State Border Guard Service of Ukraine. Combating Human Trafficking

Transcription

1 State Border Guard Service of Ukraine Combating Human Trafficking

2 GENERAL FUNCTIONS Protection of the State Border on land, sea, river and other water areas Border control at Border Crossing Points Enforcing Ukrainian Laws in the Exclusive (Maritime) Economic zone of Ukraine Efficient investigative activities to ensure Border Security Participation in the countering with the organized crime and illegal migration Protection of the Ukrainian Diplomatic Representatives abroad Coordination of the government bodies, army and law enforcement institutions activities in the sphere of Border Security

3 THE STATE BORDER OF UKRAINE POLAND 542,39 км SLOVAKIA 98,5 км BELORUS 1 084,2 км RUSSIAN FEDERATION 2 295,04 км HUNGARY 136,7 км ROMANIA 613,8 км MOLDOVA 1222,0 км LENGTH OF THE STATE BORDER OF UKRAINE 6 993,63 км, including: land 5 638,63 км sea 1 355,0 км with CIS states 4 601, 24 км exclusive (maritime) with EU MS states 1 390, 742 км economical zone км2

4 STATE BORDER GUARD SERVICE OF UKRAINE STRUCTURE THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE STATE BORDER GUARD SERVICE OF UKRAINE REGIONAL COMMANDS NOTHERN (ZHYTOMYR) WESTERN (LVIV) EASTERN (KHARKIV) SOUTHERN (ODESA) AZOV-BLACK SEA (SIMFEROPOL) BORDER GUARD UNITS MARINE BORDER GUARD UNITS Border guard detachments Border guard detachments Border guard detachments Marine Border guard detachments Marine Border guard detachments Sections of the state border guard service section section Support units educational communication logistics construction Medical and recreational facilities other

5 OPERATIONAL-SEARCHING BODIES AND UNITS OPERATIONAL ACTIVITY DIRECTORATE Department for Fighting Against Cross border Crime Information and Criminal Analysis Department Organization of Service Activity and Staff Department NOTHERN (ZHYTOMYR) Operational -Searching Division WESTERN (LVIV) Operational -Searching Division EASTERN (KHARKIV) Operational -Searching Division SOUTHERN (ODESA) Operational -Searching Division AZOV-BLACK SEA (SIMFEROPOL) Operational -Searching Division Border Operational-Searching Sections sections sections

6 MAIN ROUTES OF ILLEGAL MIGRATION MOVEMENT THROUGH THE TERRITORY OF UKRAINE KYIV

7 KYIV

8 The analysis of operational-service activity in years says about the preservation of tendency to decreasing a level of illegal migration threat as compared to last years. Despite the appearance of Somali and Afghan illegal migration activity, a general tendency to decreasing migration pressure has been observed in a current year.

9 MAIN TENDENCIES: Organization of Afghan citizens illegal movement to EU countries with the use of fake passports of the Great Britain; Use of not valid or illegally issued certificates for refugee status by Afghan citizens to come officially to Ukraine; Further use by illegal migrants the green border segment with Russia on the area of Lugansk, Kharkiv and Summy regions; Attempts to penetrate to EU countries from Africa countries (Congo, Guinea, Nigeria, Eritrea, Cameroon) and Middle East (Syria) with the use of false documents and documents of their compatriots who have already legalized in EU

10 MOST CHARECTERISTIC METHODS: Entering Ukraine with the use of authentic documents for different purposes (education, tourism, business, private) with further attempts to cross the western border; Entering Ukraine with the use of authentic documents for the further purpose to change a status of stay (from temporary to permanent, fake marriage for citizenship and other); Entering Ukraine with the use of authentic documents for the further application for asylum in migration services UN High Commissioner for Refugees with the application for refugee status.

11 STUDENT MIGRATION CHANNEL IS WIDELY USED TO MOVE THIRD COUNTRY NATIONALS TO COUNTRIES OF WESTERN EUROPE AND HAS A TENDENCY TO BE INCREASED. THE MAJORITY OF ILLEGAL MIGRANTS ARE CITEZENS OF CONGO (84%). OTHERS ABOUT 7% CITEZENS OF GUINEA, THE REST 5% ARE CITEZENS OF CAMEROON AND NIGERIA.

12 ІІ. COMBATING HUMAN TRAFICKING Most intensive process is related to the trafficking in Ukrainian women for the purpose of sexual exploitation abroad. Main countries of destination in 2012 were Russian Federation (language-cultural similarities and no visa barriers), Poland (prostitution legalization and loyal visa policy), Turkish Republic, Cyprus, United Arab Emirates, Lebanon and Israel (the development of tourism business).

13 An increasing trafficking in human beings for the purpose of labor exploitation Continuation of trafficking in women for sale to pimps on the territory of Russian Federation, Poland and Turkey; Facts growth of men exploitation for the forced labor on the territory of Russian Federation and EU (in 2009 appeared a new form of human trafficking - invalids as baggers ; A preservation of tendency regarding the labor exploitation of seamen for the purpose to engage them in smuggling activity on territory of Greece, Turkey and Italy (more than 200 persons for 3 years); Continuation of under-aged girls trafficking attempts through the «green» border for sexual exploitation on territory of Russian Federation.

14 REASONS CORRUPTION OF FOREIGN REPRESENTATIVES IN UKRAINE 1. The Consulate of Poland in Lutsk. A polish consular has issued during illegally Shengen visas to 20 Ukrainian women who were planned to be involved in prostitution in Germany; 2. The Consulate of Turkey in Odessa. The staff was involved in issuing long-term working visas for Ukrainian women to cross them for purpose of sex exploitation. Facilitators used connections with diplomatic staff to accept fake diplomas of dancers

15 TACTICS Tactics Recruiting and agitation are carried out with the use of Internet, SKYPE, social networks for sexual exploitation, as a rule of inhabitants of the most vulnerable population of the Eastern Ukraine. The crossing is carried out officially and on legal bases, as a rule with the escort of a woman recruiter. Regarding underaged girls after the instruction they make attempts to cross the green border with the use of transporter man driver without any documents or passports of others.

16 INDICATORS FOR POTENCIAL VICTIMS New passport (all passports with subsequent numbers). Passport is given by another person (a car is blocked when passing land BCPs) A vulnerable region of origin. Victims try to move in separate lines. Escort person is available with travel documents. No parents. Difficult family circumstances. Emotional problems. Payment of travel expences by another person. Debts obligations. No cash, no access to money A small number of clothes and luggage. Clothes is not appropriate to material status of a person Absence of information about contact person and accomodation No permanant job

17 PECULARITIES With the use of vulnerable position (financial problems and difficult circumstances) recruiters try to involve victims into debts which have been increasing for any reasons of rules violation. Almost all women know the real purpose of the visit (they tell tourism, work under contract, education). On the stage of crossing they actively cooperate with criminals because they think it is nessesery to achieve a better life

18 Prevention activities with possible victims (giving information about HT, contacts with Embassies of Ukraine abroad, phone cards of anti-trafficking units PREVENTION ACTIVITY 24 hot line (providing consultations) International organization for migration in Ukraine (stickers, cards, booklets and other)

19 PECULARITIES Even after explanation and warning about a high possibility to be involved in a criminal activity, a small number of them refuses from the trip. As a rule a confirmation of human trafficking facts can be after coming Revealing usually is after interviewing, filtration of deported persons and risk group, work with labor, tourism and model agencies, medical institutions, NGOs and SBGS hot line

20 MECHANISM OF CONTROL Involving in debts. Debts are always increasing for any violation of rules. Passports. They are illegal migrants and can be detained. Language and physiologic isolation. In order not to give a possibility to establish social contacts with persons of the same origin Revenge to family members, picture blackmail, drugs and alcohol public violence

21 COMMON METHODS FOR RECRUITING Deceive. They cooperate with criminals because they do not know about planned exploitation and confident that they go for a real job Partial deceive. They know that they go to work in a sex industry but they do not know about a number of clients and conditions Turkish marriage method Lover boys. They find vulnerable girls (family, education and emotional problems)

22 METHODS FOR TRANSPORTING Method Look Like. Stolen or lost EU passports were used to move women to EU countries or passports of other persons of Ukraine were used to move under-aged girls across the border with Russia Remark: but green border is not specific to human trafficking.

23 INTERNATIONAL AND CROSS BORDER COOPERATION With border guard services of neighboring countries With border guard services of CIS countries With border guard services of other countries With international organizations EU

24 Main directions for cooperation information exchange common risk analysis training of personnel

25 MAIN WAYS OF COOPERATION Exchange of information regarding persons involved to the organization of human trafficking; Informing about persons possibly involved in human trafficking; Informing of the parties regarding channels of human trafficking, new elements in tactics of criminal actions, also persons who can be involved in human trafficking.

26 CONCLUSION Human trafficking is a transnational crime as a recruiting is carried out on the territory of one country, but an exploitation on the other country. Except that recruiting, transportation and exploitation are carried by different nationalities. So it requires coordination of anti-trafficking units of other countries, cooperation between international and non-governmental organizations. Thank you for your attention!

27 State Border Guard Service of Ukraine Combating Human Trafficking