Turkey Iran Iraq Israel/Palestine Lebanon Egypt Regardless of Country Heper 1985, Finkel and Sirman 1990, Sunar 1996

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1 Reading List for Middle East/North Africa, Comprehensive Exam in Comparative Politics Items in Roman text are required; items in Italics are recommended but optional. Full citations can be found on the second worksheet of this file. Updated December 2010 The State Identity, Ethnicity, Culture, and Religion Regimes and Regime Change Parties and Elections Turkey Iran Iraq Israel/Palestine Lebanon Egypt Regardless of Country Heper 1985, Finkel and Sirman 1990, Sunar 1996 Houston 2001, Yavuz Parsa 1989, 1991, Abrahamian 1993, Skocpol 1994 Keddi 1995, Brumberg 2001, Abdo and Lyons Heper and Landau Baktiari 1996, Moslem 1991, Kalaycioglu , Esmer 1995, Ozbudun 2001, Sayari and Esmer 2002, Rubin and Heper 2002, Angrist 2004, Mecham 2004 Farouk- Sluglett and Sluglett 2001 Baram 1991 Batatu 1978, DPWG Gordon 2008; Dowty 2001; Lustick 1995; Jung 2000; Barnett 1992 (skim) Yiftachel 2006; Tepe 2008 (parts about Israel); Harel-Shalev 2010; Avnon & Beziman 2010 Dowty 1999; Jones (Democracy under Occupation" & "Democracy under Occupation: Revisited"; Grinsberg 2010; Avishai 2002 Arfi 2005 (intro, Fahmy 2010; concl. Lebanon case Goldschmidt 2004; study); Maktabi Barnett 1992 (skim); 2000; Saouli 2006 Henry & Springborg 2001 chs 5 & 7 Kaufman 2004; Barak 2002; Johnson 2001; Faour 2007; Knio 2005 Harik 1995; Hudson; Huq (Lebanon chapter) 2007; Jabbra & Jabbra 2002 Wickham 2002; Shehata 2009; Ayubi 2009; Pratt Korany in Korany et al. 1998; Ibrahim 2002; Huq (Egypt chapter) 2007; Kassem 2004; Brownlee 2002 Anderson 1987, Khouri 1990; Ayubi 2006 chs 1-4; chapters by Harik, Slame, & Beblawi in Luciani 1990; Owen 2004 Ajami 1981, Kepel 2002, Wiktorowicz 2004; Sheehi 2004; Lewis; Hudson Schlumberger 2008; 2005; Brownlee 2007; Diamond 2008 ch 12; Brown & Shahin, eds. 2010; Posusney & Angrist 2007; Hashemi ; Diamond 2010 Korany et al. 1998, and Jamal 2002, Brumberg, Stepan and Robinson Regardless of Topic Keyder 1987, Ayata 1996, Ozbudun 2000 Arjomand 1988, 1997, Buchta 2000, Brumberg, Keshavarzian forthcoming Makiya/Khalil 1998, Tripp 2000, Dodge Richards and Waterbury 1996, Zakaria ; 2009

2 References Abdo, Geneive and Jonathan Lyons.. Answering only to God : faith and freedom in twenty-first-century Iran (Henry Holt) Abrahamian, Ervand Khomeinism. California. Ajami, Fouad The Arab Predicament: Arab Political Thought and Practice Since Cambridge UP. Anderson, Lisa "The State in the Middle East and North Africa," Comparative Politics 20:1 (October): Angrist, Michele Penner Party Systems and Regime Formation in the Modern Middle East: Explaining Turkish Exceptionalism Arfi, Badredine International Change and the Stability of Multiethnic States: Yugoslavia, Lebanon, and Crises of Governance. Arjomand, Said The Turban for the Crown. Avishai, Bernard The Tragedy of Zionism: How Its Revolutionary Past Haunts Israeli Democracy Avnon, Dan and Yotam Beziman Effective Plurality Despite Categorical Rigidity, in Dan Avnon and Yotam Beziman, Plurality and Citizenship in Israel: Moving Beyond the Jewish/Palestinian Civil Divide Ayata, Sencer "Patronage, Party and State: The Politicization of Islam in Turkey," Middle East Journal 50 (Winter). Ayubi, Nazih Overstating the Arab State Ayubi, Nahih N. M The Political Revival of Islam: the Case of Egypt, International Journal of Middle East Studies 12(4): Baktiari, Bahman Parliamentary Politics in revolutionary Iran (University Press of Florida). Barak, Oren Intra-Communal and Inter-Communal Dimensions of Conflict and Peace in Lebanon, International Journal of Middle Baram, Amatzia Culture, History, and Ideology in the Formation of Ba'athist Iraq (Macmillan, 1991). Barnett, Michael N Confronting the Costs of War: Military Power, State, and Society in Egypt and Israel Batatu, Hanna The old social classes and the revolutionary movements of Iraq : a study of Iraq's old landed and commercial classes and of its Communists, Ba?thists, and Free Officers. Princeton UP. Beblawi, Hazem and Giacomo Luciani The Rentier State. Croom Helm. Brown, Nathan and Emad El-Din Shahin, eds Struggling over Democracy in the Middle East Brownlee, Jason The Decline of Pluralism in Mubarak's Egypt, Journal of Democracy. 13(4): Brownlee, Jason Authoritarianism in the Age of Democratization Brumberg, Daniel "Dissonant politics in Iran and Indonesia," Political Science Quarterly 116:3 (Fall): Brumberg, Daniel.. Liberalization versus Democracy: Understanding Arab Political Reform, Middle East Working Paper Series, Democracy and Rule of Law Project, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, No. 37 (May ) (24 pp.). Available on-line at Brumberg, Daniel.. Reinventing Khomeini : the struggle for reform in Iran. University of Chicago Press Buchta, Wilfried Who Rules Iran? (Washington: Washington Institute for Near East Policy). Democratic Principles Working Group, Iraqi Opposition Report on the Transition to Democracy, Journal of Democracy 14:3 (July ): 13- Diamond, Larry The Spirit of Democracy: The Struggle to Build Free Societies Around the World Diamond, Larry Why Are There No Arab Democracies? Journal of Democracy 2(1): Dodge, Toby.. Inventing Iraq: the failure of nation-building and a history denied. Columbia UP. Dowty, Alan Is Israel Democratic? Substance and Semantics in the Ethnic Democracy Debate, Israel Studies 4(2): Dowty, Alan The Jewish State: A Century Later. Esmer, Yilmaz "Parties and the Electorate: A Comparative Analysis of Voter Profiles of Turkish Political Parties." In Cigdem Balim et al., edsl, Turkey: Political, Social and Economic Challenges in the 1990s. E.J. Brill. Fahmy, Ninette S (2010 edition preferred). The Politics of Egypt: State-Society Relationship. Faour, Muhammad A Religion, Demography, and politics in Lebanon, Middle Eastern Studies 43(6): Farouk-Sluglett, Marion and Peter Sluglett Iraq since 1958 : from revolution to dictatorship. I.B. Tauris. Finkel, Andrew and Nukhet Sirman, eds Turkish State, Turkish Society (Routledge, 1990)., Mark Joseph U.S. foreign policy and the Shah : building a client state in Iran. Cornell UP. Goldschmidt, Arthur Modern Egypt: The Formation of a Nation-State (2nd ed.) Gordon, Neve Israel s Occupation. Grinsberg, Lev Luis Politics and Violence in Israel/Palestine: Democracy versus Military Rule Harel-Shalev, Ayelet The Complexity of Majority-Minority Relations in Deeply Divided Democracies: theoretical and Comparative Perspectives, in Dan Avnon and Yotam Beziman, Plurality and Citizenship in Israel: Moving Beyond the Jewish/Palestinian Civil Divide Harik, J.P Democracy (Again) Derailed: Lebanon s Ta if Paradox, in Brynen et al, eds., Political Liberalization and Democratization Hashemi, Nader A.. Inching Towards Democracy: Religion and Politics in the Muslim World, Third World Quarterly 24: Henry, Clement M. and Robert Springborg Globalization and the Politics of Development in the Middle East. Heper, Metin and Jacob Landau, eds Political Parties and Democracy in Turkey (I.B. Tauris, 1991). Heper, Metin The State Tradition in Turkey. Eothen Press.

3 Houston, Christopher Islam, Kurds and the Turkish nation state. Berg Press. Hudson, Michael, Elements of Identity, in Hudson, Arab Politics: The Search for Legitimacy Hudson, Michael. The Problem of Authoritative Power in Lebanese Politics: Why Consociationalism Failed, in N Shehadi and D Haffar Mill L b A Hi t f C fli t d C Huq, Ataul Huq Political Economy of Development: A Comparative Study of Regime Performance Ibrahim, Saad Eddin Egypt, Islam and Democracy: Critical Essays, with a New Postscript. Cairo, Egypt: American University in Cairo Jabbra, Josphe G. and Nancy W. Jabbra Consociational Democracy in Lebanon: A Flawed System of Governance, in Jamil E. Jreisat, Governance and Developing Countries Johnson, Michael All Honorable Men: The Social Origins of War in Lebanon. Jones, Jeremy Negotiating Change: the New Politics of the Middle East Jung, Dietrich State Formation and War: The Case of Palestine. Kalaycioglu, Ersin "Electons and Party Preferences in Turkey: Changes and Continuities in the 1990s," Comparative Political Studies Kassem, Maye Egyptian Politics: The Dynamics of Authoritarian Rule. Kaufman, Asher Reviving Phoenicia: In Search of Identity in Lebanon Kepel, Gilles Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam. Trans. By Anthony F. Roberts. Harvard UP. Keshavarzian, Arang. Forthcoming. Elite Fragmentation in Iran: Contestation without Democracy, in Michele Penner Angrist, ed., [no title yet]. Lynne Rienner. Probably available from the author at <akeshava@alcor.concordia.ca>. Keyder, Caglar State and Class in Turkey; a Study in Capitalist Development. Verso. Khouri Tribes and State Formation in the Middle East Knio, Karim Lebanon: Cedar Revolution or Neo-Sectarian Partition? Mediterranean Politics 10(2): Korany, Bahgat, Paul Noble, and Rex Brynen Political Liberalization and Democratization in the Arab World: Comparative Lewis, Bernard, The Multiple Identities of the Middle East Luciani, Giacomo The Arab State, Ellen Structuring contestation in the Arab World: Incumbents, Opponents, and Institutions, Ellen and Amaney Ahmad Jamal "Rulers and rules: reassessing the influence of regime type on electoral law formation." Lustick, Ian Unsettled States, Disputed Lands: Britain and Ireland, France and Algeria, Israel and the West Bank-Gaza Makiya, Kanan and Samir al-khalil Republic of Fear: The Politics of Modern Iraq. U California P. Maktabi, Rania State Formation and Citizenship in Lebanon: The Politics of Membership and Exclusion in a Sectarian State, in Nils August Butenschøn, Uri Davis, Manuel Sarkis Hassassian, eds., Citizenship and the State in the Middle East: Approaches and Applications. Mecham, R. Quinn "From the ashes of virtue, a promise of light: the transformation of political Islam in Turkey." (Justice and Development Party (Turkey) Third World Quarterly 25:2 (April): Moslem, Mehdi Factional Politics in Post-Khomeini Iran. Syracuse U. P, Vali "Iran" in Jeff Kopstein and Mark Lichbach, Comparative Politics (Cambridge), Vali Forces of Fortune: The Rise of the New Muslim Middle Class and What It Will Mean for Our World Nikki R. Keddie Iran and the Muslim world : resistance and revolution. New York University Press. Owen, Roger State, Power and Politics in the Making of the Middle East Ozbudun, Ergun "The Institutional Decline of Parties in Turkey," in Larry Diamond and Richard Gunther, eds., Poltiical Parties and Ozbudun, Ergun Contemporary Turkish Politics (Lynne Reinner, 2000). Parsa, Misagh Social Origins of the Iranian Revolution. Rutgers. Posusney & Angrist, eds Authoritarianism in the Middle East: Regimes and Resistance Pratt, Nicola. Identity, Culture, and Democratization: The Case of Egypt Richards, Alan and John Waterbury A Political Economy of the Middle East (Westview) RK Ramazani's work in general is more on Iran's foreign relations. mined profitably). Saouli, Adham Stability under late state formation: The case of Lebanon, Cambridge Review of International Affairs 19(4): Sayari, Sabri and Yilmaz Esmer, eds Politics, Parties, and Elections in Turkey (Lynne Reiner) Schlumberger, Oliver Debating Arab Authoritarianism: Dynamics and Durability in Nondemocratic Regimes Sheehi, Stephen. Foundations of Modern Arab Identity (2004) Shehata, Dina Islamists and Secularists in Egypt: Opposition, Conflict, and Cooperation. Skocpol, Theda chapter on Iran in her Social Revolutions in the Modern World. Stepan, Alfred with Graeme B. Robertson.. An Arab More Than a Muslim Democracy Gap, Journal of Democracy 14:3 (July): 30- Sunar, Ilkay "State, Society, and Democracy in Turkey." In Wojtech Mastny and R. Craig Nation, eds., Turkey between East and West: New Challenges for a Rising Regional Power. Westview Press. Tepe, Sultan. Beyond Sacred and Secular: Politics of Religion in Israel and Turkey

4 Tripp, Charles A History of Iraq (Cambridge). Wickham, Carrie Mobilizing Islam: Religion, Activism, and Political Change in Egypt. New York, NY: Columbia University Press, Wiktorowicz, Quintan "Islamic activism and social movement theory," in Wiktorowicz, ed., Islamic activism : a social movement Yavuz, Hakan.. Islamic Political Identity in Turkey (OUP) Yiftachel, Oren Ethnocracy: Land And Identity Politics in Israel/Palestine Zakaria, Fareed.. The Future of Freedom: Illiberal Democracy at Home and Abroad New York: W.W. Norton, Chapter 4: The Islamic

5 Recommended by Robinson Anderson,, Robinson Anderson, Angrist,

6 Robinson Anderson, Robinson, Angrist Robinson Angrist

7 ,, Angrist