (1) Water is not a divisible resource. (2) Manipulation of water distribution is easy. (3) Water is an interconnected resource. (4) Water is an immobile resource. Directions (10-12): Pick out the word which is the closest in meaning to the word printed in bold as used in the passage. 10. Radically water disputes? (1) suddenly(2)equally (3) completely (1) Link all rivers to make national grid (4) moderately (5)concurrently (2) Politicians alone can solve the problem 11. Inherent (3) Bridges and dams can resolve water issues (1) functional (2) intense (3) persistent (4) Make consensual and conscious efforts (5) Create public awareness 6. Which of the following is NOT TRUE in the context of the passage? (4) characteristic (5) genetic 12. Materialized (1) mattered(2)interfered (3) hidden(4)presented (5) expanded (1) Deeper problems exist at the root of all water conflicts. is opposite in meaning to the word printed in bold Directions (13 15): Pick out the word which (2) Competing uses of water is a cause of water conflict. (3) In India water conflicts affect all levels. (4) Only social stability is unaffected by water disputes. (5) All are true 7. According to the author, which of the following as used in the passage, 13. Asymmetric (1) unsteady(2)equilibrium (3) discouraging(4)superior(5)contradictory 14. Denied factors aggravates water disputes? (1) considered(2)assigned (3) concerned (1) Political interventions (4) fined (5)acknowledged (2) Excessive analysis of the issue 15. Worsen (3) Reformist movements by political parties (1) bounty(2) accept (4) Inadequate administrative and legislative (3) better(4)stable (5) capable frameworks Directions (16-30): Which of the phrases (1), (2), (3)& (4) given below each sentence should replace the 8. Which of the following can be inferred about water con-flicts? phrase printed in bold type to make the sentence grammatically correct? If the sentence is, correct, mark (5),

3 ENGLISH LANGUAGE 3 i.e. No correction required as the answer. 16. Please take out your shoes and put out the light. (1) take out your shoes and switch off the light (2) take out your shoes and put on the bight (3) take off your shoes and put out the light (4) put off your shoes and switch off the bight 17. My sister was falling of the cycle very often, (4) in exception of Ram(5)No correction required 24. The problem lay that he was so unused to this lifestyle. (1) was lying in that he is (2) lied in the fact that he was (3) lay in the fact that he was (4) is lying in the fact that he was. 25. Today, after many years it was a great success. (1) was falling off (2) fell off (3) did fall (1) it had been a great success (4) fell of (5)No correction required (2) it will have been a great success 18. When the child is being bored and not occupied is also mischievous, (1) has boredom and no occupation he (2) was bored and not occupied he (3) is bored and unoccupied that he (4) is bored and unoccupied he 19. It took years for realizing what was going on. (1) took years for realization (2) takes years for realizing (3) took years after realizing (4) took years before I realized 20. I cannot dance the music like I did before the accident, (1) dancing (2)dance for the music (3) dance by the music(4)dance to the music 21. I leave in hurry because it was getting dark, (1) left with hurry (2) leave with hurry (3) it is a great success (4) it may have been a great success (5) No correction correct. 26. America has announced plans to shut up recruitment agencies. (1) will announced plans to shut up (2) announced plans to shut off (3) has announced plans to shut down (4) has announced plans of shut down 27. We are constantly surrounding of sounds and noise. (1) constantly surrounding about sounds (2) constantly surrounding by sounds. (3) constantly surrounded by sounds (4) constantly surrounding with 28. Cinema cannot compete in the luxury of watching a DVD at home. (1) cannot competing (2)will not compete in (3) will not compete for(4)cannot compete with (3) hurriedly left (4) left hurriedly 22. Being forewarned on the lack of transport I hired a cycle, 29. On account of she lacked a sense of responsibility, I confiscated the keys. (1) On account that her (1) I was forewarned on (2) On account she (3)On account that she (2) On being forewarned on (4) Because she (3) Being forewarned about 30. Sachin is older of the two sons. (4) Being warned before (1) is older than (2) will be older of (3) is elder than (4) is the older of 23. Everyone is here exceptionally Ram. (1) in exception Ram (2)occasionally Ram (3) with the exception of Ram Directions (31-40):Read each sentence to find out whether there is any grammatical error in it. The error, if any, will be in one part of the sen-

4 ENGLISH LANGUAGE 4 tence. Mark the number of that part with error as your answer. If there is no error, mark (5). 42. Which is the LAST (SIXTH) sentence of the paragraph? 31. Now a days (1)/ the accidents of diabetes (2)/ (1) C (2) B (3) F (4) D (5) E among urban children (3)/ is on the rise, (4)/ No 43. Which is the FIRST sentence of the paragraph? error (5) (1) A (2) D (3) C (4) B (5) E 32. The air is heavy (1)/ with gaseous (2)/ and noise 44. Which is the FIFTH sentence of the paragraph? pollutants (3)/ generated by thousands of vehicles, (1) F (2) D (3) E (4) A (5) C 33. Some American students (1)/ feel that (2)/ academic 45. Which is the SECOND sentence of the paragraph? standards are (3)/ larger in India, (1) B (2) D 34. The shopkeeper was pleased (1)/ when we told (3) F (4) C him (2)/ this kinds of mangoes (3)/ were very (5) E delicious, Directions (46-50): Rearrange the following 35. Hritik along with his family (1)/ are visiting (2)/ words/phrases to form meaningful sentences. the Prince of Wales museum (3)/ day after tomorrow, is (C)/ than any of (D)/ the earlier budgets (E) 46. more controversial (A)/ this year s (B)/ budget 36. As a teenager (1)/ Monica Seles had (2)/ often (1) BEADC (2)DEBCA beat Steffi. Graf (3)/ at the French Open. (4)/ (3) BACDE No error (5) (4) BCADE (5) ECDAB 37. He was (1)/ of the belief (2)/ that the evening 47. well in advance (A)/ before buying (B)/ a family news (3)/ are worth watching, (C)/ a house (D)/should plan (E) 38. Many believe that (1)/ nothing could have (2)/ (1) BCDEA (2)CEABD avoided the war (3)/between America and Iraq, (3) BDACE (4)CDBEA (5) DECBA 39. The instructions clearly (1)/ state that (2)/ each 48. about their problems (A)/ children who had (B)/ item is having (3)/ two options, performed plays (C)/ been rescued (D)/ and 40. The postman was polite (1)/ and said he regretted songs (E) (2)/ at the delay (3)/ in delivery, (1) AECBD (2)BCEAD Directions (41-45): Rearrange the following (3) BCAED (4)BDCEA sentences into a meaningful paragraph and then (5) BCDAE answer the questions given below it. 49. arrested (A)/ the police (B)/ four cricketers (C)/ A. Development of drought resistance could benefit large numbers of farmers. on Monday (D)/ for playing bets (E) (1) BDCAE (2)CABDE B. Hence the human race has no choice but to adapt to these impacts. (3) DCABE (4)ECDBA C. India has to be concerned about climatic changes. (5) BACDE D. This impact can run into decades and centuries. 50. sometimes reaching (A)/ the Indian python (B)/ more than 20 feet (C)/ is one of the largest E. Environment day is thus an important occasion to assess the past and our future. snakes (D)/ lengths of (E) (1) BACDE (2)ECABD F. Since there is a possibility of adverse impact on agriculture which could deter growth. (3) BDAEC (4)EBCDA 41. Which is the THIRD sentence of the paragraph? (5) BCAED (1) A (2) D (3) B (4) C (5) E

5 ENGLISH LANGUAGE 5 SHORT ANSWER 1. (1) 2. (5) 3. (3) 4. (3) 5. (4) 6. (4) 7. (4) 8. (1) 9. (5) 10. (3) 11. (4) 12. (4) 13. (2) 14. (2) 15. (3) 16. (3) 17. (2) 18. (4) 19. (4) 20. (4) 21. (4) 22. (3) 23. (3) 24. (3) 25. (3) 26. (3) 27. (3) 28. (4) 29. (4) 30. (4) 31. (2) 32. (5) 33. (4) 34. (3) 35. (2) 36. (2) 37. (4) 38. (3) 39. (3) 40. (3) 41. (2) 42. (5) 43. (3) 44. (4) 45. (3) 46. (4) 47. (2) 48. (4) 49. (5) 50. (3)