UNICEF Pakistan Earthquake Response OVERVIEW. Information Sheet.

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2 UNICEF Pakistan Support to Recovery and Rehabilitation of Basic Social Services for the Earthquake-Affected Population SUMMARY Pakistan suffered its worst ever natural disaster on the morning of 8 October, 2005 when an earthquake measuring 7.6 on the Richter scale struck a mountainous area of 28,000 square kilometres of Pakistan s North West Frontier Province (NWFP) and Pakistan-administered Kashmir (PAK). The death toll was estimated at 73,000 of which around 17,000 were school students. Around 3.5 million persons were left homeless, of which at least 60 per cent were women and children. Approximately 42,000 children were orphaned, 23,000 children were disabled and an estimated 17,300 women were widowed. Health facilities, water and sanitation schemes, schools, roads, communication systems and public offices were destroyed and agricultural land, livestock and forests were partially or fully lost. The disaster hit children and women particularly hard as many schools had just started morning classes and women were inside their homes when buildings collapsed. 1. Government, Civil Society and International Response The immediate response from the Government, the Army and civil society was swift and exemplary. Within days of the disaster the Government established a Federal Relief Commission (FRC) based in the Prime Minister s Office which mounted a coordinated rescue and relief plan. Residential camps were quickly set up for the displaced and immediate medical relief services were provided for the thousands of injured. Given the heightened risk of child abduction, the adoption of children was banned and security measures were tightened in hospitals, camps and on roads leading out of the affected areas. Furthermore, the Government created the Earthquake Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Authority (ERRA) to support medium to long term rebuilding efforts. A massive response was mounted by civil society organizations, the population at large and affected people. They all played a commendable and substantial supporting role with huge amounts of cash, in-kind donations and voluntary contributions of time and expertise. The international support for rescue, relief and early recovery was organized initially in 12 sectoral cluster groups 2 bringing together the Government and a broad range of UN and other humanitarian organisations. 2. UNICEF Response UNICEF was part of the UN consolidated response and was tasked to ensure the survival of children in the affected areas through health and nutritional care, provision of safe drinking water and sanitation, while restoring normalcy to their lives through education, recreation, rehabilitation, reunification and psycho-social support. 3 It acted swiftly to join Government and other partner efforts and led the Water and Sanitation, Protection and Education Clusters and the sub-cluster on Nutrition. 1 Figures updated as of September Shelter, Food and Nutrition, Logistics, Health, Water and Sanitation, Education, Protection, Camp Management, Early Recovery and Reconstruction, Information and Telecommunications, Safety and Security, and Coordination. Nutrition, Livelihoods and Gender were Subclusters formed later. 3 UNICEF Pakistan Consolidated Emergency Thematic Report Oct 2005-March 2006

3 The key results of UNICEF s emergency response were the following: UNICEF Response from October 2005 to September 2007 Health and Nutrition Distributed 150 New Emergency Health Kits to restart health services catering to the needs of 1.5 million people Supported vaccination of 1.1 million children aged 6 months to 15 years against measles Re-equipped 99 health facilities with medicine, equipment, supplies and personnel benefiting 1.5 million people Established services for the identification and management of malnourished children and mothers with the result that 275 severely malnourished and about 21,000 moderately malnourished children and mothers were treated. Assisted Departments of Health to reach communities that were previously unserved, by establishing a network of more than 2,100 Community Health Workers (CHWs) Primary Education Established 4,020 tented schools serving about 420,000 girls and boys, including more than 21,000 children mostly girls - who had never attended school before. Distributed 9,500 School-in-a-Box Kits and other educational supplies (books, school bags, etc.), serving about 420,000 students Trained 14,500 teachers in psychosocial skills and teaching in challenging environments Built 125 transitional shelters (for 52 schools) in high-altitude, harsh weather locations where tents are not a long-term solution Hired 82 para-teachers where either no teacher was available or there was a shortage of teachers Water, Environment and Sanitation Provided safe water and sanitation to some 350,000 people in IDP camps, schools and hospitals Repaired 322 rural water supplies serving over 310,000 people. More than 500 water supply schemes that will serve approximately an additional 750,000 people are in progress and will be completed by the end of 2007 Supplied safe drinking water and latrines to over 190,000 students in 2,000 schools Provided water and sanitation facilities to 29 temporary Basic Health Units Helped build 38,400 latrines serving around 700,000 people Distributed 160,000 hygiene kits serving about 1.1 million people Trained nearly 4,000 primary school teachers on school sanitation and hygiene education, with the result that almost 270,000 students received sanitation and hygiene education sessions Child Protection Distributed 687,000 winter clothing kits, one million blankets and quilts, assisting an estimated 1.5 million people Registered and monitored 13,400 separated, unaccompanied and orphaned children Provided psycho-social and safe play environments to nearly 18,300 children through 122 child-friendly spaces Supported birth registration for more than 21,000 children under the age of five Established three District Child Protection Monitoring Units in Muzaffarabad, Bagh and Mansehra Set up two child protection centres for earthquake-affected street and working children 3. ERRA-UN Coordinated Recovery Efforts Government leadership, donor assistance and the efforts of many humanitarian workers on the ground led to an effective and largely successful relief operation. The lives of thousands of children and women were saved by the prevention of a potential second wave of deaths from epidemics, disease and exposure to harsh winter conditions.

4 As the official relief phase ended in April 2006, the FRC s functions were merged with ERRA. In the interest of decentralized operations, ERRA s agencies were set up: PERRA at provincial level in NWFP and SERRA at State level in PAK. Currently ERRA has the overall coordination, planning, financing and monitoring role while PERRA and SERRA act as the Secretariats to the respective Provincial and State Governments. ERRA s District Reconstruction Units work closely with the district line departments and NGOs to coordinate the implementation of plans. After extensive consultations between ERRA, Inter-Agency Standing Committee members and other stakeholders, the ERRA-UN Early Recovery Plan 4 from May 2006 to April 2007 was established at an estimated cost of $295 million dollars. The plan presents the concrete actions required in the critical period of transition from relief to rehabilitation and reconstruction to support affected people. Under the banner Rebuild and Revive with Dignity and Hope, it marks the shift from saving lives to restoring livelihoods in the earthquake-affected areas. 4. UNICEF Support to the ERRA-UN Early Recovery and Rehabilitation Plan (May 2006 to April 2007) UNICEF directly supports the ERRA-UN Early Recovery Plan efforts in Education, Water and Sanitation, Health and Support to Vulnerable Children through its Primary Education, Water, Environment and Sanitation, Health and Child Protection projects. UNICEF s assistance focuses on the integrated delivery of improved basic social services in the affected areas; institutional and community capacity building; humanitarian support for the remaining IDP caseload and the most vulnerable population; and advocacy and facilitation for policy and legislative reform in six of the nine affected districts Abbotabad, Battagram and Mansehra in NWFP, and Bagh, Muzaffarabad and Neelum in PAK. The sectors of the Emergency Support Programme established as a response to the earthquake are aligned with those in the ongoing Government of Pakistan-UNICEF Country Programme Plan of Action. The 2005 earthquake was Pakistan s biggest ever natural disaster but there have been others of varying degrees during UNICEF s almost sixty years of work in the country. In order to better meet future challenges and ensure equity of response in all locations, the Emergency Support Programme seeks to further strengthen the emergency preparedness and response capacity with regard to children in the Country Programme of the Government and its partners. Similarly, as post-earthquake requirements change from emergency to recovery and reconstruction, UNICEF is ensuring that the rehabilitation and reconstruction activities restore basic social services for children which were aligned with social service provision in other parts of Pakistan. To guide implementation, UNICEF Pakistan s Emergency Support Programme has prepared this strategic recovery plan outlining proposed programmatic and financial contributions to the overall earthquake recovery effort. This reflects strategies and interventions based upon lessons learned from the relief and rescue phase and planned jointly with the various levels of ERRA, line departments and district governments in NWFP and PAK, UN and (I)NGO partners. The proposed interventions are in line with national sector strategies, the UN System in Pakistan s Guiding Principles for Early Recovery and Reconstruction and the United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF). 4 The 2006 Early Recovery Plan covers nine areas of support to the government including Education; Health; Livelihoods; Water and Sanitation; Housing; Shelter and Camp Management; Support to Vulnerable Groups; Governance and Disaster Risk Reduction; and Common Services and Coordination. Coordination and Implementation?

5 5. UNICEF Support to Recovery and Rehabilitation - Objectives and Key Interventions from May 2007 to December 2008 Sectoral Component Objectives Key Interventions Health and Nutrition Primary Education Water, Environment and Sanitation Child Protection To achieve a significant acceleration in child and maternal survival by putting into practice interventions targeting the most common causes of child and maternal mortality Through community participation, to improve educational access for all children to healthy, protective and inclusive primary education and extend the benefits to the community. To provide access to improved and maintained water and sanitation facilities and services to children and women in rural communities, small urban centres and schools Within an effective policy and legal framework, to protect girls and boys from abuse, violence, exploitation and neglect and ensure access to inclusive and non-discriminatory services. Enhance access of at lest 400,000 families to quality primary health care services Reconstruct 55 health centres Strengthen health management systems Achieve 100% enrolment of primary school-aged children and 30% of children who have never attended school before Reconstruct approximately 500-1,000 transitional shelters and 500 permanent primary schools Improve teaching and learning processes and outcomes Provide safe water to 1.5 million people and change hygiene behaviour of 900,000 people. Supply safe drinking water and adequate latrines each to 3,873 temporary schools Reconstruct remaining 304 water supply systems (of 1,117) using earthquake resistant designs Disseminate hygiene messages to 1.5 million people on safe water consumption, latrine usage and hand washing with soap Spread School Sanitation and Hygiene Education messages to 303,000 students Support water and sanitation services/facilities in camps for an anticipated 30,000 people Birth registration for 12,000 children 52,000 children given more knowledge about child protection through peer to peer discussions 6,000 orphaned and vulnerable children identified and provided with protective services Establish policies, legislation and enforcement systems for the protection of vulnerable children Cross-cutting issues To reduce the gender gap among service providers and children s access to services as well as enhance gender responsiveness of all interventions To develop local capacities (human and institutional) at community, district, provincial and national levels. To develop partnerships for viable sustainable models of convergent services for wide scale replication in the earthquake affected areas and assist in policy/legal reform. 6. Timeframe and Geographical Scope of UNICEF Support for Recovery UNICEF s Emergency Support Programme will provide an integrated multi-sectoral approach for the rehabilitation and reconstruction of services to fulfil the recovery needs and rights of children in the affected areas of the districts of Abbotabad, Mansehra and Battagram in NWFP and Muzaffarabad, Neelum and Bagh in PAK until December This includes construction and reconstruction, such as the rebuilding of 500 permanent government primary schools, 55 health centres and 857 water supply schemes and

6 establishing a protective system to assist the government in its commitment to Build Back Better. The proposed timeframe for the UNICEF Support for Recovery runs alongside the Government of Pakistan/UNICEF Country Programme s current agreement which will be reviewed by the end of Implementation Arrangement and Partnerships Together with UNICEF, ERRA, PERRA, SERRA, the federal ministries and the line departments, the provincial government of NWFP, the state government of PAK and the 6 district governments in NWFP and PAK are responsible for the implementation of UNICEF s Support for Recovery. As a result of the 2005 earthquake UNICEF Pakistan strengthened its capacity to support the recovery efforts. UNICEF has over 150 staff covering the four major areas of support based in Islamabad (Islamabad) and with field presence in Abbotabad and Battagram (NWFP), Muzaffarabad and Bagh (PAK). As in the past, UNICEF continues to participate actively in recovery oriented federal, provincial, state and district technical working groups as well as UN inter-agency groups. Joint initiatives will continue with UN partners such as WHO, WFP, UNFPA, UNESCO. Care will be taken to adjust plans in the context of other development partners and UN agency initiatives, to identify areas of mutual cooperation and action, and to enhance synergy of approaches and cost effectiveness. There will be due attention to monitoring, reporting, documentation and dissemination of experiences. Budget for UNICEF Pakistan Support for Recovery Earthquake Recovery & Rehabilitation Strategy Budget Programme Required Budget Funds in Hand Funds Pledged Additional Requirement Health & Nutrition 47,120,000 14,416,000 1,000,000 31,704,000 Education 68,300,000 22,982,884 19,115,116 26,202,001 Water, Environment & Sanitation 29,203,000 16,693,147 1,331,853 11,178,000 Child Protection 8,000,000 2,838,836 1,300,000 3,861,164 Cross Sectoral 8,500,000 7,500,000-1,000,000 Total $161,123,000 $64,430,867 $22,746,969 $73,945,165 Note: All figures are in US dollars. Major Donors for UNICEF Pakistan Support for Recovery UNICEF Pakistan would like to express its gratitude to the following governments and UNICEF National Committees for their contribution to its interventions in the recovery phase: Australia, Canada, Denmark, the European Commission, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States of America.

7 National Committees for UNICEF in Andorra, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxemburg, Kuwait, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom and United States Fund for UNICEF (US Fund). Key Partners Government Ministry of Environment; Ministry of Health; Ministry of Education; Ministry of Housing and Works; Ministry of Science and Technology (Pakistan Council for Research in Water Resources); Ministry of Industries, Production and Special Initiatives; Department of Public Health Engineering; Earthquake Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Authority (ERRA); State Earthquake Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Authority (SERRA); Provincial Earthquake Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Authority (PERRA); Local Government and Rural Development Department (LG&RDD) PAK; Department of Health NWFP; Department of Health PAK; Department of Social Welfare and Special Education NWFP; Department of Social Welfare and Women Development PAK; District Education Department NWFP, District Education Department PAK; National Commission for Human Development; Pakistan Paediatric Association (PPA) International NGOs Adventist Relief and Development Agency (ADRA); Agency for Technical Cooperation and Development (ACTED); ALISEI; American Refugee Committee (ARC); Arche Nova; Catholic Relief Services (CRS); Concern International; Diakonie; Emergency Aid; GTZ; International Medical Corps (UK); International Rescue Committee (IRC); Istituto Sindacale per la Cooperazione e lo Sviluppo (ISCOS); International Catholic Migration Commission; JADE; Japan Emergency NGOs (JEN); Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF); Mercy Corps; Merlin; Norwegian Refugees Council (NRC); Ockenden International; OXFAM (Great Britain); Philanthrope; Plan International; Population Council; Premiere Urgence; Qatar Charity; Relief International; Samaritan's Purse (SP); Save the Children (UK); Save the Children (Sweden); Save the Children (US); Terre Des Hommes (TDH) National NGOs Aga Khan University; Aga Khan Health Services Pakistan (AKHSP); Al Mustafa Development Network; Basic Education and Employable Skill Training (BEST); Bulandi Welfare and Education Society; Centre for Health and Population Studies; Dosti Development Foundation; HAASHAR Association; Hayat Foundation; Heart File; National Commission for human Development (NCHD); National Rural Support Programme (NRSP); Pakistan Boy Scouts Association (PBSA); Pakistan Village Development Programme (PVDP); Pakistan Voluntary Health and Nutrition Association (PAVHNA); SAHAR; Society for Sustainable Development (SSD); Shaheen Rural Development Organization; Development Foundation; Sungi Water; Taraqee Foundation; The Humanitarians; Trust for Voluntary Organizations (TVO); Water Environment and Sanitation Network (WESNET); Youth Alliance for Human Rights (YAHR) UN Agencies: United Nations Development Programe (UNDP), UNEP, UNFPA, WHO, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), UN-HABITAT, UNESCO, WFP.