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1 Sanctum English Editorial Class 29 th Nov Two New Course on Unacademy The Hindu Vocab Nov 18 PART 1- PART PART PART PART Cloze Test for SSC CGL PART PART PART PART PART 5- Cloze Test - The impoverished farmers who won a million hearts in Mumbai with their quiet (1) this summer are on the march again. They are now on their way to New Delhi to make their voice (2) outside national Parliament. The list of demands is a long one, which is not surprising given the intensity of rural distress. However, one of their demands shows why it is now time to (3) the right to property as a fundamental constitutional right. The farmers from Nashik district of Maharashtra have been demanding that the government should recognize their legal rights (4) the land they till. A friend from Nashik who works with farmers there told me that many of the protesters are tribals who have been cultivating land controlled by the forest department. The Forest Rights Act of 2006 seeks to correct a historical wrong (5) during the colonial era. The lack of land rights has ensured that generations of tribal cultivators have got a raw deal from governments as well as banks. Hence the demand for property rights from the marching farmers. 1. (a) feeling (b) dignity (c) presence (d) state 2. (a) loud (b) found (c) priced (d) heard 3. (a) change (b) renew (c) reinstate (d) modify 4. (a) for (b) on (c) over (d) through 5. (a) linked (b) surfaced (c) tied (d) cemented Parajumble A. The step, announced on Twitter, caused an explosion of public rage on social media, prompting the government to take notice and order a review. B. It said also that there is no charge applicable on web check-ins. C. IndiGo roused people on Sunday as it disclosed that all its passengers will have to pay extra for web check-in starting 14 November, and D. that passengers will not compulsorily have to pay for all seats but only those that come with extra facilities such as more legroom. E. that check-ins at airports will remain free. F. The airline, however, appeared to have backtracked a day later in the face of sustained public fury, saying it has not changed its web check-in policy, and Grammar Exercise All topics

2 51. Low-income families have a hard time. A) they buy enough meat B) to buy enough meat C) buying enough meat D) for buying meat. 52. He said that he the film the day before. A) would see B) has seen C) had seen D) saw 53. After Mohammed Ali an Olympic gold medal, he became a professional boxer. A) has won B) had won C) won D) was winning 54. A: It s too bad she s never worked in a real estate office. B: She worked in one, but it was just a summer job. A) has B) is C) was D) did 55. A: I m sorry that Sam hasn t learned to drive yet. B: He learned, but he doesn t like to drive. A) does B) have C) had D) has 56. If we don t hurry, the wedding before our arrival. A) took place B) will have taken place C) takes place D) should have taken place 57. In three years time, I my studies. A) will have finished B) finish C) will finish D) am finishing 58. They never the packages that they. A) had received / had ordered B) received / ordered C) received / had ordered D) received / has ordered 59. The secretary the office after she the letters. A) left / had typed B) had left / had typed C) left / typed D) had left / typed 60. For the past three days she in a bad mood. A) were B) have been C) was D) has been Common Error 1. The middle class is the cause, victim (a)/ and solution of (b)/ climate change and urban air quality.(c)/ No Error (d) 2. The continued debate on Delhi s air quality underlines that (a)/ we are dealing with the symptoms (b)/ and not the causes of the problem. (c)/ No Error (d) 3. It will not easy to raise interest rates (a)/ once central bankers have got (b)/ investors addicted to low rates.(c)/ No Error (d) 4. The stubborn entrenched problems (a)/ of licence, permit and inspection raj (b)/ continue to haunt small service enterprises.(c)/ No Error (d) 5. My colleagues and I at Centre of (a)/ Civil Society undertook a deep dive (b)/ into the realities of Doing Business in Delhi. (c)/ No Error (d) Phrase Replacement 1. Any eat house of Delhi faces cumbersome and often overlapping regulations. A. Many eat house into B. Any eating house in C. Any eat house in D. Any eating house of 2. The tenth anniversary of the Mumbai attack on 26/11 had had usual political response. A. had had the usual B. has had usual C. has had the usual D. has the usual 3. Mithali s omission from playing eleven in England triggered a controversy. A. from playing eleven against B. from the playing eleven against C. from the playing eleven in D. by playing eleven in Upper level Vocabulary Questions 1. Johnny very badly at Mary s birthday party. A) conducted B) behaved C) showed D) operated E) looked 2. Mr. Jones has painting since he retired.

3 A) taken up B) taken off C) taken over D) taken in E) taken down 3. How many does Peter learn at school? A) topics B) themes C) ideas D) subjects E) objects 4. It wasn t my that the plate broke. A) blame B) mistake C) error D) fault E) slip 5. Ask Joan if she would give me with the washing-up. A) a leg B) a hand C) a help D) an assistance E) an aid 6. The Browns anyone who hasn t much money as they have. A) look up to B) look away from C) look down on D) look out for E) look round at 7. Part of that electric plug is ; you ought to tighten it. A) safe B) loose C) free D) disjoined E) unattached 8. I m reading a book about of Shakespeare. A) the living B) the existence C) the way D) the life E) the road 9. Sally a little money every week for her holiday. A) puts in B) puts off C) puts by D) puts over E) puts upon 10. My brother has curly hair but mine is quite. A) even B) regular C) uneven D) level E) straight Dire Straits: On Russia-Ukraine sea clash Russia s capture of three Ukrainian naval ships and over 20 crew members in the disputed Azov Sea has refocussed international attention on the conflict on Europe s eastern corridors. The rapid escalation in tensions following the flare-up is evident. Kiev has declared martial law and demanded that the sailors be treated as prisoners of war. A court in Russian-annexed Crimea, meanwhile, has ordered many of them to be held in pre-trial detention, charging them with illegally entering its territorial waters. Ukraine insists that the patrol of the Kerch Strait, where the vessels were impounded, was authorised under a bilateral agreement with Moscow. A new bridge over the strait that connects mainland Russia with Crimea has raised concerns about Moscow s greater control and influence in the region. The latest incident coincides with the anniversary of the November 2013 Maidan Square protests in Ukraine demanding integration with Europe, which was the prelude to Russia s invasion of Ukraine s Crimea in The protracted conflict has so far claimed about 10,000 lives and displaced millions, and no lasting resolution is in sight. The Minsk peace accords prohibited air strikes and heavy artillery firing. But the dispute has dragged on into a smouldering low-intensity combat. The Ukraine-Russia conflict has also widened religious schisms. The independence granted to the Ukrainian Orthodox Church from the Russian entity in October was criticised by Moscow. In turn, the election this month of the legislatures of two breakaway enclaves of Kiev, with Moscow s endorsement, drew criticism from Ukraine, leading European powers and the U.S. as violations of the Minsk accords. There has been renewed Western diplomatic pressure since the weekend s skirmishes, with the UN Security Council and NATO calling on Moscow and Kiev to de-escalate tensions. But besides forcing Russian President Vladimir Putin to toughen his rhetoric vis-à-vis the big powers, the hardships from the economic sanctions since Crimea s occupation have achieved little by way of confidence-building in the region. European powers are divided between those advocating greater diplomatic engagement with the Kremlin and others wanting to press with further sanctions to punish perceived Russian political interference.

4 But there has been little appreciation of the provocation for Moscow from NATO s continued expansion into the former Eastern Europe and the erstwhile USSR. The geopolitical imperative of greater engagement with Moscow has never been more urgent, as hawks in the U.S. administration make no secret of their preference for confrontation over dialogue. The recent escalations could serve well the leaders of both Russia and Ukraine to divert attention from the sagging popularity levels at home. Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko faces a general election next year, which, it is widely forecast, he will lose. But the humanitarian situation arising from the continuing conflict brooks no delay in arriving at a speedy resolution. Daily Vocab The Hindu Editorial 29 th Nov Dire Strait: on Russia-Ukraine sea clash Dire Strait in a very bad situation that is difficult to fix म कल थ त Disputed to agree or disagree with sb about sth झगड व ल ब त Escalation to make sth more serious बदतर ह न Martial law when army takes control स नक श सन Annex to take control of a country क ज़ Impound to take sth away from sb, confiscate ज त करन Prelude an event that happens before another more important event भ मक Invasion the act of army entering another country by force आ मण Protract lasting longer that expected ल ब ख चन Smoulder to burn slowly without a flame बन लपट क जलन Schism strong disagreement असहम त Skirmishes a short fight छ ट झगड Hawks a person who supports the use of military force to solve problems स नक क यव ह समथक Sagging to become weaker ब र थ त Brooks to not allow sth न ह न द न What is it that binds the soul to body? Indic philosophy associates each body with the eternal soul. The Bhagwad Gita says, the soul is not cut by weapons, burnt by fire, dissolved by water or blown away by air. Just as a human being abandons a torn cloth and wears a new one, so does the soul; the soul abandons the worn out body and takes a new one, when the body dies. What binds the soul to the body? Soul is not a physical entity, like the body that as five elements; earth, water, air, fire and space. Earth represents the solid state of matter; water the liquid state; air the gaseous state; fire is energy; and space is where these elements operate. According to laws of physics, both matter and energy are indestructible and inter-transferrable. Thus when death comes, matter and energy are transferred to the surroundings, and the body does not remain as it remained before. A dead body does not have a soul. How does a living body embed a soul? Since different people behave differently, what has the soul to do with it? Since the soul is not a physical concept, the binding cannot be physical. Since it is the binding of a nonphysical soul to the physical body, the mechanism should be a judicious mix of both physical and non-physical means. Since different bodies behave differently, there cannot be a unique or universal mechanism to describe the binding. On the non-physical part, we can classify the binding broadly as saatvik, rajasik and tamasik. If saatvik, then the body shows saatvik characteristics purity, illumination, rigidity and elasticity depending on the circumstances, but not influenced by these, for the body controls these. If the binding is rajasik, it shows dynamism (motion), energy and strength, but controlled by these. All these traits have a motive behind them. The tamasik binding is the least strong. Here, the body shows inertness, darkness and weakness love for excessive mundane pleasures is the characteristic. Although these bindings are non-physical, their manifestations in the body, are physical. Thus there is a connection between spiritual forces and physical manifestations. These are the three spiritual states of the body. Just as matter and energy undergo transformations, these spiritual states can also undergo transformations. By diligence and practice, a tamasik body can acquire rajasik and saatvik states. Similarly, the saatvik and rajasik states can also be downgraded to a

5 tamasik state, if the internal strength of body and mind wanes. In addition to physical states, the body has two other important elements mind and ego. Ego is a negative quality for all states. But mind can be both positive and negative. A positive mind elevates the state and a negative mind degrades it. Strength and characteristics of a binding depend on the strength and characteristics of mind and body. An illumined mind is responsible for a saatvik state. Similarly an impure mind reflects a tamasik state. But keeping the mind under control is the toughest thing in the world. Nobody has complete control, but the effort for complete control itself can bring about the necessary changes in the nature of the binding. Both spirit and matter control life. The quality of life depends on both. But no quality is permanent; it undergoes transformations. It is good; for change is the law of nature. Idioms 1. Be all in To be very tired and unable to do any more I ve had six children to look after today and I m all in. 2. All singing, all-dancing Very modern and technically advanced She showed us the new all-singing, all-dancing graphics software she s bought for her computer. 3. In the altogether Naked He was just standing there in the altogether. 4. An ambulance chaser A lawyer who finds work by persuading victims of accidents to ask money He was a notorious ambulance chaser. He made millions out of other people s misfortunes. 5. Raise/up the ante To increase demands or risks to achieve a better result The government has upped the ante by refusing to negotiate until a ceasefire has been agreed.

Presto Academy Editorial Class 29 th Nov

Presto Academy Editorial Class 29 th Nov -------------------------------- Cloze Test - The impoverished farmers who won a million hearts in Mumbai with their quiet (1) this summer are on the march again.