AKS 42. Modern GA History

Transcription

1 AKS 42 Modern GA History

2 The economic and social impact of mayors Maynard Jackson and Andrew Young AKS 42a Mayors of Atlanta

3 Maynard Jackson First black mayor of Atlanta Served three terms ( ; ) Expanded Hartsfield Atlanta International Airport (named in his honor) Provided more contract work to black-owned businesses Added more African American or Black police officers to the city s police force Encouraged Atlanta to become a financial center and distribution hub for the southeast. Improved city housing and social conditions through Affirmative Action programs. Improved the mass transit system, making it one of the most modern in the United States. During his term in the 1990 s, he worked closely with Andrew Young and Billy Payne to bring the Olympics to the city.

4 Andrew Young In 1972, Young was elected as Georgia s first African- American or Black Congressman since Reconstruction. In 1977, President Jimmy Carter appointed him ambassador to the United Nations. Elected mayor of Atlanta in (2 terms ) Instrumental in the city s continued growth and national and international prestige. Brought $70 billion in new private investment to the city of Atlanta, 1,100 new businesses and one million jobs to the region. Expanded programs for including minority and femaleowned businesses in all city contracts. Young tripled college scholarships given to Atlanta public school graduates and was instrumental in overhauling and privatizing Zoo Atlanta After leaving office in 1989, Young continued to work for Georgia s economic development, served as co-chair of Georgia s 1996 Olympic committee, and worked as a consultant for many international organizations which he continues to do today.

5 The impact of Jimmy Carter AKS 42b

6 Jimmy Carter: GA Politics - In 1962, Carter was elected to the Georgia Senate. - Then in 1970 he was elected Governor. - While Governor he supported ecology, efficiency in govt. and the removal of racial barriers. - He also completely re-organized the state s government and reduced the number of state agencies.

7 Jimmy Carter: President Biography Video - First President from Georgia ( ). - Carter worked hard to fight the continuing economic woes of inflation and unemployment. By the end of his administration, he could claim an increase of nearly eight million jobs and a decrease in the budget deficit. Unfortunately, inflation and interest rates were at near record highs, and efforts to reduce them caused a short recession. - He dealt with the energy shortage by establishing a national energy policy. He prompted Government efficiency through civil service reform and continued with deregulation of the trucking and airline industries. - His expansion of the national park system included protection of 103 million acres of Alaskan lands. - To increase human and social services, he created the Department of Education and appointed record numbers of women, blacks, and Hispanics to Government jobs.

8 Iranian Hostage Crisis (November 4, 1979, to January 20, 1981) - The Iran hostage crisis occurred when Iranian students stormed the U.S. embassy in Iran and took a group of U.S. citizens hostage. They held the hostages for over a year from November 4, 1979 to January 20, Iran was ruled by a absolute monarch; The United States supported the Shah because he was against communism and sold oil to western nations. However, many people in Iran did not like the Shah. They thought he was a brutal dictator. - In the 1970s, revolutionaries led by the Muslim leader Ayatollah Khomeini began to protest against the government. In 1979, they managed to take control of the government and overthrew the Shah. The Shah fled Iran. - The Shah was sick with cancer at the time and needed medical care. President Jimmy Carter decided to allow the Shah to come to the United States to get treatment. This started off a wave of protests against the United States in Iran.

9 Iranian Hostage Crisis Continued.. Video Overview of the Crisis - Angry at the United States for protecting the Shah, Iranian students stormed the U.S. embassy in Tehran, Iran on November 4, They took 66 of the people there hostage. - Thirteen of the hostages were let go after a short time. They were mostly women and African-Americans. A fourteenth man was released later when he got sick. The remaining 52 hostages were held for a total of 444 days. - Being a hostage was terrifying. For over a year, the hostages lived in fear of death and torture. They were sometimes blindfolded and marched in front of angry crowds. They often were not allowed to talk for months, placed in solitary confinement, and had their hands bound for days at a time. Their captors constantly threatened them with execution and even performed a mock execution one night to scare them. - The event dominated the news during the last 14 months of the administration. The consequences of Iran's holding Americans captive, together with continuing inflation at home, contributed to Carter's defeat in Even then, he continued the difficult negotiations over the hostages. Iran finally released the 52 Americans the same day Carter left office.

10 The effect of the 1996 Olympic Games on Georgia AKS 42b

11 Hosting the 1996 Summer Olympic Games Olympic Video Summer Olympics brought over 10,000 athletes representing 197 different countries. More than 90,000 volunteers took part. 79 countries won at least one medal. Other Sites for Events: Athens Columbus Jonesboro Savannah

12 Benefits Olympics brought to GA Millions of dollars spent to make world class athletic facilities. These include: - Olympic Stadium - Lake Lanier Rowing Center Brought international recognition to Atlanta Tremendous media coverage which led to increased tourism and international business expansion. Brought job opportunities to thousands of Georgia citizens through: - volunteer programs. - educational programs. - training programs. Brought millions of dollars into Georgia s economy

13 Centennial Olympic Park Bombing News Coverage Video The Centennial Olympic Park bombing was a terrorist bomb attack on the Centennial Olympic Park in Atlanta, Georgia, on July 27 during the 1996 Summer Olympics Alice Hawthorne killed in the explosion 117 injured

14 The importance of new immigrant communities to the growth and economy of Georgia AKS 42c

15 Immigrantion Video Immigrants in GA Georgia is known throughout the world as a leader in the production of carpeting in and around Dalton, GA. As the industry has grown, many jobs have become available. To fill many of these jobs, people from Mexico and other Latin American countries have come to northwest Georgia to live and work. The number of Hispanic immigrants has been so large in some areas that they constitute a majority in some school districts. Many restaurants, churches, and Hispanic businesses have located in the area to serve the many people who now make Georgia their home. Another area where immigrant populations have greatly affected the economy is near the city of Gainesville in Hall County. Here, the poultry industry is very important. Georgia is a leading producer of broilers (young chickens), and they are shipped across the United States and to other countries. Many immigrants have come to this area of Georgia to assist in the production and processing of millions of chickens for food production. Businesses serving mainly Hispanics are thriving in this area. In South Georgia, the growing Vidalia onion industry is supported by immigrant populations as well. Because the onion crop is seasonal, and there are not enough permanent residents in the area to harvest the onion crop, migrant workers come to the area. When the onions are ready for harvesting, several South Georgia counties swell in immigrant populations. Schools are impacted as well when many students enroll for a brief time while the onions are harvested. Immigrant populations impact Georgia s economy in a large way. Tens of thousands of immigrants, primarily from countries south of our border, live and work all over Georgia and assist in many jobs and businesses. Churches and ethnic businesses have sprung up in many towns to serve these people and others. All of Georgia is impacted by the contributions of immigrants, and the economy of the state is enlarged as a result.

16 Facts about Immigrants in GA: Immigrants comprise an increasing proportion of Georgia s civilian employee workforce: 3.4 percent in 1990; 8.7 percent in 2000; and 13.5 percent in Of all workers age 25 and older without a high school degree in Georgia in 2009, 36.7 percent (142,970) were immigrants. Immigrant comprised 12.9 percent of college educated workers age 25 and older. In 2010, undocumented immigrants were seven percent of Georgia s overall workforce, but have a much larger presence in certain industries of the essential economy. For example, experts estimate that 40 to 50 percent of workers in agriculture, which is Georgia s largest industry, are undocumented.

17 50A I can explain how profit is an incentive for entrepreneurs. 50B I can explain how entrepreneurs take risks to develop new goods and services to start a business. 50C I can evaluate the impact of various industries in GA including agriculture, entertainment, manufacturing, service and technology. AKS 50A, 50B & 50c

18 Profit & risk-taking in Entrepreneurship: Profit is simply the amount of money an entrepreneur or business makes after paying their expenses. Profit is the motivating factor for any entrepreneurs who seek to develop a new business. Most major corporations and businesses were created in hopes of making a profit. For those who are able to create a successful business there are many benefits. Some of this benefits include being your own boss, working long hours for yourself as opposed to someone else, and receiving the majority of the profit. In some cases an extremely successful business is bought by someone else, providing the entrepreneur with a huge profit. However, the U. S. Small Business Administration indicates that over 50% of all businesses fail to be productive within their first five years in operation while other resources indicate that 60% - 90% fail within the first 18 months of operation. Factors include: lack of experience in operating a business, lack of capital, too much competition in the market region, lack of consumers, lack of unique product offerings, misguided marketing strategies, failure to innovate, and bad hiring decisions. Entrepreneurs who start their own businesses and fail often lose their own money and time in the process. Protecting personal financial security (and that of your family) should be a priority for entrepreneurs. An entrepreneur can minimize financial risks by limiting how many assets are risked.

19 Economic Impact of the Agriculture Industry: mild year round climate makes GA good for farming Georgia s leading economic industry Georgia is a leading producer of commodities like soybeans, peanuts, cotton, broilers (chickens) and blueberries and is developing new products such as wine, cheeses, ice creams, peach products among other goods. During 2012, the Census of Agriculture indicates that Georgia s agriculture industry sold more than $9.2 billion worth of agricultural products. The state s forestry industry contributes $17.7 billion to Georgia s economy and supports 73,300 jobs in the state. Georgia boasts the most commercial forest land than any other state. In 2011, $72.5 billion of Georgia s $786.5 billion economy was related to Georgia s agriculture industry. This industry, however, is a primary source of unemployment in the state.

20 Economic Impact of the Entertainment Industry The Arts: The arts are important to tourism and local economic growth. The arts significantly offer cultural opportunities to Georgia s citizens, creates jobs, supports arts education, and helps revitalize communities. Creative industries in GA represent a combined $37 billion in revenue, and includes 200,000 employed generating $12.1 billion in earnings, and $62.5 billion in total economic impact.

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22 Economic Impact of the Entertainment Industry Film & TV The film & TV industries are booming in Georgia. Since 1972, 800 film and television projects (short term and long term) have provided job opportunities to 30,000 working professionals. A growing digital media industry, university developed talent, abundant tax incentives, proximity to a well-connected transportation system, and location diversity for filming are among the reasons that Georgia has become a camera ready state. In 2015, Georgia feature films and television production generated an economic impact of $7 billion. Qualifying productions can earn 20% tax credits and additional credit for embedding a Georgia promotional logo in the film s title or credits.

23 Economic Impact of the Entertainment Industry Music The music production industry in Georgia has a well-known history of producing celebrated musicians. Metro Atlanta has recently become recognized as an industry hub for music production. The industry has generated approximately 9,500 job opportunities in the state and approximately $3.5 billion in revenue per year. The music industry generates about $50 million in tax revenues for the state per year. The industry has impacts beyond the music production industry. The network of support industries that are associated with music production increases the overall impact of the industry on Georgia s economy.

24 Economic Impact of the Entertainment Industry Tourism Industry The tourism industry in Georgia provides a $59 billion impact on the state s economy. As the fifth largest employer in the state, the industry supports 439,000 job opportunities, or 10.3% of all payroll employment in the state. Taxes of $3 billion from the tourism industry were pumped into Georgia s economy in If Georgia s tourism industry was absent from the economy, each Georgia household would have to be taxed an additional $843 by state and local governments each year.

25 Economic Impact of the Manufacturing The manufacturing industry employs 6.4 million people The industry is suffering in finding employees that have the right skills and experience to fill available positions. While many people perceive jobs in the manufacturing industry to be blue-collar and dirty, most manufacturing jobs pay better than average salaries, offer clean work environments, and offer significant opportunities to advance within the industry. The demand in Georgia s manufacturing industry has increased 30%, but the manufacturing workforce is not keeping up with the demand for workers. It is believed that this shortage of workers will become more severe in the coming years. The industry has become more efficient due to automation, resulting in a smaller workforce that requires skilled workers who require years of training to perform the industry jobs efficiently and effectively. Regardless of the downward trend in the number of job opportunities, manufactured goods exports are a very strong part of Georgia s economy. Manufacturers in Georgia produced 11.50% of the total output in the state and employed 8.75% of the workforce, a significant impact on Georgia s economy. Industry

26 Economic Impact of the Service Industry Services are vital to Georgia s economy The service industry can be divided into two broad, general subdivisions: customer services and professional services. Customer service industries are the largest sector of Georgia's economy led by wholesale (food, petroleum products, transportation equipment) and retail (automobile dealerships, discount stores, grocery stores, restaurants) trade activities. Most professional services, which include legal, accounting, investment management, engineering and health care, have seen a steady increase in new positions in recent years. Of the professional services, health services are expected to grow the fastest, with an estimated 30% or more rise in employment.

27 Economic Impact of Technology Georgia s technology industry is growing and is currently one of the nation s top 10 U.S. technology employment markets. Georgia s major strengths in the technology industry include health technology, medical devices, software development, digital entertainment and network and cyber security. While the cities of Atlanta (the technology hub), Savannah and Columbus are the leading technology locales, the technology industry is spreading throughout the state. The payroll impact of the technology industry in the state could reach $30 billion by While the outlook for the technology industry is promising, a major concern is the ability of the industry to attract and retain key talent to the state. Many employers have had to recruit from talent pools outside of the state, resulting in relocation costs and potential satellite offices. Industry leaders believe that a focus on re-structuring technology learning opportunities in the state s K-12 educational system will help produce a highly skilled technology workforce. A talent pool is being groomed for the workforce in the nationally ranked programs at the Georgia Institute of Technology and Georgia State University.