Language Ideology behind Metaphors as Rhetorical Strategy

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Randolf Holt
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1 45 4 Vol. 45 No Journal of Jiangxi Normal University Social Sciences Aug H315 A Language Ideology behind Metaphors as Rhetorical Strategy LI Yongzhong Foreign Languages College Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang Jiangxi China Abstract While frequently considered as a fundamental thinking mode in cognitive linguistics metaphor is gradually forgotten as a useful rhetorical tool. This paper aims to discuss the interweaving issues between metaphor and language ideology from the angle of CDA. An analysis of the racial discrimination implicitly carried in some political texts shows that metaphor is a unique perspective by which we are able to look at the world and an indispensable pragmatic strategy in communication. Key words metaphor thinking mode rhetorical strategy language ideology Lakoff Johnson Lakoff Lakoff Johnson 1 Gibbs YY

2 Lakoff Locke Goatly 4 p1 But yet if we would speak of things as they are we must allow that all the artificial and figurative application of words eloquence hath invented are for nothing else but to insinuate wrong ideas move the passions and thereby mislead the judgment and so indeed are perfect cheat. move mislead cheat eloquence hath invented insinuate work its way in penetrate 5 p3 5 p44 Montrose 6 p p4 CEO

3 p124 5 p258 figure - ground 8 p6 Lakoff Lakoff & Johnson 1 TRADE NEGOTIATIONS ARE BATTLES ARGUMENT IS WAR ARGUMENT IS SPORT S 9 p8 Ana Otto S CITIZENS ARE HUMANS IMMIGRANTS ARE ANIMALS 10 p They herded us together like goats said one angry squatter. 2 The lure is jobs however ill paid not welfare. 3 Wilson said he believed public benefits are a lure to immigrants.

4 Beaten - down agents given only enough resources to catch a third of their quarry sense the objective in this campaign is something less than total victory. 5 Beyond a store runs the I - 5 freeway where the agents now must quit the chase. 6 The truth is employers hungering for really cheap labor hunt out the foreign workers backers devour the weak and helpless. 8 The rapid increase comes at a time when many state and federal officials are calling for beefed - up border patrols to ferret out illegal immigrants Teun van Dijk p208 IMMIGRATION AS DANGEROUS WATERS 10 p Foreigners who have flooded into the country so far this year. 10 An overwhelming flood of asylum - seekers has put the country in an angry funk. 11 The influx of illegal immigrants is blamed for the failure to win the war on drugs. 12 He was prepared to invoke other measures to stem the influx 13 The ribbon of rust - colored steel apparently has not impeded the flow north. 14 Valley lawmakers have been in the forefront of those calling for hard - line measures intended to stem the flow of undocumented immigrants. 10 p Bloor & Bloor nation as family kith and kin 11 p122 Fairclough 12 p Everywhere in the Third World life in rural areas gets harder and poor people flock to the city. The urban poor get poorer flock sheep flock sheep flock sheep flock EU euro p Germany has become the sick man of Europe growth is slowing exports have dipped. 17 Twenty - five years ago Britain was branded the sick man of Europe. Germany was the model economy we should cop-

5 4 135 y. Today the influential Economist magazine says Germany is the sick man of the euro. 18 How times have changed. Thanks to radical union reform widespread economic liberalization and sensible monetary and fiscal policies the UK has transformed itself from the Sick Man of Europe to the best - performing G 7 economy this year. And it is Germany once the economic powerhouse of the Continent that is looking decidedly ill. Eurosclerosis / 19 These social market policies in Germany and France have produced Europe s unemployment rate of over 11 per cent. The single currency would cement this high unemployment in place and extend it to Britain. It would make Euro - sclerosis incurable. This was the British disease of our socialist period it is now the German disease the French disease the Spanish disease the European disease in general. cf. Musolff Eurosclerosis sclerosis Fauconnier & Turner sclerosis contagious disease ILLNESS / HEALTH domain p TRADE IS BATTLE 20 The United States slapped punitive tariffs of an additional 35 percent on Chinese - made tire imports last week prompting Beijing to lodge a complaint with the World Trade Organization WTO. Beijing says Washington s move violated WTO rules and has warned it will damage trade relations but the United States has denied it amounted to protectionism. With such a significant chunk of the world economy relying on the symbiotic US - China relationship other world leaders will be hoping Hu and Obama can bury the hatchet. http / /news. yahoo. com /s /afp / /wl_asia_afp /undiplomacyus_ slap punitive tariffs slap bury the hatchet hatchet lodge lodge a complaint with present complaint to the proper authorities for attention 15 p5

6 Lakoff George and Mark Johnson. Metaphors We Live By M. Chicago University of Chicago Press Gibbs Ray. The Poetics of Mind M. Cambridge Cambrideg University Press M Goatly Andrew. The Language of Metaphors M. London / New York Routledge M M J Simpson Paul. Language Ideology and Point of View M. London / New York Routledge Diven Rene Roslyn M. Frank and Martin Pütz. Introduction Categories Cognitive Models and Ideologies A. In Rene Dirven Roslyn Frank & Martin Pütz eds.. Cognitive Models in Language and Thought Ideology Metaphors and Meanings C. Berlin / New York Mouton de Gruyter Santa Ana Otto. Three Mandates for Anti - minority Policy Expressed in U. S. Public Discourse Metaphors A. In Rene Dirven Roslyn Frank & Martin Pütz eds.. Cognitive Models in Language and Thought Ideology Metaphors and Meanings C. Berlin / New York Mouton de Gruyter Bloor Aeriel & Thomas Bloor. The Practice of Critical Discourse Analysis M. New York Hodder Arnold O Halloran Kieran. Critical Discourse Analysis and Language Cognition M. Edinburgh Edinburgh University Press Musolff Andreas. Metaphor and Political Discourse Analogical Reasoning in Debates about Europe M. Hampshire and New York Palgrave Macmillan Fauconnier Gilles & Marker Turner. Metonymy and Conceptual Integration A. In Klaus - Uwe Panther and Günter Radden eds.. Metonymy in Language and Thought C. Amsterdam / Philadelphia John Benjamins Publishing Company M

LATINOS IN THE MEDIA:

LATINOS IN THE MEDIA: THE VALUE OF CRITICAL MEDIA LITERACY Jessica Sierk University of Nebraska-Lincoln Fourteenth Annual Cambio de Colores Conference June 11, 2015 QUESTION To what extent do you think