U.S. District Court Southern District of New York (Foley Square) CIVIL DOCKET FOR CASE #: 1:10-cv MGC

Transcription

1 US District Court Civil Docket as of 05/31/2012 Retrieved from the court on July 6, 2012 U.S. District Court Southern District of New York (Foley Square) CIVIL DOCKET FOR CASE #: 1:10-cv MGC The Police and Fire Retirement System of the City of Detroit v. Date Filed: 06/03/2010 Goldman Sachs & Co. et al Jury Demand: Plaintiff Assigned to: Judge Miriam Goldman Cedarbaum Nature of Suit: 850 Related Case: 1:08-cv MGC Securities/Commodities Cause: 15:77 Securities Fraud Jurisdiction: Federal Question Plaintiff The Police and Fire Retirement System of the City of Detroit Individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated represented by Lawrence Paul Kolker Wolf Haldenstein Adler Freeman & Herz LLP 270 Madison Avenue New York, NY Fax: LEAD ATTORNEY Michael Milton Liskow Wolf Haldenstein Adler Freeman & Herz LLP 270 Madison Avenue New York, NY (212) Fax: (212) LEAD ATTORNEY Denis Francis Sheils Kohn, Swift & Graf, P.C. One South Broad Street Suite 2100 Philadelphia, PA (215) Joseph C. Kohn

2 Kohn, Swift, & Graf, P.C. One South Broad Street Philadelphia, PA (215) Rachel Sharon Poplock Wolf Haldenstein Adler Freeman & Herz 270 Madison Avenue New York, NY (212) Fax: (212) William E. Hoese Kohn, Swift & Graf, P.C. One South Broad Street Suite 2100 Philadelphia, PA (215) V. Defendant Goldman Sachs & Co. represented by Christopher James Dunne Sullivan & Cromwell, LLP(NYC) Suite 2516 (212) Fax: (212) D. Andrew Pietro Sullivan & Cromwell, LLP(NYC) (212) x4950 Fax: (212) David Maxwell Rein Sullivan & Cromwell LLP 125 Broad St.

3 Fax: (212) Harsh Nayan Trivedi Sullivan and Cromwell, LLP(NYC) (212) Fax: (212) Matthew Alain Peller Sullivan & Cromwell, LLP(NYC) (212) Fax: (212) Maya Krugman Sullivan & Cromwell, LLP(NYC) Suite 2516 (212) Fax: (212) Michael Thomas Tomaino, Jr Sullivan and Cromwell, LLP(NYC) (212) Fax: (212) Richard Howard Klapper Sullivan and Cromwell, LLP(NYC) Fax:

4 Theodore Edelman Sullivan and Cromwell, LLP(NYC) (212) Fax: (212) Defendant Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company represented by Christopher James Dunne D. Andrew Pietro David Maxwell Rein Harsh Nayan Trivedi Matthew Alain Peller Maya Krugman Michael Thomas Tomaino, Jr Richard Howard Klapper Theodore Edelman Defendant

5 GS Mortgage Securities Corp. represented by Christopher James Dunne D. Andrew Pietro David Maxwell Rein Harsh Nayan Trivedi Matthew Alain Peller Maya Krugman Michael Thomas Tomaino, Jr Richard Howard Klapper Theodore Edelman Defendant Daniel L. Sparks represented by Christopher James Dunne David Maxwell Rein Harsh Nayan Trivedi

6 Matthew Alain Peller Maya Krugman Michael Thomas Tomaino, Jr Richard Howard Klapper Theodore Edelman Defendant Michelle Gill represented by Christopher James Dunne D. Andrew Pietro David Maxwell Rein Harsh Nayan Trivedi Matthew Alain Peller Maya Krugman Michael Thomas Tomaino, Jr

7 Richard Howard Klapper Theodore Edelman Defendant Kevin Gasvoda represented by Christopher James Dunne D. Andrew Pietro David Maxwell Rein Harsh Nayan Trivedi Matthew Alain Peller Maya Krugman Michael Thomas Tomaino, Jr Richard Howard Klapper Theodore Edelman Date Filed # Docket Text

8 06/03/ COMPLAINT against Daniel L. Sparks, Michelle Gill, Kevin Gasvoda, Goldman Sachs & Co., Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, GS Mortgage Securities Corp. (Filing Fee $ , Receipt Number )Document filed by The Police and Fire Retirement System of the City of Detroit.(ama) (ama). (Entered: 06/03/2010) 06/03/2010 SUMMONS ISSUED as to Daniel L. Sparks, Michelle Gill, Kevin Gasvoda, Goldman Sachs & Co., Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, GS Mortgage Securities Corp. (ama) (Entered: 06/03/2010) 06/03/ /03/ /11/ /11/ /11/2010 CASE REFERRED TO Judge Miriam Goldman Cedarbaum as possibly Related to 1:08-cv (ama) (Entered: 06/03/2010) Case Designated ECF. (ama) (Entered: 06/03/2010) CASE ACCEPTED AS RELATED. Create association to 1:08-cv MGC. Notice of Assignment to follow. (jnm) (Entered: 06/11/2010) 2 NOTICE OF CASE ASSIGNMENT to Judge Miriam Goldman Cedarbaum. Judge Unassigned is no longer assigned to the case. (jnm) (Entered: 06/11/2010) Magistrate Judge Gabriel W. Gorenstein is so designated. (jnm) (Entered: 06/11/2010) 08/31/ NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by Richard Howard Klapper on behalf of GS Mortgage Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks (Klapper, Richard) (Entered: 08/31/2010) 08/31/ NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by Michael Thomas Tomaino, Jr on behalf of GS Mortgage Securities Corp., Kevin Gasvoda, Michelle Gill, Goldman Sachs & Co., Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks (Tomaino, Michael) (Entered: 08/31/2010) 08/31/ NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by Theodore Edelman on behalf of GS Mortgage Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks (Edelman, Theodore) (Entered: 08/31/2010) 08/31/ NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by Harsh Nayan Trivedi on behalf of GS Mortgage Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks (Trivedi, Harsh) (Entered: 08/31/2010) 08/31/ RULE 7.1 CORPORATE DISCLOSURE STATEMENT. Identifies The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.. Document filed by GS Mortgage Securities Corp., Goldman Sachs & Co., Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Certificate of Service)(Klapper, Richard) Modified on 8/31/2010 (rdz). (Entered: 08/31/2010) 09/20/ STIPULATION AND ORDER: Defendants have authorized their counsel, Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, to accept service of the Complaint in this action, subject to and conditioned expressly upon the provisions of this stipulation. Defendants shall file their response (by motion, answer or otherwise) on or before January 19, (Signed by Judge Miriam Goldman Cedarbaum on 9/20/2010) (jfe) (Entered: 09/20/2010) 10/20/ NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by Christopher James Dunne on behalf of GS Mortgage Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks (Dunne, Christopher) (Entered: 10/20/2010) 10/20/ NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by Maya Krugman on behalf of GS Mortgage Securities

9 Corp., Kevin Gasvoda, Michelle Gill, Goldman Sachs & Co., Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks (Krugman, Maya) (Entered: 10/20/2010) 01/19/ MOTION to Dismiss the Complaint. Document filed by GS Mortgage Securities Corp., Kevin Gasvoda, Michelle Gill, Goldman Sachs & Co., Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks.(Trivedi, Harsh) (Entered: 01/19/2011) 01/19/ MEMORANDUM OF LAW in Support re: 11 MOTION to Dismiss the Complaint.. Document filed by GS Mortgage Securities Corp., Kevin Gasvoda, Michelle Gill, Goldman Sachs & Co., Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks. (Attachments: # 1 Certificate of Service, # 2 Appendix 1)(Trivedi, Harsh) (Entered: 01/19/2011) 01/19/ DECLARATION of Harsh N. Trivedi in Support re: 11 MOTION to Dismiss the Complaint.. Document filed by GS Mortgage Securities Corp., Kevin Gasvoda, Michelle Gill, Goldman Sachs & Co., Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Exhibit B, # 3 Exhibit C, # 4 Exhibit D, # 5 Exhibit E)(Trivedi, Harsh) (Entered: 01/19/2011) 01/19/ MEMORANDUM OF LAW in Opposition re: 11 MOTION to Dismiss the Complaint.. Document filed by The Police and Fire Retirement System of the City of Detroit. (Attachments: # 1 Appendix Appendix of Cases, # 2 Appendix 1, # 3 Appendix 2, # 4 Appendix 3, # 5 Appendix 4, # 6 Appendix 5, # 7 Appendix 6 (Part 1), # 8 Appendix 6 (Part 2), # 9 Appendix 7, # 10 Appendix 8, # 11 Appendix 9, # 12 Appendix 10, # 13 Appendix 11, # 14 Appendix 12, # 15 Appendix 13, # 16 Appendix 14, # 17 Appendix 15, # 18 Appendix 16, # 19 Appendix 17, # 20 Appendix 18, # 21 Appendix 19, # 22 Appendix 20, # 23 Appendix 21)(Kolker, Lawrence) (Entered: 01/19/2011) 01/19/ DECLARATION of Lawrence P. Kolker in Opposition re: 11 MOTION to Dismiss the Complaint.. Document filed by The Police and Fire Retirement System of the City of Detroit. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Exhibit B, # 3 Exhibit C)(Kolker, Lawrence) (Entered: 01/19/2011) 01/19/ CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE of Plaintiff's Memorandum of Law in Opposition to Defendants' Motion to Dismiss the Complaint, the Appendix to Plaintiff's Memorandum of Law in Opposition to Defendants' Motion to Dismiss the Complaint, and the Declaration of Lawrence P. Kolker served on Defendants on December 16, Document filed by The Police and Fire Retirement System of the City of Detroit. (Kolker, Lawrence) (Entered: 01/19/2011) 01/19/ REPLY MEMORANDUM OF LAW in Support re: 11 MOTION to Dismiss the Complaint.. Document filed by GS Mortgage Securities Corp., Kevin Gasvoda, Michelle Gill, Goldman Sachs & Co., Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks. (Attachments: # 1 Certificate of Service)(Trivedi, Harsh) (Entered: 01/19/2011) 02/17/2011 Minute Entry for proceedings held before Judge Miriam Goldman Cedarbaum: Oral Argument held on 2/17/2011. (mro) (Entered: 02/17/2011) 03/01/ TRANSCRIPT of proceedings held on 2/16/2011 before Judge Miriam Goldman Cedarbaum. (dnd) (Entered: 03/01/2011) I I 03/18/ TRANSCRIPT of proceedings held on 2/16/2011 before Judge Miriam Goldman Cedarbaum. (ja) (Entered: 03/23/2011)

10 03/24/ NOTICE of Withdrawal of Maya Krugman and Harsh N. Trivedi as Counsel. Document filed by GS Mortgage Securities Corp., Kevin Gasvoda, Michelle Gill, Goldman Sachs & Co., Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks. (Dunne, Christopher) (Entered: 03/24/2011) 03/25/ NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by D. Andrew Pietro on behalf of GS Mortgage Mortgage Company (Pietro, D. Andrew) (Entered: 03/25/2011) 03/28/ NOTICE of Defendants' Supplemental Authority. Document filed by GS Mortgage Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A)(Pietro, D. Andrew) (Entered: 03/28/2011) 03/30/ NOTICE of Response to Defendants' Notice of Supplemental Authority re: 22 Notice (Other), Notice (Other). Document filed by The Police and Fire Retirement System of the City of Detroit. (Sheils, Denis) (Entered: 03/30/2011) 03/31/ NOTICE of Corrected Response to Defendants' Notice of Supplemental Authority re: 23 Notice (Other), 22 Notice (Other), Notice (Other). Document filed by The Police and Fire Retirement System of the City of Detroit. (Sheils, Denis) (Entered: 03/31/2011) 03/31/ CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE. Document filed by The Police and Fire Retirement System of the City of Detroit. (Sheils, Denis) (Entered: 03/31/2011) 04/12/ NOTICE of Supplemental Authority re: 11 MOTION to Dismiss the Complaint.. Document filed by The Police and Fire Retirement System of the City of Detroit. (Attachments: # 1 Supplemental Authority)(Kolker, Lawrence) (Entered: 04/12/2011) 04/15/ RESPONSE to Plaintiff's Notice of Supplemental Authority. Document filed by GS Mortgage Securities Corp., Kevin Gasvoda, Michelle Gill, Goldman Sachs & Co., Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Certificate of Service)(Klapper, Richard) (Entered: 04/15/2011) 07/07/ NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by David Maxwell Rein on behalf of GS Mortgage Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks (Rein, David) (Entered: 07/07/2011) 09/13/ MEMORANDUM AND ORDER. Since it is impossible to tell from the face of the complaint how PFRS calculated its "loss," the motion to dismiss is granted with leave to PFRS to file an amended complaint by no later than October 20, 2011, setting out with specificity how it calculates its alleged loss of $165, The Clerk of the Court is directed to close the motion. Granting 11 Motion to Dismiss. (Signed by Judge Miriam Goldman Cedarbaum on 9/13/11). (This Order does not terminate case as per Chambers). (rjm) (Entered: 09/14/2011) 09/13/2011 Set/Reset Deadlines: Amended Pleadings due by 10/20/2011. (rjm) (Entered: 09/14/2011) 10/20/ AMENDED CLASS ACTION COMPLAINT amending 1 Complaint, against GS Mortgage Securities Corp., Kevin Gasvoda, Michelle Gill, Goldman Sachs & Co., Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks with JURY DEMAND.Document filed by The Police and Fire Retirement System of the City of Detroit. Related document: 1 Complaint, filed by The Police and Fire Retirement

11 System of the City of Detroit. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Exhibit 1, # 2 Exhibit Exhibit 2, # 3 Exhibit Exhibit 3)(pl) (Entered: 10/24/2011) 11/03/ NOTICE OF APPEARANCE by Michael Milton Liskow on behalf of The Police and Fire Retirement System of the City of Detroit (Liskow, Michael) (Entered: 11/03/2011) 12/16/ MOTION to Dismiss Amended Class Action Complaint. Document filed by GS Mortgage Securities Corp., Kevin Gasvoda, Michelle Gill, Goldman Sachs & Co., Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks.(Peller, Matthew) (Entered: 12/16/2011) 12/16/ MEMORANDUM OF LAW in Support re: 32 MOTION to Dismiss Amended Class Action Complaint.. Document filed by GS Mortgage Securities Corp., Kevin Gasvoda, Michelle Gill, Goldman Sachs & Co., Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks. (Attachments: # 1 Appendix)(Peller, Matthew) (Entered: 12/16/2011) 12/16/ DECLARATION of D. Andrew Pietro in Support re: 32 MOTION to Dismiss Amended Class Action Complaint.. Document filed by GS Mortgage Securities Corp., Kevin Gasvoda, Michelle Gill, Goldman Sachs & Co., Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Exhibit B, # 3 Exhibit C, # 4 Exhibit D, # 5 Exhibit E, # 6 Exhibit F, # 7 Exhibit G, # 8 Exhibit H, # 9 Exhibit I, # 10 Exhibit J)(Peller, Matthew) (Entered: 12/16/2011) 02/03/ MEMORANDUM OF LAW in Opposition re: 32 MOTION to Dismiss Amended Class Action Complaint.. Document filed by The Police and Fire Retirement System of the City of Detroit. (Attachments: # 1 Appendix Cover Sheet, # 2 Appendix Exhibit 1, # 3 Appendix Exhibit 2, # 4 Appendix Exhibit 3, # 5 Appendix Exhibit 4, # 6 Appendix Exhibit 5 - Part 1, # 7 Appendix Exhibit 5 - Part 2, # 8 Appendix Exhibit 5 - Part 3, # 9 Appendix Exhibit 5 - Part 4, # 10 Appendix Exhibit 6, # 11 Appendix Exhibit 7, # 12 Appendix Exhibit 8, # 13 Appendix Exhibit 9, # 14 Appendix Exhibit 10, # 15 Appendix Exhibit 11, # 16 Appendix Exhibit 12, # 17 Appendix Exhibit 13, # 18 Appendix Exhibit 14, # 19 Appendix Exhibit 15, # 20 Appendix Exhibit 16, # 21 Appendix Exhibit 17, # 22 Appendix Exhibit 18, # 23 Appendix Exhibit 19, # 24 Appendix Exhibit 20, # 25 Appendix Exhibit 21, # 26 Appendix Exhibit 22, # 27 Appendix Exhibit 23)(Kolker, Lawrence) (Entered: 02/03/2012) 02/03/ DECLARATION of Lawrence P. Kolker in Opposition re: 32 MOTION to Dismiss Amended Class Action Complaint.. Document filed by The Police and Fire Retirement System of the City of Detroit. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Exhibit B, # 3 Exhibit C, # 4 Exhibit D, # 5 Exhibit E, # 6 Exhibit F)(Kolker, Lawrence) (Entered: 02/03/2012) 02/03/ CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE of Plaintiff's Memorandum of Law in Opposition to Defendants' Motion to Dismiss the Amended Complaint, the Appendix to Plaintiff's Memorandum of Law in Opposition to Defendants' Motion to Dismiss the Amended Complaint, and the Declaration of Lawrence P. Kolker served on Defendants on February 3, Document filed by The Police and Fire Retirement System of the City of Detroit. (Liskow, Michael) (Entered: 02/03/2012) 02/07/ NOTICE of Supplemental Authority re: 35 Memorandum of Law in Opposition to Motion,,,. Document filed by The Police and Fire Retirement System of the City of Detroit. (Attachments: # 1 Opinion & Order)(Kolker, Lawrence) (Entered: 02/07/2012)

12 02/29/ REPLY MEMORANDUM OF LAW in Support re: 32 MOTION to Dismiss Amended Class Action Complaint.. Document filed by GS Mortgage Securities Corp., Kevin Gasvoda, Michelle Gill, Goldman Sachs & Co., Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks. (Klapper, Richard) (Entered: 02/29/2012) 02/29/ DECLARATION of D. Andrew Pietro in Support re: 32 MOTION to Dismiss Amended Class Action Complaint.. Document filed by GS Mortgage Securities Corp., Kevin Gasvoda, Michelle Gill, Goldman Sachs & Co., Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, # 2 Exhibit B Part 1, # 3 Exhibit B Part 2, # 4 Exhibit C Part 1, # 5 Exhibit C Part 2, # 6 Exhibit C Part 3, # 7 Exhibit D Part 1, # 8 Exhibit D Part 2, # 9 Exhibit E Part 1, # 10 Exhibit E Part 2, # 11 Exhibit E Part 3, # 12 Exhibit E Part 4, # 13 Exhibit E Part 5)(Pietro, D. Andrew) (Entered: 02/29/2012) 02/29/ AFFIDAVIT OF SERVICE of Reply Memorandum of Law, Declaration, and Supporting Exhibits served on Counsel of Record on 2/29/2012. Document filed by GS Mortgage Securities Corp., Kevin Gasvoda, Michelle Gill, Goldman Sachs & Co., Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks. (Peller, Matthew) (Entered: 02/29/2012) 04/10/ NOTICE of Supplemental Authority re: 35 Memorandum of Law in Opposition to Motion,,,. Document filed by The Police and Fire Retirement System of the City of Detroit. (Attachments: # 1 Supplemental Authority)(Kolker, Lawrence) (Entered: 04/10/2012) 04/12/ NOTICE of Response to Notice of Supplemental Authority re: 42 Notice (Other). Document filed by GS Mortgage Securities Corp., Kevin Gasvoda, Michelle Gill, Goldman Sachs & Co., Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Exhibit A)(Peller, Matthew) (Entered: 04/12/2012) 04/17/2012 Minute Entry for proceedings held before Judge Miriam Goldman Cedarbaum: Oral Argument held on 4/17/2012 re: 32 MOTION to Dismiss Amended Class Action Complaint. filed by Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, Daniel L. Sparks, Kevin Gasvoda, Goldman Sachs & Co., Michelle Gill, GS Mortgage Securities Corp. Decision reserved. (jfe) (Entered: 04/18/2012) 05/02/ TRANSCRIPT of Proceedings re: ARGUMENT held on 4/17/2012 before Judge Miriam Goldman Cedarbaum. Court Reporter/Transcriber: Michael McDaniel, (212) Transcript may be viewed at the court public terminal or purchased through the Court Reporter/Transcriber before the deadline for Release of Transcript Restriction. After that date it may be obtained through PACER. Redaction Request due 5/29/2012. Redacted Transcript Deadline set for 6/7/2012. Release of Transcript Restriction set for 8/3/2012.(McGuirk, Kelly) (Entered: 05/02/2012) 05/02/ NOTICE OF FILING OF OFFICIAL TRANSCRIPT Notice is hereby given that an official transcript of a ARGUMENT proceeding held on 4/17/12 has been filed by the court reporter/transcriber in the above-captioned matter. The parties have seven (7) calendar days to file with the court a Notice of Intent to Request Redaction of this transcript. If no such Notice is filed, the transcript may be made remotely electronically available to the public without redaction after 90 calendar days...(mcguirk, Kelly) (Entered: 05/02/2012) 05/31/ MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER # : re: 32 MOTION to Dismiss Amended Class Action Complaint. filed by Goldman Sachs Mortgage Company, Daniel

13 L. Sparks, Kevin Gasvoda, Goldman Sachs & Co., Michelle Gill, GS Mortgage Securities Corp. According to the complaint, PFRS sold its certificates on October 5, 2009, at a loss of $165, PFRS alleges that Defendants made numerous misrepresentations in the offering documents that created the impression that investing in the Loan Trust was less risky than it actually was. Defendants counter that PFRS suffered no injury because the 6A-1 certificates have made all scheduled payments, both during the time PFRS owned them and after PFRS sold. PFRS alleges that it suffered injury when the certificates were downgraded by the ratings agencies, thus making them less valuable. However, given that the certificates have never missed a payment and that the downgrade occurred during the midst of the housing crisis, this is not enough to show injury. PFRS has failed to allege that any of the misrepresentations specified in the complaint applied to the particular mortgages underlying the certificates it purchased. The motion to dismiss is granted with leave to PFRS to file an amended complaint by no later than July 9, 2012, setting out with specificity how the alleged misrepresentations made by Defendants affected the value of the particular certificates it purchased. The Clerk of the Court is directed to close the motion. (Signed by Judge Miriam Goldman Cedarbaum on 5/31/2012) (jfe) Modified on 6/5/2012 (ft). (Entered: 06/01/2012) 05/31/2012 Set/Reset Deadlines: Amended Pleadings due by 7/9/2012. (jfe) (Entered: 06/01/2012) Note: Links in this docket are stored in the PACER system ( Public Access to Court Electronic Records). PACER is a service of United States Judiciary. To view and retrieve the linked documents from PACER, you must be a registered user. To register, fill out one of the registration forms available on the PACER site. The United States Congress has given the Judicial Conference of the United States, the judicial governing body of the U.S. Federal Courts, authority to impose user fees for electronic access to case information. For more information visit the PACER site at