TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Table I: Summary of Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Cluster...

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5 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... 1 Table I: Summary of Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Cluster... 2 Table II: Summary of Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Appealing Organisation HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES BY CLUSTER Shelter Logistics Food and Nutrition Health Water and Sanitation Education Protection Camp Management Early Recovery and Reconstruction Information and Telecommunications ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES RESPONSE PLANS Shelter Cluster Objectives Logistics Cluster Objectives Food and Nutrition Cluster Objective: Health Cluster Objectives: Water and Sanitation Cluster Objectives: Education Cluster Objectives: Protection Cluster Objectives: Camp Management Cluster Objective Early Recovery and Reconstruction Cluster Objectives: Information and Telecommunications Cluster Objectives: iii

6 4.11 Safety and Security Objectives: Coordination Objectives ANNEX I. TABLE III: REQUIREMENTS, COMMITMENTS/CONTRIBUTIONS AND PLEDGES PER SECTOR25 ANNEX II. ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS iv

7 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY SOUTH ASIA EARTHQUAKE A 7.6 magnitude earthquake struck south Asia on the morning of Saturday 8 October 2005, totally devastating parts of northern Pakistan, India and Afghanistan. The epicentre of the earthquake was located 95 kilometres northeast of the Pakistan capital Islamabad. At the time of this update, the death toll in Pakistan alone stands at over 50,000 with 74,000 injured. Both these numbers are likely to increase. Since this appeal was issued on Tuesday 11 October field assessments have been analysed, operations commenced, and the scope and size of this disaster has became clearer: It has quickly become evident that this disaster is much larger than first assumed, hence the requirement to update this Flash Appeal. Following the earthquake, the Pakistani Government immediately mobilized its available resources, mounting massive search, rescue and lifesaving operations involving the Pakistani armed forces and thousands of volunteers who rescued many, many people. This was coupled with, and supported by, the relief efforts of the international community, which has concentrated initially on increasing the provision of aid, getting access to more people, as well as facilitating medical evacuation and the provision of camps for people who voluntarily move. Over 100 international organizations, including the United Nations, International Organisations, international Search and Rescue Teams, NGOs, EU, NATO and bilateral partners, immediately poured into the country and hundreds of thousands of metric tonnes of relief items have been donated. Helicopters, airlifts of tents, blankets, foodstuffs and medical teams have been arriving around the clock. Local, regional and global stocks of winterised tents were virtually exhausted within days. Yet, as each day reveals more acute needs, it is clear that the response provided so far is inadequate. Some seventeen days after the earthquake, the unfolding picture reveals levels of human and economic devastation unprecedented in the history of the subcontinent. The entire area of Pakistanadministered Kashmir and NorthWest Frontier Province (NWFP) is affected: hundreds of towns of villages have been completely wiped out, particularly around Muzaffarabad, Mansehra, Balakot and Batagram. The affected region, home to a population of 45 million, is situated on the foot of the Himalayas, with thousands of villages, individual hamlets and isolated settlements scattered over an area of 28,000 square kilometres. The earthquake destroyed most hospitals, schools, and government buildings and communications and killed many of the government officials needed for the immediate response. Access to the people in need is a major concern. The majority of roads and bridges were destroyed, not just blocked, and the subsequent 900 aftershocks have caused numerous landslides. These have blocked remaining roads, cutting all access to some areas. As a result, thousands of people have been cut off in several mountain valleys and have still not been reached. Tens of thousands of injured have not been treated as yet, and their injuries, although treatable, are likely to prove fatal if people are not reached within days. Only a few weeks remain before winter arrives. Thousands of injured, dehydrated and undernourished survivors, sheltering in the fields in makeshift shelters or in the open air in temperatures below zero, are likely to die unless they can be reached before the harsh winter starts. Pakistan and the global community are facing a challenge of colossal proportions. The combination of rapidly deteriorating weather conditions, the extraordinary logistical challenges in reaching hundreds of thousands of people scattered in mountainous areas, and the lack of winterised shelter, all indicate that the worst case scenario: many more thousands dead might become a realty. The current death toll of about 50,000 could double if aid immediately is not mobilized and delivered to the thousands scattered in the mountainous areas. By 25 October, US$ 68 million had been committed to the UN and its partners and a further US$ 35 million had been pledged. The latest estimates indicate that over 2 million people require lifesaving assistance of winterised shelter, medical care, food, water and sanitation facilities, with only a small proportion so far adequately covered. Logistics resources are paramount to ensure delivery of those relief items. Camp establishment and management will also be critical to house the millions of homeless. All these must be treated as equal priorities. It will also be imperative to identify and address the needs of vulnerable and disadvantaged groups. 1

8 In close coordination with the Government of Pakistan, and based on reports and assessments from the cluster groups and other partners, the Flash Appeal now requires US$ 549,585,941, for six months. 67% of the increase in requirements originally cited in the Flash Appeal issued on 11 October 2005 is due to the extraordinary logistical challenges imposed by the terrain. The provision of air support is required now to move aid to people in need before winter. Inkind logistical contributions (air support, trucks, etc) put at the disposal of the UN operation will be counted against the appeal, reducing the unmet cash requirements accordingly. Table I: Summary of Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Cluster Table I: South Asia Earthquake Flash Appeal 2005 Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Cluster as of 25 October Cluster Original Requirements Revised Requirements Commitments/ Contributions % Covered Unmet Requirements Uncommitted Pledges US$ US$ US$ US$ US$ Coordination 4,100,000 11,900,000 2,750, % 9,149, ,895 Education 14,800,000 * 29,200, , % 28,599,039 0 Early Reconstruction and Recovery 27,000,000 39,000, % 39,000,000 0 Food and Nutrition 76,700,000 85,270,000 2,500, % 82,770,000 4,946,357 Health 28,220,000 55,380,000 1,628, % 53,751, ,910 Information and Telecommunications 3,050,000 3,195, % 3,195,941 0 Logistics 35,830, ,460,000 9,793, % 127,666, ,000 Camp Management 22,000,000 30,000,000 1,323, % 28,676,585 2,570,694 Protection 10,000,000 20,400, % 20,400,000 0 Safety and Security 1,176,000 1,180, % 1,180,000 0 Shelter 60,750,000 95,000,000 1,500, % 93,500, ,031 Water and Sanitation 28,250,000 41,600,000 2,000, % 39,600,000 0 Unearmarked funding (awaiting allocation by agencies to specific projects) ,781,383 45,781,383 18,189,009 Grand Total 311,876, ,585,941 67,878, % 481,707,666 27,946,896 * Originally combined with protection (Note: summary of requirements and funding to date per standard Appeal sector appear in Annex I.) 2

9 Table II: Summary of Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Appealing Organisation Table II: South Asia Earthquake Flash Appeal 2005 Requirements, Commitments/Contributions and Pledges per Appealing Organisation as of 25 October Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by Donors and Appealing Organisations APPEALING ORGANISATION Original Revised Commitments, % Requirements Requirements Contributions, Covered Unmet Requirements Uncommitted Pledges Values in US$ A B C C/B BC D AAI 850,000 0% 850,000 ACF/USA 1,000,000 0% 1,000,000 AKF 110,000 0% 110,000 CRS 800,000 0% 800,000 FAO 14,200,000 25,000,000 0% 25,000,000 Greenstar Marketing 1,000,000 0% 1,000,000 ILO 3,000,000 5,000,000 0% 5,000,000 IOM 20,000,000 60,500,000 7,670,209 13% 52,829,791 2,403,846 IRC 1,500,000 0% 1,500,000 ISCOS 850,000 0% 850,000 ISDR 1,000,000 0% 1,000,000 MCI 500,000 0% 500,000 MDM 500,000 0% MERLIN 850,000 0% 850,000 OCHA 2,750,000 4,900,000 2,750,087 56% 2,149, ,895 OHCHR 200,000 0% 200,000 SC Alliance 720,000 8,030,000 0% 8,030, ,910 UN Agencies and NGOs (details not yet provided) 0% 5,719,155 UNAIDS 500, ,000 0% 500,000 UNDP 71,000,000 90,750,000 3,856,041 4% 86,893,959 3,523,839 UNDSS (previously UNSECOORD) 1,176,000 1,180,000 0% 1,180,000 UNEP 500, ,000 0% 500,000 UNESCO 800,000 1,300,000 0% 1,300,000 UNFPA 3,200,000 9,300, ,962 6% 8,699,038 UNHABITAT 5,000, ,000 0% 650,000 UNHCR 22,000,000 30,000,000 1,323,415 4% 28,676,585 2,570,694 UNICEF 59,350,000 92,564,274 24,904,886 27% 67,659,388 1,034,181 WFP 88,630, ,901,667 17,105,746 9% 164,795,921 9,165,417 WHO 17,200,000 27,750,000 9,243,200 33% 18,506,800 2,307,959 WV 1,350,000 1,100, ,729 39% 676,271 GRAND TOTAL 311,876, ,585,941 67,878,275 12% 481,707,666 27,946,896 Pledge: Commitment: Contribution: a nonbinding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed). creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed. the actual payment of funds or transfer of inkind goods from the donor to the recipient entity. The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 25 October For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service ( 3

10 2. HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES BY CLUSTER Summary As each day goes by the situation becomes clearer: This earthquake has had a catastrophic impact on the region, with humanitarian consequences being far larger than imagined. At first the humanitarian community estimated an affected population of four million of which one million were severely affected and hence in need of urgent assistance. As assessment material has been gathered, the numbers of severely affected are now estimated to range from 1.6 million to nearly 2 million, depending on the needs for each cluster. In addition, the Government and humanitarian community have cooperated and worked much closer together, sharing information, to reach these mutuallyagreed casualty figures which are much higher than in the original Flash Appeal: hence it has become necessary to update the figures for both populations and needs used in the Flash Appeal, based on greater knowledge, more cooperation between actors, and a better understanding of the particular difficulties of the operation. Financial requirements have almost doubled, with the most substantial increases being for logistics, shelter and health. The requirements for the food and nutrition cluster are similarly likely to increase when the results of the current Joint WFP/UNICEF Rapid Emergency Food Security and Nutrition Assessment are available. Cluster Original Requirements Revised Requirements US$ US$ Shelter 60,750,000 95,000,000 Logistics 35,830, ,460,000 Food and Nutrition 62,500,000 85,270,000 Health 28,220,000 55,380,000 Water and Sanitation 28,250,000 41,600,000 Education Originally combined with Protection 29,200,000 Protection 10,000,000 20,400,000 Camp Management 22,000,000 30,000,000 Early Reconstruction and Recovery 56,000,000 39,000,000 Information and Telecommunications 3,050,000 3,195,941 Safety and Security 1,176,000 1,180,000 Coordination 4,100,000 11,900,000 TOTAL: 311,876, ,585,941 (Note: summary of requirements and funding to date per standard Appeal sector appear in Annex I.) The increased awareness of the humanitarian consequences of this devastating natural disaster, the numbers of people struck and their particular needs have been reflected in the updated response plans prepared by the cluster groups. The overarching priorities continue to be: reaching the people in need; providing assistance to ensure survival; protecting and assisting the most vulnerable; and supporting early recovery and reconstruction. This is reflected in the brief summaries below. 2.1 SHELTER Winterized Shelter must be urgently provided for up to three million homeless people. Winterized tents continue to be required, and all viable alternatives are being explored to provide sustainable solutions to the shelter crisis. This emergency requires the exploration of multiple and creative options to respond to the shelter needs in an extremely difficult environment. In addition to the 122,000 tents already provided and the 194,000 currently in the pipeline, assessments indicate requirements of up to 210,000 more tents/shelters. In brief, even considering what has already been delivered or is in the pipeline, up to 1.5 million people face winter without emergency shelter of any kind. 2.2 LOGISTICS Achieving access to the affected populations remains a major concern, and approaching winter makes this especially urgent. The logistics cluster seeks to ensure that an integrated supply chain service is available to all humanitarian actors. The World Food Programme (WFP), as the lead logistics agency, will provide basic camp support for humanitarian personnel in the Forward Operating Bases, erect 4

11 temporary warehouses and provide transport capacity for the storage and transit of relief aid. WFP is establishing the United Nations Humanitarian Air Service (UNHAS) to provide essential air cargo and passenger services utilizing MI8 and MI26 helicopters for six months. The cluster members will provide dedicated trucks and facilitate commercial transport contracting for the delivery of relief cargo. Through the Joint Logistics Centre (UNJLC), the cluster aims to establish and maintain a cargo priority and tracking system; solicit, coordinate, and prioritize requirements for air transportation; establish and maintain logistics coordination capabilities at six Forward Operating Bases; in conjunction with Humanitarian Information Centre (HIC) to establish and maintain logistics All Source Information System; establish liaison with governmental and military partners; undertake infrastructure assessments, collate and disseminate essential logistics information; and to facilitate the establishment of surface and air corridors and deconflict with military/civilian entities. The significantly increased amount requested to cover logistic needs in the response plans reflects the challenges faced in accessing populations as quickly and effectively as possible. 2.3 FOOD AND NUTRITION The earthquake either destroyed household food and seed stocks or impeded access. It is known that at least 1.6 million people are food insecure and in need of emergency food assistance. An interagency food needs assessment will provide more precise data on 26 October. In the meantime, there is an urgent need and a short window of opportunity to mobilize and 'preposition' food in strategic locations prior to the onset of winter when access to food insecure communities will be further impeded by snow. There is concern that vulnerable populations will be susceptible to acute malnutrition and nutritionrelated diseases unless their minimum food requirements are met with emergency food assistance and micronutrients. The response plan reflects the original estimate for only the immediate needs for food and provides for relief distributions for up to one million people. This figure could well be revised based on the results of further assessments. The response plan also includes revised requirements based on new information, for seeds, fertilizer, animal feed and tools, needed to protect livelihoods for affected farmers through replenishment of depleted assets. Actions will also include local capacity reinforcement (local NGOs and extension health and nutrition workers) to reach people to whom access has not yet been possible and to scale up nutrition activities on the ground in prevention to the acute malnutrition expected with the onset of winter. 2.4 HEALTH Situation in the health cluster: The earthquake destroyed approximately 70% of the health facilities present in the area, and led to the death of many of the health workforce. In addition, it left more than 75,000 injured people in need of urgent medical or surgical care. National and international field hospitals and referral regional hospitals dealt with these tremendous challenges in the last two weeks, but a lot remains to be done. Over two weeks after the earthquake, several affected areas have neither been assessed nor reached. The present health risks stem from inadequate shelter conditions, lack of safe drinking water and poor sanitation. In addition to these health risks, there is the threat of disease outbreaks, the collapse of the health system, and the psychological trauma of losing loved ones or being injured in the earthquake. This situation demands from the health sector agencies, whether governmental, UN or NGOs, to boost emergency health care services, strengthen the early warning disease surveillance and response system, and to resume primary health care and hospital referral services. To cover the gaps created by the death and displacement of health professionals, more than 500 national civilian and military health staff and more than 800 health staff from the international community have been mobilised. The objectives of the health cluster are presented at the beginning of the related section. 2.5 WATER AND SANITATION The earthquake devastated water and sanitation systems. In the urban areas all water and sewage networks have been destroyed and in several cases the treatment plants have also been severely damaged. Rural communities largely depended on gravity flow schemes and while the sources remain intact, the networks have been destroyed. Communities that cannot easily reach the source have migrated down into valleys. As a result, virtually the entire affected population is currently drinking contaminated water. A similar level of disruption has occurred with sanitation. Where a house has been destroyed, the sanitation facility has also been lost. The networks of the few sewage systems in 5

12 the affected areas have also been destroyed and the large numbers of people who have migrated in search of food or water are also with out sanitation. This places an exceptional burden on women who now, due to the local culture, can only defecate after dark. A lack of water, soap and privacy has also greatly reduced levels of hygiene. The very highest priority at the moment is for those severely affected people, up to 250,000, who will soon be cut off by the snow. The next highest priority, given the high density of populations, will be those who have settled in camps including spontaneous settlements, a number that could be as high as 500,000. In urban areas, this cluster is also prioritizing the repair and rehabilitation of water and sanitation infrastructure in order to restore services as quickly as possible. 2.6 EDUCATION The education cluster aims to ensure that all schoolchildren affected by the earthquake have access to education activities and are back into an initial rapid education programme as soon as possible. This will give the entire family some sense of a gradual return to normalcy in a protective environment. It also plans to ensure that all teachers working with earthquakeaffected children have received initial necessary basic training to address earthquakerelated trauma through provision of teacher training and support services, including psychosocial support for teachers from affected schools. Some 790,000 children aged between 518 years are estimated to have been affected by the earthquake and 10,000 schools to have been damaged or destroyed. Assessments undertaken with the Ministry of Education have highlighted the needs for tents for temporary school structures, text books and 'School in a Box' supplies, as well as training for some 25,000 teachers, to support the early return to education activities. Teachers and children will be provided with psychosocial support jointly with child protection. 2.7 PROTECTION The protection cluster seeks to prevent the separation of women and children from their families, to reunify separated family members and to provide short to longterm care and protection alternatives to separated children. Tracing children separated from their families is already underway and this cluster, in conjunction with the Ministry of Social Welfare, seeks to address the needs of the most vulnerable including orphans. There is a real need to support communities in relation to Genderbased Violence, both to raise awareness on gender equality, monitor incidents of violence, put in place appropriate preventative measures and, where necessary, provide suitable care. The earthquake has rendered a large number of parents without a partner or a traditional support, and they now have a changed role that requires special protection and psychosocial support. It is imperative that human rights considerations are integrated into all phases of the disaster response from the initial emergency relief stage to recovery and reconstruction. Early steps to incorporate human rights protection into the relief and recovery operations from the outset will contribute towards a more equitable, effective and sustainable reconstruction process in the long term. Protection and Education were initially combined as a single cluster in the initial Flash Appeal, but separate Clusters have now been established to allow concentration on a broader range of needs. 2.8 CAMP MANAGEMENT The camp management cluster faces the double challenge of supporting the informal and temporary settlements as they are spontaneously being established by the people coming from the mountains, and, at the same time, identifying sites and planning for secure formal camps in the scarce flat land areas. The cluster estimates that camps for 500,000 people need to be planned. The immediate objectives are to identify spontaneous camps, and ensure adequate standards and camp management in cooperation with other clusters. 2.9 EARLY RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION The early reconstruction and recovery cluster recognises that, even as the Government and humanitarian community responds to the immediate relief needs, some preliminary recovery activities can be undertaken to clear the debris resulting from the earthquake, and reconstruct and rehabilitate essential infrastructure, including assessing the impact of the earthquake on education and health and initiating recovery. An important element of this response plan is the restoration of livelihoods. Complementary recovery and livelihoodrelated activities have also been identified by other cluster 6

13 groups, in relation to food security, for example, through the provision of agricultural inputs, and are reflected under the most relevant cluster INFORMATION AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS The information and telecommunications cluster aims to establish communication networks for new United Nations offices being established to facilitate relief operations. The objective of the project is to upgrade staff and maintain the existing interagency communications necessary for coordination and operational management. It also aims at harmonizing the activities between the humanitarian community and Government counterparts to ensure effective communications while avoiding duplication of systems and maximizing the use of local telecommunications resources. The cluster seeks to ensure the implementation of a security communications network and provision of the data services for UN agencies in support of the humanitarian missions. Initial planning is to establish six UN hubs. Based on reports from the main clusters, this Flash Appeal now requires US$ 549,585,941 for six months. At the time of writing, even though the disaster occurred seventeen days ago, access to thousands of people affected by the earthquake remains the biggest obstacle of the relief operation. Consequently, the projects contained in this Flash Appeal continue to focus on lifesaving activities and sustaining relief operations for up to 6 months. The projects will be further adjusted and include more focus on recovery in the near future as more precise information is available. A number of assessments are already underway in this respect. 7

14 3. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES SOUTH ASIA EARTHQUAKE Response Coordination The response to this disaster is being coordinated closely with the Government of Pakistan, which is playing a key role in leading and supporting the relief and recovery effort at capital and provincial level. The cluster Groups include representatives of, and liaise closely, with the relevant line Ministries, whose officials actively participate in both assessments and response planning. This has been facilitated in some areas, such as health, where close working relationships and cooperation had been developed before this disaster occurred. The humanitarian coordination structures established immediately after the earthquake by the UN Disaster Assessment and Coordination (UNDAC) Team in support of the Resident Coordinator included the Reception Centre at Islamabad Airport for incoming SAR teams and relief organizations, setting up the Emergency Coordination Centre in Islamabad, which has been the strategic and operational hub during the initial phase of the rescue and relief operations, and the Disaster Management Team composed of Country Representatives of UN agencies. The Islamabad Hub, where some 100 organizations have been meeting daily for general coordination briefings, has been supported by Humanitarian Common Services such as the Humanitarian Information Centre (HIC), Logistics, UNHAS, CMCoord, MapAction and Telecoms in addition to Security. An OSOCC was immediately established in Muzaffarabad. During the second week of operations, it was transformed into the first of the six planned fieldbased Humanitarian Hubs, followed days later by Mansehra and Bagh. Three more locations are currently being identified in an effort to cover the affected area and to decentralize the operational humanitarian coordination to the field level. From the outset, in the spirit of reform of the humanitarian system and as recommended by the Humanitarian Response Review, the coordination structures adopted in response to the earthquake followed the cluster approach. Ten clusters have been formed: Shelter (lead: IOM), Food and Nutrition (lead: WFP/UNICEF), Health (lead: WHO), Water and Sanitation (lead: UNICEF), Camp Management (lead: UNHCR), Logistics (lead: WFP), Protection (lead: UNICEF), Education (lead: UNICEF), IT/Telecommunications (leads: OCHA/UNICEF/WFP), Early Reconstruction and Recovery (lead: UNDP). Cluster meetings have been taking place daily with an increasing number of partners. The Government has identified counterpart focal points to cochair cluster meetings. In addition, the cluster heads' group forum has evolved from an early information exchange phase to focus now on strategic planning and coordination in Islamabad. Operational cluster coordination structures are also being developed in the three alreadyestablished humanitarian hubs. The cluster approach represents an important new development in humanitarian policy and practice. Its implementation in Pakistan has mostly been embraced by partners and its being actively tested on the ground. Already, the process has revealed some important lessons which will contribute to further development of the concept in theory and practice. While the indepth evaluation of the approach must wait until the emergency phase of the operation is over, one important lesson has already emerged: namely that the cluster approach represents a paradigm shift in humanitarian thinking. Lead and partner agencies will need to give up elements of their own procedures and visibility for the sake of faster and more effective progress on the ground. The concept of delegated leadership and coordination must be strengthened to ensure the full implementation of the approach. 8

15 4. RESPONSE PLANS 4.1 SHELTER CLUSTER Lead agency: IOM Objectives Support the assessment of immediate shelter needs; Provide immediate shelter (i.e. tents) to the most affected population; Provide vulnerable children and families with critical nonfood items. Shelter Project: Emergency Shelter Objectives: To provide emergency and transitional shelter to the most 50,000,000 affected areas directly, and also to coordinate activities and the provision IOM of the same by other members of the emergency shelter cluster. With its partners, IOM will be providing shelter for tens of thousands of SAEQ households, as well as associated shelter NFIs. This project 05/S/NF04 complements that of UNDP. Beneficiaries: up to 2 million persons. Partners: Government, Islamic Relief, NRC, CRS, Church World Service UNDP SAEQ 05/S/NF02 UNDP SAEQ 05/S/NF06 UNDP SAEQ 05/S/NF07 and other emergency shelter cluster member organizations Project: Immediate Shelter Objectives: To provide immediate shelter and NFIs to the most vulnerable populations. With its partners, UNDP intends to provide tens of thousands immediate shelters (winterized tents, materials for improvised housing, tools, associated NFIs such as blankets, plastic sheeting, cooking sets, mattresses, dual purpose heating, etc) to provide protection. This project complements that of IOM. Beneficiaries: up to 1 million persons. Partners: Government, IFRC, IOM, OXFAM, RSPN, Relief International, UNOPS, Save the Children Alliance Project: Meeting the Heating and Cooking Energy Requirements during Winter Objectives: To provide liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) for heating and cooking in the earthquake affected area during the 2005/6 winter. To monitor air pollution for minimizing respiratory problems of communities that are already suffering from injuries. To reduce stress on the women to meet the energy requirements for cooking and heating and enhance their livelihoods skills. To reduce pressure on forest resources to avoid deforestation that may potentially cause landslides and erosion. (Budget covers LPG cylinder, stove and 10 refillings per household.) Beneficiaries: 100,000 households in mountain communities severely affected by the earthquake. Partners: Environmental and Natural Resources Management Departments of NW Frontier and Azad Jammu and Pakistanadministered Kashmir, Ministry of Environment, SUNGI, Private Sector, CBOs. Project: Support to Spontaneous and Seismically Resilient Shelter Rehabilitation Objectives: (In partnership with UNHABITAT) To support ongoing early recovery efforts in shelter through the establishment of technical support cells to assess and advise, and the provision of cash grants to targeted households for rehabilitation of damaged homes. To promote and support rebuilding efforts through the provision of tool kits, materials and the establishment of building materials centres. To prepare and implement a public awareness campaign on seismicresistant building methods and retrofitting methods on disaster mitigation and safety Beneficiaries; an estimated 50,000 beneficiaries Partners: GoP (Rehabilitation Authority and local government), UN Habitat, UNOPS, UNEP, ILO, UN Agencies, IFRC, INGOs, local NGO s 30,000,000 8,000,000 7,000,000 TOTAL 95,000,000 9

16 4.2 LOGISTICS CLUSTER Lead agency: WFP Objectives Ensure that a complete integrated supply chain is available to all humanitarian actors; Undertake infrastructure assessments; disseminate logistics information and ensure the most timely and costeffective modes of delivery are available and utilized. Logistics World Food Programme SAEQ 05/CSS02 Project Title: Special Operation : WFP Air Support to Humanitarian relief operations in response to the Pakistan Earthquake Objective: Provision of essential air cargo and passenger services utilizing twenty MI8 and five MI26 helicopters for six months to facilitate Federal and Provincial Governments, donors, UN system, and (I) NGOs relief efforts during the winter months and into the rehabilitation phase. In circumstances where WFP receives inkind support for this special operation from its standby partners or from the military, such contributions will be registered as donations against this SO. Partners: Federal and Provincial Governments, donors, UN system, and (I) NGOs World Food Programme SAEQ 05/CSS01 World Food Programme SAEQ 05/CSS03 UNDP (on behalf of UNOPS) SAEQ 05/CSS09 IOM SAEQ 05/CSS04 Project Title: Special Operation : WFP Logistics Support to Relief Operations for the Pakistan Earthquake Objective: Provision of base camp support modules and office equipment for six months to cater for UN agency accommodation and office needs in remote areas; augmented transit warehousing of UN nonfood items at air hubs and the planned interagency field offices; the provision of shorthaul 6x6 trucks for delivery of relief cargo; and to provide specialised snow clearance teams to maintain vital supply arteries and access to remote areas. In circumstances where WFP receives inkind support for this special operation from its standby partners or from the military, such contributions will be registered as donations against this SO. Partners: Government, donors, UN system, and (I) NGOs Project: Special Operation : United Nations Joint Logistics Centre Pakistan Earthquake Response Objectives: To establish and maintain cargo priority and tracking system; solicit, coordinate, and prioritize requirements for air transportation; establish and maintain logistics coordination capabilities at five Forward Operating Bases; in conjunction with Humanitarian Information Centre (HIC), establish and maintain logistics All Source Information System; establish liaison with governmental and military partners; undertake infrastructure assessments, collate, and disseminate essential logistics information; and to facilitate the establishment of surface and air corridors and deconflict with military/ civilian entities. Partners: Government, donors, UN system, and (I) NGOs Project: Opening/easing Access to Remote Areas throughout the Winter Objectives: To facilitate the access to remote villages in lateral valleys and to support early recovery. To clear snow and landslides through cash for work. To distribution of 250 jeeps to NGOs or village councils and to help maintain the vehicles over 6 months. Beneficiaries: affected populations in remote villages, Partners: Government, UN system, national and international NGOs. Project: Logistic support to affected populations. Objectives: to provide transport for the movement of emergency relief items to affected areas. To facilitate the movement of people and shelter. Beneficiaries: up to 4 million persons. Partners: Government, all the different cluster partners, NGOs, particularly emergency shelter and logistics cluster members 100,000,000 (includes costs of inkind support) 21,250,000 3,460,000 4,750,000 8,000,000 TOTAL 137,460,000 10

17 4.3 FOOD AND NUTRITION CLUSTER Lead agencies: WFP and UNICEF Objective: Provide emergency food and nutrition support to the most severely affected population. Ensure adequate nutrition intake of vulnerable populations, especially children and pregnant and lactating mothers. Support for emergency actions, which need to be in place by planting time, to resume agricultural production and restore livelihoods. Set up the monitoring mechanisms to detect early signs of deterioration of nutrition status of vulnerable groups (children and women). Reinforce local capacity in the various food and nutrition areas. Food and Nutrition Project: Emergency food assistance to earthquake affected populations. Objectives: Provide emergency food and nutrition support to the most 55,860,000 WFP SAEQ05/F01 severely affected population; Ensure adequate nutrition intake of vulnerable populations, especially children and pregnant and lactating mothers; Support for emergency interventions to resume agricultural production and restore livelihoods Strategy: provide 101,521 metric tonnes of emergency dry rations and ready to eat food for six months. Beneficiaries: 1 million (15 October April 2006) Partners: Government, UNICEF, UNHCR, Oxfam, Concern, Islamic Relief, World Vision, Goal and local NGOs. Project: Emergency food distribution to earthquakeaffected populations in Mansehra and Muzzafarabad. 1,500,000 IRC SAEQ05/F02 Objectives: To reach the earthquake affected vulnerable people in NWFP and distribute the food according to WFP norms and procedures. Strategy: Depending on accessibility, security, weather condition and other factors IRC will identify the vulnerable population and will distribute the food provided by WFP in location near to the affected people. Beneficiaries: 0.47 million (15 October April 2006) Partners: Government, WFP, Local communities. Save the Children Alliance SAEQ05/F03 Project: Emergency food assistance to earthquake affected populations Balakot and Bagh. Objectives: To provide food for 150,000 food insecure and vulnerable persons in Balakot and Bagh.. Strategy: 1) Provide food to meet the immediate needs of families with family food packs; and 2) Establish community kitchens for immediate to medium term food needs, ensuring children s nutrition and supporting community mobilization/ support systems for children and women Beneficiaries: 150,000 Partners: Government, Local community based organizations, local NGOs, and community leaders 910,000 UNICEF SAEQ05/H14 (Combined with previous H15) Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) SAEQ05/A01 Project: Nutrition Assessment, action, monitoring and surveillance Objective: Improvement of nutrition status of the affected population through establishing effective coordination among the nutrition sector; assess the nutrition situation, design and implement nutrition actions (including Vit A supplementation) and establish effective monitoring/surveillance system among the affected population. Beneficiaries: 4 million affected population, 600,000 children under five and 200,000 pregnant and lactating women. Partners: Ministry of Health, UNFPA, WFP, NGOs and other stakeholders. Project Title: Emergency agricultural assistance to earthquakeaffected areas. Objective: Secure livelihoods of affected farmers through replenishment of depleted assets. Actions will include the provision of agricultural inputs (seeds, fertiliser, animal feed, tools), sustained animal health and recovery of livestock shelter. Beneficiaries: 400,000 farmers. Partners: Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock. Duration: Six months 6,500,000 20,500,000 TOTAL 85,270,000 11

18 4.4 HEALTH CLUSTER Lead agency: WHO Objectives: Support the Ministry of Health and local health authorities in assessment and monitoring of health threats and needs, including the set up of an early warning surveillance and response system of epidemic prone diseases; Ensure coordination on health priorities, strategies, plans and inputs of all partners in the health cluster so that the health needs and critical gaps in the health response, including relief supplies and human resources, are identified and met; Address critical threats and gaps in health service delivery with appropriate and quality primary health actions and secondary and tertiary levels of medical care in the affected areas; Strengthen and repair the local health systems (infrastructures as well human resources) and build the capacity of national/local health authorities as well of international partners in order to cope with the urgent health challenges and the early recovery related activities. Health Project: Revitalize the system for delivery of primary health care services including immunization, vitamin A supplementation, maternal, child and neonatal health services, as well prevention and treatment of disabilities for earthquake affected populations in northern Pakistan. Objectives: To assist the Government of Pakistan to revitalize/ establish primary health care facilities and services in the affected areas to mitigate the impact on health of the earthquake and to ensure continuity of preexisting program/services. Strategy: Depending on assessment of damage to health infrastructure, develop and implement a comprehensive plan for providing immediately access to uncovered communities and revitalizing primary health care in coordination with provincial and district health authorities, through semipermanent simplified first level health facilities, or essential minimal physical rehabilitation when feasible. Beneficiaries: 4,000,000 affected population Partners: Government, UNICEF and local partners UNICEF 10,000,000 WHO 9,000,000 UNFPA 6,000,000 UNICEF/UNFPA/ WHO SAEQ05/H23 a, b, c WHO/UNFPA/U NICEF SAEQ05/H24 a, b, c WHO SAEQ05/H02 Project: Revitalize hospital care services (secondary level) in regions affected by the earthquake Objectives: To ensure that basic comprehensive health services (system and structures) are available for affected populations include treatment of medical and surgical conditions, prevention and treatment of physical disabilities, essential and emergency obstetric care and newborn and child care To ensure the availability of health human resources to provide medical services Beneficiaries: 4 million affected population Partners: Ministry of Health, UNICEF, UNFPA and other stakeholders WHO 4,000,000 UNFPA 2,000,000 UNICEF 1,000,000 Project: Disease Surveillance and Early Warning System Objectives: To detect, investigate and respond to disease outbreaks in order to reduce morbidity and mortality due to epidemic prone diseases Provide the operational and technical support to MoH to set up and sustain an early warning surveillance system in all the affected areas, as well the local capacity to enter, process and analyse the epidemiological data, and provide a prompt response to any outbreak. Beneficiaries: 4 million affected population Partners: Ministry of Health and other stakeholders 25,000,000 7,000,000 3,200,000 12

19 Health Project: Emergency health relief operations including coordination and Information Management Objectives: To establish and lead together with MoH a coordination WHO mechanism whereby a central office and 5 field offices (Muzaffarabad, Mansehra, Bagh, Balakot and Rawalakot) are operational to assess and SAEQ05/H01 monitoring the evolving health situation, coordinate health response, manage, analyse and disseminate essential health information, highlight 3,500,000 the health priorities Beneficiaries: 4 million affected population Partners: Ministry of Health and other stakeholders Project: Environmental Health Response Objectives: To improve the environmental health conditions of affected populations, and health facilities, and therefore reduce environmentrelated diseases and deaths among the population. To provide technical WHO advice, partnering on activities and strengthening the link between SAEQ05/H25 disease surveillance, focused environmental health interventions and 3,200,000 outbreak prevention. Beneficiaries: 4 million affected population Partners: Ministry of Health, UNICEF and other stakeholders Project: HIVAIDS prevention Objectives: To ensure safe blood transfusions (screening about 10,000 UNAIDS transfusions for HIV, Hepatitis B and C), establish syndromic STI treatment and reproductive health services, establish one VCT centre and SAEQ05/H08 promote HIVAIDS awareness involving the leadership Beneficiaries: 4,000,000 population of affected areas 500,000 Partners: Ministry of Health, WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, Civil Society Organisations. Project: Medical evacuation of injured patients whose treatment is not available locally. IOM Objective: To coordinate and implement transportation of the patients to the receiving health settings Support the receiving health centres in term SAEQO5/H11 of equipment, supplies and human recourses. Beneficiaries: Injured patients 1,000,000 Partners: Ministry of Health, WHO and other governmental and nongovernmental organizations. IOM/WHO SAEQO5/H26 a, b IOM/WHO SAEQO5/H26 a, b AAI Australian International SAEQO5/H17 Project: Increase access to health care for affected communities Objective: Reestablish through the provision of temporary or semipermanent health infrastructure and equipment, essential Primary health care services in areas where health facilities are destroyed and/or to the new settlements Beneficiaries: Patients directly and entire community indirectly Partners: Ministry of Health, WHO and NGOs IOM 1,000,000 WHO 4,000,000 Project: Coordination, policy formulation and provision of mental health and psychosocial actions. Objective: To provide access to emergency related mental health care at all levels of care. To ensure interagency coordination and quality assurance in the area of mental health and psychological support. Beneficiaries: Entire population of the affected area Partners: Ministry of Health, UNICEF, UNFPA and other stakeholders WHO 850,000 IOM 500,000. Project: Emergency medical assistance and community health initiatives to the affected population of Bagh Objectives: To provide essential emergency medical care to affected people, while conducting other community health initiatives to ensure the population have equitable access to health care. Beneficiaries: 150,000 target population Partners: MOH, District Health Authorities, LEAD Pakistan, HRDN 5,000,000 1,350, ,000 13

20 Health Project: Provision of essential health services to earthquake hit AGA KHAN communities in Azad, Pakistanadministered Kashmir and NWFP Objectives: Establish temporary first level Primary Health Care centres SAEQO5/H18 to replace those damaged by the earthquake Beneficiaries: 60,000 people 110,000 Partners: Ministry of Health and local communities Project: Health Emergency Relief Response Objectives: To distribute pointofuse water purification product for 300,000 people for six months; to deploy a network of volunteer health Greenstar providers and provide medical supplies; to provide reproductive health Marketing products such as clean delivery kits, condoms and STI treatment kits and 1,000,000 SAEQO5/H20 IPC materials to affected population. Beneficiaries: 4 million affected population Partners: Ministry of Health and local communities, UNICEF, UNFPA, NGOs Project: Humanitarian and Rehabilitation Assistance to Siran and Konch valleys in Mansehra District Mercy Corps Objectives: Provision of critical Primary Health Care services to vulnerable communities in earthquakeaffected areas of Siran and Konch 500,000 SAEQO5/H19 valley Beneficiaries: estimated population of 120,000 people Partners: Ministry of Health and local communities Project: Reduction of Morbidity and Mortality in Panjikot and Lower Neelum Valleys through Trauma and Primary Health Care provision Objectives: Reduction of immediate trauma related morbidity and Merlin mortality through provision of appropriate facilities, equipment, pharmaceuticals and human resources and Reduction of morbidity and 850,000 SAEQO5/H21 mortality related to common illnesses through provision of Primary Health Care in Panjkot and Lower Neelum Beneficiaries: 115,000 affected population Partners: Ministry of Health Save the Children Alliance SAEQ05/H10 Save the Children Alliance SAEQ05/H22 World Vision SAEQ05/H12 Project: Primary Health Care including MCH in earthquake affected areas in NWFP Objectives: Training and mobilizing human resources for district health care delivery system including LHWs. Beneficiaries: 100,000 women and children in affected areas of NWFP Partners: Ministry of Health, UNICEF, WHO Project: Establish a field Hospital at the site of Batagram District Hospital Objectives: To provide followup care for trauma, emergencies and routine care Beneficiaries: 1,000,000 women and children in affected areas of NWFP Partners: Ministry of Health, UNICEF, WHO Project: Provide medicine and mobile medical camps Objectives: To provide health assistance to affected population focusing on children and mothers in Shangla and Mansehra Districts Beneficiaries: 40,000, including 20,000 Women and 20,000 Children Partners: Local government, SRSP, CWS, Sungi 720,000 1,000, ,000 TOTAL: 55,380,000 14

21 4.5 WATER AND SANITATION CLUSTER Lead agency: UNICEF Objectives: Assess the situation and coordinate response; Provide safe drinking water to the affected population; Ensure access to sanitation facilities. Water and Environmental Sanitation UNICEF Project: Provision of adequate sanitation and hygiene Objectives: Ensure families, especially children and women have access to sanitation facilities that meet or exceed SPHERE standards; to conduct vector control; and to ensure affected populations are sensitised to risks associated with poor hygiene and 15,100,000 SAEQ05/WS03 contaminated water Beneficiaries: 1.7 million severely affected people. Partners: Government, Ministry of Science and Technology, and cluster INGOs. UNICEF Project: Provision of safe drinking water Objectives: To provide safe drinking water to affected populations with particular emphasis on children and women 24,200,000 SAEQ05/WS02 Beneficiaries: 1.7 million severely affected people, Partners: Government and cluster INGOs. ACF USA Project: Support to health centres Objectives: To provide 15 health centres of Battagram and Mansehra Districts with safe water and sanitation facilities. 200,000 SAEQ05/WS05 Beneficiaries: 10,000 affected population Partners: Local Government, MSFF, Croix Rouge Francaise ACF USA Project: Provision of safe drinking water Objectives: To provide safe drinking water to affected populations in urban areas and tent cities of Battagram and Mansehra Districts. 300,000 SAEQ05/WS06 Beneficiaries: 20,000 people Partners: Local Government ACF USA SAEQ05/WS07 Project: Emergency sanitation Objectives: To install 750 latrines, 600 washing areas in urban areas and tent cities of Battagram and Mansehra Districts. Beneficiaries: 20,000 people, Partners: Local Government 500,000 Project: Provision of latrines Catholic Relief Objectives: to provide latrine facilities in the Siran and Kounch Services (CRS) valleys Mansehra; Kohistan Miara and Koumanje Shangla. 800,000 SAEQ05/WS08 Beneficiaries: 25,000 people. Partners: Local Government United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) SAEQ05/WS04 Project Title: Environmental assessment of the immediate, secondary and mediumterm impacts of the South Asian earthquake Objective: Identify primary, secondary and mediumterm environmental impacts of the South Asia Earthquake; design measures for risk minimization, halt further environmental degradation, recommend measures for recovery, disaster risk reduction, and longterm environmental restoration. Beneficiaries: Women, Men and Children living within the areas affected by the earthquake. Total Number: 4 million, around 160,000 families Partners: National environment authorities, UNDP 500,000 TOTAL 41,600,000 15