Social Traffickers. The role of the Internet in human trafficking and migrants' smuggling

Transcription

1 With the financial support of the Prevention of and Fight against Crime Programme European Commission Directorate-General Migration and Home Affairs Final conference - Project SURF AND SOUND Trento, 29 th march 2017 Social Traffickers The role of the Internet in human trafficking and migrants' smuggling Study results: Bulgaria Slavyanka Ivanova Center for the Study of Democracy

2 Methodology Exploration of the Web In-depth interviews Preliminary list with websites and social networks In-depth interviews with guides customised according specific competences and experiences of the respondents Preliminary list with keywords translated in national languages Traffickers/smugglers (3 respondents), Victims of trafficking/illegal migrants/asylum seekers (5 respondents), Representatives of law enforcement agencies (4 respondents), and Representatives of NGOs working in the field of THB (3 respondents). 2

3 Section 1 Smuggling

4 Recruitment Information gathering Profiles of relatives and acquaintances living abroad Regular web pages FB pages of smugglers Connection with midmen national Diaspora FB and mobile apps Viber, WhatsApp At place in the respective country Connection with smugglers Directly through personal FB pages/ profiles Through trusted persons Through smuggler from the country of origin 4

5 Transportation 5

6 Transportation 6

7 Section 1 Trafficking for sexual exploitation

8 Recruitment stages Marking down Dating sites Facebook Public places Contact PM in FB and sites Mobile apps Directly/ via common acquainta nces Appointment PM in FB and sites Mobile apps Phone F2F Personal meeting Arranging "travel" / "work" 8

9 Recruitment methods Lover boy Facebook In person False job ads Job sites In person Misleading sex workers Dating sites Job sites Facebook 9

10 Dangerous content criteria Disguising the real identity Unreal incomes Attracting conditions Bad language and grammar Lack of adequate requirements One ad published in several places / different contents Lack of clear details "Masking" behind "acceptable" professions Unclear additional expenses 10

11 Advertisement and exploitation Advertisement Contacts with old clients Advertisement to interested persons Mobile apps Skype, Viber, WhatsApp Contacts with partners In-home Abroad Control over the victims Communication Tracking the profiles 11

12 Advertisement and exploitation Advertisement Tinder external trafficking Facebook profiles Updated, with professional photos and videopresentations Dating site profiles Control over the victims Elmaz, Gepime, Twoo internal trafficking 12

13 Section 1 Trafficking for labour exploitation

14 Recruitment Advertisement Job sites Ads sites Facebook Dating/ matrimonial sites Contact/ Appointment PM in sites and FB Mobile apps Phone Personal or group meeting Arrangeme nt of travel/ work Phone F2f 14

15 Dangerous content criteria Disguising the real identity Advanced payment Attracting conditions Bad language and grammar Lack of language requirements Exemption of taxes promises Lack of clear details Only Skype applications Unclear additional expenses 15

16 Advertisement and exploitation Mobile apps Viber, WhatsApp Negotiating with employers Communication with partners and clients "In the case of labour exploitation they rather use old business contacts abroad. (LEA representative) "If you remember the cases of entire villages that do not know what pick somewhere, but it's on other channels. There is off line, they are communities where from person to person happens and is very regionalised, in Bulgaria and abroad... And it's such a network of people, which is quite off line. (NGO representative) 16

17 Potentially dangerous contents found in: Labour exploitation Sexual exploitation Sexual exploitation Sexual exploitation работа-в-чужбина.com 555.bg topobqvi.com sexsportal.bg alo.bg alo.bg topobiavi.bg sexypartnior.com obiavi.biz e-obiavi.info avantura.bg sexobqvi.com bitak.net obiavite.com clubs.dir.bg novoto.co.uk rabota.bg bezplatno.net osvejitelki.com vivaescort.com jobs.bg bgtourism.blogspot.bg zor.bg bgescort.com 17

18 With the financial support of the Prevention of and Fight against Crime Programme European Commission Directorate-General Migration and Home Affairs Final conference - Project SURF AND SOUND Trento, 29 th march 2017 Social Traffickers The role of the Internet in human trafficking and migrants' smuggling Study results: Bulgaria Slavyanka Ivanova Center for the Study of Democracy