THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY RESEARCH SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPAR1MENT OF DEMOGRAPHY ANNUAL REPORT 1971

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1 THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY RESEARCH SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPAR1MENT OF DEMOGRAPHY ANNUAL REPORT 1971 Academic Staff Professor and Head of Department J. C. C~ldwell, B. A. (N. E.), Ph. D. (A. N. U. ) Professor and Director of School of Social Sciences W. D. Borrie, O.B. E., M.A. (N. Z. ) Professorial Fellow C.A. Price, B.A. (Adel.), M. A., D. Phil. (Oxon) Senior Research Fellows E.F, Kunz, D. Phil. (Budapest), M. A. (Syd. ) L. T. Ruzicka, Ing. (Prague), CSc. (Prague) - from August 1971 Research Fellows M. Singarimbun, B. A. (Gadjah Mada), Ph. D. (A. N.U.) I.H. Burnley, M.A. (Canto), Ph._D. (Well.) Christabel Young, B. Sc. (Adel.), Ph. D. (A.N. U.) Helen Ware, B. A. (Durham), Ph. D. (London) - from May 1971 Visiting Fellows L. Parai (University of Western Ontario) - from Feb to Sept E.P. Hutchinson (University of Pennsylvania) - from Sept to March 1972 Resignations K. G. Basavarajappa - August to be Associate Professor, University of Western Ontario, Canada D.J. van de Kaa - February to be Foundation Director of the Netherlands Interuniversity Demographic Institute Introduction The interests of the Department of Demography have continued in three major areas: (a) Australian demography with emphasis on fertility and mortality; (b) the population of Asia and Oceania with special attention to New Guinea, New Zealand, Indonesia, the Philippines, Korea, India and Pakistan; (c) international migration and the settlement of immigrants in Australia. Staff and students are active in all areas, and continue to co-operate with other organizations working in the same field.

2 2. Visitors Professor Louis Parai, a Canadian economist working on the economic costs and benefits of immigration, spent several months in the Department collecting material for a comparative study of the effects of immigration on Canada and Australia. Professor E.P. Hutchinson, an authority on American immigration statistics and policy arrived in September for six months work in the Department. Shorter visits were paid by Professor Ansley Coale of the Office of Population Research, Princeton, by Dr Karl Frisen, Director of the Population Division of the ECAFE region, by Professor Iskander, Director of Demographic Stud.ies in the Faculty of Economics, University of Indonesia, and by Professor Bintarto, Dean of the Faculty of Geography, Gadjah Mada University, Jogjakarta. Teaching Activities Students gaining their Ph D. degrees during the year were: C.Y. Choi, Chinese immigration and settlement in Australia; N.D. Hicks, the peopling of Australia, ; J. T. Yamaguchi, demographic transition and labour supply in post-war Japan; D. J. van de Kaa (staff candidate), the demography of Papua and New Guinea. Two new students, T. Hull and Valerie Hull,arrived to do doctoral dissertations on family control in selected areas of south-east Asia. Teaching of the Department's ten Ph. D. students continued by tutorial and seminars. The seminars, in which visitors participated most helpfully, concentrated on staff and student work in progress. In November a special series of seminars on immigration research was begun and will continue next year Research The major new work of the Department, the Study of the Australian Family Formation, started in 1970, took most of the time of Professor Caldwell, Dr Young, Dr Ware, Mr Lavis (scholar), Mrs Davis (Research Assistant) and a number of short-term assistants. A pilot survey of 250 families in a country town of New South Wales was completed in March and the main survey, 2, 500 families in Melbourne, drew to a close in December. Processing the material obtained ran parallel to the fieldwork, coding being completed and computer editing begun so that preliminary results will be available early next year. Additionally, Dr Ware has prepared for publication the first comprehensive bibliography of studies of fertility and the family in Australia and New Zealand while P. Whalley, a lawyer, has joined the department to ~ssist Dr Ware with a survey of legal restrictions and encouragements relating to fertility in Australia. In addition, members of the family project team have been continuing their other activities. Professor Caldwell has carried on his work on African demography, editing a book on West Africa and participating in an experimental project in Nigeria whereby information about family planning is collected by a system of continuous registration; he has also continued his long-term study of the origin of population policies and programmes in Asia. Dr Young has been developing computer programmes for analysing survey material and refining her cohort analyses of population growth in Australia Dr Ware has continued her work on the influence of female employment on Australian fertility patterns.

3 3. In south-east Asia, Dr Si ngar imbun has completed his fieldwork in a rural village in Java and is now analysing the material collected on the social and economic forces i nvolved in determing size of family. Dr Ruzicka, who joined the Department in August, is continuing the work he started in India on health and mor tality in the ECAFE region and is starting an analysis on differential mortality in Australia. Departmental students are working on various demographic problems in Korea, the Philippines, Pakistan, Indonesia, New Zealand and West Africa. Professor Borrie continues his general work on world population trends and his special work for the Australian government on current trends in, and future prospects for, Australian population growth; see Director's Report On the migration side Dr Price completed volume one of his comparative study of the restrictiv e immigration policies of Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the U.S A. ; also with Mrs Pyne (Research Assistant), he continued the analysis of Australian immigration statistics, with special reference to the departure of former settlers and the age-sex composition of Australia ' s surviving post-war immigrant population. Dr Kunz is continuing his large - scale study of Australia's refugee immigration and his work on the theory of refugee movements. Dr Burnley continues his survey of immigrant concentrations in Australia's major cities and has also been doing some work on internal migration and urbanization (both in Australia and south-east Asia) and on immigration to New Zealand. The three staff- members, together with Mrs Nurser and Mrs Pyne, finished compiling the second issue of the Department's Bibliography on Australian Immigration, together with introductory articles and statistical tables. Scholars in the department continued work on Scandinavian migration to Australia and migration within the Indian sub - continent. Former members of the Department, notably Dr van de Kaa on New Guinea, and Dr Basavarajappa on Australian fertility, are continuing to analyse and publish material collected while at the Australian National University. Other Activities The Department has continued to co-operate with other organizations. Professor Borrie attended a second meeting, in Bangkok, as Chairman of the Preparatory Committee of the Second Asian Population Conference being planned by ECAFE. He also continued his membership of the Commonwealth Immigration Planning Council Professor Caldwell is acting as Advisor both to the Australian - Asian Universities Co-operation Scheme and the Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction Programme of the W. H. O. He was member of a U.N. Mission in February to study the feasibility of a family planning programme in Iran. Dr Price continues his work as Honorary Director (Social and Political Aspects) of the Immigration Project of the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia (Professor Borrie is Chairman of the Committee), is acting as Consultant to the Commonwealth Immigration Advisory Council's Committee of Inquiry into the re-migrat i on of settlers from Australia, and is a member of the World Council of Churches Committee on Refugees and Migration.

4 20/ 1972 Dr Kunz attended the Second European Population Conference, in Strasbourg in September 1971, and spoke to two papers on international migration. Dr Burnley attended a conference in Bangkok, on internal migration and urbanization, organized by ECAFE. Mr McDonald (student) was given 3 months leave to accept an appointment by the Australian-Asian Universities Co-operation Scheme to teach basic demography to selected academics and public servants in Djakarta, Indonesia. Support of Work The Department again wishes to express its appreciation for the continued co-operation of the Bureau of Census and Statistics, and the Department of Immigration, in its research; the special statistical tabulations and unpublished materials made available, and the willingness of the officers concerned to discuss them, provided the basis of much of the Department's work o The Department's work was greatly assisted by two substantial grants. One was from the Ford and Rockefeller Foundations' Programme in Support of Social Science and Legal Research on Population Policy. The other was from the Ford Foundation for demographic work on Indonesia. These were additional to the Population Council grants of 1970 for work on some demographic problems of Asia and Africa. Publications BORRIE, W. D. 'Fertility in Australia; a review of recent trends', Session 2.3 in proceedings of International Population Conference London 1969, International Union for Scientific Study of Population, Liege, 1971, pp 'The demand and supply of demographers', Session 8.1 in proceedings of International Population. ~onference London 1969, International Union for Scientific Study of Population, Liege, 1971, pp '"Predicting" populations', Australian Outlook, December 1971, 25 (3). 'The population factor, Search, October 1971, pp BURNLEY, I. Ho 'The absorption of immigrants in Australia', in Australian Immigration: A Bibliography and Digest, No, 2, 1970, ed. C.A. Price, Australian National University, Canberra, 1971, pp.a24-4s o 'Survey of New Zealand literature on migration', in Australian Immigration: A Bibliography and Digest, No o 2, 1970 (as above), pp, A62-76, 'Immigration and metropolitan population growth and change in Australia, ', Proceedings of the Sixth New Zealand Geography Conference, Christchurch, August 1970, eds R.J o Johnston and Jane Mo Soons, N, Z, Geographical Society, Christchurch, 1971, pp 'Immigrants in Australian cities, Australian Quarterly, December 1971,!Opp,

5 ~--5.. CALDWELL, J.C. 'Some factors affecting fertility in Ghana', Session 2.5, in proceedings of the International Population Conference London 1969, International Union for Scientific Study of Population, Liege, 1971, pp 'Anti-natal practice in Tropical Africa', Session 4. 3, proceedings of the International Population Conference London 1969, International Union for the Scientific Study of Population, Liege, 1971, pp , 'Methods of population and family research problems in their application to Africa', Rural Africana, Spring 14, KUNZ, E.F. 'Refugees and the Eastern Europeans in Australia', in Australian Immigration: A Bibliography and Digest, No, 2, 1970, ed, C.A. Price, Australian National University, Canberra 1971, pp. A 'Political events "at home" and the concept of catharsis naturalisation among refugees', International Migration, 1971, 9(1/2): 'European migrant absorption in Australia', International Migration, (1/2) : 'Some basic determinants of post - war refugee naturalisations in Australia', Australian and New Zealand Journal of Sociology, October 1971, 7(2) : *McARTHUR, NORMA 'Island territories of the South Pacific', Session 1.5 in proceedings of the International Population Conference, London 1969, International Union for the Scientific Study of Population, Liege, 1971, pp PRICE, C. A. 'International migration - Australia and New Zealand ', Session 9. 1 in proceedings of the International Population Conference, London 1969, International Union for the Scientific Study of Population, Liege, 1971, pp Australian Immigration: A Bibliography and Digest, No. 2, 1970, ed. C.A. Price, Australian National University, Canberra 1971, 198pp. 'Overseas migration to Austxal1a : ', in Australian Immigration: A Bibliography and Digest, No. 2, 1970 (as above), pp, Al-23. 'Selected tables on Australian immigration - with commentary', in Australian Immigration : A Bibliography and Digest, No. 2, 1970 (as above), pp. A (with Patricia Pyne). *Former member. Based on work done while a member of the Department.

6 6. PYNE, Patricia 'Selected tables on Australian immigration - with commentary', in Australian Immi ration: A Bibliogra hy and Di est, No. 2, 1970, Australian National University, Canberra 1971, pp.a with C.A. Price). *SIVAMURTHY, M. 'The effect of variations in the components of change on the size and structure of the Australian Population: ', Australian Journal of Statistics, 1971, 13(1): *VAN DE KAA, D.J. 'The vital rates of Papua and New Guinea's indigenous population', Session 2.1, in proceedings of the International Population Conference, London 1969, International Union for the Scientific Study of Population, Li~ge, 1971, pp 'The future growth of Papua-New Guinea's indigenous population', New Guinea Research Bulletin, September 1971, 42: *Former member. Based on work done while a member of the Department