728 People killed in Bangui since early December.

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1 CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC (CAR): Situation Report No.4 (as of 30 December 2013) This report is produced by OCHA CAR in collaboration with humanitarian partners. It covers the period from 24 to 30 December. The next report will be issued on or around 3 January Highlights The security situation remains tense in and around Bangui. A mass grave containing about 30 charred and possibly tortured bodies was discovered in Bangui on 25 December near the city centre. The increasing insecurity in Bangui has triggered a new wave of displacement and reduced any likelihood of returns in the coming days. About 370,000 people are now displaced in 55 IDP sites in Bangui. This representing an increase of more than 70 per cent since 17 December. Up to 8,000 IDP children in Bangui participate daily in psychosocial activities in child-friendly spaces established by UNICEF and partners in IDP sites. The continuing violence is affecting the assessment of humanitarian needs, especially outside of Bangui. CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC CAMEROON Bouar Berberati 100 km Bossangoa Bozoum Nola CONGO Bangui Mbaïki CHAD Ubangi Kaga Bandoro Sibut Ndélé Birao Bambari Mobaye Bria violent incidents SUDAN Bangassou DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO SOUTH SUDAN Obo Map Sources: ESRI, Europa Technologies, UNCS. The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Final boundary between the Republic of Sudan and the Republic of South Sudan has not yet been determined. Final status of the Abyei area is not yet determined. Map created in Oct $152 million Needed to provide lifesaving, protection and resilience assistance to 1.2 million people from 24 Dec. to 2 April ,000 IDPs in CAR. 370,000 IDPs in Bangui. 728 People killed in Bangui since early December. 53% CAP funded (2013 current requirement of $195 million). 4.6 m Population of CAR. 2.2 m People who need assistance. Sources: OCHA, CAR Red Cross, UNHCR and FTS Situation Overview The security situation in Bangui remains volatile after a week of fighting and shootings, mainly in the capital s northern neighbourhoods. On 25 December, a mass grave containing about 30 charred bodies with signs of torture was discovered on a hill near the centre of Bangui. CAR Red Cross reported 71 people killed between 20 and 24 December. About 40 civilians were killed on 25 December, as well as six peacekeepers from MISCA. Since 5 December, attacks by anti-balaka and ex-seleka rebels have led to serious human rights violations and the death of over 728 people. The increasing insecurity in Bangui has triggered a new wave of displacement and reduced the likelihood of returns in the coming days. About 370,000 people are now displaced in 62 IDP sites in Bangui. This represents an increase of more than 70 per cent from the 17 December figure of 214,000 IDPs,. The rapid increase of IDPs in makeshift sites in Bangui is further increasing the pressure on humanitarians response capacity. In the north-western region, the situation remains tense. In Bossangoa, tensions rose between the anti- Balaka and MISCA forces after a Congolese peacekeeper was killed on 22 December while on protection duties at an IDP site from which MISCA forces have withdrawn. IDPs attempting to return to Bossembélé returned to Bossangoa after being attacked by Fulani pastoralists; one IDP was killed during the attack. Bossangoa is still divided into two groups living in separate IDP locations. The mission of the is to mobilize and coordinate effective and principled humanitarian action in partnership with national and international actors. Coordination Saves Lives

2 CAR Situation Report No. 2 2 Funding As of 30 December, FTS had registered only 54 per cent of contributions against the total requirement of $195 million in the 2013 CAP. To proportionally increase its response to meet the constantly growing needs of people trapped by violence, the humanitarian community has redefined its priorities in a 100-day intervention plan estimated at $152.2 million. This plan will be carried out within the framework of the Strategic Response Plan (SRP) for CAR, currently estimated at $247 million. The SRP was launched in early December and will be revised upwards to take into account the needs triggered by the most recent spike in violence. On 26 December, the CAR Senior Humanitarian Coordinator (SHC) appealed for more resources to avert a humanitarian catastrophe and to help thousands of people in a deplorable humanitarian situation who require immediate assistance. The SHC insisted that there is no better time than now for donors and others to help humanitarians assist everyone in need. CAP 2013: Funding status as of 30 December Request: US$195 M Funded: US$105 M Gap: US$90 M Funding by cluster % Funded (million of $US) Requested Funded Unmet fund FOOD SECURITY 71% 43,08 30,80 12,28 PROTECTION 23% 22,94 5,19 17,75 EDUCATION 34% 22,54 7,72 14,82 46% WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE HEALTH 20% 22,33 49% 21,28 4,37 10,46 17,96 10,82 54% M ULTI-SECTOR ASSISTANCE TO REFUGEES LOGISTICS 45% 58% 20,50 12,98 9,19 7,48 11,31 5,50 NUTRITION 47% 12,09 5,68 6,41 EARLY RECOVERY 0% 6,90-6,90 EMERGENCY SHELTER 8% 4,20 0,32 3,89 COORDINATION AND SUPPORT SERVICES EMERGENCY TELECOMMUNICATIONS 46% 35% 4,16 1,93 2,23 2,12 0,74 1,39 CLUSTER NOT YET SPECIFIED 0% - 8,34-8,34 Source: FTS All humanitarian partners, including donors and recipient agencies, are encouraged to inform OCHA's Financial Tracking Service (FTS - of cash and in-kind contributions by ing: fts@un.org Humanitarian response Food Security As the security situation deteriorates, the number of IDPs and their needs keeps increasing. Continuing needs assessments are therefore required. Farmers urgently need agricultural support for the next planting season in March. Crops from the previous season were not sufficient and food stocks are non-existent in places visited. $61 million As of 25 December, WFP had provided over 1,400 mt of food to more than 196,000 people in CAR. It has provided general food distributions in over 30 sites. In Bangui, WFP has provided nearly 555 mt of food to more than 133,000 people (without double counting) in December. In Bossangoa, WFP has provided over 600 mt of food to more than 41,500 people since the end of November. The distributions for December have been concluded. In Bouar, WFP assisted 21,500 people with 250 mts of food in December. The MIRA assessment is ongoing and the Coordinator of the Food Security Cluster is leading one of the six assessment teams. FAO participated in the data collection from 24 to 28 December, and it has strengthened its response capacity to the crisis. The continuing violence is hampering the assessment of current needs outside of Bangui.

3 CAR Situation Report No. 2 3 The latest spike violence in Bangui resulted in some of the planned distributions being postponed. This includes distributions at the site near the airport. Due to the continuing displacement in the country, partners with a rapid-response capacity need to be identified. Food pre-positioning remains a challenge in central and eastern areas due to insecurity in Bangui and en route. Many farmer-pastoralist conflicts are being noticed, as well as tensions between different communities. Protection Psychosocial and child-protection interventions are needed in the 36 major IDP sites in Bangui. Reconciliation and social cohesion are crucial for conflict-affected communities. $17 million April 2014 (including CCCM activities). UNHCR, through the Danish Refugee Council, monitored 23 protection cases in the Ouham prefecture. With its partners in the Protection Cluster, UNHCR is compiling a 3W matrix to map out protection-related activities. Using data collected in partnership with other agencies, UNHCR is developing site profiles for the largest five IDP sites in Bangui (airport, Boy Rabe Monastery, Don Bosco, Saint Joseph de Mokassa and Archbishop), as well as for sites that have experienced a significant population increase. Three new IDP sites have received tarpaulins, and recreational and early development kits to open childfriendly spaces. To date, eight IDP sites have recreational and protection activities for displaced children through a partnership between UNICEF and COOPI, Don Bosco, Save the Children, Catholic Scouts and Justice and Peace Commission. Every day, up to 8,000 children in Bangui participate in psychosocial activities organized in child-friendly spaces. To date, only 22 per cent of major IDP sites have child-protection activities. Children affected by the conflict and living in other sites have no support when they are subjected to abuse and violence. Efforts are under way to scale up response and increase the coverage to the remaining IDP sites. The airport IDP site has the highest number of IDPs (more than 70,000), but it lacks space to establish additional child-friendly spaces to respond to children s protection needs. To address this challenge, UNICEF agreed with Save the Children to establish mobile child-protection activities at the site. Health There is a significant increase in the risk of epidemics, such as diarrhoeal diseases, malaria, measles, meningitis and respiratory infections. $17 million On 26 December, MSF sent two suspected-measles samples from the Don Bosco IDP site for testing. The samples were confirmed positive by the Institut Pasteur of Bangui laboratory. There are no reports of suspected cases of meningococcal meningitis, yellow fever or cholera. In Bangui, UNICEF provided the health facility at the St. Paul Archeveché IDP site with a complete medical kit sufficient to treat 10,000 people. A total of 3,068 people were treated at the site in the last week: 44 per cent for malaria, 34 per cent for respiratory infections and 7 per cent for diarrhoea. A total of 254 pregnant women received a check-up and 51 births took place. WHO received 2.6 tons of drugs last week to support NGOs and other humanitarian health partners working in IDP sites and looted health structures. WHO is deploying three epidemiologists to Bouar, Bamabari and Kaga-Bandoro to boost disease monitoring and surveillance. The Health Cluster will conduct a catch-up vaccination campaign in sites not included in MSF planning. Lack of ambulances for the smooth referrals of patients in emergency situations. In hinterland areas affected by violence, including Bouar, Bozoum, Bossangoa, Bambari and Kaga- Bandoro, tens of thousands of displaced people roam the bush; doctors cannot reach them. Financial resources are urgently needed to cover health-sector interventions, including vaccinations, and to continue the provision of free care.

4 CAR Situation Report No. 2 4 Nutrition Thirty-six cases of severe acute malnutrition were identified at the airport site and admitted for treatment. UNICEF and ACF have helped to trace 593 of the 960 severely malnourished children under age 5 who interrupted their treatment following the outbreak of violence and displacement in Bangui. These children have been readmitted to rehabilitation services. Data on moderate acute malnutrition are underestimated, as health-care structures are not carrying out systematic routine screening for malnutrition. Emergency shelter, water sanitation hygiene (WASH) and NFI Sanitation services for Bangui and Bossangoa IDPs, and NFIs for IDPs. Hygiene-promotion activities are urgently required in IDP sites with a high population. IRC and UNICEF established a management committee in Eglise Freres Castor and Grand Seminaire IDP sites to improve security, cleanliness and sanitation facilities. IRC distributed soap to cover the immediate needs of 6,000 people. UNHCR provided some 600 IDP households at the MISCA and Lazaristes sites with sleeping mats, covers, jerry cans and mosquito domes. With UNICEF s support, CAR s national water-distribution company (SODECA) is repairing Bossangoa water station. This will enable the supply of free water to IDPs in two sites. UNICEF, ACF and MSF have been providing water trucking services to IDPs in Bossangoa since October. Lack of additional space at the Catholic Mission in Bossangoa to decongest the site. In Bangui, there is a lack of soap, blankets, mosquito nets and plastic sheeting. $12 million $18.5 million assistance from 24 Dec. to 2 April 2014 ($9 million for WASH). Logistics The Logistics Cluster aims to increase the transportation capacity to ensure that WFP and partners can access beneficiaries by road. Over 65 organizations depend on the United Nations Humanitarian Air Service (UNHAS) for flights to over 27 destinations in CAR. UNHAS operates in-country passenger and cargo flights and carries out medical evacuations when needed. This service facilitates field access for humanitarian agencies. On 25 December, one flight was undertaken to the north axis (Paoua and Bossangoa), and one flight on 26 December to Bangassou, Zemio and Obo. The flights carried passengers and medical cargo for NGOs. Considering the security situation, UNHAS is reevaluating the resumption of UNHAS between Bangui and Douala. The Logistics Cluster will collect GPS coordinates of NGO offices and residences for mapping. Due to insecurity, logistics transportation activities have been limited. Despite challenging conditions at the airport, UNHAS operations have continued. $7.3 million Emergency Telecommunications

5 Critical security communication is required in the field. Communication centres are not operating 24/7 (except in Bangui) due to a lack of secure compounds and radio operators. Data connectivity is required, although it is available at the WFP office in Bouar, the OCHA office in Paoua and the UNHCR office in Zemio. CAR Situation Report No. 2 5 Essential ETC equipment is being shipped to Bangui, and an ICT technician has arrived to support the deployment of ETC services. The cluster met with UNDSS on 25 December to discuss strengthening the radio communications network in Bangui and re-deploying radio rooms in locations that were looted earlier this year. The ETC is identifying additional staffing, including stand-by partners, who will support the deployment of critical ICT services in seven common operational areas, namely Bambari, Kaga Bandoro, Bossangoa, Zemio, Ndele, Paoua and Bouar. All ETC information is available at: The security situation is the key challenge for deploying ETC services. Transportation and customs clearances are still pending, posing an additional challenge. General Coordination $0.9 million On 23 December, an OCHA-coordinated joint rapid multi-sector assessment mission visited IDP sites in Bouar and Bozoum, in the north-western region. As of 29 December, all teams, except one, had completed the data collection. Despite security and logistics constraints, 92 per cent of areas targeted by the sample have been covered, and teams returned to their bases without incident. A debriefing with team leaders took place on 30 December. On 29 December, cluster leads visited the airport IDP site, which hosts about 100,000 people (latest MSF estimate). They met with the 11 site facilitators identified by MSF. A multi-sector assessment has been programmed at the site to develop a coordinated response. The humanitarian response to IDPs at this site has been a major challenge due to security and safety issues. The CAR Humanitarian Country Team approved the activation of the CCCM Cluster to facilitate the collection of quantitative and qualitative data in IDP sites in CAR. For further information, please contact: Amy Martin, OCHA Head of Office, martin23@un.org, Cell: Medard Lobota, Information Officer, obota@un.org, Cell: For more information, please visit unocha.org/rca, or reliefweb.int