Nanosecond Pulse Stimulation in the Ni-H 2 System

Transcription

1 Nanosecond Pulse Stimulation in the Ni-H 2 System Francis Tanzella, Robert Godes, Robert George Presented at ICCF21 Ft. Collins, CO USA June 5, 2018 Brillouin Energy Corp SRI International

2 Outline Ø Controlled electron capture (CEC) concept Ø Earlier pressurized gas phase reactor results Ø New core designs and pulse stimulation methods Ø Updated isoperibol (IPB) calorimeter and methods Ø Results from IPB reactor/calorimeter Ø Summary and future work Ø Acknowledgements 2018 SRI International 2

3 Summary of Earlier Results Ø Over 100 experiments performed in up to ten cores Ø Excess power seen in Ni/H 2 gas phase system Ø Excess power has been shown to be reproducible and transportable Ø Pulsed axial pulses gave excess power in this system Ø Excess power depends on pulse repetition rate Ø Experimental conditions and results are consistent with CEC hypothesis Ø Changing pulse parameters yield % excess power and allows for switching power production on and off Ø Very dependent on material chemistry and morphology 2018 SRI International 3

4 Brillouin s 4 th Generation H 2 Hot Tube Cores Ø One example of a spray-coated core - some have more or fewer layers Ø Metal and ceramic coatings are porous Ø Pulse sent through outer Ni layer returns through inner Cu layer Ø Fast rise-time pulse current is primarily at Ni-Al 2 O 3 interface (skin-effect) 2018 SRI International 4

5 Brillouin s IPB Reactor Cores Stimulation and Measurement 250 V1 V2 I P Voltage/V or Current/A Power/W Elapsed Time/ns 2018 SRI International 5

6 Brillouin s IPB Reactor/Calorimeter Computer Interface 2018 SRI International 6

7 Brillouin s 4 th -Generation H 2 Hot Tube Reactor (Isoperibol ic ) Ø Heater inside or outside core Ø Thermocouple inside core Ø Ni-coated tube core Ø Core sheath inside steel block Ø 2 T inner sensors in steel block Ø Ceramic insulation with Ar flush Ø Al shell with 2 T outer sensors Ø Constant T flowing H 2 O Ø Pulses injected/returned at #15 Ø Ar flush outside reactor 2018 SRI International 7

8 Brillouin s Isoperibolic (IPB) Reactor Ø Static H 2 or D 2 gas on high-surface-area Ni inside sheath Ø Core temperature varied from 200 to 600 C Ø Outer block temperature held constant by constant T-flowing H 2 O Ø Core pulse power held constant at generator board or at core Pulse repetition rate changes to maintain constant input power at different pulse widths and/or amplitudes Ø Actual pulse power imparted to core is measured directly Ø Power compensation calorimetry Heater power changes to maintain constant core or inner block temperature Ø Constant heater power calorimetry 2018 SRI International 8

9 Brillouin s IPB Reactor: Operation Ø Operate in H 2 gas using automated sequence and low-voltage pulses (LVP) Vary temperature from 200 to 600 C in fixed intervals (50 C) Adjust repetition rate for constant pulse power at each temperature Ø Repeat in H 2 gas using automated sequence and high-voltage pulses (HVP) Ø Measure and record 57 parameters every 10 seconds Heater, pulse generator, and actual pulse powers All temperatures, H 2 O flow rates, and pressures H 2 and O 2 concentration outside reactor Ø Compare calculated output power or heater power compensation (HPC) with high-voltage versus low-voltage pulses Ø Occasionally compare HVP outputs to DC stimulation results 2018 SRI International 9

10 Brillouin s IPB Reactor: Calorimetry Steady-State Stimulation DH reaction = HPC(HVP) - HPC(LVP)!"# = DH reaction /DH LVP = (HPC(HVP) - HPC(LVP)) /DH LVP!"# = (HPC(HVP)/DH HVP )/(HPC(LVP)/DH LVP ) Model used for Dynamic Stimulation Calorimetry 1) Each binomial coefficient is found by fitting while using LVP stimulation 2) Power is calculated by applying those coefficients to outputs measured with HVP stimulation 3) Calculated power is divided by the input power in step SRI International 10

11 Brillouin s IPB Reactor: Results Heater Power/W or Temperature/ C Core Q Power/W Elapsed time/hour Heater Power Core Temp Core Q Power SRI International 11

12 Brillouin s IPB Reactor: Results SRI-IPB Q voltage (v) HPC/CoreQPow Q 250 C Q 300 C Q 350 C Q 400 C 2018 SRI International 12

13 IPB Reactor: Steady-State Stimulation Results Temperature/ C COP: IPB2-33 COP: IPB2-74 COP: IPB1-45 COP: IPB SRI International 13

14 Brillouin s IPB Reactor: Results 2018 SRI International 14

15 IPB Reactor: Dynamic Stimulation Results Temperature/ C Q REACTION /W COP using DS method COP using legacy method SRI International 15

16 Brillouin IPB Results Summary and Future Work Ø LENR reactions stimulated by electrical pulses on coated Ni powders Ø Experiments in H 2 or D 2 gas at C Comparison between heater-only power and heater and pulse power Ø Isoperibolic calorimeter operated in power compensation or constant power mode Ø Over 500 experiments performed on 100 different Ni-coated cores in six different reactors Ø COPs from 1.0 to 2.0 measured depending on stimulation conditions Ø No measurable consumables: Electricity in - Heat out Ø Core composition/metallurgy and pulse generation still being optimized Ø Calorimetry is regularly updated and improved 2018 SRI International 16

17 Acknowledgements Headquarters 333 Ravenswood Avenue Menlo Park, CA Additional U.S. and international locations Special thanks to: Mike McKubre for the calorimeter design; Roger Herrera, Jin Liu, Mike Beaver, and Dave Correia Thank You SRI gratefully acknowledges funding of this work from Brillouin Energy Corp. I will be leaving SRI International on July 31, 2018 I will continue working in the field New contact info: consulting@tanzella.name 2018 SRI International 17

18 2018 SRI International 18

19 Brillouin Hypothesis: Controlled Electron Capture Reaction Electron Capture Reaction 2018 SRI International 19