CONTRACT WORKERS RIGHT OF AUTOMATIC ABSORPTION
|
|
- Kristopher Wilkerson
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 CONTRACT WORKERS RIGHT OF AUTOMATIC ABSORPTION Arthya 1 INTRODUCTION A workman employed in connection with work of an establishment, who is hired through a third person for example a contractor with or without the knowledge of the principle employer is a contract labourer. 2 Employers prefer contract labour as they work for longer hours, are cheaper, easily positioned in hazardous work and in case of accidents employer incurs low cost. This system provides more flexible setup, they are easily fired or terminating of the contract is easier then retrenching own worker. Establishment also saves money in this type of set up, as they are not supposed to pay social welfare benefits such as leave wages, insurance or bonus etc. Contract labour forms a basic system of industrial growth in India, and the number of contract labourers is growing every minute. In a scenario where almost one fourth of workers belong to informal sector it becomes important to protect them. 3 The paper explains Section 10 of Contract labour (Prohibition and Abolition) Act, and how its implication by abolishing the contract labour system in an establishment affects the workers. The paper aims to analyze what happens once system is abolished, and what role the judiciary has played in interpreting section 10 in lieu of workers with SAIL 4 and Air India 5 case. The paper critically scrutinizes both the judgments, and aims to point out how and where the judgment has gone incorrect. Towards the end, the paper discusses about Second National Committee Report, the recommendations given by the Committee, and ones own recommendations after reviewing the same. 1 4 th Year BA LLB Student, O.P. Jindal Global Law School, O.P. Jindal Global University 2 Available at (last visited on 12 th October 2015) 3 Available at (last visited on 11 th October 2015). 4 Steel Authority Of India Ltd. v National Union Water Front, AIR 2006 SC Air India Statutory Corporation v United Labour Union & Ors, AIR 1997 SC P a g e Journal On Contemporary Issues of Law (JCIL) Vol. 2 Issue 5
2 THE CONTRACT LABOUR (REGULATION AND ABOLITION) ACT, The Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act came into enforcement in The Act as its preamble states was passed to prevent the exploitation of contract labour and also to introduce better conditions of work. The Act provides for regulation and abolition of contract labour. The policy of the Act is to abolish contract labour, wherever possible and attainable, and where it cannot be abolished altogether, the working conditions of the workers should be regulated as to ensure payment of wages and provision of essential amenities. The Act provides for regulated conditions of work and contemplates progressive abolition to the extent anticipated by Section Section 10 8 of the Act deals with abolition while the rest of the Act deals mainly with regulation. The main idea of the section is to find out whether contract labour is necessary for the industry, trade, business, manufacture or occupation, which is carried on in the establishment. 9 Section 10(1) is a non-obstante clause, which powers it to prevail over any other provision of the Act. Section 10 authorizes the government to prohibit employment of contract labour in any process, operation or other work of establishment in any establishment. The appropriate government is duly bound under this section to consult with central board 10 or state board 11 as the case may be, before prohibiting employment of contract labour in any process, operation or other work in any establishment. It is not necessary that the appropriate government be bound to accept the advice given by the board. The appropriate government has to consider the conditions of work and benefits provided for contract labour engaged in 6 The Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970, ACT NO. 37 OF The Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970, ACT NO. 37 OF 1970, section10. Prohibition of employment of contract labour.- (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the appropriate Government may, after consultation with the Central Board or, as the case may be, a State Board, prohibit, by notification in the Official Gazette, employment of contract labour in any process, operation or other work in any establishment. (2) Before issuing any notification under sub-section (1) in relation to an establishment, the appropriate Government shall have regard to the conditions of work and benefits provided for the contract labour in that establishment and other relevant factors, such as-- (a) whether the process, operation or other work is incidental to, or necessary for the industry, trade, business, manufacture or occupation that is carried on in the establishment: (b) whether it is of perennial nature, that is to say, it is of sufficient duration having regard to the nature of industry, trade, business, manufacture or occupation carried on in that establishment; (c) whether it is done ordinarily through regular workmen in that establishment or an establishment similar thereto; (d) whether it is sufficient to employ considerable number of whole-time workmen. Explanation. If a question arises whether any process or operation or other work is of perennial nature, the decision of the appropriate Government thereon shall be final. 8 The Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970, ACT NO. 37 OF 1970, section10. 9 Gammon India Ltd v Union of India, AIR 1974 SC The Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970, ACT NO. 37 OF 1970, section The Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970, ACT NO. 37 OF 1970, section 4. 2 P a g e Journal On Contemporary Issues of Law (JCIL) Vol. 2 Issue 5
3 that establishment before prohibiting the employment of contract labour along with other relevant factors mentioned in the section. The section or the Act does not expressly talks about the fate of workers working in these establishments under contract. The question here arises is will the workers be absorbed under the principle employers or will they be left jobless? Though the section expressly does not mention about the workers after, put it clearly put the responsibility over the appropriate government to that the work in the favor of the labour. According to ones view by mentioning that the main purpose of the Act is to abolish contract labour, the legislation did not intend to leave workers jobless once there is an exercise of section 10, and also section expressly mention about working in favor of the workers. The question here arises is that whether abolition of contract labour in an establishment under section 10 would result in an automatic absorption of the workers in the establishment as permanent workers or no? This question was answered in different cases, but it was expressly dealt with in Air India 12 case were court decided in the favor of the workers but later it was overruled by SAIL 13 case that went completely in the different direction from Air India. JUDICIAL INTERPRETATION The question of permanency of labourers was first raised in the case of Workmen of Best and Crompton Industries Ltd v The Management of Best and Crompton Engineering Ltd 14, where it was held that if a contractor or the principle employer did not obtain license or registration certificate under the Act, in that case the workmen would become the direct and permanent employees of principle employer. It was overruled with the judgment of Dena Nath v National Fertilizers Limited 15 and Gujarat Electricity Board Ukai v HMS 16, it was held that section 10 does not expressly lay down any right of contract workers to be absorbed as permanent employees in case of abolition. This clearly implied that they were not provided any protection under this section and that after abolition they have to start all over again. 12 Air India Statutory Corporation v United Labour Union & Ors, AIR 1997 SC Steel Authority Of India Ltd. v National Union Water Front, AIR 2006 SC Workmen of Best and Crompton Industries Ltd v The Management of Best and Crompton Engineering Ltd, (1985) ILLJ 492 Mad. 15 Dena Nath v National Fertilizers Limited, 1992 AIR Gujarat Electricity Board Ukai v HMS, 1995 AIR P a g e Journal On Contemporary Issues of Law (JCIL) Vol. 2 Issue 5
4 Relief was given to the contract labourers for a short span through the judgment of Air India Statutory Corporation v United Labour Union 17. In this case court held that on the abolition of contract labour system under section 10 the contract workers automatically would become the workmen of the principle employer. The court here emphasized on the purposive interpretation of the act rather then literal and went ahead and said that the act was to protect contract labourers. Court said that though there is no express mention of right of permanency, but the concept of abolition of contract labour system under section 10 was to improve the condition of the workmen and not to worsen it and by literal interpretation the workers would be left with no jobs, which in no way helps to improve the condition of the workers. 18 The relief was short lived as this judgment was overruled in Steel Authority Of India Ltd. v National Union Water Front. 19 In this case it was held that contact workers had no automatic right of absorption in case of abolition of the contract labour system. In Air India 20 case, court was of the view that there was no express provision of automatic absorption because there was no need of it, whole purpose of the Act implied that there would be automatic absorption. 21 Whereas in SAIL 22 case it was said that the failure to provide such right, meant that no such right could be inferred, and that it was left deliberately. This was based on the cost, which would be inferred by the management to employ permanent workers, but failed to consider the employment of the workers. 23 The court also said that the real intend of section 10 was not a temporary solution but a permanent one. 24 Court went furthers and said that by departmentalizing the existing workers who may, by a fortuitous circumstance, be in an establishment for very short time while abolition or absorption. 25 It could as well be that a contractor and her contract labour that were with an establishment for number of years were changed just before the insurance of a prohibition notification. 26 In such a case there could be no justification to prefer the contract labour engaged on the relevant date over the contract labour employed for a long period earlier. 27 The court here did not analyze that in such a 17 Air India Statutory Corporation v United Labour Union & Ors, AIR 1997 SC Steel Authority Of India Ltd. v National Union Water Front, AIR 2006 SC Air India Statutory Corporation v United Labour Union & Ors, AIR 1997 SC Steel Authority Of India Ltd. v National Union Water Front, AIR 2006 SC P a g e Journal On Contemporary Issues of Law (JCIL) Vol. 2 Issue 5
5 situation the worker who has been there for number of years earlier should be absorbed, as she has no social security and time to start all over again. ANALYSIS In the SAIL 28 case the court held that after the contract labour system is abolished the only thing workers could do, is to raise a demand for absorption under the industrial disputes Act and litigate the matter before the tribunal. After reaching the industrial court, the workers are only entitled to preference with respect to permanent employment, which is if only the principle employer intends to employ regular workmen. 29 Only if the workers are otherwise found suitable and they poses the necessary technical qualification. Technical qualifications were not of a concern earlier when they were paid less, this case took a step backwards, from the security that Air India case provided to the workers. 30 According to one s understanding, the court took a very narrow interpretation of the Act and did not justify the provisions completely. The act regulates contract labour system to prevent exploitation of the contract labourers. The Act not only regulates workers in an establishments and its abolition in certain circumstances but also mentions about matters connected therewith 31. This phase shows that legislature while drafting the act did not only intend the appropriate government to consider the fact if is the current establishment suitable for carrying out work or not but also the fact that after abolition of the system what would be the mode of workers sustenance. 32 Different provisions of Act mention how principal employer is responsible for a safe and clean environment of the labour, which ensures the protection of their basic fundamental rights. The question that surfaces here is that; does abolition of the system result in the abolition of their right? For example under section formation of canteen, which provides right to food; under section provision of a rest room which is right to leisure; under section to provide drinking water, washrooms etc., which ensures basic right to health. These provisions clearly shows that the intention of the Sundar K.R., 2012, Contract Labour in India, page The Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970, ACT NO. 37 OF 1970, section Sundar K.R., 2012, Contract Labour in India, page The Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970, ACT NO. 37 OF 1970, section The Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970, ACT NO. 37 OF 1970, section The Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970, ACT NO. 37 OF 1970, section P a g e Journal On Contemporary Issues of Law (JCIL) Vol. 2 Issue 5
6 legislature was not bring the workers back from where they started but to provide them with basic human rights. By abolishing the system of contract labour and not absorbing the worker under principle employer, basic human rights provided by the Act under the employment by the principle employer and right to lively hood under article 21 ends, which clearly violates the purpose of the Act. Report V Contract Labour fifth item on the agenda, article 6 puts a duty on the state that both permanent works and contract labour would receive the same protection. 36 By applying section 10 in its literal interpretation the equal protection that article 6 talks about is taken away as the government with the help of section 10 can take their living at any time. But by insuring absorption the labourers are brought at an equal footing to that of permanent employee. REMEDIES Commission 37 mentioned in its report that it is important for the economic growth of the countries that the organizations are flexible to adjust the number of the number of the work power in an establishment based on economic efficiency. It is essential to focus on core competencies if an enterprise wants to remain competitive, therefor contract workers should not be engaged in core working activities, except in case of seasonal demands. The commission further recommended. We are aware that off-loading perennial non-core services like canteen, watch and ward, cleaning, etc. to other employing agencies has to take care of three aspects (1) there have to be provisions that ensure that perennial core services are not transferred to other agencies or establishments; (2) where such services are being performed by employees on the pay rolls of the enterprises, no transfer to other agencies should be done without consulting, bargaining (negotiating) agents; and (3) where the transfer of such services do not involve any employee who is currently in service, the management will be free to entrust the service to outside agencies Available at (last visited on 21 st October 2015) 37 Available at (last visited on 12 th October 2015) 38 6 P a g e Journal On Contemporary Issues of Law (JCIL) Vol. 2 Issue 5
7 The contract labour will, however, be remunerated at the rate of a regular worker engaged in the same organization doing work of a comparable nature or if such worker does not exist in the organization, at the lowest salary of a worker in a comparable grade, i.e. unskilled, semiskilled or skilled. 39 This clearly mentions that protection of worker is the upmost purpose of the Act; this talks about protection and power that should be given to the workers in an establishment who would be affected by the implementation of section 10. The commission also recommended that the burden of proof in case of; that the principle employer is paying sufficient amount to workers who shifted from contract labour should be on the principle employer. The principle employer will ensure that the prescribed social security and other benefits are extended to the contract workers. 40 CONCLUSION Though I agree that abolition and automatic absorption of contract labour would discourage investments and expansion of labour intensive areas in highly competitive market but it is important to strike a balance. We cannot leave people jobless in the name of economic growth. Therefor as also recommended by the committee I am of the view that the abolition of the contract labour system should not be a decision of executive body based on the recommendations made by the judicial body but should also be in power of judicial body. As judicial body is more qualified to analyze the situation and evidences. The abolishing the system there should be reasonable number of contract workers who should be absorbed in the permanent employment, this would stick a balance between both Air India case and Sail case. Every contract worker who has been a worker for more then three years against a permanent worker should be converted into a permanent worker or any contract worker who has been on the same job for an continuous period of five years may not be against permanent worker should be converted to permanent worker. There needs to be an amendment in the Act, which according to me should remove the intermediary, which would result in better wages for the workers and would put them in a better place to negotiate. The workers should be empowered to raise industrial disputes without the help of direct employees. Contract workers should be able to exercise their right to freedom of association including the right to form or join trade 39 Available at (last visited on 12 th October 2015) 40 7 P a g e Journal On Contemporary Issues of Law (JCIL) Vol. 2 Issue 5
8 union or to form a similar body for the protection of their interest and collective bargaining, equality at work etc. should be given. 8 P a g e Journal On Contemporary Issues of Law (JCIL) Vol. 2 Issue 5
CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY. 1. Short title, extent, commencement and application. 2. Definitions. CHAPTER II THE ADVISORY BOARDS
SECTIONS THE CONTRACT LABOUR (REGULATION AND ABOLITION) ACT, 1970 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY 1. Short title, extent, commencement and application. 2. Definitions. 3. Central Advisory
More informationThe Balochistan Gazette
EXTRAORDINARY REGISTERED NO. S-2771 The Balochistan Gazette PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY No.41 QUETTA SATURDAY JULY 20, 1974 PROVINCIAL ASSEMBLY OF BALOCHISTAN NOTIFICATION Dated Quetta, the 19 th June, 1974.
More informationContract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970 [No.37 OF 1970] C O N T E N T S [September 5, 1970]
Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970 [No.37 OF 1970] C O N T E N T S [September 5, 1970] Sections I. Short title, extent and commencement. 2. Definitions 3. Central Advisory Board 4. State
More informationAnalysis of Amendment Bill 2017 of Contract Labour [Regulation& Abolition] Act.
Analysis of Amendment Bill 2017 of Contract Labour [Regulation& Abolition] Act. Section Existing Proposed Reads after the proposed amendment Effects / repercussions, if any. 2 [ 1][b] (b) a workman shall
More informationTHE INTER-STATE MIGRANT WORKMEN (REGULATION OF EMPLOYMENT AND CONDITIONS OF SERVICE) ACT, (No. 30 of 1979)
THE INTER-STATE MIGRANT WORKMEN (REGULATION OF EMPLOYMENT AND CONDITIONS OF SERVICE) ACT, 1979 (No. 30 of 1979) [11 th June, 1979] An Act to regulate the employment of inter-state migrant workmen and to
More informationGOVERNMENT OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
0 For official use GOVERNMENT OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA THE KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA CIVIL SERVANTS ACT, 973 (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Act No. XVIII of 973) Compiled by: O&M SECTION, REGULATION WING ESTABLISHMENT & ADMINISTRATION
More informationTHE PUNJAB MUNICIPAL CORPORATION LAW (EXTENSION TO CHANDIGARH) ACT, 1994 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
THE PUNJAB MUNICIPAL CORPORATION LAW (EXTENSION TO CHANDIGARH) ACT, 1994 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS SECTIONS 1. Short title and commencement. 2. Extension and amendments of Punjab Act 42 of 1976. 3. Repeal
More informationTHE PUNJAB CIVIL SERVANTS ACT, 1974 (VIII OF 1974)
THE PUNJAB CIVIL SERVANTS ACT, 1974 (VIII OF 1974) CONTENTS 1. Short title, application and commencement CHAPTER - I PRELIMINARY 2. Definitions CHAPTER - II TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SERVICE OF CIVIL SERVANTS
More informationTHE KARNATAKA RELIEF UNDERTAKINGS (SPECIAL PROVISIONS) ACT, 1977
THE KARNATAKA RELIEF UNDERTAKINGS (SPECIAL PROVISIONS) Statement of Object and Reasons Sections: ACT, 1977 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS. 1. Short title, extent and commencement. 2. Definitions. 3. Declaration
More informationTHE APPRENTICES ACT, 1961
SECTIONS THE APPRENTICES ACT, 1961 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY 1. Short title, extent, commencement and application. 2. Definitions. CHAPTER II APPRENTICES AND THEIR TRAINING 3. Qualifications
More informationPublic Service Act 13 of 1995 (GG 1121) brought into force on on 1 November 1995 by GN 210/1995 (GG 1185)
(GG 1121) brought into force on on 1 November 1995 by GN 210/1995 (GG 1185) as amended by Amendment of Schedule 2 to the Public Service Act, 1995 (Act 13 of 1995), Proclamation 3 of 1997 (GG 1500) under
More informationAn Act to regulate the appointment of persons to, and the terms and conditions of Service of persons in, the service of Pakistan.
The Civil Servants Act, 1973. Civil Servants Act, 1973 (Act No.LXXI of 1973) An Act to regulate the appointment of persons to, and the terms and conditions of Service of persons in, the service of Pakistan.
More informationTHE CONTRACT LABOUR (REGULATION AND ABOLITION) ACT, 1970 AND JUDICIAL INTERVENTION. By Indralina Sen 17
THE CONTRACT LABOUR (REGULATION AND ABOLITION) ACT, 1970 AND JUDICIAL INTERVENTION By Indralina Sen 17 INTRODUCTION: In India, contract labourers are protected by the Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition)
More informationDomestic workers (Registration social security and welfare ) Act 2008
DRAFT BILL Domestic workers (Registration social security and welfare ) Act 2008 Statement of objects and reasons The issue of exploitation of women and children domestic workers is frequent and regularly
More informationNumber 45 of 2001 PROTECTION OF EMPLOYEES (PART-TIME WORK) ACT, 2001 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS PART 1. Preliminary and General
Number 45 of 2001 PROTECTION OF EMPLOYEES (PART-TIME WORK) ACT, 2001 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS PART 1 Preliminary and General Section 1. Short title, collective citation and construction. 2. Commencement.
More informationACT ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS. as amended by
(GG 2996) Part II brought into force on 20 June 2003; remainder of Act brought into force on 30 June 2003, with both dates being announced in GN 125/2003 (GG 3001) as amended by Magistrates Amendment Act
More informationTHE PLANTATIONS LABOUR (AMENDMENT) BILL, 2008
TO BE INTRODUCED IN THE RAJYA SABHA Bill No. XLIV of 2008 69 of 1951. THE PLANTATIONS LABOUR (AMENDMENT) BILL, 2008 A BILL further to amend the Plantations Labour Act, 1951. BE it enacted by Parliament
More informationANDHRA PRADESH LABOUR WELFARE FUND ACT, 1987
ANDHRA PRADESH LABOUR WELFARE FUND ACT, 1987 ACT NO. 34 Of 1987 STATEMENT OF OBJECTS AND REASONS With the rapid growth of industries in the State welfare of the labour has assumed great importance. It
More informationTHE PUNJAB CIVIL SERVANTS ACT, 1974
1 of 7 18/03/2011 10:09 THE PUNJAB CIVIL SERVANTS ACT, 1974 (Pb Act VIII of 1974) C O N T E N T S SECTION HEADING CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY 1. Short title, application and commencement. 2. Definitions. 3.
More informationGOVERNMENT GAZETTE REPUBLIC OF NAMIBIA
GOVERNMENT GAZETTE OF THE REPUBLIC OF NAMIBIA N$5.60 WINDHOEK - 23 September 2015 No. 5834 CONTENTS Page PROCLAMATION No. 28 Regulations Relating to Conditions of Service of Judges: Judges Remuneration
More informationHEALTH AND SAFETY IN EMPLOYMENT ACT 1992
HEALTH AND SAFETY IN EMPLOYMENT ACT 1992 This version of the Health and Safety in Employment Act includes all amendments and the 2001 Amendment Bill. All additions proposed by the Amendment Bill are shown
More informationTHE ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNALS ACT, 1985 ACT NO. 13 OF 1985 [27th February, 1985.]
THE ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNALS ACT, 1985 ACT NO. 13 OF 1985 [27th February, 1985.] An Act to provide for the adjudication or trial by Administrative Tribunals of disputes and complaints with respect to recruitment
More informationEQUAL REMUNERATION ACT, 1976 CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY CHAPTER II PAYMENT OF REMUNERATION OF EQUAL RATES TO MEN AND WOMEN WORKERS AND OTHER MATTERS
1. Short title, extent and commencement 2. Definitions 3. Act to have overriding effect EQUAL REMUNERATION ACT, 1976 CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY CHAPTER II PAYMENT OF REMUNERATION OF EQUAL RATES TO MEN AND WOMEN
More informationRegulation (EEC) No 1612/68 of the Council of 15 October 1968 on freedom of movement for workers within the Community
Regulation (EEC) No 1612/68 of the Council of 15 October 1968 on freedom of movement for workers within the Community Official Journal L 257, 19/10/1968 P. 0002-0012 REGULATION (EEC) No 1612/68 OF THE
More informationTHE INTER-STATE MIGRANT WORKMEN (Regulation of Employment) AND Conditions of Service) ACT, 1979
THE INTER-STATE MIGRANT WORKMEN (Regulation of Employment) AND Conditions of Service) ACT, 1979 1. OBJECT: To regulate the employment of inter-state migrant workmen and to Provide for their conditions
More informationPUBLIC SERVICE ACT 13 OF [Government Gazette: 7 August 1995 No. 1121] Commencement: 1 November 1995 ACT
PUBLIC SERVICE ACT 13 OF 1995 [Government Gazette: 7 August 1995 No. 1121] Commencement: 1 November 1995 [Date of ACT To provide for the establishment, management and efficiency of the Public Service,
More informationTHE DANGEROUS MACHINES (REGULATION) ACT, 1983 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
SECTIONS THE DANGEROUS MACHINES (REGULATION) ACT, 1983 1. Short title, extent and commencement. ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY 2. Declaration as to expediency of control by Union. 3. Definitions.
More informationTHE KARNATAKA PAYMENT OF SUBSISTENCE ALLOWANCE ACT, 1988.
THE KARNATAKA PAYMENT OF SUBSISTENCE ALLOWANCE ACT, 1988. Statement of Object and Reasons Sections: 1. Short Title and Commencement. 2. Definitions. 3. Payment of Subsistence Allowance. ARRANGEMENT OF
More informationREPORT FORM. MINIMUM AGE CONVENTION, 1973 (No. 138)
Appl. 22.138 138. Minimum Age, 1973 INTERNATIONAL LABOUR OFFICE GENEVA REPORT FORM FOR THE MINIMUM AGE CONVENTION, 1973 (No. 138) The present report form is for the use of countries which have ratified
More informationBE it enacted by Parliament in the Thirty-second Year of the Republic of India as follows:-- CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY
THE CINE-WORKERS AND CINEMA THEATRE WORKERS (REGULATION OF EMPLOYMENT) ACT, 1981 ACT NO. 50 OF 1981 [24th December, 1981.] An Act to provide for the regulation of the conditions of employment of certain
More informationAPPRENTICES ACT, 1961
APPRENTICES ACT, 1961 [52 OF 1961] An Act to provide for the regulation and control of training of apprentices 1 [***] and for matters connected therewith. BE it enacted by Parliament in the Twelfth Year
More informationTHE EMPLOYMENT EXCHANGES (COMPULSORY NOTIFICATION OF VACANCIES) AMENDMENT BILL, 2013
S3 \F\BILL 2013RS\120RS\120RS TO BE INTRODUCED IN THE RAJYA SABHA AS INSTRODUCED IN THE RAJYA SABHA THE EMPLOYMENT EXCHANGES (COMPULSORY NOTIFICATION OF VACANCIES) AMENDMENT BILL, 2013 A Bill No. XXVII
More informationTHE ISRAEL FOOTBALL ASSOCIATION "Say yes to fair football" COACH AGREEMENT FORM FOR THE SEASON 2018/19
THE ISRAEL FOOTBALL ASSOCIATION www.football.org.il "Say yes to fair football" After approval of the Agreement by the Budget Control Authority, three copies of the form must be photocopied. The original
More informationTHE PUBLIC LIABILITY INSURANCE ACT, 1991 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
THE PUBLIC LIABILITY INSURANCE ACT, 1991 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS SECTIONS 1. Short title and commencement. 2. Definitions. 3. Liability to give relief in certain cases on principle of no fault. 4. Duty
More informationPUBLIC SERVICE ACT,
PUBLIC SERVICE ACT, 1994 1 (Proclamation 103 published in GG 15791 of 3 June 1994) [DATE OF COMMENCEMENT: 3 JUNE 1994] as amended by Proclamation 105 of 1994 Proclamation 134 of 1994 Proclamation R171
More information10 ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNALS ÍN INDIA
CHAPTER III COMPOSITION OF TRIBUNALS As stated in the previous chapter, it is necessary to ensure independence of tribunals from the executive control so that the people may have faith in their judgments.
More informationTHE KERALA PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION (ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS AS RESPECTS THE SERVICES UNDER LOCAL AUTHORITIES) SECOND AMENDMENT BILL, 2007
Twelfth Kerala Legislative Assembly Bill No. 94 THE KERALA PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION (ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS AS RESPECTS THE SERVICES UNDER LOCAL AUTHORITIES) SECOND AMENDMENT BILL, 2007 Kerala Legislature
More informationEQUAL REMUNERATION ACT, 1976
EQUAL REMUNERATION ACT, 1976 [25 OF 1976] An Act to provide for the payment of equal remuneration to men and women workers and for the prevention of discrimination, on the ground of sex, against women
More informationCHAPTER I PRELIMINARY CHAPTER II ESTABLISHMENT AND CONSTITUTION OF CIVIL COURTS
GUJARAT ACT NO. 21 OF 2005. THE GUJARAT CIVIL COURTS ACT, 2005. I N D E X Sections C O N T E N T S Page No. CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY 1. Short title, extent and 3 commencement. 2. Definitions. 4 CHAPTER II
More informationNATIONAL MINIMUM WAGE BILL
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA NATIONAL MINIMUM WAGE BILL (As amended by the Portfolio Committee on Labour (National Assembly)) (The English text is the offıcial text of the Bill.) (MINISTER OF LABOUR) [B 31B
More informationIntroduced 15 May 2001 Passage in principle 5 June 2001 Passage 21 June 2001 Assented to 21 June 2001
SECOND SESSION THIRTY-SIXTH LEGISLATURE Bill 31 (2001, chapter 26) An Act to amend the Labour Code, to establish the Commission des relations du travail and to amend other legislative provisions Introduced
More informationTHE PUNJAB LABOUR WELFARE FUND ACT, 1965 ( ) (Punjab Act No. 17 of 195)
Sections. THE PUNJAB LABOUR WELFARE FUND ACT, 1965 (7.1 7.11) (Punjab Act No. 17 of 195) 1. Short title, extend and commencement. 2. Definitions. 3. Welfare Fund. 4. Establishment of Board. 5. Power of
More informationAZAD JAMMU AND KASHMIR CIVIL SERVANTS ACT, 1976 (ACT VI OF 1976)
AZAD JAMMU AND KASHMIR CIVIL SERVANTS ACT, 1976 Muzaffarabad Dated: 20 th April, 1976 No.1504/SL/76. The following Act of the Legislative Assembly received the assent of the President on the 18 th of April,
More informationNATIONAL RAILWAY SAFETY REGULATOR AMENDMENT BILL
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA NATIONAL RAILWAY SAFETY REGULATOR AMENDMENT BILL (As introduced in the National Assembly (proposed section 76); explanatory summary of Bill published in Government Gazette No.
More informationJURISDICTION OF REGIONAL COURTS AMENDMENT BILL
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA JURISDICTION OF REGIONAL COURTS AMENDMENT BILL (As introduced in the National Assembly (proposed section 7); explanatory summary of bill published in Government Gazette No. 30399
More informationBE it enacted by the legislature of the State of Orissa in the Fifty-sixth Year of the
*THE ORISSA LABOUR WELFARE FUND ACT, 1996 (ORISSA ACT 14 OF 2005) [Received the assent of the President on the 28 th November, 2005, first published in an extraordinary issue of the Orissa Gazette, Dated
More informationInternational Labour Organization C177. Home Work Convention, 1996 (No. 177) R184. Home Work Recommendation, 1996 (No. 184)
International Labour Organization C177 Home Work Convention, 1996 (No. 177) R184 Home Work Recommendation, 1996 (No. 184) C177 Home Work Convention, 1996 (No. 177) 1 C177 - Home Work Convention, 1996 (No.
More informationBELIZE INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION CONVENTIONS ACT CHAPTER 304:01 REVISED EDITION 2011 SHOWING THE SUBSTANTIVE LAWS AS AT 31 ST DECEMBER, 2011
BELIZE INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION CONVENTIONS ACT CHAPTER 304:01 REVISED EDITION 2011 SHOWING THE SUBSTANTIVE LAWS AS AT 31 ST DECEMBER, 2011 This is a revised edition of the Substantive Laws, prepared
More informationTHE GRAM NYAYALAYAS BILL, 2008
i TO BE INTRODUCED IN THE RAJYA SABHA Bill No. XLVII of 2008 THE GRAM NYAYALAYAS BILL, 2008 ARRANGEMENT OF CLAUSES CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY CLAUSES 1. Short title, extent and commencement. 2. Definitions.
More informationPUNJAB STATE ROAD SAFETY COUNCIL RULES 2008
1 1. Definitions: PUNJAB STATE ROAD SAFETY COUNCIL RULES 2008 In these Rules unless the context otherwise requires, the following words shall have the meanings assigned to them namely:- a) The Council
More informationTHE KARNATAKA INDUSTRIES (FACILITATION) ACT,
1 THE KARNATAKA INDUSTRIES (FACILITATION) ACT, 2002 Arrangement of Sections Statement of Objects and Reasons Sections: 1. Short title and commencement 2. Definitions 3. State High Level Clearance Committee
More informationTHE HINDUSTAN TRACTORS LIMITED (ACQUISITION AND TRANSFER OF UNDERTAKINGS) ACT, 1978 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
THE HINDUSTAN TRACTORS LIMITED (ACQUISITION AND TRANSFER OF UNDERTAKINGS) ACT, 1978 SECTIONS 1. Short title and commencement. 2. Definitions. ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY CHAPTER II ACQUISITION
More informationTAMIL NADU BUSINESS FACILITATION ACT 2017
TAMIL NADU BUSINESS FACILITATION ACT 2017 AN ACT TO SUPPORT TAMIL NADU IN ITS ASPIRATION OF BEING ONE OF THE MOST PREFERRED INVESTMENT DESTINATION IN THE COUNTRY, BY ENSURING ADEQUATE INFORMATION AVAILABILITY
More informationGOVERNMENT OF WEST BENGAL LAW DEPARTMENT Legislative
THE WEST BENGAL COMMISSION FOR BACKWARD CLASSES ACT, 1993 GOVERNMENT OF WEST BENGAL LAW DEPARTMENT Legislative NOTIFICATION No. 427-L. 15 th March, 1993. The following Act of the West Bengal Legislature,
More informationTHE REPRESENTATION OF THE PEOPLE (AMENDMENT) BILL, 2010
1 TO BE INTRODUCED IN THE RAJYA SABHA 43 of 1950. 5 10 THE REPRESENTATION OF THE PEOPLE (AMENDMENT) BILL, 2010 A BILL further to amend the Representation of the People Act, 1950. Bill No. LVIII of 2010
More informationTHE KARNATAKA PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION (CONDUCT OF BUSINESS AND ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS) ACT, CHAPTER I CHAPTER II
THE KARNATAKA PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION (CONDUCT OF BUSINESS AND ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS) ACT, 959. Statement of Object and Reasons Sections:. Short title and commencement. 2. Definitions. ARRANGEMENT OF
More informationTHE METRO RAILWAYS (AMENDMENT) BILL, 2009
TO BE INTRODUCED IN LOK SABHA Bill No. 17 of 2009 THE METRO RAILWAYS (AMENDMENT) BILL, 2009 A. BILL to amend the Delhi Metro Railway (Operation and Maintenance) Act, 2002 and the Metro Railways (Construction
More informationJURISDICTION OF REGIONAL COURTS AMENDMENT ACT
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA JURISDICTION OF REGIONAL COURTS AMENDMENT ACT REPUBLIEK VAN SUID-AFRIKA WYSIGINGSWET OP REGSBEVOEGDHEID VAN STREEKHOWE No 31, 08 2 GENERAL EXPLANATORY NOTE: [ ] Words in bold type
More informationTHE TRADE UNIONS ACT, 1926
THE TRADE UNIONS ACT, 1926 1 [16 OF 1926] An Act to provide for the registration of Trade Unions and in certain respects to define the law relating to registered Trade Unions 2 [***]. WHEREAS it is expedient
More informationTHE PUNJAB INDUSTRIAL ESTABLISHMENT (NATIONAL AND FESTIVAL HOLIDAYS AND CASUAL AND SICK LEAVE) ACT, 1965 ( )
THE PUNJAB INDUSTRIAL ESTABLISHMENT (NATIONAL AND FESTIVAL HOLIDAYS AND CASUAL AND SICK LEAVE) ACT, 1965 (6.1 6.6) (Punjab Act 14 of 1965) TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Short title, extent and commencement. 2.
More information$~ * IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI REHABILITATION MINISTRY EMPLOYEES CO-OPERATIVE. versus
$~ * IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI + W.P.(C) 8444/2011 Date of Decision: 29 th September, 2015 REHABILITATION MINISTRY EMPLOYEES CO-OPERATIVE HOUSE BUILDING SOCIETY... Petitioner Through Mr.
More informationTHE PUNJAB CIVIL SERVANTS ACT, 1974 (VIII of 1974)
THE PUNJAB CIVIL SERVANTS ACT, 1974 (VIII of 1974) CONTENTS 1. Short title, application and commencement CHAPTER - 1 PRELIMINARY 2. Definitions CHAPTER - II TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SERVICE OF CIVIL SERVANTS
More informationNATIONAL MINIMUM WAGE BILL
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA NATIONAL MINIMUM WAGE BILL (As introduced in the National Assembly (proposed section 75); explanatory summary of Bill published in Government Gazette No. 41257 of 17 November 2017)
More informationTHE RAILWAY CLAIMS TRIBUNAL ACT, 1987 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY
SECTIONS THE RAILWAY CLAIMS TRIBUNAL ACT, 1987 1. Short title, extent and commencement. 2. Definitions. ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY CHAPTER II ESTABLISHMENT OF RAILWAY CLAIMS TRIBUNAL
More informationTHE PRIVATE SECURITY AGENCIES (REGULATION) ACT, 2005 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
SECTIONS THE PRIVATE SECURITY AGENCIES (REGULATION) ACT, 2005 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS 1. Short title, extent and commencement. 2. Definitions. 3. Appointment of Controlling Authority. 4. Persons or Private
More informationTHE TAMIL NADU GROUNDWATER (DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT) ACT, 2003
THE TAMIL NADU GROUNDWATER (DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT) ACT, 2003 (Tamil Nadu Act 3 of 2003) This document is available at www.ielrc.org/content/e0302.pdf An Act to protect groundwater resources to provide
More informationTHE WEST BENGAL LAND REFORMS AND TENANCY TRIBUNAL ACT, 1997 (WEST BENGAL ACT 25 OF
THE WEST BENGAL LAND REFORMS AND TENANCY TRIBUNAL ACT, 1997 (WEST BENGAL ACT 25 OF 1997) [Passed by the West Bengal Legislature] [Assent of the Governor was first published in the Calcutta Gazette, Extraordinary,
More informationINTERNATIONAL LABOUR CONFERENCE
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR CONFERENCE Convention 184 CONVENTION CONCERNING SAFETY AND HEALTH IN AGRICULTURE The General Conference of the International Labour Organization, Having been convened at Geneva by
More informationAN BILLE CAIDRIMH THIONSCAIL (LEASÚ) (UIMH. 3), 2011 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS (AMENDMENT) (NO. 3) BILL 2011
AN BILLE CAIDRIMH THIONSCAIL (LEASÚ) (UIMH. 3), 11 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS (AMENDMENT) (NO. 3) BILL 11 Mar a leasaíodh sa Roghchoiste um Poist, Fiontair agus Nuálaíocht As amended in the Select Committee
More informationTHE COAL MINES (NATIONALISATION) ACT, 1973 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
THE COAL MINES (NATIONALISATION) ACT, 1973 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY SECTIONS 1. Short title and commencement. 1A. Declaration as to expediency of Union control. 2. Definitions. CHAPTER
More informationACN CONSTITUTION. As at August 2018 S: _1 RRK
ACN 000 423 656 CONSTITUTION As at August 2018 Contents 1. DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION 4 2. OBJECTS 6 3. INCOME AND PROPERTY OF THE INSTITUTE 8 4. ADMISSION 9 5. INDEPENDENT MEMBERSHIP REVIEW PANEL
More informationTAMIL NADU GOVERNMENT GAZETTE
[Regd. No. TN/CCN/467/2012-14. GOVERNMENT OF TAMIL NADU [R. Dis. No. 197/2009. 2013 [Price: Rs. 8.80 Paise. TAMIL NADU GOVERNMENT GAZETTE EXTRAORDINARY PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY No. 310] CHENNAI, MONDAY,
More informationTHE KARNATAKA OWNERSHIP FLATS (REGULATION OF THE PROMOTION OF CONSTRUCTION, SALE, MANAGEMENT AND TRANSFER) ACT, 1972
THE KARNATAKA OWNERSHIP FLATS (REGULATION OF THE PROMOTION OF CONSTRUCTION, SALE, MANAGEMENT AND TRANSFER) ACT, 1972 Sections: 1. Short title, extent and commencement. 2. Definitions. 3. General liabilities
More informationKARNATAKA ACT NO. 45 OF 2003 THE KARNATAKA INDUSTRIES (FACILITATION) ACT, 2002 Arrangement of Sections
548 Sections: KARNATAKA ACT NO. 45 OF 2003 THE KARNATAKA INDUSTRIES (FACILITATION) ACT, 2002 Arrangement of Sections 1. Short title and commencement 2. Definitions 3. State High Level Clearance Committee
More informationTERMS OF REFERENCE FOR DIGITAL DZONGA, A COMPONENT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNICATIONS
TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR DIGITAL DZONGA, A COMPONENT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNICATIONS 1 Introduction The Minister of Communications ( the Minister ) intends to establish Digital Dzonga as a government
More informationINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS VOLUME 2 ISSUE 5
RIGHT TO JUST AND HUMANE WORKING CONDITIONS *Akanksha Moharir 1 INTRODUCTION What is justice under the labour law or what is the humane working conditions prescribed under it is the biggest question. Since
More informationThe National Minimum Wage: historical background
The National Minimum Wage: historical background Standard Note: SN06897 Last updated: 21 May 2014 Author: Section Doug Pyper Business & Transport Section This note provides an overview of the historical
More informationIN THE HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND AT RANCHI W.P. (C) No of Bokaro Steel Workers Union 2. N.M.D.C. Mines Workers' Union Petitioners
1 IN THE HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND AT RANCHI W.P. (C) No. 3996 of 2006 1. Bokaro Steel Workers Union 2. N.M.D.C. Mines Workers' Union Petitioners Versus Steel Authority of India Limited and others Respondents
More informationHARYANA BILL NO OF 2013 THE HARYANA REAL ESTATE (REGULATION AND DEVELOPMENT) BILL, 2013
HARYANA BILL NO OF 2013 THE HARYANA REAL ESTATE (REGULATION AND DEVELOPMENT) BILL, 2013 A Bill to establish the Haryana Real Estate Regulatory Authority for regulation and planned development of the real
More informationर ष ट र य प र तर रव न स
र ष ट र य प र तर रव न स NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF IMMUNOLOGY Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067 (Ph. No. 011-26171121-45 & 26717010-19) NIQ FOR Miscellaneous works in iron enclosures behind PRC at NII,
More informationReview of the UK's Tier 2 Routes for Skilled Migrant Workers
EMN ESRI Department of Jobs, Enterprise and Innovation Making labour migration work: Identifying skills shortages and attracting migrant workers as part of the solution Dublin, 27 November 2015 Approaches
More informationTHE INDUSTRIAL DISPUTES ACT, 1947 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
THE INDUSTRIAL DISPUTES ACT, 1947 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY SECTIONS 1. Short title, extent and commencement. 2. Definitions. 2A. Dismissal, etc., of an individual workman to be deemed
More informationTHE PLAY SCHOOLS (REGULATION) BILL, 2015
1 As INTRODUCED IN LOK SABHA Bill No. 42 of 2015 THE PLAY SCHOOLS (REGULATION) BILL, 2015 By SHRI MAHEISH GIRRI, M.P. 5 A BILL to regulate the functioning of play schools and for matters connected therewith
More informationPart 2 GAZETTE OFFICIELLE DU QUÉBEC, July 31, 1996, Vol. 128, No
Part 2 GAZETTE OFFICIELLE DU QUÉBEC, July 31, 1996, Vol. 128, No. 31 3411 NATIONAL ASSEMBLY SECOND SESSION THIRTY-FIFTH LEGISLATURE Bill 24 (1996, chapter 27) An Act to amend the Cities and Towns Act,
More informationTHE APPRENTICES (AMENDMENT) BILL, 2014
1 AS PASSED BY LOK SABHA ON 14.8.14 Bill No. 92-C of 14 THE APPRENTICES (AMENDMENT) BILL, 14 A BILL further to amend the Apprentices Act, 1961. BE it enacted by Parliament in the Sixty-fifth Year of the
More informationCYCLE RICKSHAW (Protection of Livelihood, Promotion of Sustainable and. Eco-friendly mobility) ACT, 2017.
CYCLE RICKSHAW (Protection of Livelihood, Promotion of Sustainable and Eco-friendly mobility) ACT, 2017. Act for the promotion of livelihood of cycle rickshaw pliers, encourage mobility of cycle rickshaws
More informationBare Acts & Rules. Hello Good People! Free Downloadable Formats. LaLas
Bare Acts & Rules Free Downloadable Formats Hello Good People! LaLas ACT 20 OF 2007 THE KERALA STATE COMMISSION FOR THE SCHEDULED CASTES AND THE SCHEDULED TRIBES ACT, 2007 An Act to constitute a Commission
More informationILO CONVENTION (NO. 81) CONCERNING LABOUR INSPECTION IN INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE
ILO CONVENTION (NO. 81) CONCERNING LABOUR INSPECTION IN INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE The General Conference of the International Labour Organisation, Having been convened at Geneva by the Governing Body of the
More informationTHE INSTITUTES OF TECHNOLOGY ACT, 1961
THE INSTITUTES OF TECHNOLOGY ACT, 1961 CONTENTS ACTS Chapter I Preliminary : Short title and commencement Declaration of certain Institutions as Institutions of national importance Definitions Chapter
More informationTHE PUBLIC LIABILITY INSURANCE ACT, 1991
THE PUBLIC LIABILITY INSURANCE ACT, 1991 No. 6 of 1991 [22nd January, 1991] MINISTRY OF LAW AND JUSTICE (Legislative Department) New Delhi, the 23rd January, 1991 Magha, 3, 1912 (Saka) The following Act
More informationAn Act to provide for efficient use of energy and its conservation and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.
MINISTRY OF LAW, JUSTICE AND COMPANY AFFAIRS (Legislative Department) New Delhi, the 1 st October, 2001/ Asvina 9, 1923 (Saka) The following Act of Parliament received the assent of the President on the
More information1. Short title, extent, commencement and application.- (1) This Act may be called the Apprentices Act, 1961.
APPRENTICES ACT 1961 THE APPRENTICES ACT, 1961 ACT NO. 52 OF 1961 1* [12th December, 1961.] An Act to provide for regulation and control of training of Apprentices 2*** and for matters connected therewith.
More informationWOMEN IN THE SEAFOOD PROCESSING SECTOR IN THE POST GLOBALIZATION SCENARIO- AN ANALYSIS
WOMEN IN THE SEAFOOD PROCESSING SECTOR IN THE POST GLOBALIZATION SCENARIO- AN ANALYSIS Nikita Gopal Geethalakshmi, V. Unnithan, G. R. Murthy, L..N. Jeyanthi, P. Central Institute of Fisheries Technology
More informationTHE BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS ACT, 1986
THE BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS ACT, 1986 No. 63 of 1986 [ 23rd December, 1986. ] An Act to provide for the establishment of a Bureau for the harmonious development of the activities of standardisation,
More informationCHAPTER FOUR MEDIA & JOURNALISTS. The Working Journalists and Other Newspaper Employees (Conditions of Service) and Miscellaneous Provisions Act 1955.
CHAPTER FOUR MEDIA & JOURNALISTS WORKING JOURNALISTS ACT The Working Journalists and Other Newspaper Employees (Conditions of Service) and Miscellaneous Provisions Act 1955. This Act is brought into existence
More informationAS INTRODUCED IN LOK SABHA
1 AS INTRODUCED IN LOK SABHA Bill No. 222 of 2017 5 THE REPRESENTATION OF THE PEOPLE (AMENDMENT) BILL, 2017 A BILL further to amend the Representation of the People Act, 1950 and the Representation of
More informationAn Act to regulate certain conditions of service of working journalists and other persons employed in newspaper establishments.
THE WORKING JOURNALISTS AND OTHER NEWSPAPER EMPLOYEES (CONDITIONS OF SERVICE) AND MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS ACT, 1955 ACT NO. 45 OF 1955 1 [20th December, 1955.] An Act to regulate certain conditions of
More informationTHE MAHATMA GANDHI NATIONAL RURAL EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE ACT, 2005 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
THE MAHATMA GANDHI NATIONAL RURAL EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE ACT, 2005 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY SECTIONS 1. Short title, extent and commencement. 2. Definitions. CHAPTER II GUARANTEE OF
More informationThe Uttar Pradesh Urban Planning and Development (Amendment) Bill, 2011 A Bill
The Uttar Pradesh Urban Planning and Development (Amendment) Bill, 2011 A Bill Page 1 of 21 Short Title Amendment of section- 2 of President's Act No.11 of 1973 as re-enacted and amended by U.P. Act 30
More informationTHE STATE BANK OF SAURASHTRA (REPEAL) AND THE STATE BANK OF INDIA (SUBSIDIARY BANKS) AMENDMENT BILL, 2009
1 AS INTRODUCED IN LOK SABHA Bill No. 113 of 2009 THE STATE BANK OF SAURASHTRA (REPEAL) AND THE STATE BANK OF INDIA (SUBSIDIARY BANKS) AMENDMENT BILL, 2009 5 A BILL to repeal the State Bank of Saurashtra
More information