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1 Date: Class: VIII Social Science Time:hrs M.M: 90 General Instructions:. All the questions are compulsory 2. Read the question paper carefully.. Attempt all parts of a question together. 4. Questions from serial numbers. to 9 are mark questions.. Questions 0 to 2 are marks questions. 6. Question 22 to 29 are for marks each. 7. Map question carries marks. After the failure of Permanent settlement, the British adopted new forms of land revenue settlement. Highlight the main feature of the revenue policy laid in North Western Province of Bengal. 2 How was Shah Bano s case instrumental in bringing amendment in the constitutional policy of India? Can you recall the reason for raising challenge for Pledge of Allegiance over the period of time, since the time it was introduced? 4 Think of an example from any part of India where the ideals of secularism were violated in the past. Define human trafficking. 6 State the provision made for Cultural and Educational Rights in the Indian Constitution. 7 Coal mining is banned in Mahan Forest of Madhya Pradesh. Give a reason. 8 What is rain water harvesting? 9 State the significance of technology in resource development. 0 Write any three causes for the Battle of Plassey.. If the economy was in ruins, could the Company be certain of its revenue income? Most Company officials began to feel that investment in land had to be encouraged and agriculture had to be improved. a. To overcome the problem discussed in above lines what method was introduced by the company? b. What terms were laid under this new system of revenue collection? 2 How did the mutiny transformed itself to a great War of Independence? There was a huge resentment among the Indian sepoys in the.british army. In this context analyse the causes leading to sepoy mutiny. +2= VIII B of

4 Constitution is important in the working of democratic country. Justify by giving few points.

Unlike the Western concept of secularism which means a separation of religion and state, the concept of secularism in India envisions acceptance of

In reference to the given context answer the following questions: a. Define secularism. b. Why is it important to separate religion from the state.

State the objective of passing this law and also mention the resistance faced by it. 7 a. The figure given above represents which house of Parliament b.

who is the current presiding officer of the house 8 List down any three important functions of Parliament 9 Study the given picture and answer the

2 4 Constitution is important in the working of democratic country. Justify by giving few points. Secularism in India means equal treatment of all religions by the state. Unlike the Western concept of secularism which means a separation of religion and state, the concept of secularism in India envisions acceptance of religious laws as binding on the state, and equal participation of state in different religions. In reference to the given context answer the following questions: a. Define secularism. b. Why is it important to separate religion from the state. 6 The new law was passed in France in 2004, which banned the students from wearing any conspicuous religious signs or symbols. State the objective of passing this law and also mention the resistance faced by it. 7 a. The figure given above represents which house of Parliament b. How are the members elected c. Who presides over the meeting of the house.who is the current presiding officer of the house 8 List down any three important functions of Parliament 9 Study the given picture and answer the questions which follow +2= +2= +2= =+= a..identify the type of soil conservation method shown in the picture. b. Explain any two causes for soil erosion. 20 What are human resources? How can we make them useful? 2+= 2 Differentiate between Biogas and Natural gas by giving few points. 22 The Company rarely launched a direct military attack on an unknown territory. Instead it used a variety of political, economic and diplomatic methods to extend its influence before +2+2= VIII B 2 of

annexing an Indian kingdom. a. Who were the Residents b. What terms were the terms laid under subsidiary alliance c. Why did the company resorted to direct military confrontation.

3 annexing an Indian kingdom. a. Who were the Residents b. What terms were the terms laid under subsidiary alliance c. Why did the company resorted to direct military confrontation. Give one example in support of your answer 2 Apart from nij cultivation there was another system of indigo cultivation. 24 a. Name it. b. Also list down the problems associated with it. +4= +2++ = a. Identify this great warrior. b. What made her the part of the great war of independence. c. How did she revolted in 87. d. Can you name any other ruler who was the victim of same grievance. 2 With the objective of transforming India into strong democratic society the framers of the constitution laid down some important features. List down and explain briefly these key features of Indian constitution. 26 The Indian Parliament enables its citizen to participate in decision making and control the government. In this reference answer the following questions: a. What is the need of parliament? b. The reservation of Dalits and women is important in India. Give reasons. 27 a. Man is the most important resource. Discuss by giving few points b. What is the role of man in sustainable development of resources? 28 Suggest few steps that can be adopted to the forest and wildlife resources 29 a. Differentiate between conventional and non conventional forms of energy b. How minerals can be conserved? 0 On a physical map of India locate the major centres of revolt during 87: i. Meerut ii. Lucknow On the same physical map of India locate the power stations of India: i. Tarapur ii. RanaPratap Sagar iii. Kaiga 2+= +2= 2 VIII B of

4 s.st Answer key, Class VIII, The new system was Mahalwari system.the estimated revenue of each plot within a village was added up to calculate the revenue that each village (mahal) had to pay. This demand was to be revised periodically, not permanently fixed. 2 The case pioneered the Muslim Women s fight for justice over right to claim alimony, which to an extent threatened the inclusion of personal laws in the Indian constitution. It says that there have been several legal challenges objecting to the phrase under God saying that it violates the separation between church and State that the First Amendment of the US Constitution guarantees. 4 Babri masjid demolition/ subsidies given when people go on Hajj The practice of the illegal buying and selling of different commodities across national borders. In the context of Fundamental Rights discussed in this chapter, it refers to illegal trade in human beings, particularly women and children. 6 The Constitution states that all minorities, religious or linguistic, can set up their own educational institutions in order to preserve and develop their own culture. 7 It has been banned as they were being booted out of their land 8 Rain water harvesting is the process of collecting rain water on the roof tops and directing it to an appropriate location where it is used for future use 9 Technology is the application of latest knowledge and skill in doing or making things. 0 The causes responsible for Battle of Plassey are: In 76, the Nawab sized the English factory at Kasim Bazaar and occupied Fort William, but Clive recaptured it. Mir Jafar wanted to dethrone the existing Nawab and enter into conspiracy against the nawab with the Britishers. Clive blamed the Nawab that the was conspiring against English with the help of French a. Permanent Settlement b. The terms were: i. The rajas and taluqdars were recognised as zamindars. They were asked to collect rent from the peasants and pay revenue to the Company. ii. The amount to be paid was fixed permanently, that is, it was not to be increased ever in future. It was felt that this would ensure a regular flow of revenue into the Company s coffers and at the same time encourage the zamindars to invest in improving the land 2 A very large number of people begin to believe that they have a common enemy and rise up against the enemy Sepoys mutinied in several places beginning from Meerut and a large number of people from different sections of society rose up in rebellion. After a hundred years of conquest and administration, the English East India Company faced a massive rebellion that started in May 87 and threatened the Company s very presence in India. +2=

5 Since the mid eighteenth century, Nawabs and rajas had seen their authority and honour. Residents had been stationed in many courts, the freedom of the rulers reduced, their armed forces disbanded, and their revenues and territories were taken away by stages. Many ruling families tried to negotiate with the company to protect their interests. Ex: - Rani Lakshmi Bai of Jhansi wanted the company to recognize her adopted son as the heir to the kingdom after the death of her husband. Nana sahib, the adopted son of Peshwa Baji Rao II, pleaded that he be given his father s pension when he later died. However, the company, confident of its superiority and military power, turned down these plans.. 4 Constitution is important in the working of democratic country because: It lays out certain ideals that form the basis of the kind of country that we, as citizens want to live in. A Constitution helps serve as a set of rules & the principles that all persons in a country can agree upon as the basis of the way in which they want the country to be governed. A Constitution defines the nature of a country s political system. The Constitution plays a crucial role in laying out certain important guidelines that govern decision making within these societies. Another important function that a Constitution plays in a democracy is to ensure that a dominant group does not use its power against other, less powerful people or groups. Constitution is to save us from ourselves. This means that we might at times, feel strongly about an issue that might go against our larger interests & the Constitution helps us guard against this.(any ) a. Secularism means giving equal respect to all religion in the country. b. it is important to separate religion from state because : it will help the country to function democratically it will end the domination of the majority. 6 The objective was to establish `non secularism./ not to give any space for other religion in their country This law was encountered by resistance from immigrants who were mainly from the former French colonies of Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco. In the 960s, France had faced a shortage of workers and, therefore, had provided visas for these immigrants to come and work in the country. The daughters of these immigrants often wear headscarves while attending school. However, with the passing of this new law, they have been expelled from their school for wearing headscarves. 7 : a. Lok Sabha b. Members are elected through direct elections. c. Speaker. the current speaker of house is Mrs Sumitra Mahajan. +2= +2= ++= 2

6 8. Introduction of new laws- it introduces new laws and changes the old ones. 2. Financial control over the government income- the introduction of budget which shows the income of the government and how it will be spent during a particular year.. Control over the executive- It keeps a check on the ministers and their work. They are questioned during the question hour or zero hour. 9 :a.shelter Belts. b. Causes of soil erosion:. Deforestation: Lack of permanent vegetation creates loose, dry, and barren soil that is perfect for wind transport. 2. Overgrazing: the cattles overgraze the land and expose the top soil. the soil is eroded either by the blowing wind or the running water or rain. 20 Human Resource refer to the number (quantity) and abilities (mental and physical) of the people. Though, there are differing views regarding treatment of humans as a resource, one cannot deny the fact that it is the abilities of human that help in transfering the physical material into valuable resource. We can make them useful by using, knowledge, skill and technology. 2 Natural Gas Bio Gas It is a conventional source of It is a non-conventional source of energy Natural gas is found associated with petroleum deposits. Used domestic as well as industrial fuel. Also as a raw material for fertilizer industry, power generation plants etc An exhaustible natural resource, found in India in Jaisalmer, Krishna Godavari basin, Off-shore areas of Mumbai, Tripura, Sunderban (WB) and Assam energy Organic wastes such as farm wastes, animal dung, kitchen and some human wastes are converted into a gaseous fuel which is called biogas. It is an excellent fuel for cooking and lighting. It is more common in rural areas. 22 a. Residents were political or commercial agents and their job was to serve and further the interests of the Company. b. Subsidiary Alliance-This was a hoax offer where the ruler was promised military help if he agreed to a few conditions of the British, like, the ruler having to pay for the British army, the interference of a British official called Resident, and through many more terms like this they gradually conquered the whole region. C They resorted to military confrontation because they were able to sense the threat to their political and economic interest..example-mysore wars with Tipu Sultan 2 a. Ryoti system b.. Under the ryoti system, the planters forced the ryots to sign a contract, an agreement (satta). At times they pressurized the village headman to sign the contract on behalf of the ryots. +2= 2+= +2+2= +4=

7 2. Those who signed the contract got each advances from the planters at low rates of interest to produce indigo. But the loan committed the ryot to cultivating indigo on at least 2 per cent of the area under his holding.. The planter provided the seed and the drill, while the cultivators prepared the soil sowed the seed and looked after the crop. 4. The planters wanted that the indigo should be grown in the best soil. 24 a. Rani laxmi Bai of Jhansi b. The Doctrine of Lapse was the main grievance. According to which if the ruler do not have natural male heir, their territory would be annexed. c. She joined the rebel sepoys in Jhansi, fought the British with Tantia Tope, the general of Nana Saheb d. Nana Saheb, adopted son of Peshwa baji Rao II 2 Key features are as follows: Federalism:this refers to existence of more than one level of governmentin the country. It follows three tier system, namely, centre, styate and panchayati raj Parliamentary form of Government: Under this constitution provides universal suffrage to all its citizen, that, they have diorect role in electing their representatives. Separation of power: There are three organs of the styae- legislature, executive and judiciary. The legislative body make laws, executive body looks into the implementation of law and judicial body make it sure that the rule of law stays equal for all. Fundamental Rights: Indian constitution gauarntees fewfundamental rights to the citizen of India. These rights are essential for welfare and development of the people.. Secularism: A secular is one which do not promote any one religion as the state religion. 26 a. The need for Parliament is for:. To elect the national government. 2. To control and inform the government.. For making different laws and resolutions b.. It has been observed that representative democracy cannot produce a perfect reflection of society. 2. There is a realization that when interests and experiences separate, then it is important to ensure that communities that have been historically marginalized are given adequate representation.. Similarly, it has more recently been suggested that there should be reservation of seats for woman. With this in mind, some seats are reserved in the Parliament for SCs and STs. (any 2) +2++= +2= 27 a. Man is a creator of resources. In fact, man acts both as producer and consumer of resources. As a producer of resource, man contributes his labour, mental and physical capabilities. He creates methods and technology to make labour more productive and to lessen the impact of resistances. He discovers new ways and invents new arts. b. The principle of sustainable development are as follows:- Respect and care for all forms of life 2+= 4

8 Improve the quality of human life Conserve the earth s vitality and diversity Minimise the depletion of natural resources Change personal attitude and practices toward the environment Enable communities to care for their own environment. 28 The steps that can be adopted to conserve forest and wildlife resource are- ) National parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves are made to protect our natural vegetation and wildlife. 2) Conservation of creeks, lakes, and wetlands is necessary to save the precious resource from depletion. ) Awareness programmes- like social forestry and Vanamohatasavashould be encouraged at the regional and community level. School children should be encouraged for bird watching and visiting nature camps so that they appreciate the habitat of varied species. 4) Laws- Many countries have passed laws declaring that the trades as well as killing of birds and animals are illegal. In India, killing of lions, tigers, deers, great Indian bustards and peacocks have been banned. ) CITES- An international convention CITES has been established that lists several species of animals and birds in which trade is prohibited. 29 a. Conventional Non Conventional The sources of energy which have The resources which are recently been in use for a long time developed They are exhaustible except water They are inexhaustible. (hydro energy) They cause pollution when used as Generally these are pollution free. they emit smoke and ash. b. Minerals can be conserved by the following ways: ) Reduce wastage in the process of mining. 2) Recycling of metals. ) Export of minerals should be minimum. 4) To save the minerals their substitute should be used. R Reuse, reduce and recycle +2= 0 a. Map a. MAP

Session: Class: VIII ( PRATIBHA )

Session: Class: VIII ( PRATIBHA ) Subject : Social Science Session: 2018-19 Class: VIII ( PRATIBHA ) FIRST TERM SYLLABUS (APRIL 2018 SEPTEMBER 2018) SUBJECT CONTENT ACTIVITIES LEARNING OUTCOME Social and Political Life Lesson -1 The Indian